HRP20020619A2

HRP20020619A2 - Detached container with several chambers for storing vines and other liquids

Info

Publication number: HRP20020619A2
Authority: HR
Inventors: Mladen Letina
Original assignee: Mladen Letina
Priority date: 2002-07-23
Filing date: 2002-07-23
Publication date: 2004-06-30

Description

Područje tehnike na koje se izum odnosi Technical field to which the invention relates

Ovaj se izum odnosi na opremu u procesu proizvodnje i čuvanju vina, kao i ostalih tekućina koje zahtijevaju stroge higijenske uvjete. This invention relates to equipment in the process of production and storage of wine, as well as other liquids that require strict hygienic conditions.

Prema Međunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata (sedmo izdanje) izum spada u područje According to the International Classification of Patents (seventh edition) the invention belongs to the field

B Proizvodni postupci; Transport B Production procedures; Transport

B65D Spremnici za uskladištenje ili transportiranje predmeta ili materijala, npr. vreće, bačve, boce, sanduci, limene i kartonske kutije, sanduci s letvicama, bubnjevi, staklenke, spremnici, bunkeri, prijevozni spremnici - kontejneri, pribori, zatvarači ili armature za njih; Elementi za pakiranje; Paketi B65D Containers for storing or transporting articles or materials, eg sacks, barrels, bottles, crates, tin and cardboard boxes, slatted boxes, drums, jars, containers, bunkers, transport containers - containers, accessories, closures or fittings therefor; Packaging elements; Packages

Tehnički problem za čije se rješenje traži zaštita patentom A technical problem for the solution of which patent protection is requested

U vinogradarstvu, kao jednoj od vrlo značajnih poljoprivrednih grana u gospodarstvu jedne zemlje, u posljednje se vrijeme za čuvanje vina sve više primjenjuju samostojeći spremnici izrađeni iz nehrđajućeg (inox) čelika. Spremanje vina u ovakve spremnike ispunjava sve tražene stroge higijenske uvjete. Osim toga ovakvi spremnici osiguravaju bolje iskorištavanje prostora u vinarskim podrumima po visini jer zauzimaju manji prostor. In viticulture, as one of the most important agricultural branches in the economy of a country, free-standing containers made of stainless (inox) steel are increasingly being used to store wine. Storing wine in such containers meets all required strict hygiene conditions. In addition, these containers ensure better use of space in wine cellars in terms of height, because they occupy less space.

Osnovni problem je kako na što manjem prostoru uskladištiti relativno male količine više različitih vrsta kvalitetnih ili vrhunskih vrsta vina. Rješenje navedenog problema može biti više manjih jednakih spremnika, koji se slažu vertikalno jedan na drugi ili jedan veći spremnik s više komora raspoređenih vertikalno ili na neki drugi način. The basic problem is how to store relatively small quantities of many different types of high-quality or premium types of wine in as little space as possible. The solution to the mentioned problem can be several smaller identical containers, which are stacked vertically on top of each other, or one larger container with several chambers arranged vertically or in some other way.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

“Klasično” rješenje problema skladištenja različitih vrsta tekućina, npr. vina, na što manjoj tlocrtnoj površini spremišta, skladišta ili vinskog podruma svodi se na formiranje jednog većeg spremnika od nekoliko manjih, međusobno jednakih, spremnika. Svojim oblikom i elementima konstrukcije manji spremnici trebaju biti modularnog tipa, tako da se relativno jednostavno mogu prilagođavati potrebama. Takvi spremnici najčešće su valjkastog oblika i sastoje se od plašta valjka s podnicom i poklopcem. Podnica i poklopac izvedeni su konusno u obliku stošca i na rubovima su zavareni za plašt valjka. S donje strane na podnicu su zavarene noge određene visine za postavljanje na pod. The "classic" solution to the problem of storing different types of liquids, e.g. wine, in the smallest floor plan area of a warehouse, warehouse or wine cellar boils down to the formation of one larger tank from several smaller, mutually equal, tanks. Due to their shape and structural elements, smaller tanks should be of modular type, so that they can be adapted to needs relatively easily. Such tanks are usually cylindrical in shape and consist of a cylinder shell with a base and a lid. The floor and the cover are made conical in the shape of a cone and are welded on the edges to the roller casing. On the underside, legs of a certain height are welded to the floor for installation on the floor.

Kako bi se na što manjem prostoru mogla smjestiti određena količina više vrsta vina, potrebno je dva ili više jednakih spremnika postaviti jedan na drugi u okomitom položaju. Ovisno o veličini i namjeni spremnika dodatni konstruktivni elementi za podizanje i montažu gornjeg spremnika na donji mogu biti učvršćeni (najčešće zavarivanjem) na plašt, podnicu, poklopac i/ili noge. In order to accommodate a certain amount of several types of wine in the smallest possible space, it is necessary to place two or more identical containers on top of each other in a vertical position. Depending on the size and purpose of the tank, additional structural elements for lifting and mounting the upper tank on the lower one can be fixed (most often by welding) to the casing, floor, lid and/or legs.

Budući da se na podnici tj. na donjem dijelu spremnika nalazi priključak za istakanje, a na poklopcu priključak za odzračivanje, između spremnika postavljenih okomito jedan iznad drugoga mora postojati potrebni razmak, što predstavlja gubitak na prostoru raspoloživom za vertikalno slaganje spremnika. Since there is a connection for sticking out on the floor, i.e. on the lower part of the tank, and a connection for venting on the lid, there must be a necessary distance between the tanks placed vertically one above the other, which represents a loss of space available for stacking the tanks vertically.

Drugo rješenje navedenog problema je spremnik s više komora. Komore se formiraju unutar plašta valjka ugradnjom međupodnica po cijeloj visini plašta. Kod takvog spremnika problematična može biti ugradnja spomenutih međupodnica. Another solution to the mentioned problem is a multi-chamber tank. The chambers are formed inside the roller casing by installing intermediate floors along the entire height of the casing. With such a tank, the installation of the mentioned intermediate floors can be problematic.

Kod spremnika kojemu je plašt po cijeloj visini iz jednog komada mora se svaka međupodnica, na određenoj visini, zavariti po cijelom opsegu za plašt spremnika s unutarnje strane. Zavarivanje s unutarnje strane plašta spremnika je, uslijed otežanog pristupa opremi i zavarivaču zbog uskog i zatvorenog prostora, složena, skupa i opasna faza izrade spremnika. In the case of a tank whose shell is made of one piece over the entire height, each intermediate floor, at a certain height, must be welded around the entire circumference to the shell of the tank on the inside. Welding on the inside of the tank shell is a complex, expensive and dangerous phase of tank production, due to the difficult access to equipment and the welder due to the narrow and closed space.

Daljnji problem kod ovako ugrađenih međupodnica je taj što se između najniže međupodnice i konusne podnice spremnika stvara komora u obliku prstena trokutastog presjeka. Visina te komore smanjuje se od središta spremnika prema plaštu, što otežava pristup svim dijelovima komore i temeljito čišćenje. Samo u slučaju da je međupodnica oblikovana konusno, identično kao i podnica, visina komore je stalna što olakšava pristup i čišćenje. A further problem with intermediate floors installed in this way is that between the lowest intermediate floor and the conical floor of the tank, a chamber in the form of a ring with a triangular cross-section is created. The height of this chamber decreases from the center of the tank towards the casing, which makes it difficult to access all parts of the chamber and to clean it thoroughly. Only in the case that the intermediate floor is conically shaped, identical to the floor, the height of the chamber is constant, which facilitates access and cleaning.

Temeljni cilj rješenja prema izumu je spremnik s više komora, od kojih se svaka može očistiti brzo, jednostavno i potpuno, i koji omogućava racionalnije iskorištenje prostora vinarskih podruma. The fundamental goal of the solution according to the invention is a tank with several chambers, each of which can be cleaned quickly, easily and completely, and which enables a more rational use of the wine cellar space.

U izvjesnoj mjeri sličan cilindrični spremnik s više komora za tekućine, posebice vino opisan je u patentnim dokumentima EP 0472162 B1 odnosno HR P960173 B1. A somewhat similar cylindrical container with multiple chambers for liquids, especially wine, is described in patent documents EP 0472162 B1 and HR P960173 B1.

Bit i prednosti izuma The essence and advantages of the invention

Primarni cilj izuma je da se donja komora spremnika izvede s konusnim poklopcem koji će vrhom konusa biti okrenut prema podnici donje komore. Vanjski promjer poklopca jednak je vanjskom promjeru plašta donje komore. Debljine stijenki poklopca i plašta također su jednake. Vanjski rub konusnog poklopca izveden je s prijelazom na vertikalni dio u obliku luka s radijusom zaobljenja R. Donji rub vertikalnog dijela stijenke poklopca zavarivanjem se spaja s gornjim rubom plašta komore. The primary goal of the invention is to design the lower chamber of the tank with a conical cover, which will face the bottom of the lower chamber with the tip of the cone. The outer diameter of the cover is equal to the outer diameter of the jacket of the lower chamber. The thicknesses of the cover and mantle walls are also equal. The outer edge of the conical cover is made with a transition to the vertical part in the form of an arc with a radius of rounding R. The lower edge of the vertical part of the cover wall is connected to the upper edge of the chamber shell by welding.

Gornja komora je izvedena bez podnice, a vijenac na donjem dijelu njezinog plašta pod kutom je savijen prema unutra. Spajanje gornje i donje komore izvodi se zavarivanjem ruba savijenog dijela plašta gornje komore na mjestu gdje konusni dio poklopca prelazi u zaobljeni. Bolji rezultat dobiva se dvostranim zavarivanjem - s vanjske i unutarnje strane. U slučaju da zavarivanje s unutarnje strane, iz bilo kojih razloga, nije moguće nepropusnost i potrebnu mehaničku čvrstoću konstrukcije moguće je postići i jednostranim zavarivanjem samo s vanjske strane. Time poklopac donje komore ujedno postaje podnica gornje komore - neka naziv tog dijela spremnika, koji razdvaja njegove komore, bude međupodnica. The upper chamber is made without a floor, and the cornice on the lower part of its mantle is bent inward at an angle. The connection of the upper and lower chambers is performed by welding the edge of the bent part of the mantle of the upper chamber at the point where the conical part of the cover changes to the rounded one. A better result is obtained by double-sided welding - on the outside and inside. In the event that welding from the inside is not possible for any reason, the impermeability and required mechanical strength of the structure can be achieved by one-sided welding only from the outside. Thus, the cover of the lower chamber also becomes the floor of the upper chamber - let the name of that part of the tank, which separates its chambers, be the intermediate floor.

Prednosti ovog rješenja su: The advantages of this solution are:

a) reduciranje ukupne mase spremnika jer je međupodnica istovremeno poklopac donje i podnica gornje komore, a) reducing the total mass of the tank, because the intermediate floor is both the cover of the lower chamber and the floor of the upper chamber,

b) povećanje zapremine spremnika uslijed eliminacije potrebnog razmaka između klasičnih spremnika s podnicom i poklopcem, b) increasing the volume of the tank due to the elimination of the necessary distance between classic tanks with a floor and a lid,

c) ušteda materijala i vremena potrebnog za proizvodnju spremnika s više komora, c) saving materials and time required for the production of tanks with multiple chambers,

d) poboljšanje mogućnosti čišćenja rubnih dijelova unutrašnjosti komora uslijed toga što nema uskih i nepristupačnih mjesta. d) improvement of the possibility of cleaning the edge parts of the inside of the chambers due to the fact that there are no narrow and inaccessible places.

Nedostaci spremnika prema izumu su: The disadvantages of the container according to the invention are:

a) nema mogućnosti promjene potrebnog broja komora jer je ta promjena nužno povezana s promjenom kompletnog spremnika, a) there is no possibility of changing the required number of chambers, because this change is necessarily connected with the change of the complete tank,

b) kompletan spremnik s dvije ili više komora, koji funkcionalno i izvedbeno predstavlja jednu samostalnu cjelinu, ima znatno veću masu i volumen u odnosu na klasično rješenje, kod kojeg je 1 spremnik = 1 komora, čime su znatno smanjene mogućnosti npr. premještanja spremnika. b) a complete tank with two or more chambers, which functionally and functionally represents an independent unit, has a significantly larger mass and volume compared to the classic solution, where 1 tank = 1 chamber, which significantly reduces the possibilities of e.g. moving the tank.

Kratak opis crteža Brief description of the drawing

Priloženi crteži objašnjavaju način realizacije spremnika prema izumu. The attached drawings explain the method of realization of the container according to the invention.

Slika 1 prikazuje varijantu izvedbe samostojećeg spremnika s dvije komore. Figure 1 shows a version of the stand-alone tank with two chambers.

Na slici 2 detalj "A" sa slike 1 prikazuje sve bitne karakteristične detalje konstrukcije donjeg dijela plašta gornje komore, poklopca - međupodnice i plašta donje komore, te njihove zavarene spojeve. In Figure 2, detail "A" from Figure 1 shows all the essential characteristic details of the construction of the lower part of the upper chamber shell, the cover - intermediate floor and the lower chamber shell, and their welded joints.

Detaljan opis ostvarivanja izuma Detailed description of the realization of the invention

Samostojeći spremnik s više komora, prikazan na sl. 1, sastoji se od gornje komore (1) i donje komore (6) koje su međusobno razdvojene međupodnicom (7). Međupodnica (7) je zavarom (13) spojena na plašt (5) donje komore (6). Zavar (13) bolje je izvesti dvostrano, zavarivanjem s vanjske i unutarnje strane, no dostatno je i zavarivanje samo s vanjske strane. Plašt (2) gornje komore (1) je na svojem donjem dijelu savijen je pod kutom α prema unutra i zavarom (12) spojen na vanjski rub međupodnice (7). Zavar (12) također je bolje izvesti dvostrano, no i zavarivanje samo s vanjske strane osigurat će nepropusnost i potrebnu mehaničku čvrstoću konstrukcije. The free-standing multi-chamber tank, shown in Fig. 1, consists of an upper chamber (1) and a lower chamber (6), which are separated from each other by an intermediate floor (7). The intermediate floor (7) is connected to the casing (5) of the lower chamber (6) by welding (13). It is better to perform the weld (13) on both sides, by welding on the outside and inside, but welding only on the outside is also sufficient. The mantle (2) of the upper chamber (1) is bent inward at an angle α on its lower part and connected to the outer edge of the intermediate floor (7) by welding (12). The weld (12) is also better to perform on both sides, but even welding only on the outside will ensure impermeability and the necessary mechanical strength of the structure.

Spremnik prema izumu stoji na nogama (10), a svaka komora ima otvor (4) s vratima. The container according to the invention stands on legs (10), and each chamber has an opening (4) with a door.

Otvor (8) služi za odzračivanje donje komore (6), dok se kroz otvor (9) koji polazi kroz plašt donje komore (6) vrši pražnjenje gornje komore (1). The opening (8) is used for venting the lower chamber (6), while the upper chamber (1) is emptied through the opening (9) that goes through the mantle of the lower chamber (6).

Mjesto i način spajanja gornje (1) i donje komore (6) prikazano je u presjeku na sl. 2. The location and method of connecting the upper (1) and lower chamber (6) is shown in cross-section in Fig. 2.

Prijelaz s konusnog unutarnjeg dijela stijenke međupodnice (7) na vertikalni vanjski dio izveden je zaobljeno s radijusom zaobljenja R. Na plašt (5) donje komore (6) zavaren je dvostranim ili jednostranim zavarom (13). The transition from the conical inner part of the intermediate floor wall (7) to the vertical outer part is rounded with a radius of rounding R. It is welded to the shell (5) of the lower chamber (6) with a double-sided or one-sided weld (13).

Vijenac na donjem dijelu plašta (2) gornje komore (1) je pod kutom α zakrivljen prema unutra i dvostranim ili jednostranim zavarom (12) zavaren na međupodnicu (7). Kut α se odabire tako da spoj gornjeg plašta (2) s međupodnicom (7), bude na početku zaobljenja vanjskog ruba međupodnice (7) prema dolje. Na taj se način s unutarnje strane komore (1) postiže blagi prijelaz vanjskog plašta (2) na međupodnicu (7), što omogućava lakše i temeljitije čišćenje gornje komore (1). Isto tako zaobljenje radijusa R međupodnice (7) omogućava dobro čišćenje gornjeg dijela donje komore (6). The cornice on the lower part of the mantle (2) of the upper chamber (1) is curved inwards at an angle α and is welded to the intermediate floor (7) with a double or one-sided weld (12). The angle α is chosen so that the connection of the upper cover (2) with the intermediate floor (7) is at the beginning of the downward rounding of the outer edge of the intermediate floor (7). In this way, a gentle transition of the outer jacket (2) to the intermediate floor (7) is achieved from the inside of the chamber (1), which enables easier and more thorough cleaning of the upper chamber (1). Likewise, the rounding of the radius R of the intermediate floor (7) enables good cleaning of the upper part of the lower chamber (6).

Temeljito čišćenje unutrašnjosti komora spremnika vrlo je bitno za sve tekućine koje se skladište u ovakvim spremnicima, pogotovo ako se radi o kvalitetnim i/ili vrhunskim vinima. Osim toga kod svih vina, a pogotovo onih osjetljivih, potrebno je spriječiti oksidaciju, a to znači potpuno odzračiti svaku komoru. Thorough cleaning of the interior of the tank chambers is very important for all liquids that are stored in such tanks, especially if it is high-quality and/or premium wines. In addition, with all wines, especially sensitive ones, it is necessary to prevent oxidation, and this means completely venting each chamber.

Ugradnjom otvora (8) za odzračivanje na zaobljeni vanjski rub međupodnice (7) postiže se maksimalna efikasnost i omogućava potpuno odzračivanje svake pojedine komore. Samo kod komore na vrhu spremnika otvor (8) za odzračivanje ugrađuje se na najvišu točku komore, a to je vrh konusa međupodnice (7). The installation of the opening (8) for ventilation on the rounded outer edge of the intermediate floor (7) achieves maximum efficiency and enables complete ventilation of each individual chamber. Only with the chamber on top of the tank, the opening (8) for venting is installed at the highest point of the chamber, which is the top of the cone of the intermediate floor (7).

Međupodnice svih komora spremnika su jednake osim: The intermediate floors of all tank chambers are the same except for:

a) podnice (11) komore na dnu spremnika jer su na nju pričvršćene noge (10), a) the floor (11) of the chamber at the bottom of the tank because the legs (10) are attached to it,

b) poklopca (3) komore na vrhu spremnika koji je vrhom konusa okrenut prema gore, a na vanjskom rubu lukom, s radijusom zaobljenja R1>R, prelazi na okomiti dio stijenke poklopca. b) of the cover (3) of the chamber on the top of the container, which has the top of the cone facing upwards, and on the outer edge, with an arc, with a radius of rounding R1>R, passes to the vertical part of the wall of the cover.

Spremnici prema izumu opremljeni su potrebnim otvorima za čišćenje (4), priključcima za punjenje, pražnjenje (9) i odzračivanje (8), kao i uobičajenim instrumentima i armaturom za stalnu kontrolu i nadzor sadržaja vina u spremniku. Priključak za pražnjenje komore (9) ugrađen je na najnižoj točki komore, a to je dno konusa međupodnice (7)/podnice (11), kako bi se komora mogla potpuno isprazniti. The tanks according to the invention are equipped with the necessary openings for cleaning (4), connections for filling, emptying (9) and venting (8), as well as the usual instruments and fittings for constant control and monitoring of the wine content in the tank. The chamber emptying connection (9) is installed at the lowest point of the chamber, which is the bottom of the intermediate floor (7)/floor (11) cone, so that the chamber can be completely emptied.

Ekspertima ovog područja jasno je kako je moguće načiniti i brojne preinake opisanog spremnika, bez napuštanja duha i opsega izuma. It is clear to experts in this field that it is possible to make numerous modifications of the described container, without abandoning the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A free-standing container with several chambers for storing wine and other liquids, characterized by the fact that it consists of a cylindrical shell (2, 5) and a conical intermediate floor (7) of the same diameter and wall thickness.

2. A free-standing container according to the invention according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer edge of the intermediate floor (7) is rounded with a radius of rounding R and is connected to the shell (5) of the lower chamber (6) by a double or single-sided weld (13).

3. A free-standing container according to the invention according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the mantle (2) of the upper chamber (1) is curved inwards at an angle α and is connected to the intermediate floor (7) by a double or single-sided weld (12).

4. A free-standing container according to the invention according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle α is chosen so that the connection of the upper mantle (2) with the intermediate floor (7) is at the beginning of the downward rounding of the outer edge of the intermediate floor (7).

5. A free-standing tank according to the invention according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that in this way a slight transition of the outer jacket (2) to the intermediate floor (7) is achieved from the inside of the chamber (1), which enables easier and more thorough cleaning of the upper chamber (1).

6. A free-standing tank according to the invention according to claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the installation of the opening (8) for venting on the rounded outer edge of the intermediate floor (7) achieves maximum efficiency and enables complete venting of the chamber, which prevents wine oxidation.

7. A free-standing container according to the invention according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the lid (3) of the chamber on the top of the container is turned with the tip of the cone upwards, and on the outer edge, with a radius of rounding R1>R, it is rounded towards the vertical part of the wall of the lid.

8. A free-standing container according to the invention according to claim 7, characterized in that the opening (8) for venting the chamber at the top of the container is installed at the highest point of the chamber, which is the top of the cover cone (3).

9. Free-standing container according to the invention according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the port for emptying the chamber (9) is installed at the lowest point of the chamber, which is the bottom of the cone of the intermediate floor (7)/floor (11), so that the chamber can be completely empty.