GB978096A - Polyurethane plastics - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for the preparation of a flame resistant polyurethane comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic compound containing at least two active hydrogen containing groups as determined by the Zerenwitinoff method (the groups being reactive towards an isocyanate group), at least one of the components being mixed with a chlorinated or brominated unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, containing at least 10 carbon atoms in the molecule. The unsaturated acids which may be brominated or chlorinated may be for example, delta-9-decylenic, stillingic, delta-9-dodecylenic, palmitoleic, oleic, ricinoleic, petroselinic, raccenic, linoleic, linolenic, eleostearic, licanic, parinaric, gadoleic, arachidonic, cetoleic erucic, nervonic, abietic, laevopimaric, d-pimaric, neoabietic and dihydroabietic acids or mixtures thereof such as tall oil. Many polyisocyanates are specified including blocked polyisocyanates, for example, with phenol. The active hydrogen containing compounds may be monomeric such as the alkane, alkene and alkyne diols, triols and tetrols (including those which normally exist in a tautomeric form); alkane, alkene and alkyne polythiols; aromatic aliphatic and heterocyclic polyamines; amino-alcohols; other compounds containing more than one group chosen from -SM, -OM and -NH2 groups; such compounds containing substituents or groups such as halogen atoms, nitro, alkoxy, carboalkoxy, dialkylamino, mercapto, carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, phosphonyl and phosphate groups; and mixtures of such compounds: many such compounds are specified. Polymeric active hydrogen containing compounds may also be used such as polyesters, polyhydric polyalkylene ethers, polyhydric polythioethers, and polyesteramides: many starting materials for the preparation of such polymers are specified. In the preparation of foams blowing agents such as water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air, argon, halogenohydrocarbons, hydrocarbons or ethers may be added together with emulsifiers such as sulphonated castor oil and foam stabilizers such as polysiloxanes and alkylsilane-polyoxyalkylene or siloxane-polyoxyalkylene block copolymers, if desired, Catalysts such as tertiary amines, molybdenum glycolate, stannous chloride and organotin compounds may also be present. The polyisocyanate may be used in the form of a prepolymer made by reaction with part of the active hydrogen containing compound. The products may be reacted with cross-linking agents such as a polyamine, polyol, water or further polyisocyanate. The reaction may be performed in an inert solvent. Pigments such as iron oxide, carbon black, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, chrome green or lithol red may be added. The products may be mouldings, castings, coatings, caulks, sealants, putties, adhesives, foams, sound or thermal insulating materials, gaskets, the potting of electrical components, bushings or the moulding of the counter portion of shoes.ALSO:Wood and steel are coated with a polyurethane-forming solution in 2-ethoxyethyl acetate of an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, N,N,N1,N1-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylene-diamine and chlorinated tall oil. The prepolymer is a reaction product of a mixture of 2,4-toluylene and 2,6-toluylene di-isocyanates, polypropylene ether glycol, and a trihydric polypropylene ether which is the reaction product of glycerine and propylene oxide.