GB852731A - Electrode structures for kaolin melting - Google Patents
Electrode structures for kaolin meltingInfo
- Publication number
- GB852731A GB852731A GB33874/56A GB3387456A GB852731A GB 852731 A GB852731 A GB 852731A GB 33874/56 A GB33874/56 A GB 33874/56A GB 3387456 A GB3387456 A GB 3387456A GB 852731 A GB852731 A GB 852731A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- kaolin
- furnace
- electrodes
- tube
- welded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/167—Means for preventing damage to equipment, e.g. by molten glass, hot gases, batches
- C03B5/1672—Use of materials therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
- C03B5/0275—Shaft furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/008—Continuous casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
- F27B2014/068—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat with the use of an electrode producing a current in the melt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/0837—Cooling arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
- F27M2001/03—Charges containing minerals
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
852,731. Electric furnaces. BABCOCK & WILCOX CO. Nov. 6, 1956 [Nov. 21, 1955], No. 33874/56. Class 39(3). An electric furnace for melting refractory material e.g. kaolin by passing current therethrough between electrodes 30, Fig. 1, extending through a refractory lining of a metal casing 15 of the furnace, the electrodes comprise steel bars 25 with internal cooling passages 36, Fig. 3, for water and an end tip or plate 40 of refractory metal such as molybdenum tungsten or tantalum welded to the end of the bar 35 to conduct current into the kaolin, each plate being thinner and wider than any cross-sectional dimension of the supporting bar and in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the bar. To prevent high current densities at the edge of the end plate 40 rods 42 of the same metal but of greater diameter than the thickness of the plate are welded to its edges. The plate 40 is welded to a channel seat 43 welded to the end of the bar 35 spaced channels being closed by welded plates 37 and water inlet and outlet pipes 39 being attached where shown. The electrodes are enclosed for most of their lengths by refractory bricks 25 shaped as shown, are mounted in vertical slots in the metal casing 15 and are radially adjustable by levers 31, Fig. 1. The steel bars 35 carry at their outer ends insulating straps 45 bolted to a bar 46 bolted to a metal yoke 47 carrying a pin 33 for pivoting the lever 31. A cable is connected to the outer part of the bar 35. Kaolin is fed from a hopper 14 to well above the electrodes 30, which are moved inwardly to start the heating and moved radially outwards as a pool of molten kaolin is formed and when the pool is large, a tapping nozzle assembly 50 is pushed up through a central aperture in the base of the furnace into the pool. The nozzle is then heated by connecting it in circuit as an electrode, and the molten kaolin withdrawn therethrough is blown by an external air blast into fibres. The nozzle is of tantalium, tungsten or molybdenum and comprises a sleeve 81, Fig. 7, formed with a cone 83 having a flattened apex with a central aperture with an integral outlet opening 85. The nozzle sleeve 81 fits over guide sleeve 65 of alumina resting on an internal ledge on a steel support tube 60 carrying outer radial studs 74 extending through vertical slots 53 in a guide sleeve 55 below the aperture 18 in the furnace base so that the nozzle assembly may be moved vertically by the studs 74. The lower end of the tube 60 is welded to a flange 61 and metal is removed from the outer surface of the tube between its ends to form a circumferential recess 62 enclosed by a tube 66 forming the inner wall of a water cooling jacket 75 with a water inlet 58 and outlet 73. Helium is supplied by a pipe 56 to pass up through the circumferential recess 62 and passes through slots 64 cut in the outer side of the top end of the tube 60 into the space between the sleeve 65 and tube 81 and down through the tube 60 so as to remove air and prevent oxidation of the sleeve 80 when immersed in molten kaolin. As the kaolin is removed the electrodes are moved inwards for re-starting the process on withdrawal of the nozzle, calcined kaolin being added from the hopper. When the furnace is shut down after several days, the molten kaolin solidifies in a solid mass around the electrodes and in the furnace base. The furnace is dis-assembled and the solidified kaolin is split to expose the electrodes, the tips 40 of which are cut off and replaced. The nozzle assembly 80 is also removed by screwing it out of a ring 76 attached to the top of the cooling jacket 75 and if necessary replaced by a new assembly. The furnace casing 15 is in three vertical segments and has an inner lining of built-up refractory shapes. Specification 625,100 is referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US852731XA | 1955-11-21 | 1955-11-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB852731A true GB852731A (en) | 1960-11-02 |
Family
ID=22190530
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB33874/56A Expired GB852731A (en) | 1955-11-21 | 1956-11-06 | Electrode structures for kaolin melting |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB852731A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110963671A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-07 | 彩虹集团有限公司 | Method for protecting electrodes of advanced glass kiln in thermal state |
-
1956
- 1956-11-06 GB GB33874/56A patent/GB852731A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110963671A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-07 | 彩虹集团有限公司 | Method for protecting electrodes of advanced glass kiln in thermal state |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4796277A (en) | Melting furnace for melting metal | |
US3983309A (en) | Primary electrode arrangement for high temperature melting furnace | |
US3170977A (en) | Oxygen lance with detachable barrel | |
US2817695A (en) | Electric furnace and electrode structures for kaolin melting | |
US3346190A (en) | Apparatus and method for supplying gas to a high-temperature process | |
US2022112A (en) | Electric furnace and method of operation | |
US3170016A (en) | Fluid transfer device | |
US3147328A (en) | Electric glassmaking furnace | |
GB852731A (en) | Electrode structures for kaolin melting | |
US3339904A (en) | Support structure for a water-cooled cupola furnace | |
US1727191A (en) | Casting apparatus | |
US2883721A (en) | Furnace construction | |
US2266002A (en) | Electric furnace | |
US1880012A (en) | Melting furnace | |
US3131245A (en) | Immersion pipe for vacuum degassing apparatus | |
US2367029A (en) | Protection of chilling nozzles | |
US3287769A (en) | Vacuum melting and casting apparatus | |
US2343443A (en) | Electric arc furnace | |
US4309170A (en) | Vertical shaft furnace | |
US2252605A (en) | Cooling plate for blast furnace inwalls and mantles | |
JPH0232309B2 (en) | ||
US2389033A (en) | Electrode cooler for electric arc furnaces | |
US3216815A (en) | Tapping nozzle for molten refractories | |
US2661386A (en) | Retort type sectional highfrequency furnace | |
JP2001241858A (en) | Guide tube structure for electromagnetic flux concentration |