GB989617A - An improved method and apparatus for the analysis of emulsions and suspensions - Google Patents
An improved method and apparatus for the analysis of emulsions and suspensionsInfo
- Publication number
- GB989617A GB989617A GB330861A GB330861A GB989617A GB 989617 A GB989617 A GB 989617A GB 330861 A GB330861 A GB 330861A GB 330861 A GB330861 A GB 330861A GB 989617 A GB989617 A GB 989617A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- absorption
- infra
- milk
- red
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 abstract 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 abstract 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
- G01N21/534—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke by measuring transmission alone, i.e. determining opacity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3577—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing liquids, e.g. polluted water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/02—Food
- G01N33/04—Dairy products
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
989, 617. Infra-red analysis. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Jan. 17, 1962 [Jan. 27, 1961; June 22, 1961], Nos. 3308/61 and 22692/61. Heading G1A. The invention relates to an infra-red absorption method of estimating the amount of a substance suspended in an emulsion or suspension and is described with particular reference to the determination of the fat content of milk. An extension of the method enables the protein and lactose content of milk to be determined also. The method depends on making the particle size of substantially all of the disperse phase sufficiently small for the scattering effect to be small relative to the absorption effect. It is suggested that the particle size should be reduced by known methods of homogenisation to a point where the mean particle diameter is not greater than one third of the wavelength of the investigating infra-red radiation. Use of a suitable peak absorption wavelength for the substance under investigation then enables the amount present to be determined by transmissivity measurement. In the case of milk the aqueous medium is partially transparent to infrared radiation in the ranges 3.5 to 5.8 Á and 6.5 to 10.5 Á but its absorption is such as to make it desirable to restrict the radiation path length in the milk to the range 10 to 100 Á Milk shows absorption bonds at 5. 8, 6.5 and 9.6 Á due to the fat, protein, and lactose constituents respectively; there are also interaction coefficients due to the amount of the two of these not being directly investigated because they displace water molecules and differ in absorption therefrom. Apparatus suitable for carrying out the method is briefly described and comprises a standard double beam infra-red spectrometer having cells with calcium fluoride windows and a path-length of 54 Á The sample is passed through the homogeniser 1 to the sample cell 2 and the cell 3 contains dispersion medium only. Infra-red radiation passes through the cells to monochromator 5 which directs the peak-absorption wavelength bands of the respective components of the disperse phase to appropriately placed devices 6, 7, 8 giving an indication or record of the amount of each present.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB330861A GB989617A (en) | 1961-01-27 | 1961-01-27 | An improved method and apparatus for the analysis of emulsions and suspensions |
| US166342A US3161768A (en) | 1961-01-27 | 1962-01-15 | Method and apparatus for the analysis of emulsions and suspensions |
| DEN21121A DE1297896B (en) | 1961-01-27 | 1962-01-26 | Method for the quantitative determination of fat in homogenized milk |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB330861A GB989617A (en) | 1961-01-27 | 1961-01-27 | An improved method and apparatus for the analysis of emulsions and suspensions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB989617A true GB989617A (en) | 1965-04-22 |
Family
ID=9755868
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB330861A Expired GB989617A (en) | 1961-01-27 | 1961-01-27 | An improved method and apparatus for the analysis of emulsions and suspensions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB989617A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2194957A1 (en) * | 1972-08-04 | 1974-03-01 | Howard Grubb Parsons Et Cy Ltd | |
| FR2320537A1 (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1977-03-04 | Grubb Parsons Cy Ltd Sir Howar | IMPROVEMENTS TO THE ANALYSIS OF EMULSIONS AND SUSPENSIONS |
| EP0012492A1 (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1980-06-25 | A/S N. Foss Electric | Method for quantitatively determining fat in a fat-containing sample |
| WO1981002467A1 (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1981-09-03 | Foss Electric As N | A method for quantitatively determining components in a sample |
| EP0404207A2 (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1990-12-27 | Shields Instruments Limited | Infrared spectrophotometric method |
-
1961
- 1961-01-27 GB GB330861A patent/GB989617A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2194957A1 (en) * | 1972-08-04 | 1974-03-01 | Howard Grubb Parsons Et Cy Ltd | |
| US3839633A (en) * | 1972-08-04 | 1974-10-01 | Parsons & Co Sir Howard G | Analysis of emulsions and suspensions |
| FR2320537A1 (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1977-03-04 | Grubb Parsons Cy Ltd Sir Howar | IMPROVEMENTS TO THE ANALYSIS OF EMULSIONS AND SUSPENSIONS |
| EP0012492A1 (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1980-06-25 | A/S N. Foss Electric | Method for quantitatively determining fat in a fat-containing sample |
| US4247773A (en) | 1978-12-06 | 1981-01-27 | A/S N. Foss Electric | Method for quantitatively determining fat in a fat-containing sample |
| WO1981002467A1 (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1981-09-03 | Foss Electric As N | A method for quantitatively determining components in a sample |
| EP0404207A2 (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1990-12-27 | Shields Instruments Limited | Infrared spectrophotometric method |
| EP0404207A3 (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1992-02-05 | Shields Instruments Limited | Infrared spectrophotometric method |
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