GB798030A - Improvements in or relating to process for the preparation of wholly or partly deuterated hydrocarbon material - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to process for the preparation of wholly or partly deuterated hydrocarbon materialInfo
- Publication number
- GB798030A GB798030A GB26410/56A GB2641056A GB798030A GB 798030 A GB798030 A GB 798030A GB 26410/56 A GB26410/56 A GB 26410/56A GB 2641056 A GB2641056 A GB 2641056A GB 798030 A GB798030 A GB 798030A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- deuterium
- hydrocarbon
- gas
- deuterated
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
- G21C5/12—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator characterised by composition, e.g. the moderator containing additional substances which ensure improved heat resistance of the moderator
- G21C5/123—Moderators made of organic materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
A liquid or solid hydrocarbon is wholly or partly deuterated by allowing it to flow downwardly as a shallow liquid layer over the surface of a catalyst at elevated temperature and pressure and a gas, consisting wholly or mainly of deuterium and/or a deuterium compound which yields deuterium under the reaction conditions, is also passed into the reaction zone, the catalyst being such as to promote the isotope exchange. The gas is preferably passed upwards in countercurrent to the liquid, deuterium being heavier is therefore prevented from mixing with the lighter hydrogen leaving the top of the reaction zone. Flow of hydrocarbon may be high, e.g. 1 kg. of hydrocarbon per litre of reaction zone per hour, but preferably should not be so high as to cause turbulence or so low that lateral diffusion of the gas occurs. Temperatures and pressures are generally above 100 DEG C. and 10 atm. and are chosen to give sufficient catalyst activity without causing cracking while maintaining the hydrocarbon in the liquid phase. A temperature gradient lower at the bottom of the reaction zone than the top is advantageous. A series of zones may be used. The degree of deuteration depends on the relative feed rates of the hydrocarbon and gas. Generally hydrogenating/dehydrogenating catalysts are suitable including nickel, platinum, and palladium, oxides and sulphides of nickel, cobalt, tungsten, molybdenum and chromium which may be supported on kieselguhr, silica gel, pumice or active carbon and may be tablets or pellets. Alumina is also particularly effective. Any solid or liquid hydrocarbon of natural or synthetic origin may be used including branched or unbranched C6-C12 alkanes and mixtures such as mineral oil fractions, cyclohexane and its homologues and aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylenes and naphthalene. Sulphur and nitrogen impurities are preferably removed prior to the reaction. The products may be used as moderating material or cooling media in nuclear reactors (see Group XL (a)) and for this purpose aromatic, particularly polycyclic hydrocarbons are preferred, including naphthalene, acenaphthene diphenyl, fluorene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzanthrene, chrysene and their homologues, preferably any short side chains being removed beforehand by dealkylation. Deuterated aromatic hydrocarbons particularly those with a D : C ratio between 1 : 1 and 1 : 5 can be used to prepare carbon containing a small amount of deuterium as described in Specification 798,029, [Group XL (a)]. The gas used in the deuteration is preferably deuterium as pure as possible, but small amounts of components non-harmful to the catalyst may be added where partial deuteration is required. Deuterium compounds which yield deuterium which may be used with or instead of deuterium include deuterated lower hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane and ethylene. In an example, anthracene is deuterated with 99.2 per cent pure deuterium over alumina at 100 atmospheres and 325 DEG C. to give 78 per cent conversion of hydrogen in the anthracene to deuterium.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL798030X | 1955-08-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB798030A true GB798030A (en) | 1958-07-16 |
Family
ID=19834576
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB26410/56A Expired GB798030A (en) | 1955-08-31 | 1956-08-29 | Improvements in or relating to process for the preparation of wholly or partly deuterated hydrocarbon material |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE550663A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1161436A (en) |
GB (1) | GB798030A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT523086A1 (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-05-15 | Lec Gmbh | Process for the deuteration of liquid hydrocarbon compounds |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116328848A (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-06-27 | 安徽中核桐源科技有限公司 | Aluminum-based catalyst for improving isotope abundance as well as preparation method and application thereof |
-
0
- BE BE550663D patent/BE550663A/xx unknown
-
1956
- 1956-08-29 FR FR1161436D patent/FR1161436A/en not_active Expired
- 1956-08-29 GB GB26410/56A patent/GB798030A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT523086A1 (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-05-15 | Lec Gmbh | Process for the deuteration of liquid hydrocarbon compounds |
AT523086B1 (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-07-15 | Lec Gmbh | Process for the deuteration of liquid hydrocarbon compounds |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1161436A (en) | 1958-08-29 |
BE550663A (en) |
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