GB816485A - Improvements in or relating to ram air turbine - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to ram air turbine

Info

Publication number
GB816485A
GB816485A GB30115/56A GB3011556A GB816485A GB 816485 A GB816485 A GB 816485A GB 30115/56 A GB30115/56 A GB 30115/56A GB 3011556 A GB3011556 A GB 3011556A GB 816485 A GB816485 A GB 816485A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
blade
bearings
counterweight
shaft
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB30115/56A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Garrett Corp
Original Assignee
Garrett Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Garrett Corp filed Critical Garrett Corp
Publication of GB816485A publication Critical patent/GB816485A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
    • B64D41/007—Ram air turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05B2220/31—Application in turbines in ram-air turbines ("RATS")
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/75—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. servos
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/77—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/34—Application in turbines in ram-air turbines ("RATS")
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05D2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05D2260/75—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. by "servos"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05D2260/77—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

816,485. Air turbines. GARRETT CORPORATION. Oct. 3, 1956 [Oct. 7, 1955], No. 30115/56. Class 110 (3). A ram air turbine having a plurality of blades the pitch of which is adjusted by means responsive to centrifugal force acting against torsion rod means has the blades mounted in bearings supported for rotation about an axis disposed at an angle to the axis of adjustment of each blade and means connected with each blade disposed to apply a centrifugal force in opposition and equal to that of each blade to minimize the axial loading on the bearings. The invention is described with reference to a ram air turbine driving an electric generator in which the pitch of the blades 30 is adjusted by flyweights 61 responsive to centrifugal force acting against torsion rods 60. The blades of which one only is shown, 30, Fig. 1, each have a hub 31 which is supported in a bearing 32 carried in a recess 33 in a spinner housing member 29. The hub is provided with gear teeth 34 which mesh with teeth 35 of a blade synchronizing spider gear 36. To prevent a tendency of the blade to turn under aerodynamic loads, the centre of pressure is arranged on the axis of adjustment. A shaft 37 having an enlarged head 38 supported in a bearing 39 carried in a recess in the spinner housing is screwed into the hub 31. A nut 41 on the shaft 37 fixes a counterweight 42 against a shoulder 43. The counterweight 42 has three parts 42, 42a, Fig. 4, which are so arranged that the centrifugal forces acting on the blade assembly on one side of the axis will be balanced by those acting on the counterweight on the other side so that the load on the bearings 32, 39 is reduced to a minimum. The counterweight is so designed that it also balances the torque on the blade due to the centre of gravity of the blade assembly being offset from the axis of adjustment. A screw 44 provided with a large head 45 arranged to engage the inner race of the bearing 39 is screwed into the shaft 37 so that this shaft is stressed and the bearings 32, 39 preloaded. When the turbine is in operation, the centrifugal forces on the blade and counterweight will tend to stretch the shaft 37 and relieve the bearings on this preloading. The bearings will offer only normal resistance to rotation at the designed operating speeds of the turbine, so that the blades easily change their pitch in response to the action of the governor, to maintain the speed constant within critical limits. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 748,057.
GB30115/56A 1955-10-07 1956-10-03 Improvements in or relating to ram air turbine Expired GB816485A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US816485XA 1955-10-07 1955-10-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB816485A true GB816485A (en) 1959-07-15

Family

ID=22165488

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB30115/56A Expired GB816485A (en) 1955-10-07 1956-10-03 Improvements in or relating to ram air turbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB816485A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2123900A (en) * 1979-05-10 1984-02-08 Carter Warne Jun Rotor blade pitch fixing means for wind-driven generator
GB2182727A (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-20 Gen Electric Propeller/fan pitch feathering apparatus
CN107764552A (en) * 2017-09-04 2018-03-06 西安工业大学 Governor weight experimental rig
CN108443091A (en) * 2017-02-10 2018-08-24 哈米尔顿森德斯特兰德公司 Ram-air turbine blade

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2123900A (en) * 1979-05-10 1984-02-08 Carter Warne Jun Rotor blade pitch fixing means for wind-driven generator
GB2182727A (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-20 Gen Electric Propeller/fan pitch feathering apparatus
GB2182727B (en) * 1985-11-12 1989-09-27 Gen Electric Propeller/fan pitch feathering apparatus
CN108443091A (en) * 2017-02-10 2018-08-24 哈米尔顿森德斯特兰德公司 Ram-air turbine blade
CN108443091B (en) * 2017-02-10 2021-03-16 哈米尔顿森德斯特兰德公司 Ram air turbine blade
CN107764552A (en) * 2017-09-04 2018-03-06 西安工业大学 Governor weight experimental rig
CN107764552B (en) * 2017-09-04 2023-05-16 西安工业大学 Centrifugal counterweight test device

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