HK1137726B - Lift belt, manufacturing method for such a lift belt and lift system with such a belt - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a lifting device, a manufacturing process for such a lifting device and a lifting system with such a lifting device.

A lift system shall consist of a lifting cab and, as a rule, a balancing or counterbalancing device which can be moved in a lift shaft or along free-standing control devices. The lift cab and the balancing or counterbalancing device may be connected by at least a belt-like support to compensate at least partly for the lift cab's gravity. To produce the movement, the lift system shall have at least one drive with at least one drive wheel per lift, which transmits the necessary driving forces to the lift cab and, where appropriate, to the balancing or counterbalancing device by at least one belt-like drive.

The load bearing and propulsion systems may, for example in the case of a drum traction, be formed by separate belts, the load bearing elements enclosing pure steering elements and linking the lifting cab and balancing weight together while the propulsion systems are coiled up to the drive wheel. Preferably, the functions of the load bearing and propulsion system are performed by a combined load bearing and propulsion system, as is the case, for example, with a so-called drive-disc lift. In this case, at least one belt-type load bearing and propulsion system encloses at least one drive wheel, the load bearing weight at least partially compensating the lifting force of the lifting cab and at the same time ensuring the necessary propulsion capacity between the drive and the propulsion system.

A belt according to the present invention may be used for any of the functions described above, i.e. as a load bearing device, as a propulsion device or as a combined load bearing and propulsion device.

The use of a strap-on is usually made from an elastomer strap body, and for the purpose of transmitting the pulling forces, it is known, for example, from EP 1 555 234 B1, that strap-on supports in the form of steel and/or plastic ropes are embedded in the strap body. Other In order to increase the pressure applied to the drive wheel and thus the traction or drive capacity at the same radial force and thus the same load and strap tension, it is also known from EP 1 555 234 B1 to form the contact surface of the belt body, which interacts with a drive wheel, with wedge strips, which interact with grooves shaped accordingly on the tread surface of the drive wheel.

Belts are known from documents AU 24687 71 A, US 6 295 799 B1, WO 2004/029343 A and WO 01-14630 A, each of which has its train carrier in a tubular housing embedded in the belt cover.

The use of drawbars in the form of ropes with small diameters makes it possible to use driveships with small diameters. The drive shaft of the drive itself can even be trained as a drive shaft.

However, small-diameter drive and rolling-wheels have the disadvantage that in the areas of the belt on which a drive or rolling-wheel is located, the towing vehicles exert a high surface pressure on the surrounding belt bodies. In particular, even if the towing vehicles have small diameters, this surface pressure can be increased to such an extent that there is a risk of damage to the belt body. In addition, a small-diameter drive carries the traction force of the towing vehicle through the belt body to the towing vehicles over a relatively short length of the belt, which results in relatively high strain between the towing vehicle and the towing vehicles.

The effects described above may cause damage to the belt body, for example in the form of (micro) abrasion, breakage of the elastomer surrounding the support or cutting of the support into the elastomer.

The present invention is therefore intended to create a lifting system which reduces the risk of the belt breaking and increases its service life.

A further purpose of the present invention is to provide a lifting strap for such a lifting system which can also transmit higher forces.

To meet these tasks, a lifting device as defined in claim 1 and a lifting system as defined in claim 13 have been further developed by their characteristics.

A lifting system belt assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a belt body of a first material, a drawbar assembly with at least one drawbar assembly arranged in the belt body, and a hose assembly of a second material with at least one hose, with at least one drawbar assembly of the drawbar assembly arranged in a separate hose of the drawbar assembly assigned to it.

By arranging a drawbar bearing in a tube of a second material which is preferably firmer, harder, less elastic, harder and/or less prone to scratches than the first material, the pulling, pushing and pushing forces acting on the drawbar bearing are first transferred to the tube and can be transferred from this homogeneous to the belt body at least partially surrounding this tube, which prevents damage to the belt body by pointally high forces.

At the same time, the surface area through which the forces are transferred between the drawbar and the belt body is advantageously increased, so that the resulting surface loads are reduced or higher forces can be transferred.

The increased surface area between the tubes of the tube system and the belt body can improve the connection between these two components of the belt. On the other hand, the arrangement of the drawbar in each of its own tubes can keep the material proportion of the tube system to the total volume of the belt low, so that the first material of the belt body, which preferably has good damping, friction and/or thrust deformation properties, can form a high material proportion to the total volume of the belt.

Preferably, at least one drawbar of the drawbar assembly shall consist of a wire rope or a fibre rope made of one or more wires or wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns. In particular, in the case of multilayer drawbars, where individual wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns of one or more wires or yarns are drawn together and then drawn to the drawbar, the drawbar surrounding the drawbar shall result in a more homogeneous distribution of the forces exerted on the individual wires or yarns or yarns or on the individual yarns. These forces are first absorbed by the hose, distributed in this hose and transmitted to the hose at least equally.

For the sake of simplicity, only drawing frames in the form of wires made of stranded wire or wire mesh are mentioned below.

A hose or tubes of the hose arrangement may each envelop one of the drawbar bearings of the drawbar arrangement in a mantle-like manner so that the inside of the drawbar is free of secondary material. In particular, one or more drawbars may be interwoven with the secondary material in one or more layers. Such a mantle-like envelope may advantageously allow a certain micro-motion of individual wires or ropes of the drawbar relative to each other and thus lead to a tension balance, particularly when wrapping a drive or transformer wheel.

In addition or alternatively, one or more drawbar bearings of the drawbar assembly may be embedded in a single stranded tube of the drawbar assembly, on the inner side of which the second material forming the stranded tube is closely connected to the surface structure of the embedded drawbar, the second material being capable of penetrating into existing spaces between the drawbar. Such a stranded tube is particularly capable of absorbing the forces of the individual wires or strands of the drawbar and also of reducing friction between the individual wires or strands of the drawbar.

A belt of the invention may include mantle and threaded hoses, or all hoses of the hose arrangement may be uniformly formed in the mantle or threaded manner, preferably with at least one drawbar surrounded by a concentric hose.

It is not necessary to arrange a drawbar in each tube of the tube arrangement. Empty tubes may be provided as dummy tubes to produce lifting straps of similar structural construction but different tensile strengths and weights. In particular, uniform belt bodies which can accommodate a uniform number of tubes may be used, with either empty tubes or tubes with a drawbar being arranged.

Conversely, it is not necessary that all the drawbars are arranged in tubes; in addition to drawbars arranged in tubes, other drawbars may be arranged directly in the belt body, which do not require a tube enclosure, for example, because of their larger diameter and therefore larger surface area and lower impact and/or lower loads.

However, it is preferable to assign one train carrier to each tube or one tube to each train carrier.

Two or more tubes of the tube arrangement can be connected to each other via a dock, which positions the drawbars relative to each other, especially when embedded in the belt body during manufacture.

In a belting according to an embodiment of the present invention, a platform is essentially centrally arranged to the tubes connected by it and the drawbars arranged in it, such platforms giving the formations of interconnected tubes and drawbars increased rigidity in the transverse direction, which ensures that the belting extends perfectly straight and does not tend to vibrations even on long, unguided sections of the belt. Other The stairs are also particularly suitable for supporting the tubes or strut-bars connected to them, and the central positioning of the stairs is particularly simple.

Alternatively, a platform may be arranged essentially tangential to the tubes connected by it, and such platforms give the structures of interconnected tubes and train carriers increased rigidity in the transverse direction, so that the lifting strap is perfectly straight and does not tend to vibrations even on long, unguided belt sections.

The scaffolding, which is essentially tangential to the tubes connected by it, can advantageously form at least part of the back of the lifting strap, facing a contact surface for interaction with a drive wheel of the lifting system.

In particular, it may be advantageous to connect all the tubes of the tube arrangement by means of a dock which then essentially forms the back of the lifting strap.

Mixed forms of the two prescribed designs are also possible, in which one part of the tubing is connected to the other by centrifugal and another by tangential joints, so that the advantages of both designs can be realised.

The special advantage of the lifting strap is that it has a contact surface for interaction with a drive wheel of the lifting system, in which at least one, preferably several, wedge-straps extending in the longitudinal direction of the lifting strap are formed.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one wedge strip has a mainly trapezoidal or wedge-shaped cross-section with a side angle of 60° to 120° between its two sides.

The first material for the belt body shall preferably be an elastomer, in particular polyurethane, polychloroprene or ethylene-propylene-diene rubber or a mixture of at least two elastomers. Such an elastomer belt body shall be sufficiently flexible to encircle drive or rolling frames. At the same time, such a material is known to favourably dampen vibrations and shocks in the belting process. At the same time, when interacting with a tread surface of a tread, it will withstand the shear deformation required to transfer the traction creams into the belting process due to its elastic properties.

Since the forces are more uniformly applied through the tube arrangement, a relatively soft secondary material can be chosen for the belt body, the hardness of which at room temperature is preferably less than 90 Shore (A), preferably less than 85 Shore (A) and particularly preferably less than 80 Shore (A).

In order to be able to withstand the relatively high local surface pressure exerted by the load carriers on the casing, the second material is preferably harder than the first material. In an advantageous version, it has a hardness of at least 85 Shore (A) at room temperature, preferably at least 87.5 Shore (A) and especially preferably at least 90 Shore (A).

The second material may include a thermoplastic plastic, in particular polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and/or polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulphide (PPS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyblend and/or a fabric made from such a thermoplastic plastic.

A manufacturing process for a strap after an embodiment of the present invention shall include the following steps: (b) The drawbar body (s) of the drawbar body (s) is (are) arranged in the drawbar body (s) of the drawbar body. This may be done in particular by injecting or entangling the individual drawbars with the second material. The drawbar body (s) may be extruded in the same way, in particular by high pressure extrusion, with the drawbars being inserted into the tubes during or after extrusion. (c) The drawbar body (s) of the drawbar body (s) is (are) made from the first material. This may be done preferably by extruding the first material into the shape of the drawbar body. (d) The drawbar body and the drawbar body may be connected. This may be done, for example, by inserting the drawbar material connected to the second drawbar body of the drawbar body in the drawbars in advance of the extrusion, and a permanent adhesive, in particular a thermal seal, may be placed between them and the drawbar body.

The above steps (a) to (d) do not necessarily have to be performed in this order.

A lift system according to the present invention comprises a lifting cab, a drive with at least one drive wheel and a belt arrangement with at least one lifting belt according to a version of the present invention. It is also useful that the belt arrangement may include several lifting belts according to one or more versions of the present invention, which may be connected, for example, in a coherent, firm or soluble way. This allows a relatively wide belt arrangement to be assembled in situ from several narrow, easier-to-handle belts. At least one drive wheel has a preferred configuration of the contact surface of the lifting belt corresponding to that contact surface, i.e. a profile of the lifting belt that is essentially complementary to this contact surface.

Further tasks, features and benefits are given in the sub-requirements and the examples of implementation described below. Fig. 1a cross-section by a lifting strap after a first embodiment of the present invention;Fig. 2a cross-section by a lifting strap after a second embodiment of the present invention;Fig. 3a cross-section by a lifting strap after a third embodiment of the present invention;Fig. 4a cross-section by a lifting strap after a fourth embodiment of the present invention;Fig. 5a cross-section by a lifting strap after a fifth embodiment of the present invention; andFig. 6a cross-section parallel to a lifting cabin front by a suit after an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a hoisting belt 12 following a first embodiment of the present invention. This hoisting belt comprises a tube arrangement with several individual tubes 15 of a thermoplastic plastic, in the polyamide embodiment. In each of the tubes a drawbar 14 is arranged, the drawbar consisting of a steel wire rope connected by ribbons, which are in turn connected by steel wires.

In the manufacture of the lifting belt 12, the individual drawbars are injected with polyamide, with the spaces between the steel wires also being filled as fully as possible with polyamide. A strap body 13 made of an elastomer, in the case of polyurethane, is then extruded onto the hose arrangement. The individual tubes have a larger cross-section than the drawbars arranged in them. They can therefore be more easily brought together and to the resulting strap body 13 during the extrusion process, in particular to its keel ribs 13.1. To achieve a particularly strong connection between the nozzles and the elastic load of the strap body, the nozzles can be covered with a glue, for example in the form of an adhesive. Other It is particularly advantageous that each wedge 13.1 is provided with two traction carriers 14, so that each traction carrier 14 is provided with a flank of this wedge 13.1 through which a traction force is essentially transferred from a drive wheel to this traction carrier.

In a non-shown variant of the first version, the contact surface formed by the wedge-strips 13.1 is coated with a thin polyamide coating to reduce friction. This may be useful if the lifting strap shows a traction potential that is too high for use in a particular lift.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section by a lifting strap 12 after a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the second version, the two tubes 15 of the tube arrangement, each of which is attached to a wedge strip 13.1, are connected by a platform 15.1, which is centrally placed to the drawbars 14 and the tubes 15 which surround them.

In order to produce the second version of the lifting strap, the pairs of tubes of the tube arrangement are extruded under high pressure, the drawbars 14 being fed into an extrusion nozzle in such a way that in each tube 15 a drawbar 14 is essentially placed in the centre, the second material of the tube 15 being used to fill as fully as possible the spaces between the individual wires of the drawbar 14. In a further step, the drawbar pairs are again fed into an extruder in which the body of the tube 13 is extruded and at the same time the drawbar is inserted into this tube. In this case, the drawbars 15.1 are placed on both sides of the first material of the drawbar.

Figure 3 shows a cross-section by a lifting strap 12 after a third embodiment of the present invention.

In the third version, the steps 15.1, which connect two tubes 15 to a wedge strip 13.1 with the drawbars 14 arranged in each, are arranged tangentially to these tubes 15 and form part of the rear of the belt (see Fig. 3 below).

In this arrangement of the 15.1 platforms, too, they give the interconnected tubes and racks a greater rigidity in the transverse direction, which ensures that the lifting strap extends straightly over long, unguided strap sections and does not tend to vibration.

Figure 4 shows a cross-section by a lifting strap 12 after a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In the fourth version, all the tubes 15 are connected to the drawbars 14 arranged in them by a single step 15.1 which is arranged tangentially to these tubes 15 and essentially forms the back of the drawbar 12 which is designed to be routed by means of a shift wheel. This type of back, which is essentially made of polyamide, is more resistant to abrasion and has a lower friction so that less wear occurs when routed around the back of the drawbar 12 and the energy required to move the drawbar is reduced.

Figure 5 shows a cross-section by a twisting strap 12 after a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

In the fifth version, the two tubes 15 each attached to a wedge are not spaced but touch each other, which comparatively advantageously reduces the distance of the drawbars 14 to the sides of the wedges 13.1, i.e. the distance of a drawbar 14 to its attached side does not change as much between the rib tip and the rib base, which results in a better distribution of the transferred forces in the body of the belt 13.

In order to produce the lifting strap after the fifth version, the traction supports 14 are individually injected with polyamide, preferably filling all spaces between the individual wires of the traction support. Then, each of the two tubes 15 is coated with a thermal adhesive and fed together to the extruder which extrudes the belt body 13. During its extrusion, the tubes 15 of the tube pairs are embedded in the belt body 13 and are connected to both the belt body 13 and each other by the thermal adhesive activated thereby.

Of course, the tubes of the pairs of tubes shown in Figure 5 can also be extruded together and thus be firmly connected in the area of their common contact zone.

Figure 6 shows a diagram of a section of a lifting system with a belt 12 installed in a lift shaft 1 according to one of the designs described above. The lifting system consists of a drive 2 fixed in a lift shaft 1 with a drive wheel 4.1, a lifting cab 3 guided by cab guides 5 with 6 cranks in the form of cab grooves 4.2 mounted below the cab floor, a counterbalance 8 guided by counterbalance 7 rails with a further crankshaft in the form of a counterbalance beam 4.3, and the lifting line 12 for the lifting shaft 3 and the counterbalance 8 which transmits the drive of the drive unit 2's 4.1 to the lifting shaft and counterbalance.

The 12th retractor is attached at one end below the 4.1th drive shaft to a first belt anchorage point 10 from which it extends downwards to the counterweight strap 4.3, encircles it and extends from it to the 4.1th drive shaft, encircles it and runs downwards along the counterweight cab wall, encircles on both sides of the lift shaft each of the 4.2th cab cab cab grooves mounted below the 3th lift shaft by 90° and runs upwards along the second counterweight cab wall 8 to a belt anchorage point 11.

The plane of the drive 4.1 may be at right angles to the counterweight cabin wall and its vertical projection may be outside the vertical projection of the lift cabin 3. It is therefore preferable that the drive 4.1 be of small diameter in order to minimize the distance between the left cabin wall and the opposite wall of the lift shaft 1.

The drive wheel 4.1 and the counterbalance roller 4.3 are fitted with grooves at their periphery corresponding to the grooves 13.1 of the lifting belt 12; where the lifting belt 12 encircles one of the drive or rolling wheels 4.1 or 4.3, the ribs placed on its contact surface are in corresponding grooves of the drive or rolling wheel, thus ensuring excellent guidance of the lifting belt on these wheels; in addition, the wedge pulling effect between the grooves of the drive wheel 4.1 and the ribs of the lifting belt 12 improves traction.

In the lifting system shown in Figure 6, the rolling coils 4.2 serving as cabin centre rolls are rotated below the lifting cabin 3 so that the contact side of the lifting belt 12 with the wedge-ribbed straps is deflected from the periphery of the rolling coils 4.2, with the back of the lifting belt attached to the rolling coils 4.2, which, as described above, has a low coefficient of friction with respect to the rolling coils 4.2. To ensure the lateral guidance of the lifting belt in this area, two additional rolling coils 4.4 with wedge-ribbed straps are fitted to the cabin floor 6 and their backs are connected to the rolling coils of the lifting belt 12 as a guide.

Claims (13)

1. Elevator belt (12) comprising:

   a belt body (13) made of a first material; and

   a tension member arrangement which has at least one tension member (14) and is arranged in the belt body;

   the tension member (14) of the tension member arrangement consisting of a wire cable or a synthetic fiber cable which is composed of single-stranded or multi-stranded wires or wire strands or of single-stranded or multi-stranded synthetic fiber yarns or synthetic fiber strands, respectively, and

   the belt further comprising a tube arrangement made of a second material that has at least one tube (15) embedded in the belt body (13), at least one tension member (14) of the tension member arrangement being arranged in a tube of the tube arrangement,

   characterized in that one or more tension members (14) of the tension member arrangement are each embedded in a strand-like tube (15) of the tube arrangement, on the inner side of which tube the second material which forms the strand-like tube (13) is interlockingly connected to the surface structure of the embedded tension member (14), the second material also being able to penetrate into present intermediate spaces of the tension member (14), such that the second material of the tube (15) fills the intermediate spaces present between the individual wires of the tension member (14) as completely as possible.
2. Elevator belt according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of, preferably all of, the tension members (14) of the tension member arrangement are each arranged in a tube (15) of the tube arrangement.
3. Elevator belt according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tension member (14) is enclosed by a substantially concentric tube (15).
4. Elevator belt according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one tube of the tube arrangement encloses a tension member of the tension member arrangement in a sheath-like manner.
5. Elevator belt according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that two or more tubes (15) of the tube arrangement are connected to one another in each case by a web (15.1).
6. Elevator belt according to claim 5, characterized in that a web (15.1) is arranged substantially centrally with respect to the tubes (15) connected by said web and/or the tension members (14) arranged in said tubes.
7. Elevator belt according to claim 5, characterized in that a web (15.1) is arranged substantially tangentially with respect to the tubes (15) connected by said web.
8. Elevator belt according to claim 7, characterized in that a web (15.1) arranged substantially tangentially with respect to the tubes (15) connected by said web at least partially forms a rear side of the elevator belt (12), which rear side faces a contact surface for interaction with a drive wheel (4.1) of the elevator system.
9. Elevator belt according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the belt body (13) has a contact surface for interaction with a drive wheel (4.1) of the elevator system, in which contact surface at least one wedge rib (13.1) is formed.
10. Elevator belt according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first material comprises an elastomer, in particular polyurethane (PU), polychloroprene (CR) and/or ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM).
11. Elevator belt according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second material comprises a thermoplastic material, in particular polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and/or polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyblend and/or a woven fabric made of a thermoplastic material of this kind.
12. Elevator belt according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tension member of the tension member arrangement is designed as a single wire or is composed of single-stranded or multi-stranded wires, the individual wires being produced from steel and/or plastics material.
13. Elevator system comprising an elevator cabin (3), a drive (2) having a drive wheel (4.1), and a belt arrangement having at least one elevator belt (12) according to any of claims 1 to 12.