HRP20201562A1

HRP20201562A1 - Electricity generation with compressed air turbine

Info

Publication number: HRP20201562A1
Application number: HRP20201562AA
Authority: HR
Inventors: Jasmin Nožinović
Original assignee: Jasmin Nožinović
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2022-04-01

Abstract

Izum se odnosi na proizvodnju električne energije sa zračnom turbinom pogonjenom komprimiranim zrakom koji je dobiven iz okoliša. To se postiže pomoću kompresora s tri rotora, trostepenog radijalnog kompresora koji usisava zrak iz okoliša, zatim kompresor tlači zrak kroz tri faze do tlaka od 20 do 40 bara, s međuhlađenjem vodom između faza, tako visoki tlak zraka ulazi u zračnu turbinu, tu stlačeni zrak ekspandira širenjem, čime okreće turbine do velikih brzina okretaja i tada zrak odlazi u atmosferu, a turbina preko osovine i reduktora okreće rotor generatora, pri čimu se dobije 1600 kW snage električne energije, od čega je 200 kW utrošeno za pogon kompresora.The invention relates to the production of electricity with an air turbine driven by compressed air obtained from the environment. This is achieved with the aid of a compressor with three rotors, three-stage radial compressor suctioning in the air from the environment, then the compressor presses the air through three phases to a pressure of 20 to 40 bar, with water intercooling between phases, so high air pressure enters the air turbine, where the compressed air expands by expansion, turning the turbines to high speeds and then the air goes into the atmosphere, and the turbine via shaft and reduction gears rotates the generator rotor, producing 1600 kW of power, of which 200 kW is used to drive the compressor.The invention relates to the production of electricity with an air turbine driven by compressed air obtained from the environment. three phases to a pressure of 20 to 40 bar, with intercooled water between phases, so high air pressure enters the air turbine, where the compressed air expands by expansion, turning the turbines to high speeds and then the air goes into the atmosphere and the turbine via shaft and The gearbox rotates the generator rotor, producing 1600 kW of electricity, of which 200 kW is used to drive the compressor. The invention relates to the production of electricity with an air turbine driven by compressed air obtained from the environment. This is achieved with the aid of a compressor with three rotors, three-stage radial compressor suctioning in the air from the environment, then the compressor presses the air throug h three phases to a pressure of 20 to 40 bar, with water intercooling between phases, so high air pressure enters the air turbine, where the compressed air expands by expansion, turning the turbines to high speeds and then the air goes into the atmosphere, and the turbine via shaft and reduction gears rotates the generator rotor, producing 1600 kW of power, of which 200 kW is used to drive the compressor.

Description

Područje u koje spada izum The field to which the invention belongs

Izum spada u ekološki prihvatljivu proizvodnju električne energije, naime postupak rada generatora za napajanje električnom energijom stanovništva, kod brodova za pogon generatora i glavne propulzije, te za električni pogon u drugim granama industrije. The invention belongs to the ecologically acceptable production of electricity, namely the process of operation of generators for supplying electricity to the population, in ships to drive generators and main propulsion, and for electric drive in other branches of industry.

Tehnički problem i stanje tehnike Technical problem and state of the art

Današnja proizvodnja električne energije temelji se na dizel-generatorima, zatim postoje plinske i parne turbine koje trebaju energiju, toplinu ili neku drugu vrstu goriva. Today's electricity production is based on diesel generators, then there are gas and steam turbines that need energy, heat or some other type of fuel.

Tehnički problem koji se rješava ovim izumom je omogućavanje proizvodnje električne energije i pogonskog rada turbogeneratora pomoću komprimiranog zraka bez uporabe dodatnih štetnih goriva. The technical problem that is solved by this invention is enabling the production of electricity and the drive operation of a turbogenerator using compressed air without the use of additional harmful fuels.

Također se rješava dosadašnja propulzija broda koja se temelji na dizel-motorima i dizel-generatorima na pogonsko gorivo. To su motori s puno dijelova kao što su klipovi, glavčine motora, cilindri, radilice te s većim brojem sustava hlađenja, podmazivanja, pripremanja goriva: separatori, tankovi, pumpe za ulje, vodu itd. Potrošnja je velika, potrebno je puno pomoćnih strojeva, puno goriva, ulja i maziva. The previous propulsion of the ship, which is based on diesel engines and diesel generators on fuel, is also being solved. These are engines with many parts such as pistons, engine hubs, cylinders, crankshafts and with a large number of cooling, lubrication, fuel preparation systems: separators, tanks, oil, water pumps, etc. Consumption is high, a lot of auxiliary machines are needed, a lot of fuel, oil and lubricants.

Klimatizacijski kompresor je posebno veliki potrošač električne energije i zauzima veliki dio strojarnice u brodostrojarstvu. The air conditioning compressor is a particularly large consumer of electricity and occupies a large part of the engine room in shipbuilding.

Navedene probleme u dobivanju električne energije za pogon i klimatizaciju u brodostrojarstvu, možemo riješiti pogonom komprimiranim zrakom kao radnim medijem, a prvenstveno sa zrakom koji je dobiven iz okoliša. The mentioned problems in obtaining electricity for propulsion and air conditioning in marine engineering can be solved by propulsion with compressed air as a working medium, primarily with air obtained from the environment.

Princip rada dizel-generatora na brodu sa zračnom turbinom pri upućivanju Principle of operation of a diesel-generator on a ship with an air turbine when commissioning

Na brodu se nalazi dizel-generator težine 10 tona koji za pokretanje ima zračnu turbinu. On board there is a diesel generator weighing 10 tons, which is powered by an air turbine.

Zračna turbina ima promjer rotora oko 10 cm i teška je oko 15 kg. The air turbine has a rotor diameter of about 10 cm and weighs about 15 kg.

Za pokretanje zračne turbine trebamo tlak zraka od 8 bara koji preko elektromagnetskog ventila dolazi na turbinu, tlak okreće turbinu do velikih okretaja. To start the air turbine, we need air pressure of 8 bar, which comes to the turbine via the electromagnetic valve, the pressure turns the turbine to high revolutions.

Turbina ima zupčanik koji se zahvaća u zamašnjak dizel-generatora, te kada se potpuno zahvati zupcima, tada se zavrti dizel-generator do 200-300 okretaja u nekoliko sekundi, sve dok se motor ne upali na gorivo. The turbine has a gear that engages in the flywheel of the diesel-generator, and when it is fully engaged with the teeth, the diesel-generator spins up to 200-300 revolutions in a few seconds, until the engine is ignited with fuel.

Motor pri 900 okretaja ili 60 Hz u minuti održava generatoru snagu od 1600 kw uz dodavanje goriva u motoru. The engine at 900 revolutions or 60 Hz per minute maintains the generator power of 1600 kw while adding fuel to the engine.

Princip rada s komprimiranim zrakom kao radnim medijem za proizvodnju električne energije prema izumu The principle of working with compressed air as a working medium for the production of electricity according to the invention

Postavi se kompresor zraka s tri rotora, od kojih je svaki rotor promjera 500 mm, s međuhlađenjem između radnih faza slatkom vodom pomoću pumpe. An air compressor with three rotors, of which each rotor has a diameter of 500 mm, is installed, with intercooling between the working stages with fresh water using a pump.

Za pogon kompresora služi elektromotor snage 200 kW. Kompresor usisava zrak iz okoliša, tlači ga kroz tri faze do tlaka od 20 do 40 bara. A 200 kW electric motor is used to drive the compressor. The compressor sucks air from the environment, compresses it through three stages to a pressure of 20 to 40 bar.

Tako visoki tlak zraka ulazi u zračnu turbinu čiji rotor ima promjer od 1 m i težinu od 100 kg. Such high air pressure enters the air turbine whose rotor has a diameter of 1 m and a weight of 100 kg.

Tlak zraka ekspandira širenjem, okreće turbinu do velike brzine okretaja i zrak potom odlazi u atmosferu. The air pressure expands by expanding, turning the turbine to a high speed of rotation and the air then goes into the atmosphere.

Turbina preko osovine i reduktora okreće rotor generatora čiji je rotor težine 4 tone, čime se tako dobije 1600 kW snage električne energije. The turbine turns the rotor of the generator, whose rotor weighs 4 tons, through the shaft and the reducer, thus obtaining 1600 kW of electrical power.

Reduktor služi za održavanje 900 okretaja ili 60 Hz u minuti u generatoru, jer su okretaji turbine veći od 900 okretaja u minuti. The reducer serves to maintain 900 revolutions or 60 Hz per minute in the generator, because the revolutions of the turbine are greater than 900 revolutions per minute.

Može se zaključiti da, tlak zraka od 8 bara iz boce sa komprimiranim zrakom, preko turbine od 15 kg zavrti dizel-generator od 10 tona koji se sastoji od motora od 6 tona i generatora od 4 tone, te snage 1600 kW koja dovede do 200 okretaja u nekoliko sekundi, a utroši se energija zraka iz boce od 8 bara, dok se dizel-generator ne upali na gorivo i time održava 900 okretaja ili 60 Hz u minuti. It can be concluded that an air pressure of 8 bar from a bottle with compressed air spins a 10-ton diesel-generator through a 15-kg turbine, consisting of a 6-ton engine and a 4-ton generator, with a power of 1,600 kW, which leads to 200 revolutions in a few seconds, and the energy of the air from the 8 bar bottle is consumed, until the diesel-generator is ignited with fuel and thus maintains 900 revolutions or 60 Hz per minute.

U slučaju radnog procesa prema izumu, radijalni trostepeni kompresor proizvodi tlak zraka od 20 do 40 bara konstantno i troši energiju elektromotora od 200 kW te pogoni turbinu koja okreće generator od 4 tone i snage 1600 kW. In the case of the work process according to the invention, the radial three-stage compressor produces an air pressure of 20 to 40 bar constantly and consumes the energy of an electric motor of 200 kW and drives a turbine that turns a 4-ton generator with a power of 1600 kW.

Naime, ako 8 bara tlaka zraka zavrti dizel-generator od 10 tona i snage 1600 kW do 200 okretaja u nekoliko sekundi, tada će i prema principu izuma kompresor snage elektromotora od 200 kW proizvoditi od 20 do 40 bara tlaka zraka za okretanje istog generatora iste snage (1600 kW) i dva puta manje težine (4 tone) do 900 okretaja u minuti, preko zračne turbine od 100 kg i reduktora od 1 tone i manje. Namely, if 8 bar of air pressure turns a 10-ton diesel generator with a power of 1600 kW up to 200 revolutions in a few seconds, then according to the principle of the invention, a compressor with an electric motor power of 200 kW will produce from 20 to 40 bar of air pressure to turn the same generator. of power (1600 kW) and twice the weight (4 tons) up to 900 revolutions per minute, via a 100 kg air turbine and a reducer of 1 ton and less.

Tako se dobije 1400 kW energije za rad od ukupno 1600 kW, jer je 200 kW utrošeno za pogon kompresora. Elektromotor se iz mirujućeg stanja pokreće s neke mreže sve dok generator ne upadne na mrežu i počne napajati elektromotor kompresora. Thus, 1400 kW of energy is obtained for a total of 1600 kW of work, because 200 kW was used to drive the compressor. The electric motor is started from a stationary state from a network until the generator enters the network and starts feeding the electric motor of the compressor.

To znači da dobivena energija iznosi 1400 kW, a utrošena energija je 200 kW. This means that the obtained energy is 1400 kW, and the consumed energy is 200 kW.

Kada se spoje turbogeneratori prema principu ovog izuma u primjeni u elektrani, može se dobiti MW snage električne energije za napajanje potreba potrošnje stanovništva, na brodu za pogon generatora i glavne propulzije, te isto tako za pogon strojeva u različitim drugim industrijama. When turbogenerators are connected according to the principle of the present invention in a power plant application, MW of electrical power can be obtained to supply the consumption needs of the population, on a ship to drive generators and main propulsion, and also to drive machinery in various other industries.

Popis slika List of images

Slika 1 – shematski prikaz postupka rada zračne turbine kao startera na brodu Figure 1 – schematic representation of the operation procedure of the air turbine as a starter on board

Slika 2 - skica ulaska zraka na rotor i nakon postupka izlaz zraka u atmosferu Figure 2 - sketch of the air entering the rotor and the air exiting the atmosphere after the procedure

Slika 3 – shematski prikaz postupka sa zračnom turbinom za dobivanje električne energije prema izumu Figure 3 – schematic representation of the procedure with an air turbine for obtaining electricity according to the invention

Claims

1. Working procedure for obtaining electricity with compressed air from the environment as a working medium for driving the generator, indicated by the installation of a compressor with three rotors, a three-stage radial compressor that sucks air from the environment, then the compressor compresses the air through three phases to a pressure of 20 to 40 bar, such a high air pressure enters the air turbine, where the compressed air expands by expansion, which turns the turbines to high revolution speeds and then the air goes into the atmosphere, and the turbine turns the rotor of the generator via the shaft and reducer, which gives 1600 kW of power electricity.

2. Work procedure for obtaining electricity according to patent claim 1, characterized in that each compressor rotor has a diameter of 500 mm, and in that said rotors are cooled by intercooling between phases of operation with fresh water using a pump.

3. Working procedure for obtaining electrical energy according to patent claim 1 or 2, indicated by the fact that a 200 kW electric motor is used to drive the compressor, which means that 200 kW of the total obtained 1600 kW of energy is consumed, leaving the obtained energy of 1400 kW.

4. The working procedure for obtaining electricity according to any of the patent claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the diameter of the turbine rotor is 1 m, and the weight of the turbine rotor is 100 kg, while the generator rotor weighs 4 tons.

5. Operating procedure for obtaining electricity according to any of the patent claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reducer weighing up to one ton serves to maintain 900 revolutions or 60 Hz per minute in the generator, because the revolutions of the turbine are greater than 900 revolutions per minute.

6. Application of the procedure for obtaining electrical energy according to any of the patent claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the mentioned turbogenerators can be connected in parallel in the power plant, to obtain MW power of electrical energy for the purpose of supplying the needs of the population, on the ship to drive the generator and the main propulsion and also in other industries.