HRP20130637A2 - Motor with permanent magnets - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric motor operating on the principle of converting the magnetic field energy of permanent magnets into useful motion. The motor uses a repulsive interaction force between two pairs of permanent magnets. The permanent magnet motor consists of: a stator (A), a rotor (B), a rocker (C) and a rocker control mechanism (F). The stator (A) comprises: a front panel (2), a back panel (3) and internal panels (4) that are secured to the carrier (1). The rotor (B) comprises: a main shaft (22) on which the plates (25) of the permanent magnet rotor (30) are fixed. One pair of permanent magnets is tightly coupled to the outer circumference of the rotor plate at a distance of 180o. One pair of seesaws (C) are positioned opposite each other between the inner stator plates. On the swingers there is a second pair of magnets (16) 180o apart. Turning the main shaft also rotates the camshafts (7) with the cams (8) that raise the rocker arms, whereby the magnets on the rocker arms are approximately perpendicular to the magnets rotating on the rotor plates. In this way, the force exerted by the force of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets on the rocker arms on the magnetic field of the permanent magnets on the rotor plates is transformed into a permanent circular motion of the main rotor shaft. The effect is to use the strongest repulsive force that can occur between two permanent magnets. Such force can be used as a power source for wide application. After starting the engine, it resumes operation without additional energy.

Description

The field of technology

The invention relates to an electric motor that works on the principle of converting the energy of the magnetic field of permanent magnets into useful motion.

According to the International Patent Classification (IPC), the invention belongs to area H - electrical engineering, subarea H02 - production, conversion of electrical energy, class H02N - electrical machines not provided elsewhere, group 11/00 - generators or motors not provided elsewhere, i.e. H02K 53 /00 which includes the alleged "perpetuum mobile" with magnetic means.

Technical problem

Today, in practical application, there are quite a few electric motors that use magnetic energy, but they are largely based on the principle of electro-magnetism. Such motors cannot, after starting, work without supplying additional energy from the outside. These devices use the repulsive forces of permanent magnets, which can achieve significant energy savings. The problem that remained unsolved is the motor, which after the initial start-up continues to run on its own, using only the energy of the permanent magnets. Although such a motor would work by itself, it would not be a perpetuum mobile, because the degree of utilization of magnetic energy would be much lower than 1.

The technical problem that is solved by this invention relates to the construction of a motor that will continue to work by itself after the initial start-up, using only the energy of permanent magnets. The magnetic field of a permanent magnet is a natural property of that material that is present even without the need to supply energy from an external source. By converting the force of this magnetic field into usable motion, it is possible to obtain a cheap and clean source of energy with a wide range of applications.

State of the art

As far as the author is aware, despite numerous attempts, there are no technical solutions that would economically convert the energy of the magnetic field of a permanent magnet into usable motion.

Today, there are semi-permanent magnet motors that are not pure magnetic motors, but electromagnets are also used. A combination of permanent magnets on the rotor is usually used, and electromagnets are used as excitation magnets on the housing. These are the so-called brushless motors. There are also pure permanent motors that are mostly rotary, in which both the excitation magnets and the driven magnets are mostly fixed on the housing, that is, the rotor. However, all previous attempts have not resulted in commercial use.

The essence of invention

The essence of the invention is a motor with permanent magnets in which the energy of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets is converted into usable rotor motion. A permanent magnet motor has a stator, a rotor, rocker arms and a rocker arm control mechanism. All parts are placed in a common housing.

A permanent magnet motor is a linear-rotational magnetic motor that uses the repulsive interaction force between two pairs of permanent magnets. At least one rotor plate is fixed on the rotor shaft, which rotates between the stator plates. One pair of permanent magnets is fixed, at an angle of 180o, on the outer rim of each rotor plate. The motor has at least one stator plate on which, at an angle of 180o, a pair of linearly moving rockers with permanent magnets is fixed. As the rotor rotates, the excitation magnets on the rocker arms collide approximately perpendicularly with the magnets rotating on the rotor plates. In this way, the force with which the magnetic field of the permanent magnets from the rockers acts on the magnetic field of the permanent magnets on the rotor plates is converted into a circular motion of the rotor. The effect of this is to use the strongest possible repulsive force that can occur between two permanent magnets.

A short list of images

Figure 1 shows a permanent magnet motor from a perspective - left side

Figure 2 shows the motor with permanent magnets from a perspective - side right

Figure 3 shows a motor with permanent magnets - from the front

Figure 4 shows the engine from Figure 3. – lateral left

Figure 5 shows the engine from Figure 3. – lateral right

Figure 6 shows the permanent magnet motor without the cover - from the front

Figure 7 shows the engine from Figure 6. - from above

Figure 8 shows an enlarged detail of the E engine from Figure 6.

Figure 9 shows the engine without the cover with a view of the inner stator plate and rocker control mechanism - perspective

Figure 10 shows part of the motor with a view of the inner stator plate and permanent magnet rockers without the rotor plate - perspective

Figure 11 shows detail D from Figure 10.

Figure 12 shows a section of the motor with a view of the stator plate with the permanent magnet rockers raised above the rotor permanent magnets - perspective

Figure 13 shows a part of the engine from Figure 12. at the moment of rejection of the permanent magnets of the stator from the permanent magnets of the rotor - from a perspective

Figure 14 shows rocker arm C - from the front perspective

Figure 15 shows the rocker C from Figure 14. - from the rear perspective

Figure 16 shows the camshaft - from a perspective

Figure 17 shows a detail of the G position of the poles of the permanent magnets from Figure 13.

Figure 18 shows the rotor plate with permanent magnet supports - from a perspective

Figure 19 shows a permanent magnet - from a perspective

Figure 20 shows a rotor with plates and permanent magnets - from a perspective

Figure 21.a), b), c), d), e), f) show the phases of rotor rotation during one 360o turn

Description of one of the methods of execution and functioning of the invention

The basis of the invention is the conversion of the energy of the magnetic field of permanent magnets into circular motion of the main shaft. The magnetic field of the permanent magnets on the rockers and the permanent magnets on the rotor plates interact with each other so that the main rotor shaft moves constantly in the same direction. In this way, the energy of the magnetic field is converted into circular motion, i.e. into mechanical energy on the main shaft of the motor, which can be used as a source of energy for a wide range of applications.

The permanent magnet motor consists of: stator A, rocker mechanism F, rockers C and rotor B.

Permanent magnet motor designs, according to this invention, with one or more inner stator plates, one or more rotor plates and one or more rocker pairs, one or more rocker control mechanisms are possible.

This description relates to an embodiment of a permanent magnet motor having a stator with six inner plates, having one pair of rockers between the inner stator plates, having one permanent magnet on each rocker, having one rocker control mechanism, having a rotor with six plate, which has two permanent magnets on each rotor plate.

Stator A

Stator A, Fig. 6. and 7th, includes: motor support 1, front plate 2, rear plate 3, inner plates 4, threaded rods 5, spacers 6 and cover 21 of the motor. The front plate 2, inner plates 4 and rear plate 3 are placed on the motor support 1. Between the plates are placed a pair of rockers and a rotor plate. The outer and inner plates are connected by threaded rods 5. Spacers 6 are placed on the threaded rods, between the plates, which ensure the given distance between the plates. Between the back plate 3 and the first inner plate 4 next to it, Fig.8. and 9., the mechanism F for controlling the rockers is located. Between the inner plates 4, Fig.6. and 12., each has a pair of rocker arms C.

Mechanism F for rocker control

Mechanism F for rocker arm control, Fig. 9, includes: camshafts 7, camshaft sprockets 10, chains 12, chain tensioners 13 and bearings 9. On each camshaft 7, Fig. 16, there are six cams 8. The cam shafts 7, Fig. 9, pass through all the inner plates 4 of the stator and turn in the bearings 9 in the front plate 2 and the back plate 3 of the stator, Fig. 7. The tensioners 13 of the chains rotate in the back plate 3. The cams 8, on the camshaft 7, are mutually phase-rotated by 60o, which is twice as much as the rotor plates B. This is because the body 15, with the permanent magnet 16, of the rocker arm C, acts on both permanent magnets 30 on the plate 25 of the rotor. For one revolution of the rotor plate, the body of one rocker makes two lifts and falls.

The mechanism F for controlling the rocker arms works so that when the engine is started, by turning the flywheel 23, the main shaft 22 of the rotor B, on which the drive sprocket 24 is located, turns. The drive sprocket turns the chains 12. The chains turn the sprockets 10 on the camshafts 7. At the same time, the cams 8 raise, via rollers 18, Fig. 14, rocker bodies 15, which rotate around axles 17, Fig. 12. and 13. Springs 14, Fig. 10. and 11., after passing hill 8, they return the body of the rocker to its initial position.

Rockers C

Rocker C, Fig. 14. and 15., includes: rocker body 15, holder 20 of permanent magnet 16, permanent magnet 16, shaft 17, roller 18, return spring 14 and holder 19 of the spring. At one end of the rocker body 15, there is a holder 20 with a permanent magnet 16, and at the other end of the rocker body there is an opening 15a, a roller 18 and a holder 19 for the spring 14. The rocker body 15 is bent in a slight arc so that it follows the outer edge of the plate 25 rotor. The rocker body rotates, independently of each other, around axis 17, Fig. 12. and 13., which passes through the opening 15a on the body of the rocker. Shaft 17 passes through all inner plates 4 of the stator, Fig.9. One pair of rockers is placed, according to Fig. 10, 12 and 13, between the inner plates 4 on the stator, so that one rocker is opposite the other. The lifting of the rockers is performed by the camshafts 7 via the cams 8. The return of the rockers to the initial position is performed by the springs 14, which are placed between the body 15 of the rocker and the inner plate 4 of the stator, Fig. 11. and detail D from Fig. 10.

Rotor B

Rotor B, according to Fig. 20, includes: main shaft 22, main shaft bearings 11, rotor plates 25, hubs 26, conical clamping shells 27, screws 28. The drive sprocket 24 and flywheel 23 with pulley 31 are part of the rotor. Fig. 1. and 6. On one side of each plate 25 of the rotor, Fig. 18, supports 29 for permanent magnets 30 of the rotor are fixed, Fig. 19. The main shaft of the rotor rotates in bearings 11 which are fixed on the outer surfaces of the front plate 2 and the back plate 3 of the stator. The 29 magnet supports are fixed closer to the outer rim, facing each other, at an angle of 180o. On the main shaft 22, Fig. 20., six rotor plates 25 are mounted, mutually phase-shifted relative to each other by 30o. In this way, with six rotor plates, with two permanent magnets each, a full circle of 360 degrees was closed. A space is left between the rotor plates, which enables the smooth passage of the rocker body 15 during the rotation of the main shaft. The rotor plates are fixed to the main shaft by means of a conical clamping shell 27 and screws 28.

Mode of operation of the invention

The motor with permanent magnets works on the principle of repulsive force between permanent magnets 30, on plates 25 of rotor B, and permanent magnets 16, on bodies 15 of rockers C. At the same time, two rockers with permanent magnets act on one rotor plate with two permanent magnets. One rocker arm acts on the upper side of the rotor plate, and the other on the lower side of the rotor plate. After the action of the repulsive force between the permanent magnets 16 and 30, one pair of rockers and one rotor plate, the rotor rotates, and after that, when the rotor rotates by 30 degrees, the action of repulsive forces occurs again between the magnets on the next rotor plate and the next pair rocker, and so on until all rockers and rotor plates are made. After that, the first rotor plate and the first pair of rockers come into play again.

Due to the action of the camshaft 7, the rocker body C is rotated around the axis 17, that is, the rocker body 15 is raised and lowered by several degrees. The raising and lowering of the rocker body is performed because the permanent magnet 16 on the rocker body approaches the permanent magnet 30 on the rotor plate 25 from the front. For this reason, it is necessary to raise the rocker body when the permanent magnet on the rotor plate approaches again from the opposite side of the permanent magnet on the seesaw. Immediately after the permanent magnet on the rotor plate passes under the magnet on the rocker body, the lowering of the rocker body begins. The lowering takes place almost instantaneously so that the permanent magnet located on the rocker body can come very close to the permanent magnet on the rotor plate, with the frontal surface. At the same time, repulsive forces occur between permanent magnets of the same polarity. The raising and lowering of the rocker body takes place at a precise moment, which is controlled by the cams 8 on the camshafts.

The permanent magnet engine has two camshafts 7 with six cams 8 each. Each cam controls the raising and lowering of one rocker arm C. The cams on the camshafts are arranged to allow for accurate interaction between the rocker arms and the rotor plates.

To start the camshafts, the mechanical energy of the engine itself is used, that is, the torque of the main shaft 22 of the rotor B is used, which is transmitted to the camshafts via the drive sprocket 24 and the chains 12.

Fig. 21.a), b), c), d), e), f) show, in section, the phases of rotation of rotor B during one 360o turn.

Fig. 21.a) shows the phase in which the rocker bodies C are in a lowered position, where a repulsive force occurs between two pairs of permanent magnets 16 on the rocker body and permanent magnets 30 on the rotor plates B, which causes the rotor to move in the direction of the arrow r. On Fig. 17. partial section G from Fig. 13 is shown. which shows a pair of permanent magnets 16 from the body of the rocker and permanent magnets 30 of the rotor plate, whose poles S of the same name are facing each other, as a result of which there is a repulsive force between them.

Fig. 21.b) shows the phase in which the rotor plate B is moved in relation to the one from the previous picture by 30o and moves in the indicated direction r. The rocker bodies C remain in the lowered position.

Fig. 21.c) shows the phase in which the rotor plate B is moved in relation to the one from the previous picture by 30o and moves in the indicated direction r. The rocker bodies C remain in the lowered position.

Fig. 21.d) shows the phase in which the rotor plate B is moved in relation to the one from the previous picture by 30o and moves in the indicated direction r. The rocker bodies C remain in the lowered position, but at that moment on the roller 18 on the rocker body C meets the cam 8 of the camshaft 7 and starts lifting the rocker body in the y direction.

Fig. 21.e) shows the phase in which the rotor plate B is moved in relation to the one from the previous picture by 30o and moves in the indicated direction r. The rocker bodies C are raised to half their final height in the y direction.

Fig. 21.f) shows the phase in which the rotor plate B is moved in relation to the one from the previous picture by 30o and moves in the indicated direction r. The rocker bodies C are maximally raised in the y direction and enable the smooth passage of the rotor plate 25 with magnets 30 under the magnet 16 on the rocker bodies. After that, the rotation procedure starts again as in Fig. 21.a).

To start the motor with permanent magnets, an initial momentum is required, which is obtained through the flywheel 23. The flywheel is mounted on the main shaft 22 of the rotor and has one pulley 31 with a slot for the rope. After the initial pulling of the rope, which is wound on the pulley, the engine starts. Once the motor is started, it continues to run using only the energy of the permanent magnets.

Another great advantage of this invention is that the mechanism that controls the excitation magnets is self-excited, which means that it uses its own energy, so there are no additional sources of energy once this motor is started.

LIST OF LETTER AND NUMERICAL REFERENCES IN THE DESCRIPTION AND PICTURES

A – stator

1 – engine mount

2 – stator front panel

3 – back plate of the stator

4 – internal plates of the stator

5 – threaded rod

6 – spacers

21 – engine cover

F – rocker control mechanism

7 – camshafts

8 – hills

9 – camshaft bearings

10 – camshaft sprockets

12 – chains

13 – chain tensioners

C – rockers

14 – return springs

15 – rocker body

15a – opening on the body of the rocker

16 – permanent magnets of rockers

17 – rocker shafts

18 – rollers

19 – holders of return springs on rockers

20 – holders of permanent magnets on rockers

B – rotor

22 – main shaft

11 – main shaft bearings

23 – flywheel

24 – drive sprocket

25 – rotor plates

26 – rotor plate hub

27 – conical clamping shell

28 – screws for clamping the shells

29 – magnet supports on the rotor plate

30 – permanent magnets of the rotor

31 – pulley

D – enlarged detail from Fig. 10.

E – enlarged detail from Fig. 6.

G – enlarged detail from Fig. 13.

S and N – magnetic poles

r – direction of rotation of the rotor

y – direction of rocker lift

Application of the invention

The possible application of this invention is very wide in all branches of industry. The mechanical energy generated by the motor with permanent magnets can be directly used to drive various machines, vehicles and vessels. The motor with permanent magnets is primarily intended as a driver of a direct current or alternating current generator, and as such it can also be used as a driver of a generator to drive an electric car or any other machine that uses an electric motor as the main drive.

Light non-magnetic materials should be used for the manufacture of individual parts of motors with permanent magnets. Due to the maximum utilization of permanent magnets, it is necessary to reduce the mass of all moving parts of the engine as much as possible, which includes light non-magnetic metals such as aluminum and titanium, but also plastics such as polyamide, polyethylene and others.

Claims (7)

1. A permanent magnet motor, which uses the repulsive interaction force between permanent magnets to produce torque, characterized in that it comprises a stator (A), a rotor (B), rockers (C), a mechanism (F) for controlling the rockers and a flywheel ( 23) with the pulley (31) for the initial start of the engine; that the stator (A) includes the front plate (2), the back plate (3), the inner plates (4) of the stator; that the plates (2, 3 and 4) of the stator are placed at a distance that enables the body (15) of the rocker arm (C) to be lifted; that the stator plates are fixed vertically to the motor support (1); that the stator (A) has threaded rods (5) with spacers (6) that maintain the given distance between the stator plates; that the rotor (B) comprises the main shaft (22) with six rotor plates (25) which, at a given distance, are fixed vertically to the main shaft; that there are two permanent magnets (30) on each plate (25) of the rotor, that the main shaft of the rotor rotates in bearings (11) that are fixed on the outer surfaces of the front and back plates (2 and 3) of the stator; that the rockers (C) comprise the body (15), permanent magnet holders (20), permanent magnets (16) of the rocker, shafts (17) of the rocker, rollers (18), return springs (14) and holders (19) of the return springs; that each rocker (C) has one permanent magnet (16) on the body (15); that the rocker arm control mechanism (F) includes chains (12), camshafts (7) with cams (8), camshaft sprockets (10) and chain tensioners (13); that the camshafts (7) rotate in the bearings (9) in the front and rear plates (2 and 3) of the stator, that the rocker control mechanism (F) is located between the rear plate (3) and the inner plate (4) of the stator, that the main shaft (22), via the sprockets (24), chains (12) and sprockets (10) of the camshafts, rotates the camshafts (7), whereby the cams (8) raise the bodies (15) of the rockers with permanent magnets (16) so that the permanent magnets (16) on the body (15) of the rocker come in direct contact with the permanent magnets (30) on the plates (25) of the rotor, so that due to the same polarity the permanent magnets repel and thus permanently turn the main shaft (22) of the rotor (B). 2. The motor, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that through the front, rear and inner plates (2, 3 and 4) of the stator, threaded rods (5) and spacers (6) are placed, which ensure a given distance between the plates, so that the given the distance is determined in relation to the dimensions of the rockers that move between the inner plates of the stator. 3. The motor, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the plates (25) of the rotor are firmly vertically connected to the main shaft (22) with conical clamping shells (27), that the supports (29) of the permanent magnets (30) are fixed on the same side plates (25) of the rotor, closer to the outer rim, opposite each other, at an angle of 180°. 4. The motor, according to claim 1 and 3, characterized by the fact that the plates (25) of the rotor are mutually phase-rotated, one relative to the other, by 30º, so that in the case of a rotor with six plates, the path of the permanent magnets (30) during one turn of the main shaft closes a full circle of 360º. 5. The motor, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the holders (20) of the permanent magnets (16) are fixed on the top of the body (15) of the rocker, that one pair of rockers (C) is placed between the inner plates (4) of the stator, opposite each other, so that they cover the rotor plates (25) on the outside, that the rocker bodies, independent of each other, rotate on the common shaft (17), so that they cover the rotor plates (25) around the circumference; that the return springs (14), which are placed between the body (15) of the rocker and the inner plate (4) of the stator, after lifting, lower the body of the rocker to the initial position. 6. The engine, according to claim 1 and 5, characterized by the fact that the cams (8) on the camshaft (7) are mutually phase-rotated by 60o, so twice as much as the plates (25) of the rotor; that each rocker acts on both permanent magnets (30) located on one plate (25) of the rotor; that for one rotation of the rotor plate, one rocker makes two lifts and lowers; that the camshafts (7) pass through all inner plates (4) of the stator and turn in bearings (9) in the front and rear plates of the stator. 7. Engine according to claim 1, 5 and 6, characterized in that the rocker control mechanism (F) is located between the back plate (3) and the first internal plate (4) of the stator (A).