GB956729A - Microwave mixers - Google Patents
Microwave mixersInfo
- Publication number
- GB956729A GB956729A GB5514/62A GB551462A GB956729A GB 956729 A GB956729 A GB 956729A GB 5514/62 A GB5514/62 A GB 5514/62A GB 551462 A GB551462 A GB 551462A GB 956729 A GB956729 A GB 956729A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- signal
- post
- crystal diodes
- diodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
- H03D9/00—Demodulation or transference of modulation of modulated electromagnetic waves
- H03D9/06—Transference of modulation using distributed inductance and capacitance
- H03D9/0608—Transference of modulation using distributed inductance and capacitance by means of diodes
- H03D9/0616—Transference of modulation using distributed inductance and capacitance by means of diodes mounted in a hollow waveguide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
- H03D9/00—Demodulation or transference of modulation of modulated electromagnetic waves
- H03D9/06—Transference of modulation using distributed inductance and capacitance
- H03D9/0608—Transference of modulation using distributed inductance and capacitance by means of diodes
- H03D9/0625—Transference of modulation using distributed inductance and capacitance by means of diodes mounted in a coaxial resonator structure
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
956,729. Frequency changing arrangements; amplitude modulation systems. VARIAN ASSOCIATES. Feb. 13, 1962 [Feb. 16, 1961], No. 5514/62. Headings H3B, H3F and H4L. The invention relates to a frequency-changing arrangement in which a vertically polarized signal is applied via a waveguide 2, Fig. 1, and horizontally polarized local oscillations via a waveguide 3, to a common waveguide 1 supporting dominant modes of both waves in orthogonal relationship. Mixing is performed by means of crystal diodes 4, 5 connected in series in a vertical direction across the waveguide 1, the beat at intermediate frequency being taken out over an output post 6 extending horizontally across the waveguide 1. The local oscillations are perturbed by the post 6 in such a manner that the electric field thereof couples into the crystal diodes in opposite directions, whereas the signal component is not perturbed and couples in the same direction. In such an arrangement the crystal diodes lie in the same direction. In such an arrangement the crystal diodes lie in the polarization direction of the signal wave and present a capacitive loading thereto which lowers the cut-off frequency of higher order modes, degrading the coupling of signal energy to the diodes at the high end of the band of frequencies which may be propagated by the signal waveguide 2. In accordance with the invention, this is overcome by making the width a<SP>1</SP> of the mixer waveguide 1 substantially less than that a of the signal waveguide 2. The crystal diodes 4, 5 are positioned midway of the width a<SP>1</SP> of the mixer a<SP>1</SP> of the mixer waveguide, the local oscillator waveguide 3 being positioned off-centre so as to increase the perturbing effect of the post 6 on the local oscillations. The signal waveguide 2 is also placed off-centre to conserve space. In a construction, the mixer waveguide 1, Figs. 2, 3, is preferably oblong in the direction of the crystal diodes 4, 5 and is recessed in a rectangular metallic block 1<SP>1</SP> which is provided with flange plates 10, 11 for mating to the signal and oscillator waveguides respectively. The crystal diodes 4, 5 are seated in removable caps 12 threaded through the top and bottom walls and are held in contacting relation at their inner terminals by a connector 13 to which is connected the output post 6. Post 6 extends through an insulating low-pass choke 6<SP>1</SP> in the waveguide wall to form the inner conductor of a coaxial I.F. connector 6<SP>11</SP>. Each cap 12 is provided with a filter network by-passing A.C. to the block 1<SP>1</SP> so that the direct current in the crystals can be monitored at the lugs 14. A thin horizontally-extending rectangular iris 21 in the signal waveguide flange 10, centred with respect to the crystal diodes 4, 5 improves the signal V.S.W.R., while a thin vertically extended bifurcated iris 22 in the local oscillator flange 11, centred with respect to the local oscillator waveguide 11<SP>1</SP> also aids in improving the nose figure. The roles of the various terminals can be reversed, e.g. the signal and local oscillator inputs could be reversed, or the arrangement operated as a side-band modulator by using the post 6 as input for the modulating signal and the opposite waveguide connections for carrier input and modulated output, respectively. It may also be operated as a parametric amplifier by using voltage-controlled diode capacitors instead of rectifiers. Further, a waveguide mode of desired polarization may be established by means of a coaxial probe rather than a single waveguide. Specification 956,728 is referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US89803A US3071729A (en) | 1961-02-16 | 1961-02-16 | Microwave mixer for mutually orthogonal waveguide modes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB956729A true GB956729A (en) | 1964-04-29 |
Family
ID=22219653
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB5514/62A Expired GB956729A (en) | 1961-02-16 | 1962-02-13 | Microwave mixers |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3071729A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1234277B (en) |
GB (1) | GB956729A (en) |
NL (1) | NL274617A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3212018A (en) * | 1961-12-28 | 1965-10-12 | Sperry Rand Corp | Waveguide parametric amplifier employing variable reactance device and thin septa iris to resonate fixed reactance of the device |
US3214712A (en) * | 1962-09-13 | 1965-10-26 | Varian Associates | Waveguide hybrid junctions with perpendicularly disposed, overlapping waveguide sections forming cruciform matching section |
US3281647A (en) * | 1962-10-01 | 1966-10-25 | Microwave Ass | Frequency multiplier utilizing two diodes in series opposition across the wide wallsof a waveguide |
US3584306A (en) * | 1967-09-18 | 1971-06-08 | George Ctirad Spacek | High frequency converter |
US3633110A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1972-01-04 | Nasa | Waveguide mixer |
US4480336A (en) * | 1982-09-20 | 1984-10-30 | General Dynamics, Pomona Division | Orthogonal hybrid fin-line mixer |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2514679A (en) * | 1944-06-16 | 1950-07-11 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Wave transmission |
US2761061A (en) * | 1952-01-25 | 1956-08-28 | Gen Electric | Broadband balanced mixer |
US2806138A (en) * | 1953-04-29 | 1957-09-10 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Wave guide frequency converter |
US2813972A (en) * | 1954-10-06 | 1957-11-19 | Airtron Inc | Microwave mixer |
FR1241829A (en) * | 1959-08-12 | 1960-09-23 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Further training in frequency converters |
-
0
- NL NL274617D patent/NL274617A/xx unknown
-
1961
- 1961-02-16 US US89803A patent/US3071729A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1962
- 1962-02-07 DE DEV22007A patent/DE1234277B/en active Pending
- 1962-02-13 GB GB5514/62A patent/GB956729A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL274617A (en) | |
US3071729A (en) | 1963-01-01 |
DE1234277B (en) | 1967-02-16 |
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