HRP20030929A2

HRP20030929A2 - Stably tighted self-rising boom used for sea protection during accidental situations in marinas

Info

Publication number: HRP20030929A2
Application number: HR20030929A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Muvrin Boris
Original assignee: Muvrin Boris
Priority date: 2003-11-13
Filing date: 2003-11-13
Publication date: 2005-06-30
Also published as: WO2005047607A3; WO2005047607A2

Description

Područje na koje se izum odnosi The field to which the invention relates

Ovaj izum odnosi se na plutajuće zaštitne brane za marine, a prema Međunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata (MKP) trebalo bi ga klasificirati u područje E02B15/06. This invention relates to floating protective dams for marinas, and according to the International Patent Classification (IPC) it should be classified in area E02B15/06.

Tehnički problem Technical problem

Problem kod akcidenta plovila koja su namijenjena turizmu (jahte, motorni čamci i slična plovila koja koriste ugljikovodična goriva) je razlijevanje manjih ili većih količina goriva u more, koje se brzo širi i van marine tako da su akcidentom zagađena veća morska prostranstva. Uklanjanje razlivenog goriva je izuzetno složeno i skupo, ovisno o metodi sakupljanja koja se primjenjuje. Važno je naglasiti da je u slučaju akcidenta gotovo nemoguće ukloniti sve razliveno gorivo jer se radi o vrlo velikim površinama zagađenja. The problem with accidents involving vessels intended for tourism (yachts, motorboats and similar vessels that use hydrocarbon fuels) is the spilling of smaller or larger amounts of fuel into the sea, which quickly spreads outside the marina so that larger sea spaces are polluted by the accident. The removal of spilled fuel is extremely complex and expensive, depending on the collection method used. It is important to emphasize that in the event of an accident, it is almost impossible to remove all the spilled fuel because it is a very large area of pollution.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

Predloženo je nekoliko rješenja plutajućih brana no ni jedan tip predloženih brana nije u potpunosti zadovoljavao uvjete sprječavanja širenja razlivene nafte. Jedan od bitnih nedostataka ranije predloženih rješenja bila je potreba korištenja remorkera ili pogodnih plovila koji bi opasivali branom plovilo (jahtu) kod akcidenta da bi nakon utovara goriva morali odvezati branu i omogućiti isplovljivanje plovila. Kao primjer navodim US patent 5,372,455 od Decembar 13, 1994 gdje je plutajuća brana postavljena oko tankera radi sprječavanja širenja eventualno razlivene nafte. Several solutions of floating dams were proposed, but none of the proposed dams fully met the conditions for preventing the spread of spilled oil. One of the major drawbacks of previously proposed solutions was the need to use tugboats or suitable vessels that would surround the vessel (yacht) with a dam in the event of an accident, so that after loading the fuel, they would have to untie the dam and allow the vessel to sail. As an example, I cite US patent 5,372,455 from December 13, 1994, where a floating dam is placed around a tanker to prevent the spread of possibly spilled oil.

Na sličan način za sprječavanje širenja razlivene nafte opisan je u US patentu 5,269,627 od Decembar 14, 1993. A similar method for preventing the spread of spilled oil is described in US Patent 5,269,627 dated December 14, 1993.

US patent 4,652,173 od March 24 1987 opisuje plutajuću branu ugrađenim elementima radi povećanja sigurnosti na čvrstoću. Nadalje US patent 4,507,017 od March 26, 1985 odnosi se na segmentiranu vatrootpornu plutajuću branu. US Patent 4,652,173 dated March 24, 1987 describes a floating dam with built-in elements to increase security of strength. Furthermore, US Patent 4,507,017 dated March 26, 1985 relates to a segmented fire resistant floating dam.

U našoj zemlji obavljena su također ispitivanja plutajućih brana (SPAR ING) na rijeci Savi kod naftne luke Crnac. Ispitivanja je obavio Brodarski Institut iz Zagreba. Ispitivanjima se došlo do zaključka da ovaj tip brana nije primjenjiv na moru. In our country, floating dams (SPAR ING) were also tested on the Sava River near the Crnac oil port. The tests were carried out by the Maritime Institute from Zagreb. Tests led to the conclusion that this type of dam is not applicable at sea.

Izlaganje suštine izuma Presentation of the essence of the invention

Primarni cilj ovog izuma je postavljanje fiksno vezane samopodižuće plutajuće brane na ulazu u marinu. Samopodižuća plutajuća brana je u principu uronjena na željenoj dubini, tako da i vizualno ne utječe na izgled luke. U slučaju akcidenta jahti ili ostalih plovila u marini, brana koja je uronjena podiže se i zatvara ulaz u marinu te osigurava more izvan marine od akcidentom razlivenog goriva. Nastalo onečišćenje mora u marini može se ukloniti pumpanjem u odgovarajuće rezervoare i istovremeno obraditi. The primary objective of this invention is to install a permanently attached self-raising floating dam at the entrance to the marina. The self-raising floating dam is, in principle, immersed at the desired depth, so that it does not visually affect the appearance of the port. In case of an accident of yachts or other vessels in the marina, the submerged dam is raised and closes the entrance to the marina and secures the sea outside the marina from accidentally spilled fuel. The resulting sea pollution in the marina can be removed by pumping it into the appropriate reservoirs and treated at the same time.

Nakon sanacije i prestanka akcidentnog stanja, brana uranja i omogućava nesmetan izlazak jahti-plovila iz luke. Ovakav sustav zaštite mora u luci sa samopodižućom plutajućom branom isključuje potrebu za remorkerima ili drugim plovilima koji su se koristili za opasivanje jahti-plovila zaštitnim branama u slučaju akcidenta. Primjena ovakvog sustava omogućava maksimalnu zaštitu mora van marine. After rehabilitation and the end of the accident situation, the dam sinks and enables the unhindered exit of yachts from the port. This type of sea protection system in a port with a self-raising floating dam eliminates the need for tugboats or other vessels that were used to surround yachts with protective dams in the event of an accident. The use of such a system enables maximum protection of the sea outside the marina.

Princip rada samopodižuće plutajuće brane temelji se na fizikalnom principu da se utiskivanjem otežane vode u prstenasti prostor brane postiže se njeno uranjanje/tonjenje prema dnu marine. Zrak koji se nalazi u prstenastom prostoru brane izlazi iz brane preko ispušnog ventila. Ako želimo podići branu potrebno je iz nje ispumpati otežanu vodu a u prstenasti prostor brane ući će zrak preko usisnog ventila i brana će plutati na površini i pritom opasati željeno područje u marini The principle of operation of the self-raising floating dam is based on the physical principle that by pressing the heavy water into the ring space of the dam, its immersion/sinking towards the bottom of the marina is achieved. The air in the annular space of the dam exits the dam through the exhaust valve. If we want to raise the dam, it is necessary to pump the difficult water out of it, and air will enter the annular space of the dam via the suction valve and the dam will float on the surface and at the same time surround the desired area in the marina

Kratak opis crteža Brief description of the drawing

Sl. 1. Prikaz marine s plovilima opasane samopodižućom plutajućom branom (tlocrt) Sl. 1. View of the marina with vessels surrounded by a self-raising floating dam (floor plan)

Sl. 2. Prikaz marine s plovilima spremne za isplovljavanje i položaj uronjene brane (bokocrt) Sl. 2. View of the marina with vessels ready to set sail and the position of the submerged dam (side view)

Sl. 3. Prikaz elementa za utiskivanje otežane vode i veza uz ulaz u marinu (bokocrt) Sl. 3. Representation of the element for pressing in heavy water and the connection to the entrance to the marina (side view)

Sl. 4. Prikaz ventilskog sklopa i veze uz ulaz u marinu (bokocrt) Sl. 4. View of the valve assembly and connection to the entrance to the marina (side view)

Sl. 5. Prikaz vertikalnog kretanja ventilskog sklopa (bokocrt) Sl. 5. Display of the vertical movement of the valve assembly (side view)

Sl. 6. Presjek samopodižuće plutajuće brane površini Sl. 6. Section of a self-raising floating dam on the surface

Sl. 7. Blok shema rada samopodižuće plutajuće brane Sl. 7. Block diagram of the self-raising floating dam

Detaljan opis najmanje jednog od načina ostvarivanja izuma A detailed description of at least one way of realizing the invention

Sada će se uputiti do u pojedinosti ovog pretpostavljenog čiji je primjer ilustriran pridruženim crtežima od 1-7. It will now be referred to the details of this superior, an example of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings 1-7.

Upućujući na sl. 1. vidljivo je da je prostor(more) marine od vanjskog mora ograđen (odvojen) zaštitnom plastičnom rebrastom cijevi koja onemogućava širenje u akcidentu razlivenog goriva. Na istoj slici prikazana je sustav sisaljke 2 i spremnika 2 za uklanjanje u akcidentu razlivenog goriva s površine mora. Nakon sanacije akcidenta sisaljka(1) iz spremnika(1) puni preko uređaja (3) otežanu vodu u zaštitnu plastičnu rebrastu cijev, tako da ona može potonuti na željenu dubinu, ovisno o gazu jahte-plovila, što im omogućava. nesmetano isplovljivanje iz marine. Referring to Fig. 1, it can be seen that the area (sea) of the marina is fenced (separated) from the outer sea by a protective plastic ribbed pipe that prevents the spread of spilled fuel in an accident. The same picture shows the system of pump 2 and tank 2 for removing spilled fuel from the surface of the sea in an accident. After repairing the accident, the suction pump (1) from the tank (1) fills the difficult water through the device (3) into the protective plastic ribbed tube, so that it can sink to the desired depth, depending on the draft of the yacht-vessel, which enables them. smooth sailing from the marina.

Da bi postigli tonjenje brane, u nju se utiskuje oteživač. Pritom oteživač može biti otežana voda ili, pak, bilo koja kapljevina teža od okolne vode. Otežanu vodu može se dobiti, npr., dodavanjem vodi barijevog klorida, ili barita, ili njihove smjese čime se dobije sredstvo teže od vode. In order to achieve sinking of the dam, a thickener is pressed into it. In this case, the aggravating agent can be hardened water or, alternatively, any liquid heavier than the surrounding water. Heavy water can be obtained, for example, by adding barium chloride, or barite, or their mixture to water, which results in a substance heavier than water.

Na sl. 2 vidljiv je položaj brane koja omogućava nesmetano isplovljavanje. Otežavanje brane obavlja se na slijedeći način: Iz spremnika(1) pomoću klipne sisaljke utiskuje se otežana voda u branu. Sustav utiskivanja prikazan je na sl. (4). Na istoj slici (4) prikazana je mogućnost veze uređaja za utiskivanje, koje je vezano na vodilice kako bi se izbjegle oscilacije morske površine, valovi, a poglavito plima i oseka. U jednoj izvedbenoj varijanti ovog izuma spomenuta vodilica je ugrađena u sam gat, što je prikazano slikom 5. U drugoj izvedbenoj varijanti ovog istog izuma vodilica je pričvršćena na gat, što je prikazano slikom 4. Fig. 2 shows the position of the dam, which enables unimpeded sailing. Weighing of the dam is carried out in the following way: From the tank (1) by means of a piston pump, the heavy water is pressed into the dam. The stamping system is shown in Fig. (4). The same picture (4) shows the possibility of connecting the device for pressing, which is attached to the guides in order to avoid oscillations of the sea surface, waves, and especially tides. In one embodiment of this invention, the mentioned guide is built into the pier itself, which is shown in Figure 5. In another embodiment of this same invention, the guide is attached to the pier, which is shown in Figure 4.

Na drugom kraju ulaza u marinu (gatu) ugrađen je uređaj prikazan na sl. (5) koji omogućava istiskivanje zraka iz sustava, a isto tako omogućuje ulazak zraka u sustav kada je potrebno njegovo podizanje na površinu. At the other end of the entrance to the marina (jetty), the device shown in Fig. (5) is installed, which allows air to be pushed out of the system, and also allows air to enter the system when it is necessary to raise it to the surface.

Način primjene izuma Method of application of the invention

Ovim načinom primjene mogu se ponajprije spriječiti veće ekološke štete. Druga ne manje važna stvar je ekonomska dobit koja primjenom ovog izuma rezultira znatnim uštedama na čišćenju i održavanju kvalitete mora u marinama na vrlo visokoj razini. This method of application can primarily prevent major environmental damage. Another no less important thing is the economic profit that, by applying this invention, results in considerable savings on cleaning and maintaining the quality of the sea in marinas at a very high level.

Claims

1. A self-elevating floating dam indicated by the fact that it is fixed to the shore at the marina, which avoids the use of a tugboat or similar vessel to surround the yacht/ship in an accident situation with a dam for the purpose of protecting the outer sea from pollution.

2. A self-raising floating dam according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that a weighting agent is pressed into the dam, which causes it to sink.

3. A self-raising floating dam according to claim 2, characterized in that the weighting agent is heavy water or any liquid that is heavier than the surrounding water.

4. A self-raising floating dam according to claim 3, characterized in that the difficult water is obtained by adding barium chloride to the water.

5. A self-raising floating dam according to claim 3, characterized in that the difficult water is obtained by adding barite to the water.

6. Self-raising floating dam according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the hardener is hardened water obtained by adding a mixture of barium chloride and barite to the water.

7. Self-raising floating dam according to any one of claims 3 to 6, indicated by the fact that the sinking of the dam to the desired depth is achieved by its dimensioning and, if necessary, by adding appropriate weights.

8. Self-raising floating dam according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that at one end of it there is a pumping pump or suction of pressed hardener, and at its other end there is a chamber with breathing valves.

9. A self-raising floating dam according to claim 8, characterized in that the ends of the dam are attached to sliders that slide along vertically placed guides, which enables the dam as a whole to rise and fall following the tides.

10. Self-raising floating dam according to claim 9, characterized in that the guide is built into the pier itself.

11. Self-raising floating dam according to claim 9, characterized in that the guide is attached to the pier.