HRP20020780A2 - Rotary helical pump with progressive pitch - Google Patents

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The subject of the invention belongs to the pumping of fluids, with the fact that it can be used in process as well as transport systems for all types of fluids.

Technical problem

The technical problem solved by this invention consists in the following; how to construct a rotary pump that would be insensitive to solid impurities, have the ability to achieve high pressure with relatively high flow rates with small pump dimensions and high energy utilization, and have the ability to determine the flow rate by determining the rotation speed. Another problem that is solved by the proposed technical solution is the simple installation of the pump and the easy detection of any malfunction.

State of the art

Until now, various pumps have been used for pumping fluids, the principle of operation of which is based on various mechanical and hydraulic effects. The two basic groups of pumps that use the mechanical principle of operation are pumps that change the volume of the space in which the fluid is located and turbo pumps, and pumps that use hydraulic principles are jet pumps and lift pumps.

Pumps that use a change in volume space are further divided into screw, gear, propeller, piston and diaphragm pumps.

Of the above, screw, gear and propeller pumps use circular motion as do turbo pumps. The other listed pumps (piston and diaphragm) use rectilinear motion to change volume, while hydraulic pumps (jet and buoyant) have no mechanical moving parts.

The disadvantages of the mentioned known solutions, especially those pumps that move in a circular motion, are first of all the sensitivity to solid particles in the pumped fluid, which can damage the pump, then the complexity of the construction if you want to achieve a high pressure, and in those where the construction is simple (propeller pump ) high pumping pressure cannot be achieved.

The goal of the solution according to this application is to construct such a device-pump that would improve the possibilities of the above-mentioned solutions in such a way as to reduce the complexity of the structure, reduce the sensitivity to damage from solid particles in the pumped fluid, reduce the dimensions of the pump with the simultaneous possibility of achieving high pressures of the pumped fluid .

Description of the solution to the technical problem

The defined technical problem was solved by the proposed device - rotating spiral pump.

The structural solution to the technical problem is based on placing a piston (2) of a special design in a cylinder (1) of a certain diameter. The piston can be in one piece, composed of a shaft (3) and a spiral (4) whose outer rim (5) has a greater mutual distance as it moves away from the pump inlet (6), or made of a certain number of sections (7), ( 8), (9), (10) which are stacked on top of each other with the same diameter but different height. The way the sections are arranged is that the section with the least mutual distance of the spiral line is the first, the input section, the second section is the greater mutual distance of the spiral line than the first, the third is the greater mutual distance of the spiral line than the second and so on, the last-exit section has the largest mutual line distance spirals. The final number of sections has not been determined.

Sections (7), (8), (9), (10) which connect to each other and consist of a shaft (3) and a spiral (4), with the outer rim (5) of the spiral (4) of the same diameter, and the line of the spiral wrapped around the shaft moves further and further away from each other when viewed from the side, the distance is greater the closer the spiral is to the outlet and further to the inlet of the pump (6).

The piston (2) or each section (7), (8), (9), (10) if the piston (2) is formed from sections are made so that the volume of the space formed by the shaft (3) and the spiral (4) together with the outer cylinder (1) into which the piston (2) or sections (7), (8), (9), (10) are inserted, increases from the beginning to the end of the piston (2) or sections (7), (8) , (9), (10) so that the volume space described above at the beginning of the piston (2) or section (7), (8), (9), (10) is the smallest, and the more the spiral (4) moves away from beginning of the piston (2) or section, (7), (8), (9), (10) the volume is larger and larger, so that the largest is at the end of the piston (2) or section. The piston or section (7), (8), (9), (10) together with the outer cylinder (1) braze the tube (12) whose cross-section (11) increases.

If the piston (2) is formed from sections, the sections (7), (8), (9), (10) are connected to each other so that the volume of the space between the shaft (3), spiral (4) and the outer cylinder is (1) at the end of the lower section smaller than the volume of the space bounded by the shaft, spiral and outer cylinder at the beginning of the higher section.

Description of the drawing

The invention is described in more detail on the example of the method of execution on a coma

picture 1

shows a progressive pitch rotary volute pump consisting of a cylindrical housing (1) and a piston (2), with the cylindrical housing (1) stationary and the piston (2) rotating within it. The piston consists of a shaft (3) and a spiral (4), with the fact that the spiral (4) is wrapped around the shaft (3) so that the outer rim (5) of the line of the spiral (4) moves further and further away from each other, the farther it is from the beginning piston (2) or pump inlet (6)

picture 2

shows the piston (2) of a spiral pump, composed of sections (7), (8), (9), (10) which connect to each other, with the second being such that the volume of the space between the shaft (3), the spiral (4) and the outer cylinder (1) at the end of the lower section is equal to the space bounded by the shaft, the spiral and the outer cylinder of the beginning of the higher section.

picture 3

shows the pipe (11) which is obtained if the pipe bounded by the piston (2) and the cylinder (1) of the spiral pump is stretched in a plane. The cross-section of the inlet to the pipe is equal to the cross-section of the inlet to the spiral pump (6), and it gradually increases as you go towards the end of the pump.

Method of realizing the invention

The pumped fluid enters the pump inlet (6), which is of a certain surface area. The diameter of the cylinder (1) in which the piston (2) of the pump is placed is constant, as is the diameter of the outer circumference of the spiral of the piston (2). The motor drives the piston (2), which begins to rotate around its axis, in the stationary cylinder (1). By turning the piston (2) in the cylinder (1), a force appears, which forces the liquid from the inlet (6) towards the pump outlet. The liquid passes through the spiral tube formed by the piston (2), that is, the shaft (3) and spiral (4) of the piston (2) and the outer cylinder (1). If the tube created by changing the spiral pitch, i.e. the volume space, were to be stretched in a plane in the above-mentioned way, the tube (12) of the shape shown in Figure 3 would be obtained, the inlet (11) of which has the smallest cross-sectional area, equal to the pump inlet step (6 ), it gradually expands towards the outlet, and the outlet has the largest diameter. If the tube described above would still rotate around its axis, a buoyancy force would be obtained that would push the liquid through the tube from the narrower end to the wider end.

Considering the shape of the pipe, Bernoulli's equation is applicable, which shows that when the velocity of the fluid increases, the pressure decreases and vice versa.

��g + v2/2 +g*h = const.

��g +( v1)2/2 +g*h1 = ��g + (v2)2/2 +g*h2 + Ws

From the above equation, it can be seen that the fluid velocity created by the rotation of the piston (2) in the cylinder (1) at the inlet (6) and outlet and also the pressure at the inlet (6) and outlet can reach very large differences, which depends on the difference in cross section at the inlet (6) and outlet, and the device can be used as a special type of pump.

By determining the number of steps of the spiral (4) and the ratio of the input and output steps, that is, the volume filled with fluid, the output pressure of the pumped fluid is determined, and by determining the step, that is, the volume filled with fluid at the pump inlet (6) and the number of revolutions of the pump, the flow of fluid through the pump is determined per unit of time.

If the pump, i.e. the inner piston (2) was composed of sections (7), (8), (9), (10), by simply selecting the sections, or stacking them so that they form a pipe (12) as in Figure 3, it is possible to design a pump with various output pressures and flow rates per unit of time, without changing the external diameter of the pump, i.e. the cylinder (1) in which the piston (2) is placed.

Since this type of pump has no sealing or contact surfaces and the rotating parts are in one piece, it is resistant to solid particles and can work in a horizontal, vertical and inclined position.

Method of industrial application of the invention

The invention, a rotating spiral pump with a progressive step, is intended for lifting or transporting liquids of different density and viscosity. The invention can be applied in almost all cases where there is a need to transport liquids, such as the oil extraction and processing industry, in the extraction of water from artesian wells, in the process industry.

For the application of the technical solution according to this invention, it is necessary to apply the usual materials, equipment and procedures, with the condition of additional training of professional personnel for handling the equipment.

The occupational safety measures that must be followed are standard and there are no anticipated adverse effects on the natural environment.

Claims (2)

1. A rotary spiral pump with a progressive step for pumping fluids of different density and viscosity, characterized by the fact that it consists of a cylindrical housing (1) in which a piston (2) is located consisting of a shaft (3) and a spiral (4), with in that the spiral is of a variable pitch that decreases towards the entrance to the pump (6). 2. Rotary spiral pump with a progressive step for pumping fluids of different density and viscosity according to claim (1), characterized by the fact that the piston (2) can be one-piece or composed of several sections formed by the shaft (3) and the spiral (4) inside the outer cylinder (1) in which they are installed, so that the characteristics of the pump are determined by selecting the volume spaces at the beginning and end of the piston (2) or the beginning and end sections, if the piston consists of sections (7), (8), (9), ( 10), which determines the height of the fluid supply, and by selecting the size of the cross-section of the inlet to the pump (11), the fluid flow is determined.