HRP20110364A2

HRP20110364A2 - Thermosiphon solar system

Info

Publication number: HRP20110364A2
Application number: HRP20110364AA
Authority: HR
Inventors: Marinko Jukić
Original assignee: St-Arc D.O.O.
Priority date: 2011-05-17
Filing date: 2011-05-17
Publication date: 2013-05-31

Abstract

Termosifonski solarni sustav ima spremnik sanitarne vode (7) u kojemu se voda zagrijava direktnim korištenjem energije sunca preko solarnog kolektora s vakumskim cijevima (5) u koje su umetnute bakrene cijevi (6). Spremnik sanitarne vode ima ulaz hladne vode (1), izlaz tople vode (2) i dodatni električni grijač (4).Bakrene cijevi (6), u kojima se nalazi voda, su montirane s donje strane sanitarnog spremnika vode (7). Djelovanjem solarne energije voda se u bakrenim cijevima zagrijava, te termosifonskim putem podiže i vraća u samo dno spremnika. Tako se, i bez dodatnih izmjenjivača topline, zagrijava čitava masa vode u spremniku, a samim time dolazi i do maksimalnog iskorištavanja energije sunca.Termosifonski solarni sustav koristi spremnik sanitarne vode koji se montira u horizontalnom ili vertikalnom položaju. Horizontalni spremnik je namijenjen za montažu na kose krovove, a vertikalni spremnik je podesniji za montažu na ravne površine.The thermosyphon solar system has a hot water tank (7) in which the water is heated by direct use of solar energy via a solar collector with vacuum tubes (5) into which copper tubes (6) are inserted. The hot water tank has a cold water inlet (1), hot water outlet (2) and an additional electric heater (4). The copper pipes (6), in which the water is located, are mounted on the underside of the hot water tank (7). By the action of solar energy, the water in the copper tubes is heated, and by thermosiphon it is raised and returned to the bottom of the tank. Thus, even without additional heat exchangers, the entire mass of water in the tank is heated, thereby maximizing the use of solar energy. The horizontal tank is intended for mounting on sloping roofs, and the vertical tank is more suitable for mounting on flat surfaces.

Description

Područje tehnike The field of technology

Ovaj izum pripada području F – strojarstvo; grijanje, razred F24 – grijanje; skupina F24J – proizvodnja ili korištenje topline koja nije predviđena na drugom mjestu; podskupina F24J 2/00 – u koju spadaju upotreba sunčeve topline; npr. solarni kolektori, preko koje se zagrijava voda u sanitarnom spremniku, pomoću vakuumskih solarnih cijevi i to direktnim prijenosom topline, gdje voda služi kao medij ne koristeći posebni izmjenjivač. This invention belongs to field F – mechanical engineering; heating, class F24 – heating; group F24J – production or use of heat that is not provided elsewhere; subgroup F24J 2/00 – which includes the use of solar heat; e.g. solar collectors, through which the water in the sanitary tank is heated, using vacuum solar tubes and by direct heat transfer, where water serves as a medium without using a special exchanger.

Tehnički problem Technical problem

Stalno je prisutan problem prijenosa toplinske energije dobivene u solarnom kolektoru, na svu vodu u sanitarnom spremniku, sa što manje gubitaka i na što jednostavniji, odnosno jeftiniji način, a da se pritom zagrije čitava količina vode u vodoravnom ili vertikalnom spremniku, koji se nalazi pod tlakom vodovodnog sistema. There is a constant problem of transferring the thermal energy obtained in the solar collector to all the water in the sanitary tank, with as few losses as possible and in the simplest, i.e. cheaper way, while heating the entire amount of water in the horizontal or vertical tank, which is located under pressure of the water supply system.

Tehnički problem koji se rješava ovim izumom odnosi se na konstrukciju sustava koji će omogućiti prijenos topline sa zagrijanog medija u solarnom kolektoru u spremnik sanitarne tople vode tako da se ravnomjerno zagrijava cijeli sadržaj sanitarnog spremnika. The technical problem solved by this invention relates to the construction of a system that will enable the transfer of heat from the heated medium in the solar collector to the sanitary hot water tank so that the entire contents of the sanitary tank are evenly heated.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

Kod termosifonskog zagrijavanja sanitarne tople vode danas se uglavnom koriste dva načina i to: Two methods are mainly used for thermosiphon heating of sanitary hot water today:

- Ispod horizontalnog ili vertikalnog sanitarnog spremnika tople vode nalazi se solarni kolektor, koji može biti razne izvedbe: pločasti ili sa vakumskim cijevima, koji je spojen na spremnik pomoću odgovarajućih cijevi, kako bi se uspostavila prirodna termosifonska cirkulacija medija preko izmjenjivača topline koji se nalazi u spremniku. - Under the horizontal or vertical sanitary hot water tank there is a solar collector, which can be of various designs: plate or with vacuum tubes, which is connected to the tank using appropriate pipes, in order to establish a natural thermosiphon circulation of the medium through the heat exchanger located in container.

- Horizontalni sanitarni spremnik tople vode ujedno služi kao dio solarnog vakumskog kolektora, u koji po sredini ulaze vakumske cijevi, tako da ne zagrijavaju čitavu količinu vode u spremniku, već samo gornji dio čime imamo smanjen kapacitet. U nekim sistemima voda se nalazi direktno u vakumskim cijevima, ali oni ne mogu zbog brtvljenja izdržati tlakove vodovodne mreže, pa se mogu koristiti samo u iznimnim slučajevima. U većini sistema u vakumske cijevi postavljaju se bakrene cijevi malog promjera, u kojima se nalaze spojevi alkohola čiji su vrhovi prilagođeni i služe kao izmjenjivači topline, jer su uronjeni u spremnik uz kvalitetno brtvljenje, tako da izdržavaju tlak vodovodne mreže. - The horizontal sanitary hot water tank also serves as a part of the solar vacuum collector, into which vacuum pipes enter in the middle, so that they do not heat the entire amount of water in the tank, but only the upper part, which reduces the capacity. In some systems, the water is located directly in the vacuum pipes, but due to their sealing, they cannot withstand the pressure of the water supply network, so they can only be used in exceptional cases. In most systems, small-diameter copper pipes are placed in the vacuum pipes, in which there are alcohol compounds whose tips are adapted and serve as heat exchangers, because they are immersed in the tank with quality sealing, so that they withstand the pressure of the water network.

Bit izuma The essence of invention

Bit izuma je termosifonski solarni sustav. Termosifonski sustav se može izvesti sa spremnikom sanitarne vode u vodoravnom i vertikalnom položaju. The essence of the invention is the thermosiphon solar system. The thermosiphon system can be made with a sanitary water tank in a horizontal or vertical position.

Na donjem dijelu vodoravnog spremnika sanitarne vode zavarene su cijevi pod kutom od 45°, na koje su montirane bakrene cijevi. Na bakrene cijevi su navučene vakuumske cijevi. Sunčeve zrake, preko vakuumskih cijevi, zagrijavaju vodu u bakrenim cijevima. Zagrijana voda iz bakrenih cijevi se podiže i ulazi u samo dno spremnika sanitarne vode tako da se zagrijava čitavi kapacitet spremnika. Plašt spremnika, ispod kojeg se nalazi izolacija, služi kao gornji nosač vakumske cijevi, dok je donji pričvršćen na konstrukciju. Zbog termosifonskog djelovanja tople vode u bakrenoj cijevi, toplina direktno, bez dodatnog izmjenjivača topline, ulazi u dno spremnika. On the lower part of the horizontal sanitary water tank, pipes are welded at an angle of 45°, on which copper pipes are mounted. Vacuum tubes are threaded onto the copper tubes. The sun's rays, via vacuum tubes, heat the water in the copper tubes. The heated water from the copper pipes rises and enters the very bottom of the sanitary water tank so that the entire capacity of the tank is heated. The shell of the tank, under which there is insulation, serves as the upper support of the vacuum tube, while the lower one is attached to the structure. Due to the thermosiphon action of the hot water in the copper pipe, the heat enters the bottom of the tank directly, without an additional heat exchanger.

Termosifonski solarni sustav je pogodan za montažu na krovove kuća i kose terene. The thermosiphon solar system is suitable for installation on roofs of houses and sloping terrains.

Kod vertikalno postavljenog spremnika sanitarne vode, na određene razmake zavaruju se cijevi, na koje se montiraju bakrene cijevi uvučene u vakuumske cijevi. Ovaj sistem je namijenjen za montažu direktno na ravne površine kako bi se izbjegla izrada posebnih, jakih i skupih nosača za montažu horizontalnih spremnika na ravnim podlogama. In the case of a vertically placed sanitary water tank, pipes are welded at certain intervals, on which copper pipes inserted into vacuum pipes are mounted. This system is intended for mounting directly on flat surfaces in order to avoid making special, strong and expensive supports for mounting horizontal tanks on flat surfaces.

Kratki opis slika Short description of the pictures

Slika 1. prikazuje termosifonski solarni sustav – sprijeda Figure 1 shows the thermosiphon solar system - front

Slika 2. prikazuje termosifonski solarni sustav – bočno Figure 2 shows the thermosyphon solar system - side view

Slika 3. prikazuje termosifonski solarni sustav – presjek X – X sa Sl.1. Figure 3 shows the thermosiphon solar system - section X - X from Fig.1.

Detaljan opis jednog od načina izvedbe i funkcioniranja izuma Detailed description of one of the methods of execution and functioning of the invention

U primjeru iz ovog izuma detaljnije je opisan termosifonski solarni sustav s horizontalnim spremnikom sanitarne vode. In the example from this invention, a thermosyphon solar system with a horizontal sanitary water tank is described in more detail.

Spremnik sanitarne vode s vakuumskim solarnim cijevima i direktnim termosifonskim prijenosom topline, prikazan na Sl. 1., 2. i 3., a služi za zagrijavanje sanitarne tople vode, pojedinačno za manje objekte, dok se za veće kapacitete više sistema spaja u jednu cjelinu i tako dobiva željeni kapacitet, bez obzira da li se radi o horizontalnim ili vertikalnim sanitarnim spremnicima. Sanitary water tank with vacuum solar tubes and direct thermosiphon heat transfer, shown in Fig. 1., 2. and 3., and is used for heating sanitary hot water, individually for smaller objects, while for larger capacities, several systems are combined into one unit and thus the desired capacity is obtained, regardless of whether it is a horizontal or vertical sanitary containers.

Termosifonski solarni sustav s horizontalnim spremnikom sanitarne vode obuhvaća: sanitarni spremnik vode 7, vakuumske cijevi 5, bakrene cijevi 6, spoj hladne vode 1, izlaz tople vode 2, spoj za recirkulaciju 3 i električni grijač 4. Ispod plašta 9 sanitarni spremnik je omotan izolacionim slojem 8. The thermosyphon solar system with a horizontal sanitary water tank includes: sanitary water tank 7, vacuum pipes 5, copper pipes 6, cold water connection 1, hot water outlet 2, recirculation connection 3 and electric heater 4. Under the jacket 9, the sanitary tank is wrapped with insulation layer 8.

Nakon vrlo jednostavne montaže samog sistema i učvršćenja nosive konstrukcije na podlogu, pristupamo spajanju spremnika na vodovodnu mrežu preko ulaza hladne vode 1, vodeći računa da se ugrade odgovarajući ventili, obični i sigurnosni, kao i ekspanziona posuda, koja kompenzira višak vode, koji nastaje uslijed zagrijavanja i širenja vode. Na izlaz tople vode 2, spaja se cijev koja odvodi toplu vodu u instalaciju tople vode, vodeći pri tome računa da se na izlazu ugradi termoventil za regulaciju izlazne temperature vode. Na izlaz za recirkulaciju tople vode 3, po potrebi spaja se vod za recirkulaciju tople vode. U spremniku 7 je ugrađen električni grijač 4 sa magnezijevom anodom, snage 2000 W s odgovarajućim radnim i sigurnosnim termostatom, a služi za dogrijavanje sanitarne tople vode. After the very simple assembly of the system itself and the fastening of the load-bearing structure to the base, we approach the connection of the tank to the water supply network via the cold water inlet 1, taking care to install the appropriate valves, ordinary and safety, as well as the expansion tank, which compensates for the excess water, which occurs due to heating and expansion of water. The hot water outlet 2 is connected to the pipe that drains the hot water into the hot water installation, taking care to install a thermovalve at the outlet to regulate the water outlet temperature. If necessary, the hot water recirculation line is connected to the hot water recirculation outlet 3. An electric heater 4 with a magnesium anode, 2000 W power, with an appropriate working and safety thermostat, is installed in the tank 7, and it is used for additional heating of sanitary hot water.

Nakon izvršenog spajanja i punjenja sistema hladnom vodom, dolazi do automatskog zagrijavanja vode, uz pomoć sunčevih zraka čiji toplinski spektar djeluje na vakumsku cijev 5. Toplina koja se stvara u vakumskoj cijevi zagrijava vodu koja se nalazi u bakrenoj cijevi 6 i koja direktno ulazi u dno spremnika sanitarne vode 7. Zbog termosifonskog djelovanja tople vode u bakrenoj cijevi, toplina direktno bez dodatnog izmjenjivača topline ulazi u dno spremnika i zagrijava čitavi volumen vode u spremniku, koji je u naravi obična posuda, koja sa svojom konstrukcijom može izdržati tlakove vodovodne mreže. Da bi se spriječili gubitci topline, spremnik je izoliran s odgovarajućom termoizolacijom 8, dok je izolacija zaštićena metalnim plaštem 9 zbog zaštite izolacije od vanjskih utjecaja. After connecting and filling the system with cold water, the water is automatically heated, with the help of the sun's rays, whose thermal spectrum acts on the vacuum tube 5. The heat generated in the vacuum tube heats the water in the copper tube 6, which directly enters the bottom sanitary water tank 7. Due to the thermosiphon action of the hot water in the copper pipe, the heat directly enters the bottom of the tank without an additional heat exchanger and heats the entire volume of water in the tank, which is in nature an ordinary vessel, which with its construction can withstand the pressures of the water supply network. To prevent heat loss, the tank is insulated with appropriate thermal insulation 8, while the insulation is protected by a metal jacket 9 to protect the insulation from external influences.

Popis pozivnih oznaka List of callsigns

1 – ulaz hladne vode 1 – cold water inlet

2 – izlaz tople vode 2 – hot water outlet

3 – spoj za recirkulaciju 3 – connection for recirculation

4 – električni grijač 4 – electric heater

5 – vakumska cijev 5 – vacuum tube

6 – bakrena cijev 6 – copper pipe

7 – sanitarni spremnik tople vode 7 – sanitary hot water tank

8 – izolacija 8 – insulation

9 – vanjski plašt spremnika 9 – outer cover of the tank

10 – nosač 10 – carrier

Primjena izuma Application of the invention

Ovaj univerzalni sistem zagrijavanja tople sanitarne vode može se primjenjivati u svim područjima bez obzira na klimu (od do +), jer je zbog vakumskih cijevi dobro izoliran, ne zahtjeva nikakve cirkulacione sisteme, a može se spajati na sve objekte, bez obzira da li su spojeni na sistem vode pod tlakom (vodovod) ili niskotlačni sistem, gdje je spremnik najviša točka sistema, tako da topla voda ističe slobodnim padom. This universal hot sanitary water heating system can be used in all areas, regardless of the climate (from to +), because it is well insulated due to the vacuum tubes, does not require any circulation systems, and can be connected to all objects, regardless of whether they are connected to a pressurized water system (plumbing) or a low-pressure system, where the tank is the highest point of the system, so that hot water flows out by free fall.

Claims

1. Thermosyphon solar system, which consists of a sanitary water tank, connections for cold water supply and hot water drain, additional electric heater, vacuum solar tubes with inserted copper tubes, characterized by the fact that the copper tubes (6) are mounted on the lower side of the tank (7 ) and through the insulation (8) enter the tank which is filled with water, that the copper pipes (6) are inserted into the vacuum solar pipes (5), that the water in the copper pipes is heated by solar energy through the vacuum pipes, that the heated water in the copper pipes, using the thermosiphon effect, directly, without an additional heat exchanger, rises and enters the lower part of the tank so that it heats the entire volume of water in the tank.