GB815462A - Improvements relating to the treatment of aqueous solutions containing ammonia and weak acids - Google Patents
Improvements relating to the treatment of aqueous solutions containing ammonia and weak acidsInfo
- Publication number
- GB815462A GB815462A GB1766954A GB1766954A GB815462A GB 815462 A GB815462 A GB 815462A GB 1766954 A GB1766954 A GB 1766954A GB 1766954 A GB1766954 A GB 1766954A GB 815462 A GB815462 A GB 815462A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- ion
- pipe
- washer
- sulphur
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title abstract 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 12
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 9
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 abstract 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P Ammonium sulfide Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[S-2] UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000007645 Citrus mitis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001567 Vinyl ester Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monochloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/12—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids alkaline-reacting including the revival of the used wash liquors
- C10K1/121—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids alkaline-reacting including the revival of the used wash liquors containing NH3 only (possibly in combination with NH4 salts)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Abstract
<PICT:0815462/III/1> <PICT:0815462/III/2> Aqueous solutions which contain ammonia and weak acids, e.g. hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide, or hydrocyanic acid, obtained e.g. as washing liquors and condensates, during the production of coke-oven gas and other fuel conversion gases are worked up by the employment of cation exchangers in an ion-exchanging system consisting of at least two exchanger containers connected in series, through which the aqueous solution flows and which is used for the separation of ammonia from the solution, the enriched exchange mass is regenerated after the flow of the solution has been discontinued, and the absorbed ammonia is removed. The aqueous solution from pipe 1 is fed to first container 4 of ion-exchanging system 2 through one or more layers 5, 6 of ion-exchange mass. The solution, free of most of the NH3, and some H2S, from 4 passes through gas separator 13 and pipe 7 to second container 8 similar to 4. From 8 the solution passes through gas separator 13 and pipe 9 to washer 10 where it is contacted with a gas of high CO2 content added through 11 to remove the remainder of the H2S and HCN if present. The remaining liquor containing, in the case of coke oven gas liquors, CO2, H2SO4, HCl, phenols, and pyridines is drawn off at 12 for further processing. The entrained gases, CO2 and some H2S, separated in separators 13 are drawn off through pipe 14 to dry purification plant 16 where H2S and HCN, if present, are absorbed, and CO2 is withdrawn at 17 Part of the CO2 gas is diverted to washer 10 and after enrichment with H2S is returned to pipe 14 at a point before the dry purifier 16. When 4 is sufficiently charged with NH3, 4 and 8 are changed over, and solution to be treated is conveyed direct to 8 through 20, back by pipe 22 to 4, and through 23 to washer 10. When 8 is also charged with NH3, the solution from 1 is diverted to second system 3 similar to 2. The residual solution in 4, 8 is, preferably, with drawn through pipes 26 to the main stream to be treated. The regeneration of the ion-exchanger may be effected with H2SO4 of such concentration that saturated (HN4)2SO4 solution is formed, or by circulating 10 per cent H2SO4 until it contains 1 per cent free acid, or by HCl and the NH3 is expelled from the resulting volatile ammonium chloride by means of a base, e.g. lime, or by indirect heating to recover NH3, or by steam and CO2 under increased pressure and the NH3 distilled from the condensate. As shown in Fig. 2 containers 4, 8 are washed with, preferably softened, water through pipe 27 and the wash liquor is withdrawn through 28 to waste 29 or to acid container 31. Acid is then passed into 4, 8 from top to bottom, and, if desired, in reverse, and is returned to tank 31. After sufficient enrichment with NH3, the solution is withdrawn from 31 and coarse crystals of (NH4)2SO4 may be obtained by evaporation and crystallization, or by precipitation with methanol and centrifuging. Heating coil 33a may be fitted in one container 8 to drive out NH3 vapours, which pass through 34 to pipe 26, and may be passed through pipe 35 into the saturator or crystallizer in which the sulphate precipitates. After the acid treatment, the containers are again flushed with fresh water which drains to waste 29 or to acid tank 31. The solution to be treated is then diverted back to system 2, and system 3 is regenerated; common acid supply tank washer, purifier, &c., are used for systems 2, 3. Alternatively, in Fig. 3 (not shown), crude gas passes through a sulphur washer where it is sprayed with aqueous ammonia solution, and an ammonia washer. The discharged solution from the sulphur washer passes through two series-connected exchangers where NH3 is absorbed and the H2S is precipitated as S on the exchange mass. A dry purifier is provided as in Fig. 1 to absorb the remainder of the H2S and pure CO2 is withdrawn therefrom. Steam heating coils in the exchangers expel NH3 vapour, as necessary, which is absorbed in water and used in the sulphur washer. Alternatively, NH3 may be liberated from the ion-exchanger by direct heating or by electrolytic action. The sulphur is extracted from the ion-exchanger by a solvent, e.g. ammonium sulphide solution, when the ion-exchanger is fully charged with NH3, but it is not necessary to remove sulphur until NH3 has been repeatedly expelled. The sulphur solvent may be used repeatedly until sufficiently enriched. In Fig. 4 (not shown), liquor containing NH3, H2S, and CO2 has an oxygen carrier, preferably air, added before it is passed through series-connected exchangers to oxidize the H2S. Extraction of S and NH3 is effected as described above. The liquor may also contain high-boiling hydrocarbon and tar contaminants, which are deposited on the ion exchange mass; and these should be removed by flushing with an organic solvent, e.g. dichlorethane, before S and NH3 are removed. Ion-exchange masses referred to are those based on vinyl ester.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB815462A true GB815462A (en) | 1959-06-24 |
Family
ID=1733310
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1766954A Expired GB815462A (en) | 1954-06-16 | Improvements relating to the treatment of aqueous solutions containing ammonia and weak acids |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB815462A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105620953A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-06-01 | 内蒙古大唐国际克什克腾煤制天然气有限责任公司 | System and method for promoting heat diffusion in storage tanks |
-
1954
- 1954-06-16 GB GB1766954A patent/GB815462A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105620953A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-06-01 | 内蒙古大唐国际克什克腾煤制天然气有限责任公司 | System and method for promoting heat diffusion in storage tanks |
CN105620953B (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2018-08-10 | 内蒙古大唐国际克什克腾煤制天然气有限责任公司 | A kind of system and method promoting tank inside thermal diffusion |
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