HK1237178A1 - Initial cell scanning based on context information - Google Patents

Description

Initial cell scanning based on context information

Background

Wireless mobile communication technology utilizes various standards and protocols for communication between wireless devices, such as Base Transceiver Stations (BTSs), and wireless mobile devices. In the third generation partnership project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, a BTS is a combination of an evolved node B (eNodeB or eNB) and a Radio Network Controller (RNC) in a global terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) that communicates with wireless mobile devices, referred to as User Equipment (UE).

Drawings

The invention described herein is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings. For simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements illustrated in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity. Further, where considered appropriate, reference numerals have been repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements.

Fig. 1 schematically shows an example of a wireless environment according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 schematically shows an example of a block diagram of a system according to an embodiment.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment.

Fig. 4 schematically shows a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment.

Fig. 5 schematically illustrates an example of a block diagram of a wireless communication network including a User Equipment (UE) and an evolved node b (enb) according to an embodiment.

Fig. 6 schematically depicts an example of a system according to an embodiment.

Fig. 7 shows an example of a block diagram of a mobile communication device according to an embodiment.

Reference will now be made to the exemplary embodiments illustrated, and specific language will be used herein to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended.

Detailed Description

Before the present invention is disclosed and described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but extends to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those skilled in the art. It is also to be understood that the terminology employed herein is for the purpose of describing particular examples only and is not intended to be limiting. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.

References in the specification to "one embodiment," "an example embodiment," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.

Embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof. Embodiments of the invention may also be implemented as instructions stored on a machine-readable medium, which may be read and executed by one or more processors. A machine-readable medium may include any mechanism for storing or transmitting information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer device). Some examples of a machine-readable medium may include Read Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices, and so forth. Some transitory examples of a machine-readable medium may include electrical, optical, acoustical or other form of propagated signals (e.g., carrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals, etc.), and others.

The following description may include terms, such as first, second, etc., that are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting.

Various aspects of the illustrative embodiments will be described using terms commonly employed by those skilled in the art to convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that alternative embodiments may be practiced with only some of the described aspects. For purposes of explanation, specific numbers, materials, and configurations are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the illustrative embodiments. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that alternative embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known features are omitted or simplified in order not to obscure the illustrative embodiments.

Further, various operations will be described as multiple discrete operations in turn, in a manner that is most helpful in understanding the illustrative embodiments; however, the order of description should not be construed as to imply that these operations are necessarily order dependent. In particular, these operations need not be performed in the order of presentation.

An initial overview of technical embodiments is provided below, followed by a further detailed description of specific technical embodiments later. This initial summary is intended to assist the reader in understanding the technology more quickly, is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the technology, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter. The following description is provided to clarify the summary and examples described below.

Although example embodiments may generally be described herein in connection with a cellular network, other types of wireless networks may be used that may achieve similar advantages. These networks may include, but are not limited to, Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) networks, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs), and/or Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs), among others.

The following embodiments may be used in applications including transmitters and receivers of a mobile radio system. Radio systems included within the scope of embodiments may include, but are not limited to, Network Interface Cards (NICs), network adapters, base stations, Access Points (APs), relay nodes, evolved node bs, gateways, bridges, hubs, and satellite radiotelephones. Moreover, the radio systems within the scope of the embodiments may include satellite systems, Personal Communication Systems (PCS), two-way radio systems, Global Positioning Systems (GPS), two-way pagers, Personal Computers (PCS) and related peripherals, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), personal computing accessories and existing as well as future arising systems which may be related in nature and to which the principles of the embodiments suitably may be applied.

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a wireless mobile device (e.g., User Equipment (UE)) that can utilize context information to accelerate an initial scanning process. As shown in fig. 1, UE102 may communicate wirelessly with one or more wireless devices, e.g., in a wireless communication network. In various embodiments, the wireless communication network may comprise a cellular network or any other wireless communication network. Examples of wireless devices may include base station 110, which may serve cell 112, and/or base station 120, which may serve another cell 122. If UE102 is in cell 112, base station 110 may provide radio resources on multiple carriers to UE 102. Similarly, if UE102 is located in cell 122, base station 120 may provide radio resources on multiple carriers to UE 102. In various embodiments, UE102 may be a subscriber station that may utilize a protocol compatible with 3GPP standards including, for example, Long Term Evolution (LTE) (including LTE advanced or variants thereof), such as utilizing one or more radio resources on multiple carriers simultaneously in a carrier aggregation scheme.

In various embodiments, the UE102 may support multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications with at least one base station. For example, UE102 may include one or more antennas to simultaneously utilize one or more radio resources of one or more respective component carriers. In some embodiments, the UE102 may communicate using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) (e.g., downlink) and/or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) (e.g., uplink). In various embodiments, the UE102 may be a cellular phone, a mobile phone, a Personal Computer (PC), a notebook, an ultra mobile PC (umpc), a handheld mobile device, a Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Consumer Premise Equipment (CPE) or other consumer electronics (e.g., MP3 player, digital camera, etc.), a personal computing accessory, and all existing and future arising wireless mobile devices that may be related in nature and to which the principles of the embodiments may be suitably applied.

In various embodiments, base stations 110 and/or 120 may be evolved node b (enb) stations. For example, the base station may be a combination of an evolved global terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) node B (again, generically represented as an evolved node B, enhanced node B, eNodeB, or eNB) and a Radio Network Controller (RNC) in communication with the UE 102. eNB stations 110 and/or 120 may each include one or more antennas, one or more radio modules for modulating and/or demodulating signals transmitted or received over the air interface, and one or more digital modules for processing signals transmitted and received over the air interface.

In some embodiments, in response to being powered on, the UE102 may perform an initial cell scan to search for a set of one or more candidate frequency bands that may be supported by the UE 102. The UE102 may search through the set of one or more candidate frequency bands one after another until a frequency band supported by the UE102 is detected. In some examples, the UE102 may spend a certain amount of time and battery power scanning for cells of one or more frequency bands. In some other examples, for example, for traveling in a mountainous area where there is no or little wireless network coverage, the UE102 may repeatedly perform the initial scan and may run out of battery power.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the UE102 may physically perform a location process using wireless fidelity (WiFi), Global Positioning System (GPS), bluetooth, sensors, and/or any other location technology to obtain current location information of the UE 102. For example, UE102 may include a WiFi communication module (not shown) that may communicate with WiFi router 130 to find, for example, an access point having a Service Set Identification (SSID) of a current location of UE102 (e.g., "san francisco international airport"). In some embodiments, UE102 may include a GPS module (not shown) to communicate with, for example, satellites 150 to obtain current location information of UE 102. In some other embodiments, the UE102 may obtain current location information of the UE102, for example, via a bluetooth module (not shown). In some other embodiments, the UE102 may utilize one or more sensors (not shown) to obtain current location information of the UE 102. The UE102 may obtain a set of one or more target or candidate frequency bands associated with the current location of the UE102 based on the obtained current location information. Although fig. 1 illustrates that the UE102 may obtain candidate frequency bands based on WiFi and/or GPS positioning, the UE102 may use any other positioning component (e.g., sensors and/or bluetooth units) to complete the physical positioning process.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, at least initially, UE102 may have a wireless connection established with eNB 110. For example, if UE102 is within cell 112 of eNB 110 at a first location (e.g., beijing), UE102 may communicate with eNB 110. If UE102 roams or moves to a cell 122 of eNB 120 at a second location (e.g., san francisco), UE102 may communicate with eNB 120. Although one UE102 is shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, one or more UEs may be located in a cell of an eNB.

In various embodiments, the UE102 may predict or indicate in advance a next location or potential location to which the UE102 is going based on context information associated with the next location. In some embodiments, the context information may be stored on a storage medium (not shown) of the UE 102. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the context information may include location information 140a and/or time information 140b, such as a calendar 140 that may be relevant to future travel of the user of UE 102. The calendar 140 including the location information 140a and/or the time information 140b may be stored in a storage medium of the UE 102. In some embodiments, the contextual information may include maps, map search results, and/or any other map information that may be relevant to the next location or potential location of the UE 102. For example, the UE102 may collect map information via a user request for map information. For another example, the UE102 may search a map online/offline to obtain map information. In some embodiments, the UE102 may store the obtained map information on a memory of the UE 102.

In some embodiments, the context information may include application data or information from one or more applications that may be running on the UE 102. In some other embodiments, the application information may include information about time, events/meetings, travel and/or location that may be used to predict the next location of the UE 102. For example, UE102 may obtain travel information in response to executing one or more applications (e.g., a calendar application, a travel plan/schedule application, and/or any other application that may contain travel information and/or any other contextual information). In some other embodiments, the context information may include a timer alert, for example, in one or more applications. The UE102 may obtain the application data in response to an indication that a timer alarm triggers application information periodically or at a predetermined time.

In some embodiments, the context information may include cloud information associated with the next location of the UE102 and may be stored in cloud space. The UE102 may obtain or download cloud information from the cloud space. In another example, the UE102 may obtain context information from one or more cloud-based applications. In some other embodiments, the context information may include messages and/or advertisements that one or more other wireless devices may broadcast.

UE102 may predict or indicate a next location (e.g., a next station geographical location) based on the collected context information. For example, as shown in fig. 1, UE102 may predict the next location of UE102 as "san francisco" based on "4-month-4-day san francisco business trip" on calendar 140. The UE102 may obtain a set of one or more target or candidate bands associated with the predicted location or any other radio data from the wireless service provider with/without any physical positioning via WiFi, GPS, bluetooth, sensors, etc.

As shown in fig. 1, in response to roaming from a first cell 112 at a first location (e.g., beijing) to a second cell 122 at a second location (i.e., san francisco), UE102 may perform a scan of a set of one or more candidate bands corresponding to a predicted next location of UE 102. In some other embodiments, the UE102 may obtain the set of one or more frequency bands based on location/position information collected in a physical positioning process, e.g., via WiFi, GPS, bluetooth, sensors, etc. The UE102 may perform a scan of a set of frequency bands obtained based on the collected position/location information.

Fig. 2 schematically illustrates an example system that a user equipment (e.g., UE 102) may use in accordance with some embodiments. As shown in fig. 2, system 200 may include an Operating System (OS)210, which may be stored in a memory (not shown) of UE 102. In some embodiments, the OS 210 may include one or more instructions and/or applications that a processor (e.g., 604 of fig. 6) of the UE102 may execute. In some embodiments, the OS 210 may be an Android OS, iOS, Mac OS, or any other OS that may be used in a wireless mobile device.

In various embodiments, the OS 210 may include a subsystem 212 that may be executed by a processor of the UE102 to collect context information about where the UE102 is to go based on, for example, application information of the application 220 and/or location information from the modem receive/transmit (RT) operating system 230. In various embodiments, the processor of the UE102 may execute the subsystem 212 to obtain access application information and/or location information via a driver 214 in the OS 210. In some other embodiments, the UE102 may obtain the context information from cloud space or by executing a cloud-based application.

In some embodiments, the application 220 may include a calendar application. The calendar application may include application information related to travel of the user of the UE 102. In some embodiments, the processor of UE102 may execute a calendar application to access application information to obtain travel information for the user. In some embodiments, the processor may execute the application 220 to search for maps online/offline and obtain map search results or any other map information. In some other embodiments, the processor of UE102 may execute modem RT OS 230 to obtain location information (e.g., SSID) of the access point in response to communicating with the WiFi router via a WiFi unit in UE 102. In some embodiments, subsystem 212 may have one or more instructions executable by a processor to provide GPS location information.

Fig. 3 shows an example of a flow that a UE (e.g., 102) may use. In various embodiments, this procedure may be used in location prediction or indication in the initial frequency band scan. As shown in fig. 3, in block 302, UE102 may execute a calendar application to obtain travel information and/or calendar information included in the calendar application. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the stored travel information may include destination information (e.g., "san francisco") and/or time information (e.g., 4 months and 4 days in 2013) of the user associated with the travel schedule of the user of the UE 102. In block 304, the UE102 may obtain map information associated with a map search and/or plan information associated with a travel plan, for example. For example, the UE102 may search a map of san francisco online/offline to obtain map information (e.g., map search results). The UE102 may obtain plan information (e.g., destination information and/or time information) included in the travel plan.

Although fig. 3 shows that UE102 may obtain travel information, calendar information, destination information, map information, and/or plan information, which may indicate a next location of UE102, in some other embodiments, UE102 may utilize any other contextual information. Examples of context information may also include one or more information from the group of application information, event/meeting information, cloud data, and/or any other information that may be relevant to the next location of the UE 102. In some embodiments, the UE102 may obtain the context information periodically and/or in response to a timer alert. In some other embodiments, the UE102 may obtain the context information from a cloud space or cloud-based application.

As shown in fig. 3, in block 306, the UE102 may predict or indicate a next location to which the UE102 is going based on the context information obtained in blocks 302 and/or 304. In block 308, the UE102 may determine a set of one or more target or candidate frequency bands with respect to the next location predicted in block 306.

In block 310, the UE102 may power up in response to roaming/moving from a first location (e.g., beijing) to a next location (e.g., san francisco, predicted in block 308). In some embodiments, the UE102 may not be powered off when roaming from the first location to the second location. In block 312, in response to powering on, the UE102 may perform an initial cell scan on the set of one or more candidate frequency bands determined in block 308 to search for frequency bands supported by the UE102 from the set of candidate frequency bands. In some embodiments, the UE102 may obtain the predicted next position based on the context information to reduce the number of candidate frequency bands to be scanned in the initial scanning process. In block 312, the UE102 may further perform network entry in response to finding at least one candidate frequency band, e.g., accessible and supported by the UE102, in the initial cell scan. For example, UE102 may receive one or more broadcast channel messages, e.g., from eNB 120, and may send a channel synchronization access request to eNB 120 to perform network entry.

Fig. 4 shows another example of a procedure that may be used by the UE 102. In various embodiments, this procedure may be used in location prediction or indication in the initial cell scan. As shown in fig. 4, the flow is similar to that of fig. 3, except that the flow of fig. 4 may utilize location/position information obtained by physical positioning, for example, via communication via local components (e.g., WiFi units, bluetooth antenna ports, sensors, and/or GPS modules, etc.). In some embodiments, in block 412, in response to powering on, the UE102 may collect information about the current location of the UE102 via a physical positioning process. For example, the UE102 may utilize a WiFi module, a bluetooth module, a GPS module, sensors, and/or other built-in components to perform physical location processing to obtain current location information of the UE 102. The UE102 may obtain current location information based on the geographic location indication in the WiFi SSID. In some other embodiments, the UE102 may obtain the current location information based on a message or advertisement broadcast and/or any other signal from one or more other wireless devices. In block 414, the UE102 may select one or more frequency bands from the set of candidate frequency bands obtained in block 408 based on the current location obtained in block 412, e.g., via physical positioning. In some embodiments, the UE102 may perform physical location processing in block 412 to obtain current location information that may be used to reduce the number of candidate bands determined in block 408.

Although the methods of fig. 3 and 4 are shown as comprising a series of processes, in some embodiments, the methods may perform the illustrated processes in a different order.

Although fig. 4 shows blocks 412 and 414, in some embodiments, blocks 412 and 414 may not be triggered if the UE102 is able to predict the next location in block 406. In some other embodiments, blocks 412 and 414 may not be triggered if the number of sets of candidate frequency bands determined in block 408 does not exceed a threshold. In still other embodiments, the initial scan of block 416 may occur concurrently with blocks 412 and/or 414 (e.g., physical positioning processes). For example, if the initial cell scan of block 416 fails, the UE102 may perform another cell scan on the frequency bands obtained based on the current location information, e.g., as shown in blocks 412 and/or 414.

Fig. 5 illustrates a wireless communication network 500 in accordance with various embodiments. The wireless communication network 500 (hereinafter "network 100") may include a base station (e.g., eNB 512) that may communicate wirelessly with a UE (e.g., 502).

In some embodiments, the UE 502 may include a communication module 530 and a control module 520. The communication module 530 may be further coupled with a set of one or more antennas 570 of the eNB 512 for communicating wirelessly over the network 500. The UE 502 may include any suitable number of antennas 540. In some embodiments, the UE 502 may include at least as many antennas 540 as the number of simultaneous spatial layers or streams the UE 502 receives from the eNB 512; however, in some embodiments, the UE 502 may have a different number of antennas. While the number of spatial layers or streams may also be referred to as transmission rank or simply rank. One or more of the antennas 540 may alternately function as a transmit antenna or a receive antenna. In some embodiments, one or more of antennas 540 may be a dedicated receive antenna or a dedicated transmit antenna. In various embodiments, the control module 530 may perform the flow illustrated in fig. 3 and/or fig. 4.

As shown in fig. 5, the eNB 512 may include a communication module 560 and a control module 550 coupled to each other at least as shown in fig. 5. The communication module 560 may be further coupled with one or more antennas 540 of the UE 502. The communication module 560 may communicate (e.g., transmit and/or receive) with one or more UEs (e.g., UE 502). In various embodiments, the eNB 512 may include at least as many antennas 570 as the number of simultaneous transmission streams transmitted to the UE 502; however, in some embodiments, eNB 512 may have a different number of antennas. One or more of the antennas 570 may alternately function as a transmit antenna or a receive antenna. In some embodiments, one or more of the antennas 570 may be dedicated receive antennas or dedicated transmit antennas. In some embodiments, one or more of the antennas 570 may alternate between communicating in one or more cells.

Fig. 6 illustrates an example of a system 600 according to some embodiments. The system 600 may include: one or more processors 604; system control logic 608 coupled with at least one of the processors 604; a system memory 612 coupled to the system control logic 608; non-volatile memory (NVM)/storage 616 coupled with system control logic 608; a network interface 620 coupled with system control logic 608; and input/output (I/O) devices 630 coupled with system control logic 608.

Processor 604 may include one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor 604 may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, baseband processors, etc.).

System control logic 608 for one embodiment may include any suitable interface controllers to provide for any suitable interface to at least one of processors 604 and/or to any suitable device or component in communication with system control logic 608.

System control logic 608 for one embodiment may include one or more memory controllers to provide an interface to system memory 612. System memory 612 may be used to load and store data and/or instructions, for example, for system 600. For example, system memory 612 for one embodiment may comprise any suitable volatile memory (e.g., suitable Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)).

For example, NVM/storage 616 may include one or more tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media for storing data and/or instructions. For example, NVM/storage 616 may include any suitable non-volatile memory (e.g., flash memory), for example, and/or may include any suitable non-volatile storage device(s) (e.g., one or more Hard Disk Drives (HDDs), one or more Compact Disk (CD) drives, and/or one or more Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) drives).

NVM/storage 616 may include storage resources that are physically part of a device on which system 600 is installed or that may be accessible by a device and not necessarily part of a device. For example, the NVM/storage 616 may be accessed over a network via the network interface 620 and/or over input/output (I/O) devices 630.

Network interface 620 may have a transceiver module 622 to provide a radio interface for system 600 to communicate over one or more networks and/or with any other suitable device. The transceiver 622 may implement the communication module 530 or 560. In various embodiments, the transceiver 622 may be integrated with other components of the system 600. For example, transceiver 622 may include a processor in processor 604, memory in system memory 612, and NVM/storage in NVM/storage 616. Network interface 620 may include any suitable hardware and/or firmware. The network interface 620 may include multiple antennas to provide a multiple-input multiple-output radio interface. Network interface 620 for one embodiment may include, for example, a wired network adapter, a wireless network adapter, a telephone modem, and/or a wireless modem.

For one embodiment, at least one of the processors 604 may be packaged together with logic for one or more controllers of system control logic 608. For one embodiment, at least one of the processors 604 may be packaged together with logic for one or more controllers of system control logic 608 to form a System In Package (SiP). For one embodiment, at least one of processors 604 may be integrated on the same die with logic for one or more controllers of system control logic 608. For one embodiment, at least one of processors 604 may be integrated on the same die with logic for one or more controllers of system control logic 608 to form a system on a chip (SoC).

In various embodiments, the I/O device 630 may include: a user interface designed to enable user interaction with the system 600; a peripheral component interface designed to enable interaction with peripheral components of system 600; and/or sensors designed to determine environmental conditions and/or location information related to the system 600.

In some embodiments, the user interface may include, but is not limited to, a display (e.g., a liquid crystal display, a touch screen display, etc.), a speaker, a microphone, one or more cameras (e.g., still cameras and/or video cameras), a flash (e.g., a light emitting diode flash), and a keyboard.

In some embodiments, the peripheral component interfaces may include, but are not limited to, a non-volatile memory port, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port, an audio jack, and a power interface.

In some embodiments, the sensors may include, but are not limited to, a gyroscope sensor, an accelerometer, a proximity sensor, an ambient light sensor, and a positioning unit (e.g., 632). In some embodiments, the positioning unit 632 may also be part of or interact with the network interface 620 to communicate with components of a positioning network (e.g., Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites, WiFi routers, bluetooth antenna ports).

In some embodiments, the system 600 may be a mobile device, such as, but not limited to, a laptop computing device, a tablet computing device, a netbook, a smartphone, a wearable device, and the like. In various embodiments, system 600 may have more or fewer components and/or different architectures. In various embodiments, system 600 may include a mobile device, e.g., a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Station (MS), a mobile wireless device, a mobile communication device, a smartphone, a wearable device, a tablet, a handset, or other type of mobile wireless device. The mobile device may include one or more antennas configured to: communicate with a Base Station (BS), evolved node b (enb), or other type of Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) access point. Although two antennas are shown, the mobile device may have between one and four or more antennas.

In various embodiments, the mobile device may communicate using at least one wireless communication standard including third generation partnership project long term evolution (3gpp lte), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), bluetooth, WiFi, or other wireless standards. The mobile device may communicate using a separate antenna for each wireless communication standard or a shared antenna for multiple wireless communication standards. The mobile device may communicate in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), and/or a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN).

Fig. 7 provides an example illustration of a mobile device 700, such as a User Equipment (UE), Mobile Station (MS), mobile wireless device, mobile communication device, tablet, handset, or other type of mobile wireless device. Mobile device 700 can include one or more antennas 702 to communicate with a Base Station (BS), evolved node b (enb), or other type of Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) access point. Although two antennas 702 are shown, mobile device 700 can have a different number of antennas. The mobile device 700 may communicate using at least one wireless communication standard including third generation partnership project long term evolution (3GPP LTE), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), bluetooth, WiFi, or any other wireless standard. The mobile device 700 can communicate using separate antennas for each wireless communication standard or shared antennas for multiple wireless communication standards. The mobile device 700 can communicate in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), and/or a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN).

The mobile device 700 can include a microphone 710 and one or more speakers 706, which can be used for audio input and output from the mobile device 700. An example of the display screen 720 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen or other type of display screen (e.g., an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display). In some embodiments, the display screen 720 may be a touch screen. The touch screen may use capacitive, resistive or any other type of touch screen technology. The application processor 730 and the graphics processor 740 may be coupled to internal memory 750 to provide processing and/or display capabilities. The non-volatile memory port 704 may also be used to provide data input/output options to the user and/or to expand the memory capacity of the mobile device 700. Keyboard 708 may be integrated with mobile device 700 or wirelessly connected to mobile device 700 to provide additional user input; however, in some embodiments, the keyboard 708 may not be required. For example, a virtual keyboard may be provided for a touch screen.

It should be appreciated that many of the functional units described in this specification have been labeled as modules, in order to more particularly emphasize their implementation independence. For example, a module may be implemented as a hardware circuit comprising custom VLSI circuits or gate arrays, off-the-shelf semiconductors (e.g., logic chips), transistors, or other discrete components. A module may also be implemented in programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic, programmable logic devices or the like.

Modules may also be implemented in software for execution by various types of processors. An identified module of executable code may, for instance, comprise one or more physical or logical blocks of computer instructions which may, for instance, be organized as an object, procedure, or function. Nevertheless, the executables of an identified module need not be physically located together, but may comprise disparate instructions stored in different locations which, when joined logically together, comprise the module and achieve the stated purpose for the module.

A module of executable code may be a single instruction, or many instructions, and may even be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across several memory devices. Similarly, operational data may be identified and illustrated herein within modules, and may be embodied in any suitable form and organized within any suitable type of data structure. The operational data may be collected as a single data set, or may be distributed over different locations including over different storage devices, and may exist, at least partially, merely as electronic signals on a system or network. The modules may be passive or active, including agents operable to perform desired functions.

Reference throughout this specification to "an example" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "for example" appearing in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

As used herein, a plurality of items, structural elements, compositional elements, and/or materials may be presented in a common list for convenience. However, these lists should be construed as though each member of the list is individually identified as a separate and unique member. Thus, no individual member of such list should be construed as an equivalent to any other member of the same list solely based on their presentation in a common group without indications to the contrary. Moreover, various embodiments and examples of the invention may be referred to herein, along with alternatives for the various components thereof. It should be understood that these embodiments, examples and alternatives are not to be construed as equivalents to each other but are to be considered as separate and autonomous representations of the invention.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided, such as examples of search spaces, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.

While the foregoing embodiments illustrate the principles of the invention in one or more particular applications, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications in form, usage and details of implementation can be made without the exercise of the capabilities of the invention and without departing from the principles and concepts of the invention. Accordingly, it is not intended that the invention be limited, except as by the claims set forth below.

Although the methods of fig. 3 and 4 are shown as comprising a series of processes, the methods in some embodiments may perform the illustrated processes in a different order.

While certain features of the invention have been described with reference to embodiments, the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications of the embodiments, as well as other embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to persons skilled in the art to which the invention pertains are deemed to lie within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (19)

1. A user equipment, comprising:

one or more of the antennas may be a single antenna,

a processor to: communicate with an enhanced node B (eNB) of an Internet Protocol (IP) based wireless communication network via the antenna; and

a storage medium coupled to the processor, the storage medium having stored thereon instructions that if executed by the processor result in:

collecting, at a first location, context information associated with a second location from which the user equipment is to roam;

predicting the second location of the user equipment based on the context information;

determining a set of one or more candidate frequency bands associated with the second location; and

in response to the user equipment roaming to the second location, at the second location, performing an initial cell scan based on the set of one or more candidate bands to search for bands supported by the user equipment.

2. The user equipment of claim 1, wherein the storage medium has stored thereon instructions that, if executed by the processor, further result in:

storing the context information associated with the second location on the storage medium.

3. The user equipment of claim 1, wherein the storage medium has stored thereon instructions that, if executed by the processor, further result in:

collecting the context information from a calendar including travel information to indicate the second location, wherein the calendar is stored on the storage medium.

4. The user equipment of claim 1, wherein the storage medium has stored thereon instructions that, if executed by the processor, further result in:

performing a map search online or offline to collect the contextual information from results of a map search, wherein the results of a map search are related to the second location of the user device.

5. The user equipment of claim 1, wherein the storage medium has stored thereon instructions that, if executed by the processor, further result in:

executing one or more applications to collect the contextual information, wherein the one or more applications each include application data related to the second location of the user device.

6. The user equipment of claim 1, further comprising:

a positioning unit coupled to the processor and

wherein the storage medium has stored thereon instructions that if executed by the processor further result in:

collecting positioning information from the positioning unit relating to the second location in response to the user equipment roaming to the second location;

selecting a candidate frequency band from the set of one or more frequency bands based on the positioning information; and

performing the initial cell scan based on the selected candidate frequency band.

7. The user equipment of claim 1, wherein the positioning unit comprises one or more from the group comprising: a Global Positioning System (GPS) module; a wireless fidelity (WiFi) module; bluetooth module and sensor.

8. A method, comprising:

at a first location, collecting context information associated with a potential location to which the user equipment is to roam from the first location;

predicting the potential location of the user device based on the context information;

determining a first set of one or more candidate bands associated with the potential location; and

in response to the user equipment roaming to the potential location, at the potential location, performing an initial cell scan based on the set of one or more candidate bands to search for bands supported by the user equipment.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

storing the context information on a storage medium of the user device.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the contextual information comprises one or more from the group comprising: trip information for a calendar indicating the potential location, results of a map search related to the potential location, application data for an application related to the potential location of the user device, a timer alert for triggering an indication of the potential location.

11. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

in response to the user equipment roaming to the potential location, performing physical positioning to obtain positioning information relating to the potential location and determining that the set of one or more candidate bands relating to the potential location failed;

selecting a second set of one or more candidate bins based on the positioning information; and

performing the initial cell scan based on the second set of one or more candidate bands to search for bands supported by the user equipment.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein the positioning information comprises one or more from the group comprising: global Positioning System (GPS) information; service Set Identification (SSID) information; bluetooth positioning information and sensor positioning information; advertising messages on WiFi or bluetooth antenna ports.

13. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause a User Equipment (UE) to:

obtaining, at a first location, location information of a destination to which the user equipment is to roam;

predicting a destination of the user equipment based on the location information;

determining a set of one or more candidate frequency bands relating to the destination; and

performing an initial cell scan based on the set of one or more candidate bands to search for bands supported by the user equipment in response to the user equipment roaming to the destination.

14. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause a User Equipment (UE) to further:

at the first location, collecting location information from one or more of a group comprising: travel information related to the destination, map search results on a map of the destination, application data of an application for planning a tour to the destination, and meeting or event information related to the destination.

15. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause a User Equipment (UE) to further:

obtaining location information for the destination via physical location in response to the user equipment roaming to the destination;

selecting a candidate frequency band from the set of one or more frequency bands based on the positioning information; and

performing the initial cell scan based on the selected candidate frequency band.

16. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, wherein the positioning information comprises one or more from the group consisting of: global Positioning System (GPS) information; service Set Identification (SSID) information; bluetooth positioning information and sensor positioning information.

17. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause a User Equipment (UE) to further:

triggering the physical location in response to determining that the number of the set of one or more candidate bins exceeds a threshold.

18. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, having stored thereon instructions that, when executed, cause a User Equipment (UE) to further:

triggering the physical positioning in response to determining that the initial cell scan failed.

19. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause a User Equipment (UE) to further:

triggering physical positioning to obtain positioning information about the destination in response to determining that the initial cell scan failed;

selecting a second set of one or more candidate bands from the set of one or more bands based on the positioning information; and

a second initial cell scan is performed based on the selected candidate frequency band.