HRP20210378T1 - Process for forming a solid fuel composition from mixed solid waste - Google Patents

Process for forming a solid fuel composition from mixed solid waste Download PDF

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Publication number
HRP20210378T1
HRP20210378T1 HRP20210378TT HRP20210378T HRP20210378T1 HR P20210378 T1 HRP20210378 T1 HR P20210378T1 HR P20210378T T HRP20210378T T HR P20210378TT HR P20210378 T HRP20210378 T HR P20210378T HR P20210378 T1 HRP20210378 T1 HR P20210378T1
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Croatia
Prior art keywords
solid waste
mixed
mixed solid
process vessel
waste
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Application number
HRP20210378TT
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Croatian (hr)
Inventor
Bjornulf WHITE
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Ecogensus, Llc
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Publication of HRP20210378T1 publication Critical patent/HRP20210378T1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
    • C10B27/06—Conduit details, e.g. valves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
    • C08J2300/30—Polymeric waste or recycled polymer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0909—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/46—Compressors or pumps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C10L2290/544—Extraction for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/56—Specific details of the apparatus for preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/58—Control or regulation of the fuel preparation of upgrading process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/60—Measuring or analysing fractions, components or impurities or process conditions during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/406—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on plastic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Postupak za proizvodnju sastava krutog goriva iz miješanog krutog otpada bez stvaranja sintetskog plina, te postupak obuhvaća: zagrijavanje miješanog krutog otpada, koji sadrži između oko 5 mas. % i oko 60 mas. % miješane plastike, unutar procesne posude do temperature ne veće od oko 110 °C radi razdvajanja miješanog krutog otpada na osušeni miješani kruti otpad i isparene spojeve; uklanjanje isparenih spojeva iz procesne posude; zagrijavanje i miješanje osušenog miješanog krutog otpada na najmanje 160 °C i ispod atmosferskog tlaka kako bi nastao zagrijani miješani kruti otpad koji sadrži rastopljenu miješanu plastiku; ekstrudiranje miješanog krutog otpada zagrijanog na od oko 100 °C do oko 260 °C da se dobije ekstrudirani miješani kruti otpad; i hlađenje ekstrudiranog miješanog krutog otpada na manje od oko 65 °C da bi se dobio sastav krutog goriva, koje ima energetski sadržaj u rasponu između oko 18,608 kJ/kg (8,000 BTU/lb.) i oko 32,564 kJ/kg (14,000 BTU/lb.), gustoću u rasponu od između oko 481 kg/m3 (30 lb./ft3) i oko 1282 kg/m3 (80 lb./ft3), te sadržaj vode od manje od oko 1 mas. %.1. The procedure for the production of solid fuel composition from mixed solid waste without the formation of synthetic gas, and the procedure includes: heating mixed solid waste, which contains between about 5 wt. % and about 60 wt. % mixed plastic, inside the process vessel to a temperature not exceeding about 110 °C to separate mixed solid waste into dried mixed solid waste and vaporized compounds; removal of vaporized compounds from the process vessel; heating and mixing the dried mixed solid waste to at least 160 °C and below atmospheric pressure to produce a heated mixed solid waste containing molten mixed plastic; extruding the mixed solid waste heated to from about 100 °C to about 260 °C to obtain an extruded mixed solid waste; and cooling the extruded mixed solid waste to less than about 65 °C to obtain a solid fuel composition having an energy content ranging between about 18,608 kJ/kg (8,000 BTU/lb.) and about 32,564 kJ/kg (14,000 BTU/lb .), a density in the range of between about 481 kg/m3 (30 lb./ft3) and about 1282 kg/m3 (80 lb./ft3), and a water content of less than about 1 wt. %. 2. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što miješani kruti otpad obuhvaća komunalni kruti otpad i poljoprivredni otpad.2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixed solid waste includes municipal solid waste and agricultural waste. 3. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 2, naznačen time što nadalje obuhvaća analizu miješanog krutog otpada radi nezapaljivog krutog otpada i, ako postoji, uklanjanje nezapaljivog krutog otpada.3. The method according to patent claim 2, characterized in that it further includes the analysis of mixed solid waste for non-combustible solid waste and, if any, the removal of non-combustible solid waste. 4. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 3, naznačen time što je miješani kruti otpad u biti bez nezapaljivog metalnog otpada.4. The process according to patent claim 3, characterized in that the mixed solid waste is essentially free of non-combustible metal waste. 5. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 2, naznačen time što nadalje obuhvaća analizu miješanog krutog otpada radi udjela miješane plastike i, ako je potrebno, podešavanje količine miješane plastike u miješanom krutom otpadu na između oko 5 mas. % i oko 60 mas. %5. The method according to patent claim 2, characterized in that it further includes the analysis of mixed solid waste for the proportion of mixed plastic and, if necessary, adjusting the amount of mixed plastic in the mixed solid waste to between about 5 wt. % and about 60 wt. % 6. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što miješana plastika sadrži jednu ili više plastika odabranih iz skupine koja se sastoji od poliestera, polietilen tereftalata, polietilena, polivinil klorida, poliviniliden klorida, polipropilena, polistirena, poliamida, akrilonitril butadien stirena, polietilen/akrilonitril butadien stirena, polikarbonata, polikarbonat/akrilonitril butadien stirena, poliuretana, maleimid/bismaleimida, melamin formaldehida, fenol formaldehida, poliepoksida, polietereterketona, polieterimida, poliimida, polimliječne kiseline, polimetil metakrilata, politetrafluoretilena, i urea-formaldehida.6. The method according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the mixed plastic contains one or more plastics selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyethylene/ acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polycarbonate, polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyurethane, maleimide/bismaleimide, melamine formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde, polyepoxide, polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, polyimide, polylactic acid, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, and urea-formaldehyde. 7. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 6, naznačen time što miješana plastika sadrži polivinil klorid, poliviniliden klorid i njihove kombinacije, a osušeni kruti otpad se zagrijava na najmanje oko 190 °C.7. The process according to patent claim 6, characterized in that the mixed plastic contains polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride and their combinations, and the dried solid waste is heated to at least about 190 °C. 8. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što se miješani kruti otpad sastoji od oko 5 mas. % do oko 35 mas. % miješane plastike.8. The process according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the mixed solid waste consists of about 5 wt. % up to about 35 wt. % mixed plastic. 9. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što materijal obuhvaća: od oko 40 mas. % do oko 80 mas. % ugljika; od oko 5 mas. % do oko 20 mas. % vodika; od oko 5 mas. % do oko 20 mas. % kisika; manje od oko 2 mas. % sumpora; i manje od oko 2 mas. % klora.9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material includes: of about 40 wt. % to about 80 wt. % carbon; of about 5 wt. % to about 20 wt. % of hydrogen; of about 5 wt. % to about 20 wt. % oxygen; less than about 2 wt. % sulfur; and less than about 2 wt. % chlorine. 10. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što procesna posuda sadrži jednu ili više zagrijanih stjenki održavanih na temperaturi stjenke od najmanje oko 190 °C, miješalicu u unutarnjem volumenu procesne posude i operativno povezanu s procesnom posudom, ekstrudirajući element koji prolazi kroz prvi otvor u procesnoj posudi, i vakuumski priključak koji prolazi kroz drugi otvor u procesnoj posudi; pri čemu je procesna posuda preko vakuumskog priključka pričvršćena na vakuumski sustav koji sadrži vakuumsku pumpu.10. The method according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the process vessel contains one or more heated walls maintained at a wall temperature of at least about 190 °C, a mixer in the internal volume of the process vessel and operatively connected to the process vessel, an extruding element that passes through the first opening in the process vessel, and a vacuum connection passing through another opening in the process vessel; whereby the process vessel is attached via a vacuum connection to a vacuum system containing a vacuum pump. 11. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 10, naznačen time što vakuumski sustav sadrži kondenzator koji sadrži gornji priključak, donji priključak ispod gornjeg priključka, bazen za kondenzat ispod donjeg priključka, i odvod u bazenu za kondenzat, te je kondenzator operativno spojen na vakuumski priključak procesne posude preko gornjeg priključka kondenzatora, te je kondenzator operativno spojen na vakuumsku pumpu preko donjeg priključka kondenzatora.11. The method according to patent claim 10, characterized in that the vacuum system contains a condenser containing an upper connection, a lower connection below the upper connection, a condensate basin below the lower connection, and a drain in the condensate basin, and the condenser is operatively connected to the vacuum connection of the process vessel via the upper connection of the condenser, and the condenser is operatively connected to the vacuum pump via the lower connection of the condenser. 12. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 11, naznačen time što vakuumska pumpa uklanja isparene spojeve putem vakuumskog priključka, te ispareni spojevi sadrže vodenu paru, hlapljive organske spojeve, klorirane organske spojeve, plinoviti klor i bilo koju njihovu kombinaciju.12. The method according to patent claim 11, characterized in that the vacuum pump removes vaporized compounds via a vacuum connection, and the vaporized compounds contain water vapor, volatile organic compounds, chlorinated organic compounds, gaseous chlorine and any combination thereof. 13. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što nadalje sadrži usitnjavanje miješanog krutog otpada na komade koji imaju maksimalnu dimenziju ili maksimalni promjer od oko 5,08 cm (dva inča) prije uvođenja miješanog krutog otpada u procesnu posudu.13. The process of claim 1, further comprising comminuting the mixed solid waste into pieces having a maximum dimension or maximum diameter of about 5.08 cm (two inches) prior to introducing the mixed solid waste into the process vessel. 14. Postupak prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što nadalje sadrži: analiziranje miješanog krutog otpada radi nezapaljivog krutog otpada i, ako postoji, uklanjanje nezapaljivog krutog otpada; analiziranje miješanog krutog otpada radi sadržaja miješane plastike i, ako je potrebno, podešavanje količine miješane plastike u miješanom krutom otpadu na između oko 5 mas. % i oko 60 mas. %; usitnjavanje miješanog krutog otpada radi smanjenja veličina čestica jednakih ili manjih od ostalih pojedinačnih dijelova unutar miješanog krutog otpada; uvođenje miješanog krutog otpada u procesnu posudu, koja sadrži jednu ili više zagrijanih stjenki održavanih na temperaturi stjenke između oko 190 °C i oko 260 °C, miješalicu koja je operativno povezana s procesnom posudom, ekstrudirajući element koji prolazi kroz prvi otvor u procesnoj posudi, i vakuumski priključak koji prolazi kroz drugi otvor u procesnoj posudi.14. The method according to patent claim 1, characterized in that it further contains: analyzing mixed solid waste for non-combustible solid waste and, if present, removing non-combustible solid waste; analyzing the mixed solid waste for the content of mixed plastic and, if necessary, adjusting the amount of mixed plastic in the mixed solid waste to between about 5 wt. % and about 60 wt. %; comminution of mixed solid waste to reduce particle sizes equal to or smaller than other individual parts within the mixed solid waste; introducing the mixed solid waste into the process vessel, which contains one or more heated walls maintained at a wall temperature between about 190 °C and about 260 °C, an agitator operatively connected to the process vessel, an extruding element passing through a first opening in the process vessel, and a vacuum connection that passes through another port in the process vessel.
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