GB946219A - Method and apparatus for furnishing microwave energy - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for furnishing microwave energyInfo
- Publication number
- GB946219A GB946219A GB285660A GB285660A GB946219A GB 946219 A GB946219 A GB 946219A GB 285660 A GB285660 A GB 285660A GB 285660 A GB285660 A GB 285660A GB 946219 A GB946219 A GB 946219A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- cavity
- electrons
- limb
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 abstract 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/26—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using energy levels of molecules, atoms, or subatomic particles as a frequency reference
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S1/00—Masers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range
- H01S1/06—Gaseous, i.e. beam masers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03C—MODULATION
- H03C3/00—Angle modulation
- H03C3/36—Angle modulation by means of light-sensitive element
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
Abstract
946,219. Masers. TAVKOZLESI KUTATO INTEZET. Jan. 26, 1960, No. 2856/60. Heading H3B. Polarized light, which may be visible, ultraviolet or infra-red is used for pumping in a maser. The maser is used for the generation, amplification or frequency modulation of microwaves. The energy levels of the working substance are slit by a magnetic field. In the embodiment described, the Lyman-α line of the hydrogen spectrum is used to pump electrons of atomic hydrogen to the energy level 2<SP>2</SP>P3/2, m=¢, Fig. 5. A resonant cavity in which the hydrogen is irradiated is tuned to the frequency (9000 mc/s.) generated when the electrons fall back to another level 2<SP>2</SP>S1/2, m=¢ in a field of 2000 gauss. The transit of electrons may be stimulated by a microwave of 9000 mc/s. which is thereby amplified. The maser may generate a continuous output stimulated initially by a random oscillation of 9000 mc/s. The magnetic field can be varied to modulate the frequency of the output. Apparatus.-Hydrogen at a pressure of 10 mm. of mercury is circulated in a glass tube 17 of approximately rectangular configuration. The circulation is induced by a cooling jacket 22. Electrons emitted by a thermionic cathode 19 are attracted by an anode 18 in the form of a grid at a potential of from 8 to 11.5 volts above the cathode. The energy gained by the electrons is sufficient to dissociate the molecular hydrogen which they encounter. Atomic hydrogen flows through the cavity 10 in a metal body 11. A constriction 21 in the glass tubing increases the speed of flow. Within the cavity 10 a T-junction is formed in the glass tube 17, the " pumping " light being transmitted down the main limb 23 of the T containing hydrogen at 10<SP>-4</SP> mm. Hg. A hydrogen discharge tube 28 directs light on to a polarizing mirror 31 of lithium fluoride at an angle of incidence of 63Œ 1 degrees. This angle is chosen so that the light in the Lyman-α line is plane polarized and directed along the limb 23 into the cavity 10. The limb 23 is sealed off from the cavity 10 and from the discharge tube 28 by lithium fluoride windows 29, 30 which transmit the Lyman-α line. Probes 26, 27 serve as input and output terminals for the signal to be amplified and the amplified signal. A Fresnel rhomb 42 of lithium fluoride may be fitted in the limb 23 if circularly polarized light is required.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DET17403A DE1125012B (en) | 1959-10-29 | 1959-10-29 | Arrangement for excitation, amplification and frequency modulation of microwaves |
| US602A US3210673A (en) | 1960-01-05 | 1960-01-05 | Hydrogen maser for generating, amplifying and/or frequency modulating microwave energy |
| GB285660A GB946219A (en) | 1960-01-26 | 1960-01-26 | Method and apparatus for furnishing microwave energy |
| FR817103A FR1255534A (en) | 1960-01-26 | 1960-01-29 | Process for producing energy in the form of microwaves, in particular for excitation, amplification or frequency modulation of microwaves |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB285660A GB946219A (en) | 1960-01-26 | 1960-01-26 | Method and apparatus for furnishing microwave energy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB946219A true GB946219A (en) | 1964-01-08 |
Family
ID=9747261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB285660A Expired GB946219A (en) | 1959-10-29 | 1960-01-26 | Method and apparatus for furnishing microwave energy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB946219A (en) |
-
1960
- 1960-01-26 GB GB285660A patent/GB946219A/en not_active Expired
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