GB912489A - Process for dry cleaning - Google Patents

Abstract

Dry-cleaning compositions comprise (a) a solvent, suitably perchlorethylene or Stoddard solvent, and (b) a substance represented by the formula <FORM:0912489/III/1> in which R1COOH is a fatty acid in which R1 has 12-18 carbon atoms and is saturated or unsaturated, and which has a titre not above 42 DEG C.; R2 is a C1-3-hydroxyalkyl group and R3 and R4 are of the same character or are hydrogen; S is a sulphonic acid, particularly a C12-20-alkylaryl sulphonic acid, or a sulphuric acid ester of a fatty alcohol, or a sulphated unsaturated fatty acid or an ester thereof; y is 1,3-3,8 x, but at least half of the alkanolamine present must be condensed with the fatty acid, and z is the molar quantity of acid S necessary to obtain a neutral product. Additive (b) is usually present to the extent of 0,5-2,5% by volume, and 0,3-1 oz. of water per lb. of fabric being cleaned is also preferably dispersed in the solvent; a favoured additive (b) is that obtained by condensing oleic acid with diethanolamine and neutralizing the product with dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid. U.S.A. Specifications 1,911,289, 2,024,981, 2,158,614, 2,471,667 and 2,599,391 are referred to.ALSO:Substances which are probably alkanolamide-alkanolamine salt mixtures and which are derived from reactants in the ratio represented by the formula <FORM:0912489/IV (b)/1> are obtained by condensing saturated or unsaturated fatty acid R1COOH (R1 being C12-18) with alkanolamine NR2R3R4 (R2 being a C1-3-hydroxyalkyl group, and R3 and R4 being groups of the same type or hydrogen) in such molar proportions that y is 1.3-3.8 x and in such a manner that at least half the alkanolamine present is actually condensed with the fatty acid, z being the molar quantity of S, which is a sulphonic acid, a sulphuric acid ester of a fatty alcohol or a sulphated unsaturated fatty acid or an ester thereof, which is then added to the condensate mixture to obtain a neutral product. In Examples (1) and (6) one mole of oleic acid is condensed with 1.8 moles diethanolamine and the product neutralized with 0.7 and 0.8 moles dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid respectively; (4) 0.67 moles of diethanolamine are condensed with 0.22 moles oleic acid in the presence of toluene, and the product neutralized with a mixture of 0.16 moles diethanolamine, 0.6 moles dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid, water and toluene; (5) 0.55 moles triethanolamine are condensed with 0.5 moles oleic acid in presence of toluene and the product neutralized with the reaction mixture of 0.35 moles triethanolamine and 0.4 moles of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid in water; (7) the condensate of Example 6 is neutralized (a) with tridecylbenzene sulphonic acid and (b) with nonylbenzene sulphonic acid; and (8) the condensate of Example 6 is neutralized with petroleum sulphonic acid.ALSO:Dry-cleaning compositions which impart a soft hand and antistatic properties to textiles cleaned therewith comprise (a) a solvent such as perchlorethylene or Stoddard solvent, and (b) a substance represented by the formula <FORM:0912489/IV (b)/1> in which R1COOH is a C12-18 saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having a titre not above 42 DEG C.; R2 is a C1-3 hydroxyalkyl group and R3 and R4 are groups of the same type or hydrogen; S is a sulphonic acid, particularly a C12-20-alkylarylsulphonic acid, a sulphuric acid ester of a fatty alcohol, or a sulphated unsaturated fatty acid or an ester thereof; y is 1.3-3.8x, but at least half of the alkanolamine present must be condensed with the fatty acid, and z is the molar quantity of acid S necessary to obtain a neutral product. Additive (b) is normally present to the extent of 0.5-2.5% by volume, and 0.3-1 oz. of water per lb. of fabric being cleaned is usually dispersed in the solvent. A favoured additive (b) is that obtained by condensing oleic acid with diethanolamine and neutralizing the product with dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid. U.S.A. Specifications 1,991,289, 2,024,981, 2,158,614, 2,471,667 and 2,599,391 are referred to.