HRP20000187A2

HRP20000187A2 - Combined electric hand tools including straight and circular motion

Info

Publication number: HRP20000187A2
Application number: HR20000187A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Mikulić Jadranko
Original assignee: Mikulić Jadranko
Priority date: 2000-04-04
Filing date: 2000-04-04
Publication date: 2002-02-28
Also published as: HRPK20000187B1

Description

Područje na koje se izum odnosi The field to which the invention relates

Ovaj izum po međunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata (MPK) spada pod sekciju B, podsekcija oblikovanje According to the International Patent Classification (IPC), this invention belongs to section B, subsection design

B 23 B 45/00 ručne ili slične prenosive bušilice (51/00 - alati za bušilice) B 23 B 45/00 hand or similar portable drills (51/00 - drill tools)

B 23 D 49/00 strojevi ili uređaji za piljenje s pravocrtnim naizmjeničnim kretanjem pile. B 23 D 49/00 Sawing machines or devices with rectilinear reciprocating saw motion.

B 25 F kombinirani alati ili alati za višestruke namjene koji nisu obuhvaćeni na drugom mjestu B 25 F combination tools or multi-purpose tools not covered elsewhere

B 26 D rezanje, konstrukcijski elementi strojeva za odvajanje npr. rezanjem, bušenjem.. B 26 D cutting, structural elements of machines for separation, e.g. by cutting, drilling..

Tehnički problem Technical problem

Nedostatak ručnih električnih alata višestruke namjene s kombiniranim operacijama, koji mogu naći primjenu kod modelara svih vrsta, kipara, zlatara, urara, u školskim radionama, te hobista. The lack of multi-purpose electric hand tools with combined operations, which can be used by modelers of all kinds, sculptors, goldsmiths, watchmakers, in school workshops, and hobbyists.

Ovaj ručni električni alat ima ravno (pravocrtno) i obrtno (rotaciono) kretanje tako da ovaj alat ima svojstva brusilice (tipa ubodne pile), ubodne pile, ili ako koristimo obrtno kretanje, bušilice i odvijača. Ovdje se radi o primjeni više alata u jednom. This handheld power tool has a straight (rectilinear) and rotary (rotary) motion so this tool has the properties of a grinder (jig saw type), jigsaw, or if we use rotary motion, a drill and a screwdriver. This is about applying multiple tools in one.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

Dosadašnje stanje tehnike ogleda se u primjeni ručnih električnih alata kao zasebnoj cjelini (samo bušilica, samo brusilica, samo ubodna pila itd.). I do sada su saživili alati koji se mogu kombinirati ali samo cjelokupnom izmjenom glava karakterističnim za samo tu vrstu alata. Ovdje se radi o zasebnom alatu s kombiniranim kretanjem. The current state of the art is reflected in the use of hand-held electric tools as a separate unit (drill only, grinder only, jigsaw only, etc.). And until now, they have lived tools that can be combined, but only by changing the entire head characteristic of that type of tool. This is a separate tool with a combined motion.

Izlaganje suštine izuma Presentation of the essence of the invention

Da jednostavnije shvatimo suštinu izuma opisat ću rad alata kao bušilicu i kao ubodnu pilu. Rezni elementi (svrdlo, pila, turpija…) se umeću u steznu glavu alata klasične izvedbe vodeći računa o osnovnim principima reznih elemenata (pila ne može biti svrdlo). To understand the essence of the invention more simply, I will describe the operation of the tool as a drill and as a jig saw. Cutting elements (drill bit, saw, file...) are inserted into the chuck of the classic design tool, taking into account the basic principles of cutting elements (a saw cannot be a drill bit).

Bušilica - guranjem radnog vretena alata rukom prema unutrašnjosti alata dok se ne čuje “klik” uspostavlja se kontakt užljebljenog dijela vretena s ožljebljenim dijelom vretena motora pri čemu se zupčanik motora izbacuje iz kontakta s zupčanikom koji je zadužen za ravno kretanje pinole. Tako se sav obrtni moment motora preko žljebova prenosi na vreteno bušilice i u tom trenutku imamo samo kružno kretanje karakteristično za bušilicu. Drill - by pushing the working spindle of the tool by hand towards the inside of the tool until a "click" is heard, contact is established between the grooved part of the spindle and the grooved part of the motor spindle, whereby the motor gear is pushed out of contact with the gear that is responsible for the straight movement of the quill. Thus, all the torque of the motor is transferred to the spindle of the drill through the grooves, and at that moment we only have the circular motion characteristic of the drill.

Ubodna pila - guranjem vretena bušilice prema van (klik) vreteno bušilice nije više u kontaktu s vratilom motora nego se uspostavlja veza zupčanika motora (opruga gura zupčanik) s zupčanikom čiji donji dio ima ekscentar koji prilikom okretanja gura vilicu koja je u čvrstoj vezi s pinolom tako da dobivamo ravno kretanje. Jig saw - by pushing the spindle of the drill outwards (click), the spindle of the drill is no longer in contact with the motor shaft, but a connection is established between the motor gear (the spring pushes the gear) with the gear, the lower part of which has an eccentric which, when turning, pushes the fork, which is firmly connected to the quill so we get straight motion.

Za siguran rad alata bitna su tri konstrukcijska rješenja koja će ući u zaštitu patenta For the safe operation of the tool, three structural solutions are essential, which will be included in the patent protection

1. Izrada pravokutnog žlijeba na ustima pinole i pravokutnog dosjeda na vretenu bušilice. Dosjed vretena ulazi u žlijeb pinole i time omogućava fiksiranje vretena prilikom rada alata kao ubodne pile, te omogućava navrtanje stezne glave kao i stezanje reznog alata postavljenog u steznu glavu. Dosjed u žlijebu onemogućava okretanje stezne glave, prilikom uporabe alata kao ubodne pile, samo u kombinaciji s nastavkom. 1. Making a rectangular groove on the mouth of the quill and a rectangular fit on the spindle of the drill. The seat of the spindle enters the quill groove and thus enables the spindle to be fixed when the tool is working as a jig saw, and enables the screwing of the chuck as well as the clamping of the cutting tool placed in the chuck. The fit in the groove prevents the chuck from turning, when using the tool as a jig saw, only in combination with the attachment.

2. Nastavak koji se postavlja na vanjski dio pinole fiksira se na pinolu u dva moguća položaja pomoću kuglica. Nastavak pokrećemo tako da prstima obuhvatimo prsten nastavka gurnemo ga prema naprijed pri čemu sabijamo oprugu i omogućavamo kuglicama da iziđu iz polukružnog kanala na pinoli. Guranjem nastavka u krajnji položaj guramo i steznu glavu koja za sobom vuče vreteno bušilice sve dok dosjed vretena ne uđe u usta pinole. Konusni dio prstena nastavka potiskuje kuglice u kanal na pinoli i tako tvori siguran osigurač čija je funkcija spriječavanje iskakanja dosjeda vretena iz usta pinole zbog reznih sila. 2. The extension, which is placed on the outer part of the quill, is fixed on the quill in two possible positions using balls. We start the extension by grasping the ring of the extension with our fingers and pushing it forward, thereby compressing the spring and allowing the balls to exit the semicircular channel on the pinion. By pushing the bit to the end position, we also push the clamping head, which pulls the spindle of the drill behind it, until the end of the spindle enters the mouth of the quill. The conical part of the attachment ring pushes the balls into the channel on the quill and thus forms a safe fuse whose function is to prevent the spindle from popping out of the mouth of the quill due to cutting forces.

Uporaba nastavka, izrada žlijeba i dosjeda, potrebno je samo kada koristimo alat kao ubodnu pilu (turpiju). Postavljanjem kuglica nastavka u kanal bliže kućištu alata, omogućavamo guranje stezne glave prema unutar i zahvat vretena bušilice s vretenom motora tako da koristimo alat kao bušilicu. The use of an extension, making a groove and a butt, is only necessary when we use the tool as a jig saw (file). By placing the attachment balls in the channel closer to the tool housing, we enable the chuck to be pushed inward and the drill spindle to engage with the motor spindle so that we use the tool as a drill.

3. Kuglični ležaj na vretenu osiguran uskočnim prstenom (zeger) i limeni kutni graničnik postavljeni su zbog “klik” kontrole i zbog ograničavanja pomaka vretena pri uporabi alata kao bušilice. Prilikom bušenja aksijalne sile se preko kugličnog ležaja prenose na kutni graničnik pa su ležajevi motora (ili reduktora ako ga ima) rasterećeni aksijalnih sila. 3. A ball bearing on the spindle secured by a snap ring (zeger) and a tin corner stop are installed for "click" control and to limit the movement of the spindle when using the tool as a drill. During drilling, axial forces are transmitted to the angle stop via the ball bearing, so the bearings of the motor (or the reducer, if any) are relieved of axial forces.

Ovaj je alat prikazan u verziji “minicraft ”alata što ne znači da ne može biti konstruiran kao alat znatno veće snage uz uporabu napona od 220 V. Optimalna uporaba alata je zamišljena uz uporabu akumulatorskih baterija (AKU) tako da alatu možemo pripisati još jednu radnu funkciju-odvijač. This tool is shown in the "minicraft" version of the tool, which does not mean that it cannot be constructed as a significantly higher power tool using a voltage of 220 V. The optimal use of the tool is designed with the use of rechargeable batteries (AKU) so that we can attribute another working function to the tool screwdriver function.

Da li će alat biti konstruiran kao mini crafit ili kao AKU alat uz uporabu prijenosnika, odlučit će proizvođač jer su to već poznate stvari tehnike. Whether the tool will be constructed as a mini crafit or as an AKU tool with the use of a transmission, will be decided by the manufacturer because these are already known technical matters.

Kratak opis crteža Brief description of the drawing

Popratni crteži daju prikaz jedne od mogućih varijanti izvedbe kućišta i sklopnih dijelova ne ulazeći u dizajn i izbor materijala. The accompanying drawings show one of the possible versions of the housing and connecting parts without going into the design and choice of materials.

Sl. 1 je prikaz kućišta kao mini crafit alat i kao AKU alat Sl. 1 is a representation of the case as a mini craft tool and as an AKU tool

Sl. 2 prikazuje bit unutarnje konstrukcije gdje su zupčanici u zahvatu a vreteno van zahvata pa imamo uporabu alata kao ubodne pile. Sl. 2 shows the essence of the internal structure where the gears are engaged and the spindle is out of engagement, so we have the use of the tool as a jig saw.

Sl. 3 je prikaz sklopnih elemenata. Sl. 3 is a view of the connecting elements.

Sl. 4 je prikaz alata kao ubodne pile uz prikaz stezne glave i nastavka kao osigurača pri čemu je ekscentar zupčanika u donjoj mrtvoj točki. Sl. 4 is a view of the tool as a jig saw with a view of the chuck and bit as a fuse, with the gear eccentric at bottom dead center.

Sl. 5 je prikaz alata kao bušilice. Nastavak je u položaju bliže kućištu, ležaj je unutar limenog graničnika, vreteno u kontaktu s vretenom motora a zupčanici van zahvata. Sl. 5 is a view of the tool as a drill. The extension is in a position closer to the housing, the bearing is inside the sheet stop, the spindle is in contact with the motor spindle and the gears are out of engagement.

Sl. 6 je prikaz položaja ekscentra zupčanika i pinole u gornjoj mrtvoj točki. Sl. 6 is a representation of the position of the gear eccentric and pinion at top dead center.

Sl. 7 je prikaz ekscentra u neutralnom položaju. Da se zaključiti da je poželjno da ekscentar zupčanika bude bliže donjoj mrtvoj točki što se lako postiže ručnim okretanjem vretena prije uporabe. Sl. 7 is a view of the eccentric in the neutral position. To conclude that it is desirable that the eccentric of the gear is closer to the bottom dead center which is easily achieved by turning the spindle by hand before use.

Sl. 8 je prikaz alata samo kao ubodna pila (turpija) bez vretena s izmjenama (fiksiran zupčanik, drugačija pinola) koje u kinematskom smislu nisu bitne. Sl. 8 is a representation of the tool only as a jigsaw (file) without a spindle with changes (fixed gear, different quill) that are not important in the kinematic sense.

Detaljan opis najmanje jednog od načina ostvarivanja izuma A detailed description of at least one way of realizing the invention

Alat se sastoji od kućišta 1 u koji je smješten motor s ožljebljenim vratilom na koje se navlači užljebljeni zupčanik 2 kojega potiskuje elastična opruga14, zupčanika 12 koji na poleđini ima ekscentar koji ulazi u vilicu11 koja je čvrsto spojena s pinolom 8, vretena 9 koji se može okretati unutar pinole zahvaljujući igličastim ležajevima 10, kugličnog ležaja 6 koji je fiksiran na prošireni dio vretena 5 pomoću uskočnog prstena (zegera) 27, limenog graničnika 4 smještenog u distantni prsten 3, distantnog tijela 16, kliznog ležaja 7 u kojem se pravocrtno kreće pinola 8, elastične membrane 23 koja se navlači na pinolu i kućište u svrhu zaštite ležaja od prašine, nastavka 17 i stezne glave 18. The tool consists of a housing 1 in which a motor with a grooved shaft is placed, on which a grooved gear 2 is pushed, which is pushed by an elastic spring 14, a gear 12 that has an eccentric on the back that enters the fork 11 that is firmly connected to the pinion 8, a spindle 9 that can be rotate inside the quill thanks to the needle bearings 10, the ball bearing 6 which is fixed to the extended part of the spindle 5 by means of the snap ring (zeger) 27, the sheet stop 4 located in the distance ring 3, the distance body 16, the sliding bearing 7 in which the quill moves in a straight line 8 , elastic membrane 23 that is pulled onto the quill and housing to protect the bearing from dust, extension 17 and chuck 18.

Dio kućišta 1 se navija na dio kućišta 1* i omogućava jednostavan pristup svim elementima alata. Part of the housing 1 is screwed onto the part of the housing 1* and allows easy access to all elements of the tool.

Vreteno 9 je jedinstvena kruta cjelina s užljebljenjem u proširenom dijelu vretena 5, dosjedom 25 i navojem na vrhu na koji se navija stezna glava 18. Dosjed na bočnim stranama ima poluloptasta udubljenja u koje uskače kuglica smještena zajedno s oprugom u tijelu pinole sl. 3. The spindle 9 is a unique rigid unit with a groove in the extended part of the spindle 5, a socket 25 and a thread on the top on which the chuck 18 is wound.

Pinola 8 u svojim ustima ima postavljene igličaste ležajeve 10, ima pravokutni žlijeb (kanal) 26 u koji ulazi dosjed vretena 25, na vanjskom dijelu ima urađena dva polukružna kanala po cijelom obodu i oni omogućavaju postavljanje nastavka. Pinole 8 has needle bearings 10 installed in its mouth, it has a rectangular groove (channel) 26 into which the spindle seat 25 enters, and two semicircular channels have been made on the outer part around the entire circumference and they enable the fitting of the attachment.

Vilica 11 poput šake obuhvaća ekscentar zupčanika 20 i kreće se samo pravocrtno zahvaljujući umetnutoj osovinici 13 koja prolazi kroz zupčanik a fiksirana je distantnim prstenom 3. Vilica i pinola mogu se izraditi i kao jedno tijelo. The fork 11, like a hand, covers the eccentric of the gear 20 and moves only in a straight line thanks to the inserted pin 13 that passes through the gear and is fixed by the spacer ring 3. The fork and pinion can also be made as one body.

Nastavak 17 sastoji se od unutarnjeg i vanjskog prstena, opruge 21, dvije ili više kuglica 19 po obodu i gumenog prstena 22 čije skidanje omogućava izbacivanje kuglica van prstena (samo kada je opruga sabijena vanjskim prstenom) i tako cjelokupno demontiranje nastavka. Svaka od kuglica ima svoje ležište kroz koje ulazi u polukružne kanale u pinoli. The attachment 17 consists of an inner and outer ring, a spring 21, two or more balls 19 around the circumference and a rubber ring 22, the removal of which enables the balls to be thrown out of the ring (only when the spring is compressed by the outer ring) and thus the complete dismantling of the attachment. Each of the balls has its own bed through which it enters the semicircular channels in the pinole.

Distantni prsten 3 nosi zupčanik s ekscentrom 12, usmjerava kretanje vilice pomoću osovinice 13, te nosi limeni graničnik 4. The distance ring 3 carries the gear with the eccentric 12, directs the movement of the fork by means of the pin 13, and carries the metal stopper 4.

Način primjene izuma Method of application of the invention

Izum se može koristiti u mnogim djelatnostima u kojima se koristi bušilica, ubodna pila, turpija, odvijač, pri čemu imamo sve te ručne alate u jednom alatu. Neznatno je složenije konstrukcije i uputa za korištenje alata ali u odnosu na mogućnosti alata ta usložnjenost blijedi. Optimalnu mogućnost primjene alata postigli bi uporabom alata kao AKU alata. Znatno jeftiniju verziju imamo ako koristimo alat kao “minicraft ”alat. U alat se može ugraditi prijenosnik (reduktor) ali to su već poznate stvari tehnike i nisu predmet ovog izlaganja. The invention can be used in many activities that use a drill, jig saw, file, screwdriver, and we have all these hand tools in one tool. The construction and instructions for using the tool are slightly more complex, but this complexity pales in comparison to the tool's capabilities. The optimal possibility of applying the tool would be achieved by using the tool as an AKU tool. We have a much cheaper version if we use the tool as a "minicraft" tool. A transmission (reducer) can be installed in the tool, but these are already known technical matters and are not the subject of this presentation.

Claims

1. Hand electric tool with straight movement, characterized by the fact that it uses a gear (12) that has an eccentric (20) on its back, which is covered by a fork (11) that moves left-right (inside-out) due to the rotation of the gear and the eccentric while the fork is (11) in a tight connection with the quill (8) (or the fork and the quill are made as one body) so that we have a tool like a jig saw, without a spindle.

2. Manual electric tool with straight and circular movement, characterized by the fact that it uses a gear (12) that has an eccentric (20) on its back, which is covered by a fork (11) that moves left-right (inside-out) due to the rotation of the gear and the eccentric, and the fork (11) is firmly connected to the tubular quill (8) (or the fork and the quill are made as one body) on which the extension (17) is placed, and inside the quill there is a spindle (9) which has the role of transmitting a circular ( rotary) movement on which the chuck of the tool is placed and it can be moved by hand to a limited extent towards the inside or outside of the tool (left or right) so that by pulling out the spindle (9) the spindle seat (25) enters the mouth of the quill (26) and the spindle becomes rigid to turn or unscrew the chuck (18) and at the same time the spindle is thrown out of engagement with the spindle of the tool motor and in this way the movable gear (2) enters engagement with the gear (12) so that we get the principle of a jig saw (file), and when the spindle moves towards the inside of the tool, the dowel comes out of the the mouth of the quill and the other end of the spindle, which is grooved, pushes the gear (2) out of engagement with the gear (12), establishing contact between the motor and the spindle through the grooves, and in this way we get a drill.

3. Extension according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that it consists of an inner and outer ring (17), balls (19), a spring (21) and a ring (22) that is tightly pulled onto the inner ring of the extension right next to the balls so that the balls do not would escape, and it is used by grasping the outer ring of the bit (17) with the fingers with the aim of compressing the spring (21) and releasing the balls so much that they can come out of the hole so as not to prevent the threading of the bit on the quill (8) which has two semicircular channels are provided for the balls, made around the entire outer circle of the quill, into which the balls enter when the outer ring of the attachment is released because the spring pushes the ring so that the conical part of the outer ring of the attachment pushes the balls into the intended channel on the quill thus creating a solid connection extension and quill, and everything to prevent the extension from ejecting the spindle seat from the mouth of the quill due to the cutting forces present when using the tool from requirement 2 as a jig saw (file).

4. Hand-held electric tool from claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that it is used as a tool whose motor is started via power adapters and accumulator batteries (AKU).

5. Hand-held electric tool from claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is used as a tool whose motor is driven by a voltage of 220 V 50 Hz.