HK40069918A - Imidazolium zwitterion polymerizable compounds and ophthalmic devices incorporating them - Google Patents

Description

Imidazolium zwitterionic polymerizable compounds and ophthalmic devices incorporating them

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority from U.S. patent application serial No. 17/317,259 filed on day 11/5/2021 and U.S. provisional patent application serial No. 63/039,485 filed on day 16/6/2020, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to imidazolium zwitterionic polymerizable compounds, polymers made therefrom, and their use in ophthalmic devices and/or packaging solutions for ophthalmic devices.

Background

Since the 50 s of the 20 th century, contact lenses have been used commercially to improve vision. Contact lenses were initially made of hard materials. Although these lenses are still in use today, they are not suitable for all patients due to their poor initial comfort and their relatively low oxygen permeability. Subsequent developments in this area have resulted in hydrogel-based soft contact lenses, which are extremely popular today. Many users find soft lenses more comfortable and the increased comfort level may allow soft contact lens users to wear their lenses for longer periods of time than hard contact lens users.

Many users rely on contact lenses to meet their vision care needs, and thus there is a continuing drive in the industry to further improve the characteristics of contact lenses and other ophthalmic devices, such as increasing hydrophilicity or equilibrium water content, and/or providing anti-fouling or antimicrobial activity.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention relates to novel zwitterionic polymerizable compounds suitable for use in ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses. For example, the compounds may be incorporated into the covalent structure of an ophthalmic device, or they may be polymerized and used as a coating or non-covalently attached additive for ophthalmic devices. Polymers derived from zwitterionic polymerizable compounds can also be used as additives in packaging solutions for ophthalmic devices. The resulting ophthalmic devices exhibit advantageous properties, including increased water content, which is particularly desirable in hydrogel contact lenses.

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention provides a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I:

wherein R is¹、R²And R³Independently H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl; l is¹And L²Each independently is a linking group; and R is_gIs a polymerizable group.

In another aspect, the present invention provides an ophthalmic device comprising a polymer derived from a zwitterionic polymerizable compound as described herein.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a blister package comprising an ophthalmic device and a packaging solution, wherein the packaging solution comprises a polymer derived from a polymerizable zwitterionic compound as described herein.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of construction or process steps set forth in the following description. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways using the teachings herein.

The following definitions are provided with respect to terms used in this disclosure.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The Polymer definitions conform to those disclosed in Richard G.Jones, Jaroslav Kahovec, Robert Stepto, Edward S.Wilks, Michael Hess, Tatsuki Kitayama and W.Val Metanomski, the Compendium of Polymer technology and Nomenformat, IUPAC communications 2008 recommended by IUPAC in 2008. All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference.

As used herein, the term "(methyl)" refers to optional methyl substitution. Thus, terms such as "(meth) acrylate" refer to both methacrylate and acrylate.

Wherever chemical structures are provided, it is understood that the disclosed alternatives to substituents on the structures may be combined in any combination. Thus, if a structure contains substituents R and R, each of them contains three lists of possible groups, 9 combinations are disclosed. The same applies for the combination of properties.

When the subscript is such as]_nWhere "n" in (a) is used to describe the number of repeat units in a chemical formula for a polymer, the formula should be interpreted to mean the number average molecular weight of the macromolecule.

The term "subject" includes humans and vertebrates.

The term "ophthalmic device" refers to any device that is located in or on the eye or any part of the eye, including the ocular surface. These devices may provide optical correction, cosmetic enhancement, vision improvement, therapeutic benefits (e.g., use as a bandage), or delivery of active components, such as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical components, or a combination of any of the foregoing functions. Examples of ophthalmic devices include, but are not limited to, lenses, optics, and ocular inserts (including, but not limited to, punctal plugs, etc.). "lens" includes soft contact lenses, hard contact lenses, hybrid contact lenses, intraocular lenses, and overlay lenses. The ophthalmic device may comprise a contact lens.

The term "contact lens" refers to an ophthalmic device that can be placed on the cornea of an eye of an individual. Contact lenses may provide corrective, cosmetic, or therapeutic benefits, including wound healing, drug or nutritional formulation delivery, diagnostic evaluation or monitoring, ultraviolet light absorption, visible light or glare reduction, or any combination thereof. The contact lens may be any suitable material known in the art, and may be a soft lens, a hard lens, or a hybrid lens comprising at least two different portions having different physical, mechanical, or optical properties, such as modulus, water content, light transmission, or a combination thereof.

The ophthalmic devices of the present invention may be comprised of silicone hydrogels or conventional hydrogels. Silicone hydrogels generally contain at least one hydrophilic monomer and at least one silicone-containing component that are covalently bonded to each other in a curing device.

By "target macromolecule" is meant a macromolecule synthesized from a reactive monomer mixture comprising monomers, macromers, prepolymers, crosslinkers, initiators, additives, diluents, and the like.

The term "polymerizable compound" means a compound containing one or more polymerizable groups. The term encompasses, for example, monomers, macromers, oligomers, prepolymers, crosslinkers, and the like.

A "polymerizable group" is a group that can undergo chain growth polymerization (such as free radical and/or cationic polymerization), for example a carbon-carbon double bond that can polymerize when subjected to free radical polymerization initiating conditions. Non-limiting examples of free radically polymerizable groups include (meth) acrylates, styrenes, vinyl ethers, (meth) acrylamides, N-vinyl lactams, N-vinyl amides, O-vinyl urethanes, O-vinyl carbonates, and other vinyl groups. Preferably, the free radically polymerizable group comprises (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, and styryl functional groups, as well as mixtures of any of the foregoing. More preferably, the free radically polymerizable group includes (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylamides, and mixtures thereof. The polymerizable group may be optionally substituted. For example, the nitrogen atom in (meth) acrylamide may be bound to hydrogen, or hydrogen may be replaced by an alkyl or cycloalkyl group (which may itself be further substituted).

Any type of free radical polymerization may be used, including, but not limited to, bulk, solution, suspension, and emulsion, as well as any of the controlled free radical polymerization methods, such as stable free radical polymerization, nitroxide-mediated living polymerization, atom transfer free radical polymerization, reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, organotellurium-mediated living free radical polymerization, and the like.

A "monomer" is a monofunctional molecule that can undergo chain growth polymerization (and specifically free radical polymerization) to form repeat units in the chemical structure of the target macromolecule. Some monomers have difunctional impurities that can act as crosslinkers. "hydrophilic monomers" are additionally monomers that when mixed with deionized water at a concentration of 5% by weight at 25 ℃ result in a clear single phase solution. A "hydrophilic component" is a monomer, macromer, prepolymer, initiator, crosslinker, additive, or polymer that, when mixed with deionized water at a concentration of 5 weight percent at 25 ℃, produces a clear, single-phase solution. A "hydrophobic component" is a monomer, macromer, prepolymer, initiator, crosslinker, additive, or polymer that is slightly soluble or insoluble in deionized water at 25 ℃.

A "macromolecule" is an organic compound having a number average molecular weight greater than 1500, and may be reactive or non-reactive.

A "macromonomer (or macromonomer)" is a macromolecule having one group that can undergo chain growth polymerization (and specifically free radical polymerization) to form a repeat unit in the chemical structure of the target macromolecule. Typically, the chemical structure of the macromonomer is different from that of the target macromolecule, in other words, the recurring units of the side groups of the macromonomer are different from those of the target macromolecule or its backbone. The difference between the monomer and the macromer is only one of the chemical structure, molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution of the pendant group. Thus, and as used herein, the patent literature occasionally defines a monomer as a polymerizable compound having a relatively low molecular weight of about 1,500 daltons or less, which essentially includes some macromers. Specifically, monomethacryloxypropyl-terminated mono-n-butyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (molecular weight 500-1500g/mol) (mPDMS) and mono- (2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyl) -propyl ether-terminated mono-n-butyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (molecular weight 500-1500g/mol) (OH-mPDMS) may be referred to as monomers or macromonomers. Furthermore, the patent literature occasionally defines macromers as having one or more polymerizable groups, thereby extending the general definition of macromers substantially to include prepolymers. Thus, and as used herein, difunctional and multifunctional macromers, prepolymers and crosslinkers can be used interchangeably.

The "silicone-containing component" is a monomer, macromer, prepolymer, crosslinker, initiator, additive, or polymer in a reactive mixture having at least one siloxane bond, typically in the form of a siloxy group, siloxane group, carbosiloxane group, and mixtures thereof.

Examples of silicone-containing components useful in the present invention can be found in U.S. Pat. nos. 3,808,178, 4,120,570, 4,136,250, 4,153,641, 4,740,533, 5,034,461, 5,070,215, 5,244,981, 5,314,960, 5,331,067, 5,371,147, 5,760,100, 5,849,811, 5,962,548, 5,965,631, 5,998,498, 6,367,929, 6,822,016, 6,943,203, 7,052,131, 6,943,203, 36539, and european patent nos. 3,808,180. These patents are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

A "polymer" is a target macromolecule composed of repeating units of monomers used during polymerization.

"homopolymer" is a polymer made from one monomer; "copolymer" is a polymer made from two or more monomers; a "terpolymer" is a polymer made from three monomers. "Block copolymers" are made up of blocks or segments that differ in composition. Diblock copolymers have two blocks. Triblock copolymers have three blocks. "comb or graft copolymers" are made from at least one macromonomer.

A "repeating unit" is the smallest group of atoms in a polymer that corresponds to the polymerization of a particular monomer or macromer.

An "initiator" is a molecule that can be decomposed into free radicals, which can then react with a monomer to initiate a free radical polymerization reaction. Depending on the temperature, the thermal initiator decomposes at a certain rate; typical examples are azo compounds such as 1,1 '-azobisisobutyronitrile and 4,4' -azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid), peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, t-butyl peroxybenzoate, dicumyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide, peracids such as peracetic acid and potassium persulfate and various redox systems. A photoinitiator that decomposes photochemically; typical examples are derivatives of benzil, benzoin, acetophenone, benzophenone, camphorquinone, and mixtures thereof, as well as various mono-and bisacylphosphine oxides, and combinations thereof.

A "crosslinker" is a di-or polyfunctional monomer or macromer that can undergo free radical polymerization at two or more locations on the molecule to form branch points and a polymer network. Common examples are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, methylenebisacrylamide, triallyl cyanurate, and the like.

A "prepolymer" is the reaction product of monomers that contain residual polymerizable groups that can undergo further reaction to form a polymer.

A "polymer network" is a crosslinked macromolecule that can swell in a solvent but is insoluble. A "hydrogel" is a polymer network that swells in water or an aqueous solution, typically absorbing at least 10% by weight of water. A "silicone hydrogel" is a hydrogel made from at least one silicone-containing component and at least one hydrophilic component. The hydrophilic component may also include a non-reactive polymer.

By "conventional hydrogel" is meant a polymer network made from components that do not contain any siloxy, siloxane, or carbosiloxane groups. Conventional hydrogels are prepared from reactive mixtures comprising hydrophilic monomers. Examples include 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate ("HEMA"), N-vinyl pyrrolidone ("NVP"), N-dimethyl acrylamide ("DMA"), or vinyl acetate. Formation of conventional hydrogels is disclosed in U.S. patent nos. 4,436,887, 4,495,313, 4,889,664, 5,006,622, 5,039459, 5,236,969, 5,270,418, 5,298,533, 5,824,719, 6,420,453, 6,423,761, 6,767,979, 7,934,830, 8,138,290, and 8,389,597. Conventional hydrogels may also be formed from polyvinyl alcohol. Conventional hydrogel lenses may include a coating, and the coating may be the same or different material as the substrate. Conventional hydrogels may contain additives such as polyvinylpyrrolidone; and comonomers including polymerizable derivatives of phosphorylcholine, methacrylic acid, and the like. Commercially available conventional hydrogels include, but are not limited to, etafilcon, gentofukan, hiafilcon, linnfik, nesofilcon, omafilcon, polymacon, and vesufilcon, including all variations thereof.

By "silicone hydrogel" is meant a polymer network made from at least one hydrophilic component and at least one silicone-containing component. Examples of suitable types of hydrophilic components that may be present in the reactive mixture include (meth) acrylates, styrenes, vinyl ethers, (meth) acrylamides, N-vinyl lactams, N-vinyl amides, N-vinyl imides, N-vinyl ureas, O-vinyl urethanes, O-vinyl carbonates, other hydrophilic vinyl compounds, and mixtures thereof. Silicone-containing components are well known and have been widely described in the patent literature. For example, the silicone-containing component can comprise at least one polymerizable group (e.g., (meth) acrylate, styryl, vinyl ether, (meth) acrylamide, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, O-vinyl carbamate, O-vinyl carbonate, vinyl group, or mixtures of the foregoing), at least one siloxane group, and one or more linking groups (which can be bonds) that link the polymerizable group(s) to the siloxane group(s). The silicone-containing component can, for example, contain from 1 to 220 siloxane repeating units. The silicone-containing component may also contain at least one fluorine atom. The silicone hydrogel lens can include a coating, and the coating can be the same or different material as the substrate.

Examples of silicone hydrogels include acquafilcon, asmofilcon, balafilcon, comfilcon, delefilcon, enfilcon, fanfilcon, formifilcon, galyfilcon, lotrafilcon, narafilcon, riofilcon, samfilcon, senofilcon, somofilcon, and sten filcon, including all variants thereof, and those prepared as in U.S. patent nos. 4,659,782, 4,659,783, 5,244,981, 5,314,960, 5,331,067, 5,371,147, 5,998,498, 6,087,415, 5,760,100, 5,776,999, 5,789,461, 5,849,811, 5,965,631, 6,367,929, 6,822,016, 6,867,245, 6,943,203, 7,247,692, 7,249,848, 7,553,880, 7,666,921, 7,786,185, 7,956,131, WO 7,956,131, WO 7,956,131, and WO 7,956,131. These patents are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

An "interpenetrating polymer network" includes two or more networks that are at least partially interwoven on a molecular scale but are not covalently bonded to each other and cannot be separated without hindering chemical bonds. "semi-interpenetrating polymer network" includes one or more networks and one or more polymers characterized by the presence of some mixing at the molecular level between at least one network and at least one polymer. Mixtures of different polymers are "polymer blends". Technically, a semi-interpenetrating network is a polymer blend, but in some cases the polymer is entangled so that it cannot be easily removed.

The terms "reactive mixture" and "reactive monomer mixture" refer to a mixture of components (both reactive and non-reactive) that are mixed together and when subjected to polymerization conditions form the polymeric networks of the present invention, as well as ophthalmic devices and contact lenses made therefrom. The reactive monomer mixture may comprise reactive components such as monomers, macromers, prepolymers, crosslinkers and initiators, additives (such as wetting agents), polymers, dyes, light absorbing compounds (such as UV absorbers), pigments, dyes and photochromic compounds (any of which may be reactive or non-reactive but capable of remaining in the resulting contact lens) as well as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compounds and any diluents. It will be appreciated that a wide range of additives may be added based on the ophthalmic device produced and its intended use. The concentrations of the components of the reactive mixture are expressed as weight percent of all components (excluding diluent) in the reactive mixture. When diluents are used, their concentrations are expressed in weight percent based on the amount of all components in the reactive mixture and diluent.

A "reactive component" is a component of a reactive mixture that becomes part of the chemical structure of the polymer network of the resulting hydrogel through covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, formation of an interpenetrating polymer network, or any other means.

The term "silicone hydrogel contact lens" refers to a hydrogel contact lens made from at least one silicone-containing compound. Silicone hydrogel contact lenses typically have increased oxygen permeability compared to conventional hydrogels. Silicone hydrogel contact lenses utilize both their water and polymer contents to transmit oxygen to the eye.

The term "multifunctional" refers to a component having two or more polymerizable groups. The term "monofunctional" refers to a component having one polymerizable group.

The term "halogen" or "halo" indicates fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.

"alkyl" refers to an optionally substituted straight or branched chain alkyl group containing the specified number of carbon atoms. If no number is specified, the alkyl group (including any optional substituents on the alkyl group) may contain 1 to 16 carbon atoms. Preferably, the alkyl group contains 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alternatively 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alternatively 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or alternatively 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl and tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, 3-ethylbutyl and the like. Examples of substituents on alkyl groups include 1,2 or 3 independently selected from the followingThe group of (a): hydroxyl, amino, amide, alkoxyalkyl, oxo ((═ O)), carboxyl, alkylcarboxyl, carbonyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, carbamate, carbonate, halogen, phenyl, benzyl, and combinations thereof. Preferred substituents include hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, alkoxyalkyl or oxo groups. "alkylene" means a divalent alkyl group, such as-CH₂-、-CH₂CH₂-、-CH₂CH₂CH₂-、-CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂-and-CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂-。

"haloalkyl" refers to an alkyl group as defined above substituted with one or more halogen atoms, wherein each halogen is independently F, Cl, Br, or I. The preferred halogen is F. Preferred haloalkyl groups contain 1 to 6 carbons, more preferably 1 to 4 carbons, and still more preferably 1 to 2 carbons. "haloalkyl" includes perhaloalkyl groups, such as-CF₃-or-CF₂CF₃-. "haloalkylene" means a divalent haloalkyl group, such as-CH₂CF₂-。

"cycloalkyl" refers to an optionally substituted cyclic hydrocarbon containing the specified number of ring carbon atoms. If no number is indicated, the cycloalkyl group may contain 3 to 12 ring carbon atoms. It is preferably C₃-C₈Cycloalkyl radical, C₃-C₇Cycloalkyl, more preferably C₄-C₇Cycloalkyl, and still more preferably C₅-C₆A cycloalkyl group. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. Examples of substituents on cycloalkyl groups include 1,2 or 3 groups independently selected from: alkyl, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkoxyalkyl, carbonyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, amido, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, and combinations thereof. Preferred substituents include hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, alkoxyalkyl or oxo groups. "cycloalkylene" means a divalent cycloalkyl group such as 1, 2-cyclohexylene, 1, 3-cyclohexylene, or 1, 4-cyclohexylene.

"heterocycloalkyl" refers to a cycloalkyl ring or ring system as defined above in which at least one ring carbon has been replaced by a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. The heterocycloalkyl ring is optionally fused or otherwise connected to other heterocycloalkyl rings and/or non-aromatic hydrocarbon rings and/or benzene rings. Preferred heterocycloalkyl groups have 5 to 7 members. More preferred heterocycloalkyl groups have 5 or 6 members. Heterocycloalkylene means a divalent heterocycloalkyl group.

"aryl" refers to an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring system containing at least one aromatic ring. Aryl groups contain the indicated number of ring carbon atoms. If no number is indicated, the aryl group may contain from 6 to 14 ring carbon atoms. The aromatic ring may be optionally fused or otherwise connected to other aromatic or non-aromatic hydrocarbon rings. Examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, and biphenyl. Preferred examples of aryl groups include phenyl. Examples of substituents on aryl groups include 1,2 or 3 groups independently selected from: alkyl, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkoxyalkyl, carboxyl, alkylcarboxyl, carbonyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, and combinations thereof. "arylene" means a divalent aryl group such as 1, 2-phenylene, 1, 3-phenylene, or 1, 4-phenylene.

"heteroaryl" refers to an aryl ring or ring system as defined above in which at least one ring carbon atom has been replaced by a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The heteroaryl ring may be fused or otherwise connected to one or more heteroaryl rings, aromatic or non-aromatic hydrocarbon rings, or heterocycloalkyl rings. Examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, furyl, and thienyl. "heteroarylene" means a divalent heteroaryl group.

"alkoxy" means an alkyl group attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen bridge. Examples of alkoxy groups include, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and isopropoxy. "thioalkyl" means an alkyl group attached to the parent molecule through a sulfur bridge. Examples of thioalkyl groups include, for example, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio and isopropylthio. "aryloxy" refers to an aryl group attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen bridge. Examples include phenoxy. "Cyclic alkoxy" means a cycloalkyl group attached to the parent moiety through an oxygen bridge.

"alkylamine" means an alkyl group attached to the parent molecular moiety through an-NH bridge. Alkylene amine means a divalent alkylamine group, such as-CH₂CH₂NH-。

"siloxane group" refers to a structure having at least one Si-O-Si bond. Thus, for example, a siloxane-based group means a group having at least one Si-O-Si group (i.e., a siloxane group), and a siloxane-based compound means a compound having at least one Si-O-Si group. "siloxane groups" encompass monomeric (e.g., Si-O-Si) as well as oligomeric/polymeric structures (e.g., - [ Si-O ]]_n-, where n is 2 or more). R wherein each silicon atom in the siloxane group is independently selected^ASubstituted by radicals (wherein R^AAs defined in options (b) to (i) of formula a) to complete its valency.

"silyl" refers to the formula R₃Si-, and "siloxy" refers to the formula R₃Structure of Si-O-, wherein each R of the silyl or siloxy groups is independently selected from trimethylsiloxy, C₁-C₈Alkyl (preferably C)₁-C₃Alkyl, more preferably ethyl or methyl) and C₃-C₈A cycloalkyl group.

"Alkyleneoxy" means a compound having the formula- (alkylene-O-)_p-or- (O-alkylene)_pWherein alkylene is as defined above, and p is 1 to 200, or 1 to 100, or 1 to 50, or 1 to 25, or 1 to 20, or 1 to 10, wherein each alkylene is independently optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from hydroxy, halo (e.g., fluoro), amino, amido, ether, carbonyl, carboxy, and combinations thereof. If p is greater than 1, each alkylene group can be the same or different, and the alkyleneoxy groups can be in a block or random configuration. When the alkyleneoxy group forms a terminal group in the molecule, the terminal end of the alkyleneoxy group may be, for example, a hydroxyl group or an alkoxy group (e.g., HO- [ CH ]₂CH₂O]_p-or CH₃O-[CH₂CH₂O]_p-). Examples of alkyleneoxy groups include polyethyleneoxy, polypropyleneoxy, polybutyleneoxy, and poly (ethyleneoxy-co-propyleneoxy).

"Oxoalkylene" means a compound in which one or more CH groups are not adjacent₂Alkylene radicals, as defined above, having radicals substituted by oxygen atoms, e.g. CH₂CH₂OCH(CH₃)CH₂-. "Thiaalkylene" refers to a group in which one or more CH groups are not adjacent₂Alkylene radicals, as defined above, having radicals substituted by sulfur atoms, e.g. CH₂CH₂SCH(CH₃)CH₂-。

The term "linking group" refers to the moiety that links a polymerizable group to a parent molecule. The linking group can be any moiety that is compatible with the compound, is part of the compound and does not undesirably interfere with the polymerization of the compound, and is stable under the polymerization conditions as well as the conditions used to process and store the final product. For example, the linking group may be a chemical bond, or it may include one or more alkylene groups, haloalkylene groups, amides, amines, alkyleneamines, carbamates, esters (-CO)₂-), arylene, heteroarylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, alkyleneoxy, oxaalkylene, thiaalkylene, haloalkyleneoxy (alkyleneoxy substituted with one or more halo groups, e.g., -OCF)₂-、-OCF₂CF₂-、-OCF₂CH₂-), siloxane groups, alkylenesiloxane groups, or combinations thereof. The linking group may be optionally substituted with 1 or more substituent groups. Suitable substituent groups may include those independently selected from alkyl, halo (e.g., fluoro), hydroxy, HO-alkyleneoxy, MeO-alkyleneoxy, siloxy-alkyleneoxy-, siloxy-alkylene-alkyleneoxy- (where more than one alkyleneoxy group may be present, and where each methylene group of the alkylene and alkyleneoxy groups is independently optionally substituted with a hydroxy group), ether, amine, carbonyl, carbamate, and combinations thereof. The linking group may also beSubstituted with polymerizable groups such as (meth) acrylates (except for the polymerizable group to which the linking group is attached).

Preferred linking groups include alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene (e.g., phenylene), heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or a combination of any of the foregoing. Preferred linking groups also include C₁-C₈Alkylene (preferably C)₂-C₆Alkylene, such as ethylene or propylene), C₁-C₈Oxaalkylene (preferably C)₂-C₆Oxaalkylene) group C₁-C₈alkylene-amide-C₁-C₈Alkylene and C₁-C₈alkylene-amine-C₁-C₈Alkylene, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups independently selected from hydroxy and siloxy. Preferred linking groups also include carboxylic acid esters, amides, C₁-C₈Alkylene-carboxylic acid ester-C₁-C₈Alkylene or C₁-C₈alkylene-amide-C₁-C₈An alkylene group.

When the linking group is composed of a combination of moieties (e.g., alkylene-cycloalkylene), the moieties can be present in any order. Nevertheless, the order of listing represents a preferred order of moieties in which the moieties are present in the compound starting from the terminal polymerizable group to which the linking group is attached.

By "optionally substituted" it is meant that the moiety may contain one or more optional substituents. The term "optional substituent" means that a hydrogen atom in the following moiety is optionally substituted with a substituent. Any substituent that has steric utility at the substitution site and is synthetically feasible may be used. The identification of suitable optional substituents is well within the capability of the ordinarily skilled artisan. Examples of "optional substituents" include, but are not limited to, C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₁-C₆Alkoxy radical, C₁-C₆Thioalkyl, C₃-C₇Cycloalkyl, aryl, halo, hydroxy, amino, NR⁴R⁵A benzyl group,SO₃H、SO₃Na or-Y-P_gWherein R is⁴And R⁵Independently is H or C₁-C₆Alkyl, Y is a linking group; and P is_gIs a polymerizable group. The aforementioned substituents may optionally be substituted with optional substituents (which are preferably not further substituted unless otherwise indicated). For example, an alkyl group can be substituted with a halo group (e.g., to produce CF)₃)。

Ratios, percentages, parts, etc., are by weight unless otherwise indicated.

Unless otherwise indicated, numerical ranges (e.g., "2 to 10") include the numbers defining the range (e.g., 2 and 10).

As described above, the present invention provides zwitterionic polymerizable compounds. The compounds have formula I:

wherein R is¹、R²And R³Independently H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl; l is¹And L²Each independently is a linking group; and R is_gIs a polymerizable group.

R in the compounds of the formula I¹May be H. Or, R in the compound of formula I¹Can be C₁-C₆Alkyl, preferably C₁-C₃Alkyl, more preferably methyl.

R in the compounds of the formula I²May be H.

R in the compounds of the formula I³May be H.

L in the Compound of formula I¹And L²May independently be alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or combinations thereof.

L¹And L²May independently be an alkylene group, preferably independently is C₂-C₆An alkylene group. Each alkylene group is optionally substituted by, for example, 1 or2 groups independently selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, alkoxyalkyl, and oxo.

P in the Compound of formula I_gCan be styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth) acrylate or (meth) acrylamide.

P_gMay be a (meth) acrylate or a (meth) acrylamide.

P_gMay be a methacrylate.

Exemplary compounds of formula I are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

The zwitterionic polymerizable compounds of the present invention can be formed into polymers for incorporation into ophthalmic devices by a variety of techniques. For example, the compounds can be homopolymerized or copolymerized into a polymer, which is then coated onto an ophthalmic device or added to a reactive monomer mixture from which the ophthalmic device is made (e.g., to form a semi-interpenetrating network with other components of the reactive monomer mixture).

The zwitterionic polymerizable compounds according to the present invention can also be introduced into ophthalmic devices via grafting, as further shown in the examples. Exemplary grafting techniques are described in U.S. pre-authorization publication 20180037690, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

In addition, the zwitterionic polymerizable compounds according to the invention can be added to a reactive monomer mixture containing other monomers suitable for use in the preparation of ophthalmic devices and reacted therewith under free radical polymerization conditions to form polymers, thereby enabling the preparation of ophthalmic devices. Such reactive mixtures may contain, in addition to the zwitterionic polymerizable compounds described above, one or more monomers suitable for use in the preparation of the desired ophthalmic devices, as well as optional ingredients. Thus, the reactive mixture may for example comprise: hydrophilic components, hydrophobic components, silicone-containing components, wetting agents (such as polyamides), crosslinking agents, and additional components (such as diluents and initiators).

Hydrophilic component

Examples of suitable types of hydrophilic monomers include (meth) acrylates, styrenes, vinyl ethers, (meth) acrylamides, N-vinyl lactams, N-vinyl amides, N-vinyl imides, N-vinyl ureas, O-vinyl urethanes, O-vinyl carbonates, other hydrophilic vinyl compounds, and mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of hydrophilic (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylamide monomers include: acrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2, 3-dihydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) (meth) acrylamide, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) (meth) acrylamide, N- (2-hydroxypropyl) (meth) acrylamide, N-bis (2-hydroxypropyl) (meth) acrylamide, N-2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-bis (2-hydroxypropyl) (meth) acrylamide, N-bis (2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-bis (2-hydroxypropyl) acrylamide, N, N- (3-hydroxypropyl) (meth) acrylamide, N- (2-hydroxybutyl) (meth) acrylamide, N- (3-hydroxybutyl) (meth) acrylamide, N- (4-hydroxybutyl) (meth) acrylamide, 2-aminoethyl (meth) acrylate, 3-aminopropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-aminopropyl (meth) acrylate, N-2-aminoethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-3-aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-2-aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-bis-2-aminoethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-bis-3-aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-bis-2-aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-hydroxy-butyl (meth) acrylamide, N- (3-hydroxybutyl) (meth) acrylamide, N-2-aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-amino-propyl (meth) acrylamide, N-2-aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-2-amino-propyl (meth) acrylamide, N-2-aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N, or a, N, or a mixture, N, or a mixture of a, Glycerol methacrylate, polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, (meth) acrylic acid, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof.

The hydrophilic monomer can also be ionic, including anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, betaine, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of such charged monomers include (meth) acrylic acid, N- [ (ethyleneoxy) carbonyl ] -beta-alanine (VINAL), 3-acrylamidopropionic acid (ACA1), 5-acrylamidovaleric acid (ACA2), 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutyric acid (AMBA), 2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (Q salt or METAC), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic Acid (AMPS), N- (2-carboxyethyl) -N, N-dimethyl-3- [ (1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl) amino ] -1-propaneammonium inner salt (CBT), N-dimethyl-N- [3- [ (1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl) amino ] propyl ] -3 -sulfo-1-propanaminium inner Salt (SBT), 4-hydroxy-N, N, N-trimethyl-9-oxo-4-oxide 3, 5-dioxa-8-aza-4-phospha-undec-10-en-1-aminium inner salt (9CI) (PBT), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl choline phosphate, 3- (dimethyl (4-vinylbenzyl) ammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (DMVBAPS), 3- ((3-acrylamidopropyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (AMPDAPS), 3- ((3-methacrylamidopropyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (MAMPDAPS), 3- ((3- (acryloyloxy) propyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1- Sulfonate esters (APDAPS), and 3- ((3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (MAPDAPS).

Non-limiting examples of hydrophilic N-vinyl lactam and N-vinyl amide monomers include: n-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), N-vinyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-3-methyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-4-methyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-3-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-4, 5-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinylacetamide (NVA), N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide (VMA), N-vinyl-N-ethylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethylformamide, N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl-N-methylpropionamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl-2-methylpropionamide, N-vinyl-N, N' -dimethylurea, 1-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone; 1-ethyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-ethyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-N-propyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-isopropyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-isopropyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-N-ethylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethylformamide, N-vinylformamide, N-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-ethyl-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, N-isopropyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-N-ethylacetamide, N-vinyl formamide, N-ethylformamide, or mixtures of these compounds, N-vinyl isopropylamide, N-vinyl caprolactam, N-vinyl imidazole, and mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of hydrophilic O-vinyl carbamate and O-vinyl carbonate monomers include N-2-hydroxyethyl vinyl carbamate and N-carboxy-beta-alanine N-vinyl ester. Other examples of hydrophilic vinyl carbonate or vinyl carbamate monomers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,070,215. Hydrophilic oxazolone monomers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,910,277.

Other hydrophilic vinyl compounds include Ethylene Glycol Vinyl Ether (EGVE), di (ethylene glycol) vinyl ether (DEGVE), allyl alcohol, and 2-ethyl oxazoline.

The hydrophilic monomer may also be a linear or branched poly (ethylene glycol), a macromer or prepolymer of poly (propylene glycol), or a statistically random or block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide having a polymerizable moiety such as (meth) acrylate, styrene, vinyl ether, (meth) acrylamide, N-vinyl amide, and the like. The macromers of these polyethers have one polymerizable group; the prepolymer may have two or more polymerizable groups.

Preferred hydrophilic monomers of the present invention are DMA, NVP, HEMA, VMA, NVA, and mixtures thereof. Preferred hydrophilic monomers include mixtures of DMA and HEMA. Other suitable hydrophilic monomers will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Generally, there is no particular limitation on the amount of hydrophilic monomer that may be present in the reactive monomer mixture. The amount of hydrophilic monomer can be selected based on the desired characteristics of the resulting hydrogel, including water content, light transmittance, wettability, protein absorption, and the like. Wettability can be measured by contact angle and the contact angles required are less than about 100 °, less than about 80 °, and less than about 60 °. The hydrophilic monomer may be present, for example, in an amount in the range of from about 0.1 wt% to about 100 wt%, alternatively in the range of from about 1 wt% to about 80 wt%, alternatively in the range of from about 5 wt% to about 65 wt%, alternatively in the range of from about 40 to about 60 wt%, or alternatively in the range of from about 55 wt% to about 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the reactive component in the reactive monomer mixture.

Silicone-containing component

Silicone-containing components suitable for use in the present invention comprise one or more polymerizable compounds, wherein each compound independently comprises at least one polymerizable group, at least one siloxane group, and one or more linking groups linking the one or more polymerizable groups to the one or more siloxane groups. The silicone-containing component can, for example, contain 1 to 220 siloxane repeating units, such as the groups defined below. The silicone-containing component may also contain at least one fluorine atom.

The silicone-containing component may comprise: one or more polymerizable groups as defined above; one or more optionally repeating siloxane units; and one or more linking groups linking the polymerizable group to the siloxane units. The silicone-containing component may comprise: one or more polymerizable groups that are independently (meth) acrylate, styryl, vinyl ether, (meth) acrylamide, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, O-vinyl carbamate, O-vinyl carbonate, vinyl group, or a mixture of the foregoing; one or more optionally repeating siloxane units; and one or more linking groups linking the polymerizable group to the siloxane units.

The silicone-containing component may comprise: one or more polymerizable groups that are independently (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylamides, N-vinyl lactams, N-vinyl amides, styryl groups, or mixtures of the foregoing; one or more optionally repeating siloxane units; and one or more linking groups linking the polymerizable group to the siloxane units.

The silicone-containing component may comprise: one or more polymerizable groups that are independently a (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, or a mixture of the foregoing; one or more optionally repeating siloxane units; and one or more linking groups linking the polymerizable group to the siloxane units.

The silicone-containing component may comprise one or more polymerizable compounds of formula a:

wherein:

at least one R^AIs of the formula R_gA group of-L-, wherein R_gIs a polymerizable group and L is a linking group, and the remainder of R^AEach independently is:

(a)R_g-L-，

(b) c optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkoxyalkyl, carboxyl, alkylcarboxyl, carbonyl, alkoxy, amido, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, or combinations thereof₁-C₁₆An alkyl group, a carboxyl group,

(c) c optionally substituted with one or more alkyl, hydroxy, amino, amido, alkoxyalkyl, carbonyl, alkoxy, amido, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, or combinations thereof₃-C₁₂A cycloalkyl group,

(d) c optionally substituted with one or more alkyl, hydroxy, amino, amido, alkoxyalkyl, carboxy, alkylcarboxy, carbonyl, alkoxy, amido, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, or combinations thereof₆-C₁₄An aryl group, a heteroaryl group,

(e) a halo group, a carboxyl group,

(f) an alkoxy group, a cyclic alkoxy group or an aryloxy group,

(g) a siloxy group, a carboxyl group,

(h) an alkyleneoxy-alkyl or alkoxy-alkyleneoxy-alkyl group, such as a polyethyleneoxyalkyl, polypropyleneoxyalkyl, or poly (ethyleneoxy-co-propyleneoxyalkyl), or (i) a monovalent siloxane chain comprising 1 to 100 siloxane repeating units optionally substituted with alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, amino, alkoxyalkyl, carboxyl, alkylcarboxyl, alkoxy, amido, carbamate, halo, or combinations thereof; and is

n is 0 to 500, or 0 to 200, or 0 to 100, or 0 to 20, where it is understood that when n is not 0, n is a distribution having a mode equal to the specified value. When n is 2 or more, the SiO units may carry the same or different R^ASubstituents, and if different R's are present^ASubstituents, the n group may be in a random or block configuration.

In formula A, three R^AMay each comprise a polymerisable group, alternatively two R^AMay each contain a polymerizable group, or alternatively one R^AMay contain polymerizable groups.

Examples of silicone-containing components suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the compounds listed in table a. Where the compounds in table a contain polysiloxane groups, unless otherwise indicated, the number of SiO repeating units in such compounds is preferably from 3 to 100, more preferably from 3 to 40, or still more preferably from 3 to 20.

TABLE A

Additional non-limiting examples of suitable silicone-containing components are listed in table B. Unless otherwise indicated, j2 is preferably from 1 to 100, more preferably from 3 to 40, or still more preferably from 3 to 15, where applicable. In the compounds containing j1 and j2, the sum of j1 and j2 is preferably from 2 to 100, more preferably from 3 to 40, or still more preferably from 3 to 15.

TABLE B

Mixtures of silicone-containing components may be used. By way of example, suitable mixtures may include, but are not limited to: mixtures of mono- (2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy) -propyl terminated mono-n-butyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (OH-mPDMS) having different molecular weights, such as mixtures of OH-mPDMS containing 4 and 15 SiO repeating units; mixtures of OH-mPDMS having different molecular weights (e.g., containing 4 and 15 repeating SiO repeating units) with silicone-based crosslinkers such as bis-3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropoxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane (ac-PDMS); a mixture of 2-hydroxy-3- [ 3-methyl-3, 3-bis (trimethylsiloxy) silylpropoxy ] -propyl methacrylate (SiMAA) and monomethacryloxypropyl terminated mono-n-butyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (mPDMS), such as mPDMS 1000.

The silicone-containing component used in the present invention can have an average molecular weight of from about 400 daltons to about 4000 daltons.

The one or more silicone-containing components may be present in an amount of up to about 95 wt.%, or from about 10 wt.% to about 80 wt.%, or from about 20 wt.% to about 70 wt.%, based on all reactive components (excluding diluent) of the reactive mixture.

Polyamide

The reactive mixture may comprise at least one polyamide. As used herein, the term "polyamide" refers to polymers and copolymers comprising repeat units containing amido groups. The polyamide may include cyclic amide groups, acyclic amide groups, and combinations thereof, and may be any polyamide known to those of skill in the art. The acyclic polyamide comprises acyclic amide side groups and is capable of binding to hydroxyl groups. The cyclic polyamide comprises cyclic amide groups and is capable of bonding with hydroxyl groups.

Examples of suitable acyclic polyamides include polymers and copolymers comprising repeating units of formulae G and G1:

wherein X is a direct bond, - (CO) -or- (CONHR)₄₄) -, wherein R₄₄Is C₁To C₃An alkyl group; r₄₀Selected from H, linear or branched substituted or unsubstituted C₁To C₄An alkyl group; r₄₁Selected from H, linear or branched substituted or unsubstituted C₁To C₄An alkyl group, an amino group having up to two carbon atoms, an amido group having up to four carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having up to two carbon groups; r₄₂Selected from H, linear or branched substituted or unsubstituted C₁To C₄An alkyl group; or methyl, ethoxy, hydroxyethyl and hydroxymethyl; r₄₃Selected from H, linear or branched substituted or unsubstituted C₁To C₄An alkyl group; or methyl, ethoxy, hydroxyethyl and hydroxymethyl; wherein R is₄₀And R₄₁The number of carbon atoms in (a) together is 8 or less, including 7,6, 5,4, 3 or less; and wherein R₄₂And R₄₃The number of carbon atoms in (a) together is 8 or less, including 7,6, 5,4, 3 or less. R₄₀And R₄₁The number of carbon atoms in (a) together may be 6 or less or 4 or less. R₄₂And R₄₃The number of carbon atoms in (a) together may be 6 or less.As used herein, a substituted alkyl group includes an alkyl group substituted with an amine, amide, ether, hydroxyl, carbonyl, or carboxyl group, or a combination thereof.

R₄₀And R₄₁Can be independently selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted C₁To C₂An alkyl group. X may be a direct bond, and R₄₀And R₄₁Can be independently selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted C₁To C₂An alkyl group. R₄₂And R₄₃Can be independently selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted C₁To C₂Alkyl groups, methyl, ethoxy, hydroxyethyl and hydroxymethyl.

The acyclic polyamide of the present invention may comprise a majority of the repeating units of formula G or formula G1, or the acyclic polyamide may comprise at least 50 mole% (including at least 70 mole% and at least 80 mole%) of the repeating units of formula G or formula G1. Specific examples of the repeating units of formula G and formula G1 include repeating units derived from: N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-methylpropionamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl-2-methylpropionamide, N-vinyl-2-methyl-propionamide, N-vinyl-N, N' -dimethylurea, N-dimethylacrylamide, methacrylamide and acyclic amides of formulae G2 and G3:

examples of suitable cyclic amides that may be used to form the cyclic polyamide include alpha-lactams, beta-lactams, gamma-lactams, delta-lactams, and epsilon-lactams. Examples of suitable cyclic polyamides include polymers and copolymers comprising a repeat unit of formula G4:

wherein R is₄₅Is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; wherein f is a number from 1 to 10; wherein X is a direct bond, - (CO) -or- (CONHR)₄₆) -, wherein R₄₆Is C₁To C₃An alkyl group. In formula G4, f can be 8 or less, including 7,6, 5,4, 3,2, or 1. In formula G4, f can be 6 or less, including 5,4, 3,2, or 1. In formula G4, f can be 2 to 8, including 2,3, 4,5, 6,7, or 8. In formula G4, f can be 2 or 3. When X is a direct bond, f can be 2. In such cases, the cyclic polyamide may be polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).

The cyclic polyamide of the invention may comprise 50 mole% or more of the recurring unit of formula G4, or the cyclic polyamide may comprise at least 50 mole% (including at least 70 mole% and at least 80 mole%) of the recurring unit of formula G4.

The polyamide may also be a copolymer comprising repeat units of both cyclic and acyclic amides. The additional repeating units may be formed from monomers selected from the group consisting of: hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, alkyl (meth) acrylates, other hydrophilic monomers, and siloxane-substituted (meth) acrylates. Any of the monomers listed as suitable hydrophilic monomers may be used as co-monomers to form additional repeat units. Specific examples of additional monomers that can be used to form the polyamide include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, methyl and hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, dihydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, and the like, and mixtures thereof. Ionic monomers may also be included. Examples of ionic monomers include (meth) acrylic acid, N- [ (vinyloxy) carbonyl ] -beta-alanine (VINAL, CAS #148969-96-4), 3-acrylamidopropionic acid (ACA1), 5-acrylamidovaleric acid (ACA2), 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutyric acid (AMBA), 2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (Q salt or METAC), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic Acid (AMPS), N- (2-carboxyethyl) -N, N-dimethyl-3- [ (1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl) amino ] -1-propaneammonium inner salt (CBT, carboxybetaine; CAS 79704-35-1), N, N-dimethyl-N- [3- [ (1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl) amino ] propyl ] -3-sulfo-1-propanaminium inner salt (SBT, sulfobetaine, CAS 80293-60-3), 4-hydroxy-N, N, N-trimethyl-9-oxo-4-oxide 3, 5-dioxa-8-aza-4-phospha-undec-10-en-1-aminium inner salt (9CI) (PBT, phosphobetaine, CAS 163674-35-9), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphocholine, 3- (dimethyl (4-vinylbenzyl) ammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (DMVBAPS), 3- ((3-acrylamidopropyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (AMPDAPS), 3- ((3-methacrylamidopropyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (MAMPDAPS), 3- ((3- (acryloyloxy) propyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (APDAPS), methacryloyloxy) propyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (MAPDAPPS).

The reactive monomer mixture may comprise both acyclic polyamides and cyclic polyamides or copolymers thereof. The acyclic polyamide can be any of those described herein or a copolymer thereof, and the cyclic polyamide can be any of those described herein or a copolymer thereof. The polyamide may be selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Polyvinylmethylacetamide (PVMA), Polydimethylacrylamide (PDMA), Polyvinylacetamide (PNVA), poly (hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylamide), polyacrylamide, and copolymers and mixtures thereof. The polyamide may be PVP (e.g., PVP K90) and PVMA (e.g., M having about 570 kDa)_w) A mixture of (a).

In all cases, the total amount of all polyamides in the reactive mixture can be in the range of from 1 weight percent to about 35 weight percent, including in the range of from about 1 weight percent to about 15 weight percent and in the range of from about 5 weight percent to about 15 weight percent, based on the total weight of reactive components in the reactive monomer mixture.

Without intending to be bound by theory, the polyamide functions as an internal wetting agent when used with the silicone hydrogel. The polyamides of the present invention may be non-polymerizable and in such cases incorporated as semi-interpenetrating networks into the silicone hydrogel. The polyamide is entrapped or physically retained within the silicone hydrogel. Alternatively, the polyamides of the present invention are polymerizable, for example as polyamide macromers or prepolymers, and in this case are covalently incorporated into the silicone hydrogel. Mixtures of polymerizable and non-polymerizable polyamides may also be used.

When the polyamides are incorporated into the reactive monomer mixture, they may have a weight average molecular weight of at least 100,000 daltons; greater than about 150,000 daltons; about 150,000 daltons to about 2,000,000 daltons; from about 300,000 daltons to about 1,800,000 daltons. Higher molecular weight polyamides may be used if they are compatible with the reactive monomer mixture.

Crosslinking agent

It is often desirable to add one or more crosslinking agents (also referred to as crosslinking monomers, multifunctional macromers, and prepolymers) to the reactive mixture. The crosslinking agent may be selected from the group consisting of difunctional crosslinking agents, trifunctional crosslinking agents, tetrafunctional crosslinking agents, and mixtures thereof, including silicone-containing and silicone-free crosslinking agents. Silicone-free crosslinkers include Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA), tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), triallyl cyanurate (TAC), glycerol trimethacrylate, oxyethylvinyl methacrylate (HEMAVc), allyl methacrylate, Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (where the polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of up to about 5000 daltons). The crosslinking agent is used in the reactive mixture in conventional amounts (e.g., from about 0.000415 to about 0.0156 moles per 100 grams of reactive formulation). Alternatively, if the hydrophilic monomer and/or silicone-containing component is multifunctional due to molecular design or due to impurities, then the addition of a crosslinking agent to the reactive mixture is optional. Examples of hydrophilic monomers and macromers that can act as crosslinkers and (when present) do not require the addition of additional crosslinkers to the reactive mixture include (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylamide terminated polyethers. Other crosslinking agents will be known to those skilled in the art and may be used to prepare the silicone hydrogels of the present invention.

It may be desirable to select a cross-linking agent that has a similar reactivity with one or more of the other reactive components in the formulation. In some cases, it may be desirable to select mixtures of cross-linkers having different reactivities to control some physical, mechanical, or biological properties of the resulting silicone hydrogel. The structure and morphology of the silicone hydrogel may also be affected by the one or more diluents used and the curing conditions.

Multifunctional silicone-containing components (including macromers, crosslinkers, and prepolymers) may also be included to further increase modulus and maintain tensile strength. The organosilicon-containing crosslinking agent may be used alone or in combination with other crosslinking agents. Examples of silicone-containing components that can act as crosslinkers and (when present) do not require the addition of crosslinking monomers to the reactive mixture include α, ω -bis methacryloxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane. Another example is bis-3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropoxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane (ac-PDMS).

Crosslinkers having rigid chemical structures and polymerizable groups that undergo free radical polymerization can also be used. Non-limiting examples of suitable rigid structures include crosslinking agents comprising a phenyl ring and a benzyl ring, such as 1, 4-phenylene diacrylate, 1, 4-phenylene dimethacrylate, 2-bis (4-methacryloxyphenyl) -propane, 2-bis [4- (2-acryloyloxyethoxy) phenyl ] propane, 2-bis [4- (2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy) -phenyl ] propane, and 4-vinylbenzyl methacrylate, and combinations thereof. The rigid crosslinker can be included in an amount between about 0.5 and about 15, or 2 to 10, 3 to 7, based on the total weight of all reactive components. By adjusting the components in the reactive mixture, the physical and mechanical properties of the silicone hydrogels of the present invention can be optimized for a particular use.

Non-limiting examples of silicone crosslinkers also include the above-described multifunctional silicone-containing components, such as the multifunctional compounds shown in table B.

Additional Components

The reactive mixture may contain additional components such as, but not limited to, diluents, initiators, UV absorbers, visible light absorbers, photochromic compounds, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, antimicrobial substances, toners, pigments, copolymerizable dyes, non-polymerizable dyes, mold release agents, and combinations thereof.

Suitable classes of diluents for the silicone hydrogel reactive mixture include alcohols having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, amides derived from primary amines having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and carboxylic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. The diluent may be primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.

Generally, the reactive components are mixed in a diluent to form a reactive mixture. Suitable diluents are known in the art. Suitable diluents for silicone hydrogels are disclosed in WO03/022321 and US6020445, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Suitable classes of diluents for the silicone hydrogel reactive mixture include alcohols having 2 to 20 carbons, amides derived from primary amines having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and carboxylic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Primary and tertiary alcohols may be used. Preferred classes include alcohols having 5 to 20 carbons and carboxylic acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

Specific diluents which may be used include 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, diisopropylaminoethanol, isopropanol, 3, 7-dimethyl-3-octanol, 1-decanol, 1-dodecanol, 1-octanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-octanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, tert-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-propanol, 1-propanol, ethanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, (3-acetoxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) propyl bis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsilane, 1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol, 2-butanol, and mixtures thereof, 3, 3-dimethyl-2-butanol, t-butoxyethanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecanol, decanoic acid, octanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, 2- (diisopropylamino) ethanol, mixtures thereof, and the like. Examples of amide diluents include N, N-dimethylpropionamide and dimethylacetamide.

Preferred diluents include 3, 7-dimethyl-3-octanol, 1-dodecanol, 1-decanol, 1-octanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-octanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2-pentanol, tert-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, ethanol, 3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecanol, decanoic acid, octanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, mixtures thereof, and the like.

More preferred diluents include 3, 7-dimethyl-3-octanol, 1-dodecanol, 1-decanol, 1-octanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-octanol, 1-dodecanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, tert-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, 3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecanol, mixtures thereof, and the like.

If a diluent is present, there is generally no particular limitation on the amount of diluent present. When a diluent is used, the diluent may be present in an amount in the range of about 2 to about 70 weight percent, including in the range of about 5 to about 50 weight percent and in the range of about 15 to about 40 weight percent, based on the total weight of the reactive mixture (including the reactive and non-reactive formulations). Mixtures of diluents may be used.

Polymerization initiators may be used in the reactive mixture. The polymerization initiator may include: for example, at least one of lauroyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, isopropyl percarbonate, azobisisobutyronitrile, and the like, which generate radicals at a moderately high temperature; and photoinitiator systems such as aromatic alpha-hydroxy ketones, alkoxyoxybenzoins, acetophenones, acylphosphine oxides, bisacylphosphine oxides, and tertiary amines plus diketones, mixtures thereof, and the like. Illustrative examples of photoinitiators are 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, bis (2, 6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2, 4-4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide (DMBAPO), bis (2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide (Irgacure 819), 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzyldiphenylphosphine oxide and 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, benzoin methyl ester and a combination of camphorquinone and ethyl 4- (N, N-dimethylamino) benzoate.

A commercially available visible photoinitiator system (from IGM Resins B.V., The Netherlands) includes819、1700、1800、819、1850 andTPO initiator. Commercially available UV photoinitiators (from IGM Resins B.V.) include1173 and2959. these and other Photoinitiators which can be used are disclosed in volume III, Photonitiers for Free radial Cationic&Iononic Photopolymerization, 2 nd edition, j.v. Crivello&K. dietliker; edited by g.bradley; john Wiley and Sons; new York; 1998. the initiator is used in the reactive mixture in an amount effective to initiate photopolymerization of the reactive mixture (e.g., about 0.1 to about 2 parts by weight per 100 parts of the reactive monomer mixture). The polymerization of the reactive mixture can be initiated using a suitable choice of heat or visible or ultraviolet light or other means, depending on the polymerization initiator used. Alternatively, the initiation may be carried out using an electron beam without a photoinitiator. However, when a photoinitiator is used, a preferred initiator is a bisacylphosphine oxide, such as bis (2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide (2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide819) Or 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone in combination with bis (2, 6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2, 4-4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide (DMBAPO).

In addition to the zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I, the reactive mixture used to prepare the ophthalmic devices of the present invention may also comprise any of the other polymerizable compounds described above and optional components.

Preferred reactive mixtures may comprise: a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I and a hydrophilic component.

Preferred reactive mixtures may comprise: a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I; and a hydrophilic component selected from the group consisting of DMA, NVP, HEMA, VMA, NVA, methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof. Preferred is a mixture of HEMA and methacrylic acid.

Preferred reactive mixtures may comprise: a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I, a hydrophilic component and a silicone-containing component.

Preferred reactive mixtures may comprise: a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I, a hydrophilic component, and a silicone-containing component comprising a compound of formula A.

Preferred reactive mixtures may comprise: a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I; a hydrophilic component selected from the group consisting of DMA, NVP, HEMA, VMA, NVA, and mixtures thereof; a silicone-containing component, such as a compound of formula a; and an internal wetting agent.

Preferred reactive mixtures may comprise: a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I; a hydrophilic component selected from DMA, HEMA, and mixtures thereof; a silicone-containing component selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-3- [ 3-methyl-3, 3-bis (trimethylsiloxy) silylpropoxy ] -propyl methacrylate (SiMAA), mono-methacryloxypropyl terminated mono-n-butyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (mPDMS), mono- (2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyl) -propyl ether terminated mono-n-butyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (OH-mPDMS), and mixtures thereof; and a wetting agent (preferably PVP or PVMA). For the hydrophilic component, a mixture of DMA and HEMA is preferred. For silicone containing components, a mixture of SiMAA and mPDMS is preferred.

Preferred reactive mixtures may comprise: a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I; a hydrophilic component comprising a mixture of DMA and HEMA; a silicone-containing component comprising a mixture of OH-mPDMS having from 2 to 20 repeating units (preferably a mixture of 4 and 15 repeating units). Preferably, the reactive mixture further comprises a silicone-containing cross-linking agent, such as ac-PDMS. Also preferably, the reactive mixture contains a wetting agent (preferably DMA, PVP, PVMA, or mixtures thereof).

Preferred reactive mixtures may comprise: a zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I; between about 1 and about 15 weight percent of at least one polyamide (e.g., an acyclic polyamide, a cyclic polyamide, or mixtures thereof); at least one first monofunctional hydroxy-substituted poly (disubstituted siloxane) having from 4 to 8 siloxane repeating units (e.g., OH-mPDMS, wherein n is from 4 to 8, preferably n is 4); at least one second hydroxy-substituted poly (di-substituted siloxane) which is a monofunctional hydroxy-substituted poly (di-substituted siloxane) having from 10 to 200, or from 10 to 100, or from 10 to 50, or from 10 to 20 siloxane repeating units (e.g., OH-mPDMS wherein n is from 10 to 200, or from 10 to 100, or from 10 to 50, or from 10 to 20, preferably n is 15); about 5% to about 35% by weight of at least one hydrophilic monomer; and optionally a multifunctional hydroxy-substituted poly (di-substituted siloxane) having 10 to 200 or 10 to 100 siloxane repeating units (e.g., ac-PDMS). Preferably, the first monofunctional hydroxy-substituted poly (disubstituted siloxane) and the second hydroxy-substituted poly (disubstituted siloxane) are present in a concentration such that the ratio of the weight percent of the first monofunctional hydroxy-substituted poly (disubstituted siloxane) to the weight percent of the second hydroxy-substituted poly (disubstituted siloxane) is from 0.4 to 1.3 or from 0.4 to 1.0.

The aforementioned reactive mixture may contain optional ingredients such as, but not limited to, one or more initiators, internal wetting agents, crosslinking agents, UV or high energy visible light absorbers, and diluents.

Curing of hydrogels and lens manufacture

The reactive mixture may be formed by any of the methods known in the art, such as shaking or stirring, and used to form an article or device of polymer by known methods. The reactive components are mixed together with or without a diluent to form a reactive mixture.

For example, ophthalmic devices can be prepared by: the reactive components and optionally one or more diluents are mixed with the polymerization initiator and cured by appropriate conditions to form a product, which can then be formed into an appropriate shape by lathing, cutting, or the like. Alternatively, the reactive mixture may be placed in a mold and subsequently cured into a suitable article.

A method of manufacturing a molded ophthalmic device, such as a silicone hydrogel contact lens, can comprise: preparing a reactive monomer mixture; transferring the reactive monomer mixture to a first mold; placing a second mold on top of the first mold filled with the reactive monomer mixture; and curing the reactive monomer mixture by free radical copolymerization to form a contact lens shaped silicone hydrogel.

The reactive mixture may be cured via any known process for molding reactive mixtures in the production of contact lenses, including spin casting and static casting. Rotary die casting is disclosed in U.S. Pat. nos. 3,408,429 and 3,660,545, and static die casting is disclosed in U.S. Pat. nos. 4,113,224 and 4,197,266. The contact lenses of the invention can be formed by direct molding of silicone hydrogels, which is both economical and allows precise control of the final shape of the hydrated lens. For this method, the reactive mixture is placed in a mold having the shape of the final desired silicone hydrogel and subjected to conditions to polymerize the monomers, thereby producing a polymer having the approximate shape of the final desired product.

After curing, the lens can be extracted to remove unreacted components and release the lens from the lens mold. The extraction may be carried out using a conventional extraction liquid (e.g., an organic solvent such as alcohol), or may be carried out using an aqueous solution.

The aqueous solution is a solution comprising water. The aqueous solution of the present invention may comprise at least about 20 wt% water, or at least about 50 wt% water, or at least about 70 wt% water, or at least about 95 wt% water. The aqueous solution may also contain additional water soluble formulations such as inorganic salts or mold release agents, wetting agents, slip agents, pharmaceutical and nutritional formulations, combinations thereof, and the like. The mold release agent is a compound or mixture of compounds: when combined with water, the release agent reduces the time required to release a contact lens from a mold compared to the time required to release a contact lens from a mold using an aqueous solution that does not contain the release agent. The aqueous solution may not require special treatment such as purification, recycling or special disposal procedures.

Extraction can be accomplished, for example, by immersing the lens in an aqueous solution or by exposure to a flowing aqueous solution. Extraction may also include, for example, one or more of the following: heating the aqueous solution; stirring the aqueous solution; increasing the amount of release aid in the aqueous solution to an amount sufficient to release the lens; mechanically or ultrasonically stirring the lens; and incorporating at least one leaching or extraction aid into the aqueous solution to a level sufficient to facilitate sufficient removal of unreacted components from the lens. The above operations may be carried out in a batch or continuous process, with or without heating, stirring, or both.

It may be desirable to apply physical agitation to facilitate leaching and stripping. For example, the lens mold part with the lens adhered thereto can be vibrated or moved back and forth in an aqueous solution. Other methods may include ultrasound through aqueous solutions.

The lenses may be sterilized by known means, including but not limited to autoclaving.

Silicone hydrogel ophthalmic devices (e.g., contact lenses) according to the present invention preferably exhibit the following properties. All values are preceded by "about," and a device can have any combination of the listed characteristics. The characteristics may be determined by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example as described in US publication US20180037690, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Equilibrium water content%: at least 20% or at least 25% and at most 80% or at most 70%

Haze: 30% or less, or 10% or less

Advancing dynamic contact angle (Wilhelmy plate method): 100 ° or less, or 80 ° or less, or 50 ° or less

Tensile modulus (psi): 150 or less, or 135 or less, 120 or less, or 80 to 135

Oxygen permeability (Dk, barrer): at least 60 barrers, or at least 80 barrers, or at least 100 barrers, or at least 150 barrers, or at least 200 barrers

Elongation at break: at least 100

For ionic silicone hydrogels, the following properties (in addition to those described above) may also be preferred:

lysozyme uptake (μ g/lens): at least 100, or at least 150, or at least 500, or at least 700

Intake (%) of polyquaternium 1(PQ 1): 15 or less, or 10 or less, or 5 or less.

In addition to being incorporated into ophthalmic devices by the above-described methods, zwitterionic polymerizable compounds can alternatively (or additionally) be used in blister pack packaging solutions. Thus, according to this embodiment, a blister package may be provided comprising an ophthalmic device and a packaging solution, wherein the packaging solution comprises a polymer derived from a polymerizable zwitterionic compound as described above.

Blister packages typically include a bowl portion and a foil top portion. These packages contain a soft contact lens and its aqueous packaging solution. The bowl portion may be made of any suitable material. Typically, the bowl is made of a hydrophobic material such as polypropylene. Polypropylene is a commonly used material for contact lens packaging. Polypropylene is sufficiently elastic to withstand the sterilization steps of contact lens manufacture and can be injection molded into many suitable shapes and sizes. For non-limiting examples of such packaging, see U.S. Pat. nos. 4,691,820; 5,054,610, respectively; 5,337,888, respectively; 5,375,698, respectively; 5,409,104, respectively; 5,467,868, respectively; 5,515,964, respectively; 5,609,246, respectively; 5,695,049, respectively; 5,697,495, respectively; 5,704,468, respectively; 5,711,416, respectively; 5,722,536, respectively; 5,573,108, respectively; 5,823,327, respectively; 5,704,468, respectively; 5,983,608, respectively; 6,029,808, respectively; 6,044,966, respectively; and 6,401,915, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Packaging solutions for use with ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses are well known. Suitable solutions include, but are not limited to, saline solution, other buffers, and deionized water. For example, the packaging solution may be a saline solution containing salts including, but not limited to, sodium chloride, sodium borate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, or their corresponding potassium salts. These ingredients are typically combined to form a buffer solution comprising an acid and its conjugate base, such that the addition of the acid and base causes only a relatively minor change in pH. The buffer may additionally comprise 2- (N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES), sodium hydroxide, 2-bis (hydroxymethyl) -2,2',2 "-nitrilotriethanol, N-tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, citric acid, sodium citrate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, acetic acid, sodium acetate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and the like, as well as combinations thereof. Preferably, the solution is a borate buffered saline solution or a phosphate buffered saline solution.

Some embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail in the following examples.

Examples

The test methods used to characterize contact lenses are described below. Some abbreviations are used as headings in the tables and some standard deviations are reported in parentheses in the tables.

The water content was determined gravimetrically. The lenses were allowed to equilibrate in the wetting solution for 24 hours. Each of the three test lenses was removed from the wetting solution with a cotton swab and placed on a bibulous towel that had been soaked with the wetting solution. Both faces of the lens are in contact with a water absorbent towel. The test lenses were placed in a tared scale pan with tweezers and weighed. Two additional sets of samples were then prepared and weighed. All weight measurements were made in triplicate and the average of those values was used for the calculation. Wet weight is defined as the total weight of the pan and wet lens minus the weight of the pan weighed individually.

The dry weight was measured by placing the sample pan in a vacuum oven that had been preheated to 60 ℃ for 30 minutes. Applying a vacuum until a pressure of at least 1 inch of mercury is achieved; allowing lower pressures. The vacuum valve and pump are closed and the lenses are dried for at least 12 hours, typically overnight. The purge valve is opened, allowing dry air or dry nitrogen to enter. The oven was brought to atmospheric pressure. The plate was removed and weighed. Dry weight is defined as the total weight of the pan and dry lens minus the weight of the pan weighed individually. The water content of the test lenses was calculated as follows: water content% (WC%) (wet-dry)/wet × 100. The mean water content and its standard deviation were calculated and the mean was reported as% water content of the test lenses. The standard deviations are shown in parentheses in the table.

Graft weight gain% (GWG%) was calculated as follows: (dry weight of grafted lens-dry weight of base lens)/dry weight of base lens × 100. Both the grafted and base lenses were equilibrated in deionized water for several hours to remove any residual salts prior to vacuum drying. Typically, for each sample, at least three lenses are weighed and averaged.

The Refractive Index (RI) of the contact lenses was measured in manual mode by a Leica ARIAS 500Abbe refractometer or in automatic mode by a Reichert ARIAS 500Abbe refractometer at a prism gap distance of 100 microns. The instrument was calibrated with deionized water at 20 ℃ (+/-0.2 ℃). The prism assembly was opened and the test lens was placed on the lower prism between the magnetic dots closest to the light source. If the prism is dry, a few drops of saline are applied to the bottom prism. The front curve of the lens abuts the bottom prism. The prism assembly is then closed. The control is adjusted so that the bright-dark boundary appears after the cross-hatched area, and the refractive index is measured. RI measurements were performed on five test lenses. The average RI calculated for five measurements is recorded as the refractive index and its standard deviation.

The invention will now be described in connection with the following examples. Before describing several exemplary embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of construction and process steps set forth in the following description. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways.

The following abbreviations will be used in the examples, having the following meanings:

DMA: n, N-dimethylacrylamide (Jarchem)

HEMA: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (Bimax)

And (3) CBT: n- (2-carboxyethyl) -N, N-dimethyl-3- [ (1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl) amino ] -1-propaneammonium inner salt; a carboxybetaine; CAS 79704-35-1

Norbloc: 2- (2' -hydroxy-5-methacryloyloxyethylphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole (Janssen)

Blue HEMA: 1-amino-4- [3- (4- (2-methacryloyloxy-ethoxy) -6-chlorotriazin-2-ylamino) -4-sulfophenylamino ] anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,944,853

PVP K90: poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) (ISP Ashland)

EGDMA: ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Estech)

TEGDMA: tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Estech)

AIBN: azobisisobutyronitrile

Omnirad 403: bis (2, 6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4, 4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide

Omnirad 819: bis (2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide (IGM resin)

Omnirad 1173: 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylacetone

Omnirad 1700: mixture of 25 wt.% Omnirad 403 and 75 wt.% Omnirad 1173

TEMPO: (2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl) oxy or (2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl) oxynitrido

HO-mPDMS: mono-n-butyl terminated mono (2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyl) -propyl ether terminated polydimethylsiloxane (M)_n＝400-1500g/mol)(Ortec or DSM-Polymer Technology Group)

HO-mPDMS(n＝4)：

HO-mPDMS(n＝15)：

nBu: n-butyl

PP: polypropylene, i.e. homopolymers of propylene

Z: zeonor, a polycycloolefin thermoplastic polymer (Nippon Zeon Co Ltd)

D3O: 3, 7-dimethyl-3-octanol (Vigon)

BAGE: glycerol borate (molar ratio of boric acid to glycerol 1:2), 299.3 grams (mol) glycerol and 99.8 grams (mol) boric acid were dissolved in 1247.4 grams of 5% (w/w) aqueous ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in a suitable reactor and then heated to 90 ℃ -94 ℃ under gentle vacuum (2-6 torr) with stirring for 4-5 hours and allowed to cool to room temperature.

Borate buffered wetting solution: 18.52g (300mmol) of boric acid, 3.7g (9.7mmol) of sodium borate decahydrate and 28g (197mmol) of sodium sulfate were dissolved in enough deionized water to fill a2 liter volumetric flask.

mL: milliliter (ml)

nm: nano meter

LED: light emitting diode

TL03 light: phillips TLK 40W/03 bulb

NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

D₂O: deuterium oxide

Example 1

Synthesis of 3- (1- (3-methacrylamidoylpropyl) -1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl) propanoate (A)

A solution of 1- (3-methacrylamidopropyl) -1H-imidazole (19.3 g, 0.1 mol) and ethyl 3-bromopropionate (19.0 g, 0.105 mol) in 10mL of ethanol was heated at 80 ℃ with constant stirring. After eight hours, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and the ethanol was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residual material was dissolved in 150mL water and washed three times with 100mL ethyl acetate. After addition of 0.After 1 g of butylated hydroxytoluene, the volatile organic components were evaporated at a pressure of 50mm Hg while maintaining a temperature of ≤ 20 deg.C. Sodium carbonate (15g, about 1.4 equivalents) was added to the aqueous solution and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. After rotary evaporation of the water, the residual solid was washed with warm acetonitrile (2 × 150mL) and the liquid decanted. The crude product was redissolved (5:95) in a mixture of ethanol: acetonitrile and filtered. After 150mg of butylated hydroxytoluene was added to the filtrate, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the resulting solid was washed with ethyl acetate and further dried in a rotary evaporator to obtain the desired product (compound (a)). The compound (A) is 3- (1- (3-methacrylamidoylpropyl) -1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl) propionate.¹H NMR(500MHz,D₂O)δ(ppm):1.93(3H,s,CH₃),2.18(2H,dddd,J＝6.5Hz,CH₂),2.77(2H,t,J＝7Hz,CH₂),3.35(2H,t,J＝6.5Hz,CH₂),4.28(2H,t,J＝7Hz,CH₂) 4.43(2H, t, J ═ 6.5Hz),5.48(1H, bs, vinyl), 5.70(1H, bs, vinyl), 7.54-7.55(2H, dd, J ═ 5,2Hz, Ar-H),8.83(1H, bs, Ar-H).

Example 2

Synthesis of 3- (1- (3-methacrylamidoylpropyl) -2-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl) propanoate (B)

Methacrylic anhydride (34 g, 0.22 mol) was added in a dropwise manner to a cooled and stirred suspension of 2-methyl-1- (3-aminopropyl) -1H-imidazole (27.8 g, 0.2 mol) and 23.32 g sodium carbonate (0.22 mol) in water, while keeping the temperature below 10 ℃. The solution was warmed to room temperature and stirred for an additional hour. After addition of 0.05 g of butylated hydroxytoluene to the reaction mixture, the volatile components were evaporated under reduced pressure at a temperature below 20 ℃. The product was redissolved in a 75:25(v/v) mixture of ethyl acetate and hexane and filtered through a short plug of silica gel. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure and the product was used "as is" in the subsequent alkylation reaction to form the desired zwitterion. 2-A is prepared from1- (3-Acylaminopropyl) -1H-imidazole (10.4 g, 0.05 mol) and β -lactone (3.6 g, 0.06 mol) were dissolved in 50mL ethanol containing 100 mg of suspended sodium carbonate. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, after which time the solution appeared to contain a single major product by thin layer chromatography. 100mL of ethyl acetate was added and the mixture was vacuum filtered through a sintered glass funnel to remove the sodium carbonate. All volatile components were evaporated under reduced pressure while maintaining the temperature below 20 ℃. The residue was washed at least twice with warm ethyl acetate and filtered under vacuum on a sintered glass funnel. The filtrate was dried under reduced pressure to obtain the desired product (compound (B)).¹H NMR(500MHz,D₂O)δ(ppm):1.93(3H,s,CH₃),2.11(2H,m,CH₂),2.64(3H,s,CH₃),2.65-2.69(2H,m,CH₂),3.35(2H,t,J＝6.75Hz,CH₂),4.17(2H,m,CH₂),4.33(2H,m,CH₂) 5.48(1H, s, vinyl), 5.70(1H, s, vinyl), 7.42(2H, s, vinyl).

Example 3

Synthesis of 4- (1- (3-methacrylamidopropyl) -2-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl) butanoic acid ester (C)

A solution of 2-methyl-1- (3-acrylamidopropyl) -1H-imidazole (10 g, 0.048 mol) and 10.3 g of ethyl 4-bromobutyrate (1.1 eq) in 20mL of ethanol was heated at 80 ℃ while stirring and the reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography. The mixture was cooled to room temperature after stirring overnight; 0.100 grams of BHT was added; and evaporating the volatile components under reduced pressure while maintaining the temperature below 20 ℃. The product was dissolved in water and the mixture was extracted three times with 100mL of ethyl acetate to remove unreacted ethyl 4-bromobutyrate. 0.100 grams of butylated hydroxytoluene and 6.0 grams of sodium carbonate (0.056 moles) were added to the aqueous portion. The aqueous portion is then stirred at room temperature to generate the desired zwitterion. Once the reaction is complete, the volatile components are evaporated under reduced pressure while maintainingThe temperature is below 20 ℃. The product was redissolved in acetonitrile containing 10% (v/v) ethanol and the resulting suspension was filtered to remove residual sodium carbonate. The volatile solvent was removed from the filtrate under reduced pressure, maintaining the temperature below 20 ℃. The product (compound (C)) was washed with warm acetonitrile on a sintered glass funnel to obtain the desired zwitterion.¹H NMR(500MHz,D₂O)δ(ppm):1.94(3H,s,CH₃),2.07(1H,m,CH₂),2.14(1H,m,CH₂),2.24(2H,t,J＝7.5Hz,CH₂),2.63(3H,s,CH₃),3.37(2H,t,J＝7.25Hz,CH₂),4.15(2H,t,J＝7.25Hz,CH₂),4.20(2H,t,J＝7.25Hz),CH₂) 5.48(1H, s, vinyl), 5.70(1H, s, vinyl), 7.44(2H, s, Ar-H).

Example 4 grafted Silicone hydrogel contact lenses

A reactive monomer mixture was prepared consisting of 75 wt% of the formulation listed in table 2 and 25 wt% of diluent D3O. The reactive monomer mixture was filtered through a 3 μm filter under pressure using a stainless steel syringe and subsequently degassed under reduced pressure for about thirty minutes. Approximately 75-100 μ L of the reactive mixture was dosed into a front curve mold made of Zeonor using an Eppendorf pipette at room temperature in a glove box with a nitrogen atmosphere and less than 0.2% oxygen (v/v). A bottom curve mold made of a 55:45(w/w) blend of Zeonor and polypropylene was then placed on the front curve mold. The molds were allowed to equilibrate in the glove box for a minimum of twelve hours prior to dosing. A plate comprising about four trays, each tray comprising eight lens mold assemblies, was transferred to an adjacent glove box maintained at about 62 ℃ and used with 4mW/cm²The lens was cured from the top for 12 minutes with 435nm LED light at intensity.

Working under yellow light and limiting typical exposure to additional light exposure (e.g., by wrapping the container with aluminum foil, etc.), the lenses are manually demolded, with most of the lenses adhered to the front curve mold, and released by suspending the lenses in 70% isopropanol for about one or two hours (about one lens per 15 mL), sometimes overnight, followed by two washes with 70% isopropanol, two washes with deionized water, and finally stored in deionized water in an aluminum foil covered container in a refrigerator. These lenses (4A) comprise covalently bonded monoacylphosphine oxide groups, from which a chemical grafting reaction can be initiated. Each washing step lasted about 30 minutes. One of ordinary skill in the art recognizes that the exact lens release process, in terms of concentration of the aqueous isopropanol solution, number of washes with each solvent, and duration of each step, may vary depending on the lens formulation and molding material. The purpose of the lens release process is to release all lenses without defects and to convert from a diluent swollen network to a hydrogel swollen with deionized water or packaging solution.

In a 100mL glass jar, 25 lenses (4A) were suspended in 50mL of a 10% (w/v) CBT 50:50(v/v) aqueous solution of 1, 2-propanediol and degassed under reduced pressure (about 40mm Hg) for 15 minutes and gassed with a nitrogen purge. The jar was capped and transferred to a glove box with a nitrogen atmosphere, with less than 0.2% oxygen (v/v) and a temperature of 55 ℃, and equilibrated on a shaker (180rpm) for 90 minutes. The temperature of the suspension was then 55 ℃. The top cover was replaced with a clear plastic cover and used with a power of 1.2mW/cm²The suspension was irradiated from the top with 420LED at intensity for 20 minutes while still shaking. After irradiation, the lenses were removed and washed twice with deionized water and twice with borate buffered wetting solution. The lenses were stored in vials. After one day of equilibration, the lenses were inspected and autoclaved at 122 ℃ for 30 minutes. The lenses (4B) were equilibrated for 3-4 days after sterilization, and then the physical properties of the sterile lenses were measured as listed in table 3.

In a 100mL glass jar, 25 lenses (4A) were suspended in 50mL of a 10% (w/v) aqueous solution of compound (B) in 50:50(v/v)1, 2-propanediol and degassed under reduced pressure (about 40mm Hg) for 15 minutes and gassed with a nitrogen purge. The jar was capped and transferred to a glove box with a nitrogen atmosphere, with less than 0.2% oxygen (v/v) and a temperature of 55 ℃, and equilibrated on a shaker (180rpm) for 90 minutes. The temperature of the suspension was then 55 ℃. The top cover was replaced with a clear plastic cover and used with a power of 1.2mW/cm²The suspension was irradiated from the top with 420LED at intensity for 20 minutesWhile still shaking. After irradiation, the lenses were removed and washed twice with deionized water and twice with borate buffered wetting solution. The lenses were stored in vials. After one day of equilibration, the lenses were inspected and autoclaved at 122 ℃ for 30 minutes. Lenses (4C) were equilibrated for 3-4 days after sterilization, and then the physical properties of the sterile lenses were measured as listed in table 3.

In a 100mL glass jar, 25 lenses (4A) were suspended in 50mL of a 10% (w/v) aqueous solution of compound (C) in 50:50(v/v)1, 2-propanediol and degassed under reduced pressure (about 40mm Hg) for 15 minutes and gassed with a nitrogen purge. The jar was capped and transferred to a glove box with a nitrogen atmosphere, with less than 0.2% oxygen (v/v) and a temperature of 55 ℃, and equilibrated on a shaker (180rpm) for 90 minutes. The temperature of the suspension was then 55 ℃. The top cover was replaced with a clear plastic cover and used with a power of 1.2mW/cm²The suspension was irradiated from the top with 420LED at intensity for 20 minutes while still shaking. After irradiation, the lenses were removed and washed twice with deionized water and twice with borate buffered wetting solution. The lenses were stored in vials. After one day of equilibration, the lenses were inspected and autoclaved at 122 ℃ for 30 minutes. The lenses (4D) were equilibrated for 3-4 days after sterilization, and then the physical properties of the sterile lenses were measured as listed in table 3.

Table 2: formulation components

Components	By weight%
		OH-mPDMS(n＝4)	13
OH-mPDMS(n＝15)	49
		DMA	21
HEMA	6
		PVP K90	7
TEGDMA	1.64
		Norbloc	2
blue-HEMA	0.02
		Omnirad 819	0.34
Sum of components	100

Table 3: physical Properties

Description of the invention	Lens 4A	Lens 4B	Lens 4C	Lens 4D
					Zwitterionic monomers	Is free of	CBT	Compound (B)	Compound (C)
GWG％	0	5.33	4.34	2.36
					WC％	39(0)	47(0)	48(1)	43(0)
Refractive index	1.4126	1.4037	1.4052	1.4079

The grafted lens 4D is round with acceptable roundness. The grafted lens 4C was slightly out of round, but was acceptable. The graft lens 4B is completely twisted with a wavy edge.

Example 5 Polymer

Preparation 1

50.0 grams (39.2mmol) of tellurium powder was reacted with 14.4mL of a 3.0M solution of methyllithium (43.1mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran to form a tellurate (telluronate) intermediate, which was reacted with 8.82 grams (45.1mmol) of ethyl α -bromoisobutyrate to form the organic tellurium mediated living radical polymerization modulator, ethyl 2-methyl-2-methyltelluroalkyl-propionate (Te-Me). For the metal exchange step, the reaction was carried out using an ice bath. After addition of ethyl α -bromoisobutyrate, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm and maintain at room temperature until the reaction was complete (about 2 hours). The tetrahydrofuran was then removed under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator. The crude product was vacuum distilled at 50-55 ℃ (1-2 mbar) to give the organic tellurium mediated living radical polymerization modulator Te-Me and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Examples 5A to 5D and 6 below are prophetic examples and serve to further illustrate the invention.

Example 5A

26.5 g (100mmol) of Compound (A) and 578 mg (3.5mmol) of AIBN were added to a1 l reactor and dissolved in about 250mL of 50:50(v/v) aqueous methanol. The solution was degassed by bubbling nitrogen through the system for about 15 minutes at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 60-62 ℃ for about 12 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere and then cooled to room temperature. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. Acetone was added to the residue. The resulting mixture was heated to 62 ℃ for 12 hours with constant stirring; the mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature. After standing at room temperature for two hours, the insoluble solid settled. The acetone was decanted and discarded. The crude product was rinsed in acetone for two more hours at room temperature with stirring. The acetone was decanted and discarded. The homopolymer is then vacuum dried at 60-65 ℃ to constant weight.

Example 5B

13.3 g (50mmol) of compound (A), 5.0 g (50mmol) of DMA and 578 mg (3.5mmol) of AIBN are added to a1 l reactor and dissolved in about 250mL of 50:50(v/v) aqueous methanol. The solution was degassed by bubbling nitrogen through the system for about 15 minutes at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 60-62 ℃ for about 12 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere and then cooled to room temperature. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. Acetone was added to the residue. The resulting mixture was heated to 62 ℃ for 12 hours with constant stirring; the mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature. After standing at room temperature for two hours, the insoluble solid settled. The acetone was decanted and discarded. The crude product was rinsed in acetone for two more hours at room temperature with stirring. The acetone was decanted and discarded. The copolymer is then vacuum dried at 60-65 ℃ to constant weight.

Example 5C

13.3 g (50mmol) of compound (A), 5.0 g (50mmol) DMA, 907 mg (3.5mmol) Te-Me and 578 mg (3.5mmol) AIBN were added to a1 liter reactor and dissolved in about 250mL of 50:50(v/v) aqueous methanol. The solution was degassed by bubbling nitrogen through the system for about 15 minutes at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 60-62 ℃ for about 12 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere and then cooled to room temperature. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. Acetone was added to the residue. The resulting mixture was heated to 62 ℃ for 12 hours with constant stirring; the mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature. After standing at room temperature for two hours, the insoluble solid settled. The acetone was decanted and discarded. The crude product was rinsed in acetone for two more hours at room temperature with stirring. The acetone was decanted and discarded. The copolymer is then vacuum dried at 60-65 ℃ to constant weight.

Example 5D

13.3 g (50mmol) of compound (A), 907 mg (3.5mmol) of Te-Me and 578 mg (3.5mmol) of AIBN were added to a1 l reactor and dissolved in about 250mL of 1-propanol. The solution was degassed by bubbling nitrogen through the system for about 15 minutes at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 60-62 ℃ for about 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. 13.0 grams (100mmol) of HEMA was dissolved in 30mL of 1-propanol, degassed by bubbling nitrogen through the system at room temperature for 15 minutes, charged to a reaction vessel, and heated at 70 ℃ -72 ℃ for about 6 hours with constant stirring. Finally, 13.3 g (50mmol) of compound (a) were dissolved in 30mL of 1-propanol, degassed by bubbling nitrogen through the system at room temperature for 15 minutes, charged into a reaction vessel, and heated at 60 ℃ -62 ℃ for about 4 hours with constant stirring.

The volatile components of the reaction mixture were removed under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator. The crude product was redissolved in 400mL of toluene at 60 ℃ and cooled to room temperature. The mixed solvent system was removed by rotary evaporation to give a crude product free of 1-propanol. The crude product contains methyltellurium end groups. To remove the organometallic end groups, the crude product was dissolved in 250mL of toluene containing an amount of TEMPO, which represents 3.5 times the theoretical molar amount of methyltellurium. The solution was heated at 88 ℃ for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then the volatile components were evaporated on a rotary evaporator at 60-65 ℃. The residue was dissolved in 1000mL of acetonitrile at 72 ℃ for 30 minutes to form a turbid solution. The turbid solution was allowed to cool to room temperature. After standing for a period of time to allow insoluble solids to settle, the solvent was decanted. The triblock copolymer was isolated by evaporating off the acetonitrile and drying to constant weight under vacuum at 60 ℃ to 65 ℃. The triblock copolymer may be further purified by precipitation or extraction.

EXAMPLE 6 hydrogel contact lenses

A reactive monomer mixture was prepared consisting of 50 wt% of the formulation listed in table 4 and 50 wt% of the diluent BAGE. The reactive monomer mixture was filtered through a 3 μm filter under pressure using a stainless steel syringe and subsequently degassed under reduced pressure for about thirty minutes. Approximately 75-100 μ L of the reactive mixture was dosed into a front curve mold made of Zeonor using an Eppendorf pipette at room temperature in a glove box with a nitrogen atmosphere and less than 0.2% oxygen (v/v). A bottom curve mold made of a 55:45(w/w) blend of Zeonor and polypropylene was then placed on the front curve mold. The molds were allowed to equilibrate in the glove box for a minimum of twelve hours prior to dosing. A plate comprising about four trays, each tray comprising eight lens mold assemblies, was transferred to an adjacent glove box maintained at about 62 ℃ and used with a lens mold assembly having a thickness of 4.5mW/cm²TL03 light at intensity cured the lens from the top for 5 minutes.

The lenses were manually demolded, with most of the lenses adhered to the front curve mold, and released by suspending the lenses in 80% isopropanol for about one or two hours (about one lens per 15 mL), sometimes overnight, followed by two washes with 80% isopropanol, two washes with deionized water, two washes with borate buffered wetting solution, and finally stored in the borate buffered wetting solution in a vial. After one day of equilibration, the lenses were inspected and autoclaved at 122 ℃ for 30 minutes.

Table 4: formulation components

Components	By weight%
		HEMA	94
Compound (A)	3
		EGDMA	1
Norbloc	1
		blue-HEMA	0.02
Omnirad 1700	0.98
		Sum of components	100

Claims (15)

1. A zwitterionic polymerizable compound of formula I:

wherein R is¹、R²And R³Independently H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl;

L¹and L²Each independently is a linking group; and is

R_gIs a polymerizable group.

2. The compound of claim 1, wherein R¹Is H or C₁-C₆An alkyl group.

3. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein R²Is H.

4. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein R³Is H.

5. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein L¹And L²Independently alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or combinations thereof.

6. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein L¹And L²Independently an alkylene group.

7. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein P_gIncluding styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth) acrylate or (meth) acryloylAn amine.

8. The compound of claim 1, which is:

3- (1- (3-methacrylamidoylpropyl) -1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl) propionate;

3- (1- (3-methacrylamidoylpropyl) -2-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl) propionate; or

4- (1- (3-methacrylamidoylpropyl) -2-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl) butanoic acid ester.

9. An ophthalmic device comprising a polymer derived from the zwitterionic polymerizable compound of any one of claims 1-8.

10. The ophthalmic device of claim 9, wherein the polymer is contained in or coated on the device.

11. The ophthalmic device of claim 9, wherein the polymer comprises a free radical reaction product of the compound and one or more monomers suitable for making the ophthalmic device.

12. The ophthalmic device of claim 11 wherein the monomer suitable for use in the preparation of the ophthalmic device is selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic components, hydrophobic components, silicone-containing components, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

13. The ophthalmic device of any one of claims 9 to 12, which is an intraocular lens or a soft contact lens.

14. The ophthalmic device of claim 13, which is a hydrogel contact lens.

15. A blister package comprising an ophthalmic device and a packaging solution, wherein the packaging solution comprises a polymer derived from the polymerizable zwitterionic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 8.