GB931150A - A process for the two-fold encapsulation of hydrophilic material by phase separation - Google Patents

A process for the two-fold encapsulation of hydrophilic material by phase separation

Info

Publication number
GB931150A
GB931150A GB36637/59A GB3663759A GB931150A GB 931150 A GB931150 A GB 931150A GB 36637/59 A GB36637/59 A GB 36637/59A GB 3663759 A GB3663759 A GB 3663759A GB 931150 A GB931150 A GB 931150A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
coat
hydrophilic
phase separation
polymers
coated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB36637/59A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pharmacia and Upjohn Co
Original Assignee
Upjohn Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Upjohn Co filed Critical Upjohn Co
Publication of GB931150A publication Critical patent/GB931150A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
    • B01J13/10—Complex coacervation, i.e. interaction of oppositely charged particles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
    • A01N25/28—Microcapsules or nanocapsules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/28—Compounds containing heavy metals
    • A61K31/295—Iron group metal compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A61K33/26—Iron; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5089—Processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
    • B01J13/08—Simple coacervation, i.e. addition of highly hydrophilic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2984—Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2984—Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
    • Y10T428/2985—Solid-walled microcapsule from synthetic polymer
    • Y10T428/2987—Addition polymer from unsaturated monomers only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2989—Microcapsule with solid core [includes liposome]

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)

Abstract

Particles ??? solid, hydrophilic material are coated firstly by phase separation of a material presenting a lipophilic surface from a non-aqueous medium and subsequently adding a second coating by phase separation of a material presenting a hydrophilic surface from an aqueous medium. Suitable materials for the first coat are linear macromolecular synthetic polymers whose structure comprises both lipophilic and hydrophilic units, e.g. hydrolysed styrene-maleic acid copolymers; polyamides, polybasic polymers, e.g. deacetylated chitin, polyvinyl pyridine, polymeric ammonium salts and derivitives of naturally occurring polymers, e.g. ethyl and benzyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, di- and tri-nitrocellulose, carbohydrate acetate phthalates and phospholipids, e.g. lecithins. The second coating may comprise gelatin, alginates, pectins or casein, two or more hydrophilic colloids at least one of which is gelable and at least one of which is opposite in charge from the others of the system and linear macromolecular synthetic polymers of the types referred to above. For the first coat, phase separation may be achieved by addition to a suspension of the material to be coated in a solution of the coating material of a miscible liquid which is a non-solvent for the coating material. For the second coat, it may be achieved by addition of an electrolyte, of a liquid having a low solubility for the colloid or by adjustment of the pH. Either or both coats may be hardened by chemical or physical means and the product may be washed and dried. Specific examples include amaranth coated firstly with cellulose acetate butyrate and secondly with gelatin and dibasic calcium phosphate coated firstly with cellulose acetobutyrate and secondly with gelatin. Specifications 751,600, 929,225, 929,226 and 931,148 are referred to.ALSO:Particles of dicalcium phosphate are coated firstly with cellulose acetobutyrate and subsequently with gelatin by a two-stage phase separation process firstly from non-aqueous media and secondly from aqueous media (see Group VI) to give a material useful as a slow release fertilizer. Specifications 751,600, 929,225, 929,226 and 931,148 are referred to.ALSO:Particles of liquid or solid hydrophilic material are coated firstly by phase separation of a material presenting a lipophilic surface from a non-aqueous medium and subsequently adding a second coating by phase separation of a material presenting a hydrophilic surface from an aqueous medium. Suitable materials for the first (pre-) coat are synthetic polymers, e.g. linear macromolecular polymers whose structure comprises both lipophilic units, e.g. those derived from styrene or ethylene and derivatives thereof and hydrophilic units, e.g. those derived from unsaturated acids or amides. Preferred polymers of this class are the hydrolysed styrenemaleic anhydride copolymers which may include minor amounts of other polymer units and may be represented by the general formula [-R-R1-]n, wherein R represents lipophilic polymer units of which more than 70% are styrene residues and R1 represents hydrophilic polymers of which more than 50% (preferably more than 70%) are maleic acid residues and n is an integer from about 90 to 1000. Other suitable polymers include polyamides, polybasic polymers, e.g. deacetylated chitin, polyvinyl pyridine, polymeric quaternary ammonium salts and derivatives of naturally occurring polymers, e.g. ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, di- and tri-nitrocellulose, and carbohydrate acetate phthalates and phospholipids, e.g. lecithins. The second coating may comprise a gelable hydrophilic colloid, e.g. gelatine, alginates, pectins or casein; at least two hydrophilic colloids, at least one of which is gelable and at least one of which is opposite in charge from the others of the system; or a synthetic linear macromolecular polymer of the general type referred to above. For the first coat, phase separation may be achieved by the addition, to a dispersion of the material to be coated in the polymer solution, of a liquid which is miscible with the polymer-solvent and which is a non-solvent for the polymer and the dispersed material. For the second coat, phase separation may be by addition of an electrolyte, of a liquid having a low solubility for the colloid or by the adjustment of pH. Either or both coats may be hardened by either chemical methods, e.g. treatment with formaldehyde, alums, tannic acid &c. or by physical means, e.g. desiccation or irradiation, and the final product may be washed and dried. Specific examples include: (a) sodium (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetate with a benzyl cellulose pre-coat and an outer coating of gelatine (slow release weed-killer), (b) ascorbic acid with an ethyl cellulose pre-coat and an outer coat of styrene-maleic acid copolymer (suitable for suspension in aqueous vitamin preparations including those containing cyanocobalamin), (c) pancreatin with a styrenemaleic acid copolymer pre-coat and a gelatine/acacia coat (enteric medicament), and (d) methylscopolamine hydrobromide pre-coated with cellulose acetate butyrate and coated with styrene-maleic acid copolymer. Specifications 751,600, 929,225, 929,226 and 931,148 are referred to.
GB36637/59A 1958-12-22 1959-10-28 A process for the two-fold encapsulation of hydrophilic material by phase separation Expired GB931150A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US781917A US3242051A (en) 1958-12-22 1958-12-22 Coating by phase separation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB931150A true GB931150A (en) 1963-07-10

Family

ID=25124366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB36637/59A Expired GB931150A (en) 1958-12-22 1959-10-28 A process for the two-fold encapsulation of hydrophilic material by phase separation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3242051A (en)
CH (1) CH396847A (en)
DE (1) DE1185155B (en)
GB (1) GB931150A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2170104A (en) * 1985-01-30 1986-07-30 Warner Lambert Co Coated pharmaceutical dosage forms
US5151264A (en) * 1988-05-27 1992-09-29 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Particulate vector useful in particular for the transport of molecules with biological activity and process for its preparation
US5206156A (en) * 1989-05-12 1993-04-27 Bio Serae Laboratoires Sa Process for the preparation of a particulate antimicrobial product, antimicrobial product obtained and applications thereof
US9364422B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2016-06-14 Avon Products, Inc Styrene maleic anhydride polymers in cosmetics and personal care products

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US4107288A (en) * 1974-09-18 1978-08-15 Pharmaceutical Society Of Victoria Injectable compositions, nanoparticles useful therein, and process of manufacturing same
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US4110511A (en) * 1977-05-25 1978-08-29 The Mead Corporation Process for the production of a pressure-sensitive carbonless copy sheet using microcapsules formed in situ in a radiation curable binder
US4230495A (en) * 1979-02-26 1980-10-28 The Mead Corporation Process for producing a pressure-sensitive carbonless copy sheet using microcapsules formed in situ in a radiation curable binder
USRE32079E (en) * 1979-06-28 1986-02-04 State Of Oregon, By And Through The Oregon State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University Method and starter compositions for the growth of acid producing bacteria and bacterial compositions produced thereby
US4282255A (en) * 1979-06-28 1981-08-04 State Of Oregon, By And Through The Oregon State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University Method and starter compositions for the growth of acid producing bacteria and bacterial compositions produced thereby
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2170104A (en) * 1985-01-30 1986-07-30 Warner Lambert Co Coated pharmaceutical dosage forms
US5151264A (en) * 1988-05-27 1992-09-29 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Particulate vector useful in particular for the transport of molecules with biological activity and process for its preparation
US5206156A (en) * 1989-05-12 1993-04-27 Bio Serae Laboratoires Sa Process for the preparation of a particulate antimicrobial product, antimicrobial product obtained and applications thereof
US9364422B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2016-06-14 Avon Products, Inc Styrene maleic anhydride polymers in cosmetics and personal care products

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1185155B (en) 1965-01-14
CH396847A (en) 1965-08-15
US3242051A (en) 1966-03-22

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