HRP20020562A2

HRP20020562A2 - Method for the preparation of citalopram

Info

Publication number: HRP20020562A2
Authority: HR
Inventors: Hans Petersen; Jakob Felding
Original assignee: Lundbeck & Co As H
Priority date: 2002-06-28
Filing date: 2002-06-28
Publication date: 2003-10-31

Description

Ovaj se izum odnosi na način priprave dobro poznatog depresiva citaloprama, 1-[3-(dimetilamino)propil]-1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitrila. This invention relates to a method of preparing the well-known depressant citalopram, 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-5-isobenzofurancarbonitrile.

Pozadina izuma Background of the invention

Citalopram je dobro poznati antidepresiv koji se već nekoliko godina nalazi na tržištu i koji ima sljedeću formulu: Citalopram is a well-known antidepressant that has been on the market for several years and has the following formula:

[image] [image]

To je selektivni inhibitor ponovne pohrane serotonina s centralnim djelovanjem (5-hidroksitriptamin; 5-HT), koji ima antidepresivni učinak. Antidepresivni učinak tog spoja objavljen je u nekoliko radova, npr. J. Hyttel, Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiat., 1982., 6, 277-295 i A. Gravem, Acta Psychiatr. Scand., 1987., 75, 478-486. Djelotvornost tog spoja u liječenju demencije i cerebrovaskularnih poremećaja također je opisana u EP-A 474580. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with central action (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), which has an antidepressant effect. The antidepressant effect of this compound has been published in several papers, eg J. Hyttel, Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiat., 1982, 6, 277-295 and A. Gravem, Acta Psychiatr. Scand., 1987, 75, 478-486. The efficacy of this compound in the treatment of dementia and cerebrovascular disorders is also described in EP-A 474580.

Citalopram je prvi put opisan u DE 2,657,271 što odgovara US 4,136,193. Ta objava patenta opisuje pripravu citaloprama na jedan način i u glavnim crtama iznosi drugi način koji se može primijeniti za pripravu citaloprama. Citalopram was first described in DE 2,657,271 corresponding to US 4,136,193. That patent publication describes the preparation of citalopram in one way and outlines another method that can be used to prepare citalopram.

Prema opisanom postupku, na odgovarajući 1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitril reagira se 3-(N,N,-dimetilamino)propil-kloridom uz prisutnost metilsulfinilmetida kao kondenzirajućeg agensa. Početni materijal pripravljen je odgovarajućeg 5-bromo derivata reakcijom s bakrenim cijanidom. According to the described procedure, the corresponding 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-5-isobenzofurancarbonitrile is reacted with 3-(N,N,-dimethylamino)propyl chloride in the presence of methylsulfinylmethide as a condensing agent. The starting material was prepared from the corresponding 5-bromo derivative by reaction with copper cyanide.

Prema drugom načinu, koji je samo naznačen u glavnim crtama, citalopram se može dobiti prstenastim zatvaranjem spoja: According to another method, which is only indicated in outline, citalopram can be obtained by ring closure of the compound:

[image] [image]

u prisutnosti dehidrirajućeg agensa i naknadnom zamjenom 5-bromo grupe cijano grupom pomoću bakrenog cijanida. Početni materijal formule II dobiven je iz 5-bromoftalida pomoću dviju uzastopnih Grignardovih reakcija, tj. s 4-fluorofenil magnezijevim kloridom odnosno N,N-dimetilaminopropil magnezijevim kloridom. in the presence of a dehydrating agent and subsequent replacement of the 5-bromo group with a cyano group using copper cyanide. The starting material of formula II was obtained from 5-bromophthalide by means of two successive Grignard reactions, i.e. with 4-fluorophenyl magnesium chloride and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl magnesium chloride.

Novi i neočekivan način te posrednik za pripravu citaloprama opisani su u SAD patentu br. 4,650,884 prema kojem se posrednik s formulom A new and unexpected method and intermediate for the preparation of citalopram are described in US patent no. 4,650,884 according to which the mediator with the formula

[image] [image]

podvrgava reakciji prstenastog zatvaranja dehidracijom pomoću jake sumporne kiseline, kako bi se dobio citalopram. Posrednik formule III pripravljen je iz 5-cijanoftalida pomoću dviju uzastopnih Grignardovih reakcija, tj. s 4-fluorofenil magnezijevim halogenidom odnosno N,N-dimetilaminopropil magnezijevim halogenidom. undergoes a ring closure reaction by dehydration using strong sulfuric acid to give citalopram. The intermediate of formula III was prepared from 5-cyanophthalide by means of two consecutive Grignard reactions, i.e. with 4-fluorophenyl magnesium halide and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl magnesium halide.

Daljnji postupci opisani su u međunarodnim patentnim prijavama br. WO 98/019511, WO 98/019512 i WO 98/019513. WO 98/019512 i WO 98/019513 odnose se na načine u kojima se 5-amino-, 5-karboksi- ili 5-(sec. aminokarbonil)ftalid podvrgavaju dvjema uzastopnim Grignardovim reakcijama, prstenastom zatvaranju i preradom dobivenog derivata 1,3-dihidroizobenzofurana u odgovarajući 5-cijano spoj, tj. citalopram. Međunarodna patentna prijava br. WO 98/019511 opisuje postupak proizvodnje citaloprama u kojem se spoj (4-supstituirani-2-dihidroksimetilfenil-(4-fluorfenil) metanola podvrgava prstenastom zatvaranju, a dobiveni 5-supstituirani 1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidroizobenzofuran konvertira u odgovarajući 5-cijano derivat i alkilira s (3-dimetilamino) propilhalogenidom radi dobivanja citaloprama. Further procedures are described in international patent applications no. WO 98/019511, WO 98/019512 and WO 98/019513. WO 98/019512 and WO 98/019513 relate to processes in which 5-amino-, 5-carboxy- or 5-(sec. aminocarbonyl)phthalide is subjected to two consecutive Grignard reactions, ring closure and processing of the resulting 1,3- of dihydroisobenzofuran into the corresponding 5-cyano compound, i.e. citalopram. International patent application no. WO 98/019511 describes a process for the production of citalopram in which the compound (4-substituted-2-dihydroxymethylphenyl-(4-fluorophenyl)) methanol is subjected to ring closure, and the resulting 5-substituted 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran is converted to the corresponding 5-cyano derivative and alkylated with (3-dimethylamino)propyl halide to give citalopram.

Konačno, načini priprave pojedinačnih enantiomera citaloprama opisani su u SAD patentu br. 4,943,590 iz kojeg je također vidljivo da se prstenasto zatvaranje posrednika formule III može izvesti preko labilnog estera s bazom. Finally, methods of preparation of individual enantiomers of citalopram are described in US patent no. 4,943,590 which also shows that ring closure of intermediates of formula III can be accomplished via a labile ester with a base.

Sada se otkriva da se citalopram može dobiti novim postupkom u kojem se kostur citaloprama formira Diels-Adlerovom reakcijom dihidrobenzofurana s dienom. It is now being discovered that citalopram can be obtained by a new process in which the citalopram skeleton is formed by the Diels-Adler reaction of dihydrobenzofuran with a diene.

Sažetak izuma Summary of the invention

Prema tome, ovaj se izum odnosi na novi način priprave citaloprama, njegovih enantiomera i njihovih kiselinskih soli, koji se način sastoji od: Therefore, this invention relates to a new method of preparing citalopram, its enantiomers and their acid salts, which method consists of:

Reakcije spoja formule Reactions of compounds of the formula

[image] [image]

s with

a) dienom formule III a) diene of formula III

[image] [image]

gdje je X odabran između O, S, SO2, -N=N-, -CO-O- o –O-CO-, nakon čega slijedi oksidacija radi stvaranja citaloprama, where X is selected from O, S, SO2, -N=N-, -CO-O- o –O-CO-, followed by oxidation to form citalopram,

ili s or with

b) spojem formule b) by compounding the formula

[image] [image]

gdje je R alkil ili opcionalno supstotuirani aril ili arilalkil, nakon čega slijedi konverzija dobivenog spoja formule where R is alkyl or optionally substituted aryl or arylalkyl, followed by conversion of the resulting compound of the formula

[image] [image]

u kojem je R kako je gore definirano, u spoj formule wherein R is as defined above, in a compound of the formula

[image] [image]

koji se konvertira u spoj formule which is converted into a compound of the formula

[image] [image]

nakon čega slijedi oksidacija spoja formule VII radi stvaranja citaloprama. followed by oxidation of the compound of formula VII to form citalopram.

Reakcija spoja formule II s dienom formule II obavlja se pod uobičajenim uvjetima za provođenje reakcija tipa Diels-Adler. Tako se reakcija prikladno provodi u otapalu kao što je benzen, toluen, 1,3,5,-trimetilbenzen, na temperaturi između 60 i 180°C, poželjno uz refluks. The reaction of the compound of formula II with the diene of formula II is carried out under the usual conditions for carrying out Diels-Adler type reactions. Thus, the reaction is conveniently carried out in a solvent such as benzene, toluene, 1,3,5,-trimethylbenzene, at a temperature between 60 and 180°C, preferably under reflux.

Početna reakcija spoja formule II s dienom formule III vodi do stvaranja posrednika s formulom The initial reaction of a compound of formula II with a diene of formula III leads to the formation of an intermediate of formula

[image] [image]

u kojoj je X kako je gore definirano. in which X is as defined above.

Oksidacijom posrednika formule II' dolazi do stvaranja citaloprama. Oxidation of the intermediate of formula II' leads to the formation of citalopram.

Oksidacija posrednika formule II' obavlja se uz prisutnost kisika i agensa kao što su Pd/C, S, dideoksiquinon i kloranil. Oxidation of intermediates of formula II' is carried out in the presence of oxygen and agents such as Pd/C, S, dideoxyquinone and chloranil.

U nekim slučajevima, tj. kad je spoj formule III 3-cijanofuran, konverzija posrednika formule II' u citalopram obavlja se uz prisutnost Lewisove kiseline ili mineralne kiseline. Prikladne Lewisove kiseline su ZnCl2, TiCl4, BF3 Et2O itd. Prikladne mineralne kiseline su hidroklorna kiselina, sumporna kiselina itd. In some cases, i.e. when the compound of formula III is 3-cyanofurane, the conversion of the intermediate of formula II' to citalopram is carried out in the presence of a Lewis acid or a mineral acid. Suitable Lewis acids are ZnCl 2 , TiCl 4 , BF 3 Et 2 O, etc. Suitable mineral acids are hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.

Kad je spoj formule III upotrijebljen u tom postupku 3-cijanofuran, posrednik formule II' može se izolirati. When the compound of formula III used in the process is 3-cyanofuran, the intermediate of formula II' can be isolated.

Reakcija spoja formule II sa spojem formule IV obavlja se u uobičajenim uvjetima za provođenje reakcija tipa Diels-Adler. Tako se reakcija prikladno provodi u inertnom otapalu, kao što je benzen, toluen, 1,3,5-trimetilbenzen, na temperaturi između 60 i 180°C, poželjno uz refluks. Aril i arilalkil supstituenti za R u formuli IV mogu se supstituirati supstituentima kao što su halogen, alkil, aloksi itd. The reaction of the compound of formula II with the compound of formula IV is carried out under the usual conditions for carrying out Diels-Adler type reactions. Thus, the reaction is conveniently carried out in an inert solvent, such as benzene, toluene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, at a temperature between 60 and 180°C, preferably under reflux. The aryl and arylalkyl substituents for R in formula IV may be substituted with substituents such as halogen, alkyl, aloxy, etc.

Konverzija spoja formule V u spoj formule VI prikladno se obavlja u vodenom kiselinskom mediju ili u vodenom alkalnom mediju. Conversion of a compound of formula V to a compound of formula VI is conveniently carried out in an aqueous acidic medium or in an aqueous alkaline medium.

Uvođenje cijano grupe u spoj VI prikladno se obavlja reakcijom spoja formule VI s NaCN, KCN ili TMSCN u vodenom mediju nakon čega slijedi dehidriranje pomoću uobičajenih dehidrirajućih agensa kao što su tionilklorid, POCl3, P2O5 ili Vilsmeierov reagens. Kad se koristi TMSCN reakcija se prikladno obavlja uz prisutnost Lewisove kiseline poput ZnCl2, ZNI2 ili BF3, Et2O. Introduction of the cyano group into compound VI is conveniently carried out by reacting the compound of formula VI with NaCN, KCN or TMSCN in an aqueous medium followed by dehydration with conventional dehydrating agents such as thionyl chloride, POCl 3 , P 2 O 5 or Vilsmeier's reagent. When TMSCN is used, the reaction is conveniently carried out in the presence of a Lewis acid such as ZnCl2, ZNI2 or BF3, Et2O.

Spoj formule VII oksidira se radi stvaranja citaloprama uz prisutnost kisika i agensa kao što su Pd/C, dideoksiquinon, kloranil itd. The compound of formula VII is oxidized to form citalopram in the presence of oxygen and agents such as Pd/C, dideoxyquinone, chloranil, etc.

U daljnjem aspektu, ovaj se izum odnosi na gornje postupke u kojima se spoj formule II upotrebljava u obliku S-enantiomera. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to the above processes in which the compound of formula II is used in the form of the S-enantiomer.

U još jednom aspektu, ovaj se izum odnosi na citalopram i S-citalopram proizveden postupkom prema ovom izumu, te na antidepresivnu farmaceutsku smjesu koja sadrži citalopram ili S-citalopram proizveden postupkom prema ovom izumu. In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to citalopram and S-citalopram produced by the process according to the present invention, and to an antidepressant pharmaceutical composition containing citalopram or S-citalopram produced by the process according to the present invention.

Prema ovom izumu, spoj formule II može se pripraviti iz derivata 4-fluorobenzojeve kiseline i transformiran u citalopram i njegove soli postupkom koji se sastoji od: According to the present invention, the compound of formula II can be prepared from a derivative of 4-fluorobenzoic acid and transformed into citalopram and its salts by a process consisting of:

i) Reakcije 4-fluorobenzojeve kiseline formule VIII i) Reactions of 4-fluorobenzoic acid of formula VIII

[image] [image]

u kojoj je Y halogen, posebno, klor, -O-alkil, -NR'R", u kojoj su R' i R" odabrani iz vodika, alkila, aloki ili R' i R" zajedno čine prsten, s M+, ÷C≡C-CH2-=-Z, gdje je M+ ion metala a Z haštitna grupa vodika, nakon čega slijedi odstranjivanje zaštitne grupe Z; in which Y is halogen, in particular, chlorine, -O-alkyl, -NR'R", in which R' and R" are selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkyl or R' and R" together form a ring, with M+, ÷ C≡C-CH2-=-Z, where M+ is a metal ion and Z is a hastite hydrogen group, followed by removal of the protecting group Z;

ii) reagiranja dobivenog spoja formule IX ii) reacting the resulting compound of formula IX

[image] [image]

Grignarovim reagensom formule HalMg(CH2)3NMe2, gdje je Hal klor ili brom; Grignard reagent of the formula HalMg(CH2)3NMe2, where Hal is chlorine or bromine;

iii) redukcije dobivenog spoja formule iii) reduction of the obtained compound of the formula

[image] [image]

radi stvaranja spoja formule in order to create a compound of the formula

[image] [image]

koji se tretira dehidrirajućim agensom kako bi se dobio spoj formule II. which is treated with a dehydrating agent to give a compound of formula II.

Reakcija spoja formule VIII s M+, ÷C≡C-CH2-OZ prikladno se provodi u tetrahidrofuranu, Et2O ili toluenu. Prikladne zaštitne Z grupe čine tetrahidropiran, trialkilsilil itd. Zaštitna se grupe odstranjuje prema uobičajenim načinima odstranjivanja zaštitnih grupa. The reaction of the compound of formula VIII with M+, ÷C≡C-CH2-OZ is conveniently carried out in tetrahydrofuran, Et2O or toluene. Suitable protective Z groups are tetrahydropyran, trialkylsilyl, etc. The protective group is removed according to the usual ways of removing protective groups.

Reakcija spoja formule IX s Grignardovim reagensom provodi se po uobičajenim uvjetima za Grignardove reakcije. Prikladna otapala za Grignardove reakcije su tetrahidrofuran, Et2O i toluen. The reaction of the compound of formula IX with the Grignard reagent is carried out under the usual conditions for Grignard reactions. Suitable solvents for Grignard reactions are tetrahydrofuran, Et2O and toluene.

Redukcija spoja formule X obavlja se u vodi ili etanolu pomoću Raney-Ni ili Lindlar katalizatora kao reducirajućeg agensa. The reduction of the compound of formula X is carried out in water or ethanol using a Raney-Ni or Lindlar catalyst as a reducing agent.

Tretiranje spoja formule XI pomoću dehidrirajućeg agensa prikladno se provodi u toluenu, EtOAc ili tetrahidrofuranu. Prikladni dehidrirajući agensi su toziklorid, metansulfonilklorid itd. Treatment of a compound of formula XI with a dehydrating agent is conveniently carried out in toluene, EtOAc or tetrahydrofuran. Suitable dehydrating agents are thiochloride, methanesulfonyl chloride, etc.

Alternativno, spoj formule II može se pripraviti iz 4-fluorobenzaldehida i transformirati u citalopram i njegove soli postupkom koji se sastoji od: Alternatively, the compound of formula II can be prepared from 4-fluorobenzaldehyde and transformed into citalopram and its salts by a process consisting of:

[image] [image]

iv) reakcije 4-fluorobenzaldehida formule iv) reactions of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde of the formula

s M+, ÷C≡C-CH2-O-Z, gdje je M+ ion metala, a Z zaštitna grupa ili vodik; nakon čega slijedi with M+, ÷C≡C-CH2-O-Z, where M+ is a metal ion and Z is a protecting group or hydrogen; after which follows

v) oksidacija dobivenog spoja formule XIII v) oxidation of the obtained compound of formula XIII

[image] [image]

i odstranjivanje zaštitne grupe Z da bi se stvorila and removing the protecting group Z to form

[image] [image]

vi) reakcija spoja formule IX s Grignardovim reagensom koji ima formulu vi) reaction of a compound of formula IX with a Grignard reagent having the formula

HalMg(CH2)3Nme2 u kojoj je Hal klor ili brom; nakon toga slijedi konverzija spoja formule X u spoj formule II prema gornjem opisu. HalMg(CH2)3Nme2 wherein Hal is chlorine or bromine; this is followed by the conversion of the compound of formula X into the compound of formula II as described above.

Reakcija spoja formule XII s M+, ÷C≡C-CH2-OZ prikladno se provodi u tetrahidrofuranu, Et2O ili toluenu. Zaštitna grupa Z može biti tetrahidropiran, trialkilsilil itd. The reaction of the compound of formula XII with M+, ÷C≡C-CH2-OZ is conveniently carried out in tetrahydrofuran, Et2O or toluene. The protecting group Z can be tetrahydropyran, trialkylsilyl, etc.

Oksidacija spoja formule XIII obavlja se uz prisutnost kisika, prikladno uz prisutnost agensa kao što su Pd/C, DDQ, kloranil itd. Oxidation of the compound of formula XIII is carried out in the presence of oxygen, conveniently in the presence of agents such as Pd/C, DDQ, chloranil, etc.

Zaštitna grupa Z odstranjuje se na načine uobičajene za odstranjivanje zaštitnih grupa. The protecting group Z is removed by methods customary for the removal of protecting groups.

Prema trećoj izvedbi ovog izuma, spoj formule II može se također pripraviti iz dimetil aminopropil-4-fluorobenzofenona i transformirati u citalopram i njegove soli postupkom koji se sastoji od: According to a third embodiment of the present invention, the compound of formula II can also be prepared from dimethyl aminopropyl-4-fluorobenzophenone and transformed into citalopram and its salts by a process consisting of:

viii) reakcije spoja formule viii) reactions of compounds of the formula

[image] [image]

s Grignardovcim reagensom koji ima formulu HalMgCCCH2OmgHal u kojo je Hal klor ili brom; nakon toga slijedi konverzija dobivenog spoja formule X u spoj formule II prema gornjem opisu. with a Grignard reagent having the formula HalMgCCCH2OmgHal in which Hal is chlorine or bromine; this is followed by the conversion of the obtained compound of formula X into the compound of formula II according to the above description.

Reakcija spoja formule XIV s Grignardovim reagensom obavlja se u uvjetima koji su uobičajeni za Grignardove reakcije. Prikladna otapala za Grignardove reakcije su tetrahidrofuran, Et2O i toluen. The reaction of the compound of formula XIV with the Grignard reagent is carried out under conditions that are usual for Grignard reactions. Suitable solvents for Grignard reactions are tetrahydrofuran, Et2O and toluene.

Prema preferiranoj izvedbi ovog izuma, dien formule III koji se koristi za pripravu citaloprama odabire se između 3-cijanofurana, 3-cijano-tiofen 1,1-dioksida, 4-cijano-piridazina i 2-oksa-2H-piran-5-karbonitrila. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diene of formula III used for the preparation of citalopram is selected from 3-cyanofuran, 3-cyano-thiophene 1,1-dioxide, 4-cyano-pyridazine and 2-oxa-2H-pyran-5-carbonitrile .

Potpuna sinteza citaloprama prema gornjem opisu podrazumijeva uporabu novih posrednika za pripravu citaloprama. Novi posrednici gore prikazanih formula (II), (XI) i (X) također su dio ovog izuma. The complete synthesis of citalopram according to the above description implies the use of new intermediates for the preparation of citalopram. The novel intermediates of formulas (II), (XI) and (X) shown above are also part of this invention.

Početni materijali formule III poznati su ili se mogu pripraviti na uobičajene načine. Starting materials of formula III are known or can be prepared by conventional means.

Tako je 3-cijano-furan poznati spoj koji se iz odgovarajućeg 3-bromo-furana, 3-formil-furana ili 3-karboksi-furana može pripraviti na uobičajene načine. Thus, 3-cyano-furan is a known compound that can be prepared from the corresponding 3-bromo-furan, 3-formyl-furan or 3-carboxy-furan in the usual ways.

3-cijano-tiofen 1,1-dioksid može se pripraviti oksidacijom 3-cijano-tiofena pomoću npr. peroksida. 3-cijano-tiofen poznat je iz literature i može se pripraviti iz odgovarajućih 3-bromo-, 3-formil- i 3-karboksi-tiofena. 3-cyano-thiophene 1,1-dioxide can be prepared by oxidation of 3-cyano-thiophene using, for example, peroxide. 3-Cyano-thiophene is known from the literature and can be prepared from the corresponding 3-bromo-, 3-formyl- and 3-carboxy-thiophenes.

4-cijano-piridazin može se pripraviti oksidacijom benzopiridazina pomoću npr. KMnO4 kao oksigenacijskog agensa, nakon čega slijedi dekarboksilacija dobivene piridazin-4,5-dikarboksilne kiseline i konverzija karboksilne kiseline u nitril pomoću uobičajenih načina. 4-Cyano-pyridazine can be prepared by oxidation of benzopyridazine using, for example, KMnO4 as an oxygenating agent, followed by decarboxylation of the resulting pyridazine-4,5-dicarboxylic acid and conversion of the carboxylic acid to a nitrile by conventional methods.

2-Oksa-2H-piran-5-karbonitril može se pripraviti iz odgovarajuće karboksilne kiseline na uobičajene načine za konverziju karboksi grupe u cijano grupu. 2-Oksa-2H-piran-5-karboksilna kiselina može se pripraviti prema opisu u Organic Synthesis, IV, str. 201-202. 2-Oxa-2H-pyran-5-carbonitrile can be prepared from the appropriate carboxylic acid by conventional methods for conversion of the carboxy group to the cyano group. 2-Oxa-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid can be prepared as described in Organic Synthesis, IV, p. 201-202.

Posrednici formula II, X, XI, XII u obliku enantiomera mogu se dobiti pomoću uobičajene tehnike separacije ili prema opisu u US-A-4.943.590. Intermediates of formulas II, X, XI, XII in the form of enantiomers can be obtained by conventional separation techniques or as described in US-A-4,943,590.

Korisno je spojeve tretirati nekom optički aktivnom kiselinom, na primjer (-)- ili (+)-tartarnom kiselinom ili (-)- ili (+)-kamfor-10 – sulfonskom kiselinom , kako bi se odijelila mješavina dijastereoizomeričkih soli i izolirao optički aktivan spoj kao slobodna baza ili njezina sol. It is useful to treat the compounds with some optically active acid, for example (-)- or (+)-tartaric acid or (-)- or (+)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid, in order to separate the mixture of diastereoisomeric salts and isolate the optically active compound as a free base or its salt.

Soli spojeva (II), (X) i (XI) mogu biti bilo koja kiselinska sol, uključujući farmaceutski prihvatljive gore navedene kiselinske soli, na primjer hidroklorid, hidrobromid itd. The salts of compounds (II), (X) and (XI) may be any acid salt, including pharmaceutically acceptable acid salts mentioned above, for example hydrochloride, hydrobromide, etc.

Spoj opće formule I može se koristiti kao slobodna baza ili kao njezina farmaceutski prihvatljiva kiselinska sol. Kao kiselinske soli mogu se koristiti takve soli dobivene pomoću organskih ili anorganskih kiselina. Primjeri takvih organskih soli su maleinska, fumarna, benzojeva, askorbinska, jantarna, oksalna, dimetilensalicilna, metansulfonska, etandisulfonska, octena, propionska, vinska, salicilna, limunska, glukonska, mliječna, jabučna, bademova, cinamična, citrakonska, asparaginska, stearinska, palmitinska, itakonska, glikolna, p-aminobenzojeva, glutaminska, benzen sulfonska i teofilinska kiselinska sol, kao i 8-haloteofilini, na primjer 8-bromoteofilin. Primjeri takvih anorganskih soli su one s hidroklornom, hidrobromnom, sumpornom, sulfaminskom, fosfornom i dušičnom kiselinom. The compound of general formula I can be used as a free base or as a pharmaceutically acceptable acid salt thereof. As acid salts, such salts obtained using organic or inorganic acids can be used. Examples of such organic salts are maleic, fumaric, benzoic, ascorbic, amber, oxalic, dimethylsalicylic, methanesulfonic, ethanedisulfonic, acetic, propionic, tartaric, salicylic, citric, gluconic, lactic, malic, almond, cinnamic, citraconic, aspartic, stearic, palmitic , itaconic, glycolic, p-aminobenzoic, glutamic, benzene sulfonic and theophylline acid salts, as well as 8-halotheophyllines, for example 8-bromotheophylline. Examples of such inorganic salts are those with hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric and nitric acids.

Kiselinske soli spoja prema ovom izumu mogu se pripraviti na načine poznate struci. Na bazu se reagira bilo izračunatom količinom kiseline u otapalu koje se miješa s vodom, poput acetona ili etanola, nakon čega se sol izolira koncentracijom i hlađenjem, bilo suviškom kiseline u otapalu koje se ne miješa s vodom, poput etiletera, etilacetata ili diklorometana, s time da se sol separira sama od sebe. The acid salts of the compounds of this invention can be prepared by methods known in the art. The base is reacted either with a calculated amount of acid in a water-miscible solvent, such as acetone or ethanol, after which the salt is isolated by concentration and cooling, or with an excess of acid in a water-immiscible solvent, such as ethyl ether, ethyl acetate or dichloromethane, with by the fact that the salt separates by itself.

Farmaceutska smjesa prema ovom izumu može se primjenjivati na bilo koji prikladan način i u bilo kojem prikladnom obliku, na primjer oralno u obliku tableta, kapsula, prašaka ili sirupa ili parenteralno u obliku uobičajenih sterilnih otopina za ubrizgavanje. The pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may be administered in any suitable manner and in any suitable form, for example orally in the form of tablets, capsules, powders or syrups or parenterally in the form of conventional sterile injectable solutions.

Farmaceutska formulacija ovog izuma može se pripraviti na u struci uobičajene načine. Na primjer, tablete se mogu pripravljati miješanjem aktivnih tvari s običnim pomagalima i/ili razrjeđivačima te zatim komprimiranjem te mješavine u stroju za tabletiranje . Primjeri pomagala ili otapala su : škrobno brašno, krumpirovo brašno, talk, magnezijev stearat, želatina, laktoza, smole i slično. Mogu se koristiti bilo kakva pomagala ili aditivne boje, aroma, konzervansi itd. pod uvjetom da su kompatibilni s aktivnim tvarima. The pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention can be prepared by methods customary in the art. For example, tablets can be prepared by mixing the active substances with common excipients and/or diluents and then compressing the mixture in a tableting machine. Examples of aids or solvents are: starch flour, potato flour, talc, magnesium stearate, gelatin, lactose, resins and the like. Any aids or additive colors, flavors, preservatives, etc. can be used provided they are compatible with the active substances.

Otopine za ubrizgavanje mogu se pripravljati otapanjem aktivnih tvari i eventualnih aditiva u dijelu otapala za ubrizgavanje, preferirano sterilnoj vodi, uz podešavanje otopine do željenog volumena, sterilizaciju otopine i njezino punjenje u prikladne ampule ili bočice. Može se dodati bilo koji prikladan aditiv koji se uobičajeno koristi u struci, poput tonizirajućih agensa, konzervansa, antioksidansa itd. Solutions for injection can be prepared by dissolving active substances and possible additives in part of the solvent for injection, preferably sterile water, adjusting the solution to the desired volume, sterilizing the solution and filling it into suitable ampoules or vials. Any suitable additive commonly used in the art, such as toning agents, preservatives, antioxidants, etc., may be added.

Claims

1. A method for the preparation of citalopram or any of its enantiomers and their acid salts characterized in that it consists in the reaction of a compound of the formula [image] with a) a dienom having the formula [image] where X represents O, S, SO2, -N=N-, -CO-=- or –O-CO-; followed by oxidation to form citalopram; or with b) by compounding the formula [image] where R is alkyl or optionally substituted aryl or arylalkyl; followed by conversion of the resulting compound of the formula [image] where R is as defined above, in the compound of the formula [image] which is converted into a compound of the formula [image] followed by oxidation of a compound of formula VII to form citalopram; and thereafter optional conversion of the free base or acid salt of the thus obtained citalopram into its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

2. The method according to patent claim 1 characterized in that the compound of formula II is prepared i) by the reaction of the 4-fluorobenzoic acid derivative of the formula [image] where Y is halogen, especially chlorine, -O-alkyl, -NR'R" where R' and R" are selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy or R' and R" together form a ring, with M+, ÷C≡C -CH2-O-Z, Z, where M+ is a metal ion and Z is a protecting group or hydrogen, followed by removal of the protecting group Z and ii) by reaction of the obtained compound of formula IX [image] with a Grignard reagent having the formula HalMg(CH2)3NMe2 where Hal is chlorine or bromine; iii) by reduction of the obtained compound of the formula [image] in order to form a compound of the formula [image] which is treated as a dehydrating agent for the formation of the compound of formula II.

3. The method according to patent claim 1 characterized in that the compound of formula II is prepared vi) by reaction of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde of formula XII [image] with M+, ÷C≡C-CH2-O-Z, where M+ is a metal ion and Z is a protecting group or hydrogen; v) by oxidation of the obtained compound of formula XIII [image] and removing the protecting group Z to obtain a compound of formula IX [image] vi) by reacting a compound of formula IX with a Grignard reagent having the formula HalMg(CH2)3NMe2 where Hal is chlorine or bromine; vii) by reduction of the obtained compound of the formula [image] in order to obtain a compound of the formula [image] which is treated with a dehydrating agent to give a compound of formula II.

4. The method according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the compound of formula II is prepared viii) by the reaction of the compound of the formula [image] with a Grignard reagent having the formula HalMgCCCH2OmgHal, where Hal is chlorine or bromine; vix) by reduction of the obtained compound of the formula [image] in order to obtain a compound of the formula [image] which is treated with a dehydrating agent to obtain a compound of formula II.

5. A compound characterized by having the formula [image] and any of its enantiomers and their acid salts.

6. A compound characterized by having the formula [image] and any of its enantiomers and their acid salts.

7. A compound characterized by having the formula [image] and any of their enantiomers and acid salts thereof.

8. The method according to patent claim 1 characterized in that the compound II is used in the form of the S-enantiomer.

9. Citalopram characterized by the fact that it is prepared in the manner according to patent claim 1.

10. S-citalopram characterized by the fact that it is prepared according to claim 8.

11. A pharmaceutical composition characterized in that it consists of a compound according to claim 9 or 10 suitable together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents.