HRP20181243A2 - Supplementary matherial for cement and concrete - Google Patents
Supplementary matherial for cement and concrete Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- HRP20181243A2 HRP20181243A2 HRP20181243AA HRP20181243A HRP20181243A2 HR P20181243 A2 HRP20181243 A2 HR P20181243A2 HR P20181243A A HRP20181243A A HR P20181243AA HR P20181243 A HRP20181243 A HR P20181243A HR P20181243 A2 HRP20181243 A2 HR P20181243A2
- Authority
- HR
- Croatia
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- concrete
- fly ash
- alkali
- proportion
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004597 plastic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Ovaj izum otkriva upotrebu materijala koji se dodaje cementu ili betonu, a koji je sastavljen od fluidnog letećeg pepela, koji sadrži, po masi 6% do 26% CaO i 26% do 46% SiO2, dok ostatak čine drugi sporedni sastojci, naznačen time da se fluidni leteći pepeo spreja s otopinom amonijaka i/ili uree, a rezultat je udio alkala kao što je Na2O i/ili K2O u rasponu između 0.2% do 0.5%, kao komponenta u cementu ili betonu.The present invention discloses the use of material to be added to cement or concrete consisting of a fluid fly ash comprising by weight 6% to 26% CaO and 26% to 46% SiO2, while the remainder comprises other secondary components, wherein the fluid fly ash is sprayed with a solution of ammonia and/or urea and the result is the proportion of alkali such as Na2O and/or K2O ranging from 0.2% to 0.5% as a component in cement or concrete.The present invention discloses the use of a material added to cement or concrete composed of fluid fly ash, containing, by weight, 6% to 26% CaO and 26% to 46% SiO2, the remainder being other minor constituents fluid fly ash spray with a solution of ammonia and / or urea, resulting in a proportion of alkali such as Na2O and / or K2O in the range of 0.2% to 0.5%, as a component in cement or concrete. to be added to cement or concrete containing fluid fly ash containing by weight 6% to 26% CaO and 26% to 46% SiO2, while the remainder contains other secondary components, the fluid fly ash being sprayed with ammonia solution and / or urea and the result is the proportion of alkali such as Na2O and / or K2O ranging from 0.2% to 0.5% as a component in cement or concrete.
Description
Područje izuma Field of invention
Ovaj izum odnosi se na materijal koji se dodaje cementu i betonu, koji se također može koristiti za proizvodnju klinkera i raznih drugih mješavina za potrebe građevinarstva. This invention relates to a material added to cement and concrete, which can also be used to produce clinker and various other mixtures for construction purposes.
Stanje tehnike State of the art
Da bi se uštedile sirovine, danas je uobičajena praksa dodati cementu i betonu materijale, kao što je granulirana zgura visoke peći, prirodni pucolan, aktivirani pucolan, silikatni leteći pepeo, kalcijumski leteći pepeo, portland klinker, kalcijev sulfat, sagoreni škriljevac, krečnjak, silikatna prašina ili anorganske komponentne koje su nusprodukt pri proizvodnji klinkera. In order to save raw materials, it is common practice today to add materials to cement and concrete, such as granulated blast furnace slag, natural pozzolan, activated pozzolan, silicate fly ash, calcium fly ash, Portland clinker, calcium sulfate, burnt slate, limestone, silicate dust or inorganic components that are a byproduct of clinker production.
Ove materijale je jako teško pribaviti jer svaki materijal mora zadovoljiti određene kriterije. Njihova proizvodnja iziskuje ogromne količine energije, jer moraju biti mljeveni i dodatno obrađeni ili ekstrahirani. Zbog toga upotreba ovih materijala nije jeftina, unatoč činjenici da djelomično zamjenjuju upotrebu portland klinkera. These materials are very difficult to obtain because each material must meet certain criteria. Their production requires huge amounts of energy, because they have to be ground and additionally processed or extracted. Therefore, the use of these materials is not cheap, despite the fact that they partially replace the use of Portland clinker.
Uz to što su relativno skupi i nisu Iako dostupni, drugi nedostatak materijala kao što je silikatna prašina je taj da je nakon denitrifikacije silikatna prašina onečišćena s NH3, zbog čega je njezina upotreba u cementu i betonu dodatno ograničena. In addition to being relatively expensive and not readily available, another disadvantage of materials such as silica dust is that after denitrification, silica dust is contaminated with NH3, which further limits its use in cement and concrete.
Izlaganje suštine izuma Presentation of the essence of the invention
Navedeni nedostaci su otklonjeni upotrebom dodatnog materijala za cement i beton prema ovom izumu, koji je sastavljen od fluidnog letećeg pepela, koji sadrži, po masi, 6% do 26% CaO i 26% do 46% SiO2, dok ostatak čine njegovi uobičajeni sporedni sastojci, koji fluidni leteći pepeo se spreja s otopinom amonijaka ili uree. Rezultat je udio alkala kao što je Na2O i K2O u rasponu između 0.2% do 0.5 % po masi. The mentioned disadvantages are eliminated by the use of additional material for cement and concrete according to this invention, which is composed of fluid fly ash, which contains, by mass, 6% to 26% CaO and 26% to 46% SiO2, while the rest is made up of its usual secondary ingredients , which fluid fly ash is sprayed with an ammonia or urea solution. The result is a proportion of alkali such as Na2O and K2O in the range between 0.2% to 0.5% by mass.
U stručnim publikacijama i tehničkim standardima spomenuti kalcijev oksid (CaO) i silicij (SiO2) često se označavaju kao aktivni oksidi jer, na primjer, CaO reagira s ureom i/ili amonijakom u fluidnom pepelu, neutralizira ga u postupku, što uklanja neželjene komponente iz materijala koji se dodaje cementu i betonu prema ovom izumu, čime se dobiva nizak udio alkala. U vezi s tim bitna je samo spomenuta donja granica CaO i SiO2 komponenti, jer sa sadržajem nižim od tog ne bi bilo moguće postići tako nizak udio alkala koji je potreban za materijal koji se dodaje cementu i betonu kako bi se povećala njegova otpornost. Stoga se materijal koji se dodaje cementu i betonu prema suštini ovog izuma također može koristiti u proizvodnji cementa s niskim udjelom alkala ili betona s niskim udjelom alkala. Također je bez mirisa, ne proizvodi negativne učinke kada reagira s vodom i količina amonijaka i/ili uree kojom se spreja fluidni leteći pepeo udovoljava zahtjevu da ne smije premašiti granice emisije NO2. In professional publications and technical standards, the mentioned calcium oxide (CaO) and silicon (SiO2) are often labeled as active oxides because, for example, CaO reacts with urea and/or ammonia in the fly ash, neutralizing it in the process, which removes unwanted components from material added to cement and concrete according to the present invention, which results in a low alkali content. In this regard, only the mentioned lower limit of the CaO and SiO2 components is important, because with a content lower than that, it would not be possible to achieve such a low proportion of alkali, which is required for the material added to cement and concrete in order to increase its resistance. Therefore, the material added to cement and concrete according to the present invention can also be used in the production of low-alkali cement or low-alkali concrete. It is also odorless, does not produce negative effects when it reacts with water and the amount of ammonia and/or urea with which the fluid fly ash is sprayed meets the requirement that it should not exceed the NO2 emission limits.
Drugi sporedni sastojci fluidnog letećeg pepela, u njihovom uobičajenom sadržaju, većinom ostali oksidi kao što je aluminij, željezni oksid i slično, nisu značajni u pogledu niskog sadržaja alkala u materijalu koji se dodaje cementu ili betonu prema ovom izumu. Uz to, ovaj dodatni sastojak može također sadržavati, po masi, naprimjer, 0.002% do 0.060% klorida i od 2% do 6% sumpora. Other minor constituents of the fluid fly ash, in their usual content, mostly other oxides such as aluminum, iron oxide and the like, are not significant in terms of the low alkali content of the material added to the cement or concrete of this invention. In addition, this additional ingredient may also contain, by weight, for example, 0.002% to 0.060% chloride and from 2% to 6% sulfur.
Povrh ostvarenja tako niskog udjela alkala u materijalu koji se dodaje cementu i betonu prema ovom izumu, ostale prednosti su niski troškovi proizvodnje i sukladnost s propisanim standardima. In addition to achieving such a low alkali content in the material added to cement and concrete according to this invention, other advantages are low production costs and compliance with prescribed standards.
Uz to, materijal koji se dodaje cementu i betonu prema suštini ovog izuma ima visoku finoću, gustoće volumena u rasponu od 0.70 to 1.20 Mg/m3, veličinu zrna od 0.63 do 0.125 mm i udio finih čestica u rasponu od 60 do 99.9%, po težini, gdje je nasipna gustoća 0.5 do 0.7 Mg/m3, a gubitak pri izgaranju 2 do 5%, po težini. In addition, the material added to cement and concrete according to the essence of this invention has a high fineness, volume density in the range of 0.70 to 1.20 Mg/m3, grain size of 0.63 to 0.125 mm and the proportion of fine particles in the range of 60 to 99.9%, by weight, where the bulk density is 0.5 to 0.7 Mg/m3, and the loss during combustion is 2 to 5%, by weight.
Prednost materijala koji se dodaje cementu i betonu prema ovom izumu je da ne sadrži nikakve organske nečistoće, udio prirodnih radiounuklida je u skladu s građevinskim propisima i podnosi se dobro s drugim mješavinama betona, plastičnim aditivima i slično. The advantage of the material added to cement and concrete according to this invention is that it does not contain any organic impurities, the proportion of natural radionuclides is in accordance with building regulations and is well tolerated with other concrete mixes, plastic additives and the like.
Primjere upotrebe izuma Examples of the use of the invention
Materijal koji se dodaje cementu i betonu u ovom primjeru upotrebe izrađen je od fluidnog letećeg pepela koji je proizveden izgaranjem pulveriziranog ugljena na temperaturi od oko 850 °C i sadrži, po težini, 10% kalcijevog oksida (CaO) i 30% silicija (SiO2), u ostatku sadrži svoje uobičajene sporedne sastojke. Fluidni leteći pepeo je pošprican s ureom a rezultat je udio Na2O alkala od 0.3 težinskih postotaka i udio K2O alkala od 0.4. težinskih postotaka. The material added to cement and concrete in this example of use is made from fluid fly ash which is produced by burning pulverized coal at a temperature of about 850 °C and contains, by weight, 10% calcium oxide (CaO) and 30% silicon (SiO2) , the rest contains its usual secondary ingredients. The fluid fly ash was sprayed with urea and the result was a proportion of Na2O alkali of 0.3 weight percent and a proportion of K2O alkali of 0.4. weight percentages.
U ispitivanju procjene, ovaj dodatni materijal je pomiješan u cement u količini od 15 težinskih postotaka u odnosu na masu CEM I 52.5 R cementa sa specifičnom površinom od 4100 cm2g-1, Dobiveni cement je pretvoren u kašu s W=0.5, koja je otvrdnula nakon 220 minuta. Mort pripremljen za ovaj cement, s cementom i pijeskom u omjeru 1:3 (standardni cement s glatkom granulometrijom), je formiran u blokove veličine 4x4x16 cm, pohranjen na 24 sata u okruženje sa zasićenom vodenom parom i tako ostavljen u vodi na 20 °C 28 dana. Nakon 48 sati blokovi su imali čvrstoću na tlak od 38.7 MPa i naprezanje na vlak od 6.4 MPa. Nakon 7 dana, čvrstoća na tlak dosegnula je s 52 MPa, a na vlak 8.4 MPa i nakon 28 dana, čvrstoća na tlak dosegnula je s 60.8 MPa a na vlak 8.8 MPa. In an evaluation test, this additional material was mixed into the cement in an amount of 15% by weight relative to the mass of CEM I 52.5 R cement with a specific surface area of 4100 cm2g-1. The obtained cement was converted into a slurry with W=0.5, which hardened after 220 minutes. The mortar prepared for this cement, with cement and sand in a ratio of 1:3 (standard cement with smooth granulometry), was formed into blocks of size 4x4x16 cm, stored for 24 hours in an environment with saturated water vapor and thus left in water at 20 °C 28 days. After 48 hours, the blocks had a compressive strength of 38.7 MPa and a tensile strength of 6.4 MPa. After 7 days, the compressive strength reached 52 MPa and the tensile strength reached 8.4 MPa and after 28 days, the compressive strength reached 60.8 MPa and the tensile strength reached 8.8 MPa.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CZ20173394 | 2017-08-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HRP20181243A2 true HRP20181243A2 (en) | 2019-08-23 |
Family
ID=67618488
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| HRP20181243AA HRP20181243A2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2018-08-03 | Supplementary matherial for cement and concrete |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| HR (1) | HRP20181243A2 (en) |
-
2018
- 2018-08-03 HR HRP20181243AA patent/HRP20181243A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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