GB777233A - Crystalline synthetic zeolites - Google Patents
Crystalline synthetic zeolitesInfo
- Publication number
- GB777233A GB777233A GB36891/54A GB3689154A GB777233A GB 777233 A GB777233 A GB 777233A GB 36891/54 A GB36891/54 A GB 36891/54A GB 3689154 A GB3689154 A GB 3689154A GB 777233 A GB777233 A GB 777233A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- sodium
- zeolite
- nitrogen
- absorption
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C51/47—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J20/183—Physical conditioning without chemical treatment, e.g. drying, granulating, coating, irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/26—Aluminium-containing silicates, i.e. silico-aluminates
- C01B33/28—Base exchange silicates, e.g. zeolites
- C01B33/2807—Zeolitic silicoaluminates with a tridimensional crystalline structure possessing molecular sieve properties; Isomorphous compounds wherein a part of the aluminium ore of the silicon present may be replaced by other elements such as gallium, germanium, phosphorus; Preparation of zeolitic molecular sieves from molecular sieves of another type or from preformed reacting mixtures
- C01B33/2838—Zeolitic silicoaluminates with a tridimensional crystalline structure possessing molecular sieve properties; Isomorphous compounds wherein a part of the aluminium ore of the silicon present may be replaced by other elements such as gallium, germanium, phosphorus; Preparation of zeolitic molecular sieves from molecular sieves of another type or from preformed reacting mixtures of faujasite type, or type X or Y (UNION CARBIDE trade names; correspond to GRACE's types Z-14 and Z-14HS, respectively)
- C01B33/2846—Zeolitic silicoaluminates with a tridimensional crystalline structure possessing molecular sieve properties; Isomorphous compounds wherein a part of the aluminium ore of the silicon present may be replaced by other elements such as gallium, germanium, phosphorus; Preparation of zeolitic molecular sieves from molecular sieves of another type or from preformed reacting mixtures of faujasite type, or type X or Y (UNION CARBIDE trade names; correspond to GRACE's types Z-14 and Z-14HS, respectively) of type X
Abstract
A crystalline synthetic zeolite having a composition expressed as oxides, of <FORM:0777233/III/1> where M is hydrogen, ammonium or a metal having a valence not more than 3, n is the valence of M, and Y is a number not above 8, and having a specified X-ray powder diffraction pattern as set forth in the Specification, is prepared by first forming a sodium aluminium silicate of the above characteristics and subsequently exchanging the sodium ion for the ion desired. The sodium zeolite may be prepared by forming a water mixture containing the following oxide molar ratios: SiO2/Al2O3 from 3.0 to 5.0, Na2O/SiO2\t from 1.2 to 1.5, H2O/Na2O from 35 to 60 and maintaining such a mixture at a temperature beween 20 and 120 DEG C. until crystals have formed. The source of silica may be silica gel, silicic acid, colloidal silica or sodium silicate; the alumina may be provided as activated or gamma alumina, aluminium trihydrate or sodium aluminate whilst sodium hydroxide may supply the sodium ion and also effect pH control. A number of examples of reactant solutions are given, the preferred reactants being sodium aluminate and hydroxide which are added with agitation to an aqueous solution of sodium silicate. The initial mixing, with agitation, may be done at room temperature whilst the subsequent formation and crystallization of the zeolite may be effected without agitation at 100 DEG C. The hot reaction magna is preferably cooled before filtering and the zeolite crystals recovered may be washed until the effluent wash water in equilibrium with the zeolite has a pH of 9 to 12. The crystals may then be dried at 25 to 150 DEG C. and in general will have a size of 0.1 to 100 microns. The zeolites of the invention, in admixture with a minor proportion of other sodium aluminium silicates having a different specified X-ray diffraction pattern may also be prepared from reaction mixtures whose compositions expressed as oxides are SiO2/Al2O3 from 2.4 to 30, Na2O/SiO2 from 0.4 to 6.5, H2O/Na2O from 10 to 90 and also from compositions where the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio is from 2 to 40, the Na2O/SiO2 ratio is from 0.6 to 6 and the H2O/Na2O ratio is from 10 to 30. The sodium cations of the zeolite may be replaced by ion exchange with for example lithium, hydrogen, silver, ammonium, magnesium, calcium, zinc, barium, cerium or manganese ions. Thus hydrogen exchange may be effected with water or an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution; potassium exchange may be effected with potassium chloride or hydroxide, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium, nickel or strontium exchange by a solution of their chlorides whilst for zinc, silver and cerium a water solution of the nitrates is preferred. The zeolites may be employed as molecular sieve absorbents by heating to an activation temperature of 350 DEG C. and a prssure less than 0.1 mm. of mercury absolute. Preferential absorption is exhibited towards polar, polarizable and unsaturated molecules and the absorbents are effective at low pressures and concentrations and may be used for gas or liquid separations. Data is provided showing the absorption capacity of the zeolites for octane, benzene, m-dichlorobenzene and heptacosafluorotributylamine; the relative absorption ability of lithium, sodium and calcium zeolites for diphenyl methane; the effect on acetylene absorption of partial filling of the pores of the zeolite with water; a comparison of the water, acetylene and carbon dioxide absorption capacity of the sodium zeolite with silica gel and charcoal; the relative absorption of C2 and C3 hydrocarbons of varying degrees of unsaturation; the preferential absorption of carbon monoxide, a polar molecule, with argon, a nonpolar molecule of approximately the same size and volatility; the preferential absorption of toluene compared with cyclohexane; the selective absorption of thiophene from a liquid thiophene-benzene mixture and the absorption of tiophene from benzene vapour; the relative absorption capacity of sodium, calcium, magnesium, barium, manganese, lithium, and cerium zeolites for water, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, nhexane, and methyl cyclohexane. A further table compares the absorption capacity of sodium zeolite, silica gel and charcoal for water, carbon, dioxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane, isobutylene, hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, carbon monoxide, methanol, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, krypton, hydrogen, helium and methane. Exemplified uses of the zealites are drying of air; the recovery of traces of ethylene, acetylene, propylene, etc., from waste gas streams; the separation of volatile gases like hydrogen, and helium from oxygen, nitrogen, argon, and krypton; the separation of nitrogen from oxygen and argon; the removal of acetylene from mixtures with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane and ethylene; the separation of ethylene from oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon monoxide; the separation of carbon monoxide from hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, argon and methane; carbon dioxide may be separated from hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, methane, ethane and ethylene; sulphur dioxide from hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, ethylene, carbon monoxide and dioxide; hydrogen sulphide from hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide and dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane and pentane, and ammonia from hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and ethane. The zeolites are operative at higher temperatures than normally used and a table compares the absorption capacity for water of calcium zeolite and silica gel at 25 and 100 DEG C. The zeolite may be activated or re-activated by heating in air or vacuum and by reducing the pressure; the absorbate may also be displaced by the absorption of a more strongly held absorbate, for example absorbed acetylene may be displaced by the absorption of water. The zeolites may be employed in pelleted form obtained by pressing a mixture of the zeolite with a bonding agent such as clay.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US777233XA | 1953-12-24 | 1953-12-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB777233A true GB777233A (en) | 1957-06-19 |
Family
ID=22139687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB36891/54A Expired GB777233A (en) | 1953-12-24 | 1954-12-21 | Crystalline synthetic zeolites |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB777233A (en) |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2991151A (en) * | 1957-12-05 | 1961-07-04 | Union Carbide Corp | Crystalline zeolite q |
US2998459A (en) * | 1959-03-27 | 1961-08-29 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for chlorinating hydrocarbons |
US2999861A (en) * | 1958-11-12 | 1961-09-12 | Union Oil Co | Segregation of organic nitrogen compounds |
US3029242A (en) * | 1958-12-23 | 1962-04-10 | Separation of heterocyclic nitrogen | |
US3030181A (en) * | 1957-08-26 | 1962-04-17 | Union Carbide Corp | Crystalline zeolite r |
US3051646A (en) * | 1961-03-13 | 1962-08-28 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Removal of sulfur materials from hydrocarbons |
US3054657A (en) * | 1958-03-31 | 1962-09-18 | Union Carbide Corp | Crystalline zeolite s |
US3064002A (en) * | 1958-07-21 | 1962-11-13 | Union Oil Co | Separation of pyridine homologues |
US3069470A (en) * | 1958-07-21 | 1962-12-18 | Union Oil Co | Separation of toluidine isomers |
US3103425A (en) * | 1963-09-10 | Adsorption apparatus and method | ||
US3119659A (en) * | 1960-09-26 | 1964-01-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for producing molecular sieve bodies |
US3119660A (en) * | 1960-09-26 | 1964-01-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for producing molecular sieve bodies |
US3126425A (en) * | 1964-03-24 | p-xylene | ||
US3140933A (en) * | 1960-12-02 | 1964-07-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Separation of an oxygen-nitrogen mixture |
US3140932A (en) * | 1960-12-02 | 1964-07-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Separation of an oxygen-nitrogen mixture |
US3141729A (en) * | 1960-07-11 | 1964-07-21 | United Aircraft Corp | Gels and method of making |
DE1178066B (en) * | 1958-06-09 | 1964-09-17 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Process for separating mixtures of aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic or halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons which boil in a narrow range |
US3197944A (en) * | 1961-08-07 | 1965-08-03 | Hayes Inc C I | Rotary adsorber having intermittent movement |
US3248170A (en) * | 1965-04-08 | 1966-04-26 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Crystalline zeolite u |
US3251902A (en) * | 1963-07-15 | 1966-05-17 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Isoparaffin-olefin alkylation using crystalline zeolite catalyst |
US3370099A (en) * | 1962-12-12 | 1968-02-20 | Mobil Oil Corp | Isomerization process |
WO1998016469A1 (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-04-23 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Synthesis of large crystal zeolites |
US6160191A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 2000-12-12 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Hydrocarbon conversion using large crystal zeolite catalyst |
CN116060080A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-05-05 | 广东工业大学 | Composite metal oxide catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
CN116621191A (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-08-22 | 深圳鼎诚环境科学有限公司 | Molecular sieve adsorbent for removing benzene series in VOCs and preparation method thereof |
-
1954
- 1954-12-21 GB GB36891/54A patent/GB777233A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3126425A (en) * | 1964-03-24 | p-xylene | ||
US3103425A (en) * | 1963-09-10 | Adsorption apparatus and method | ||
US3030181A (en) * | 1957-08-26 | 1962-04-17 | Union Carbide Corp | Crystalline zeolite r |
US2991151A (en) * | 1957-12-05 | 1961-07-04 | Union Carbide Corp | Crystalline zeolite q |
US3054657A (en) * | 1958-03-31 | 1962-09-18 | Union Carbide Corp | Crystalline zeolite s |
DE1178066B (en) * | 1958-06-09 | 1964-09-17 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Process for separating mixtures of aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic or halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons which boil in a narrow range |
US3064002A (en) * | 1958-07-21 | 1962-11-13 | Union Oil Co | Separation of pyridine homologues |
US3069470A (en) * | 1958-07-21 | 1962-12-18 | Union Oil Co | Separation of toluidine isomers |
US2999861A (en) * | 1958-11-12 | 1961-09-12 | Union Oil Co | Segregation of organic nitrogen compounds |
US3029242A (en) * | 1958-12-23 | 1962-04-10 | Separation of heterocyclic nitrogen | |
US2998459A (en) * | 1959-03-27 | 1961-08-29 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for chlorinating hydrocarbons |
US3141729A (en) * | 1960-07-11 | 1964-07-21 | United Aircraft Corp | Gels and method of making |
US3119659A (en) * | 1960-09-26 | 1964-01-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for producing molecular sieve bodies |
US3119660A (en) * | 1960-09-26 | 1964-01-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for producing molecular sieve bodies |
US3140933A (en) * | 1960-12-02 | 1964-07-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Separation of an oxygen-nitrogen mixture |
US3140932A (en) * | 1960-12-02 | 1964-07-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Separation of an oxygen-nitrogen mixture |
US3051646A (en) * | 1961-03-13 | 1962-08-28 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Removal of sulfur materials from hydrocarbons |
US3197944A (en) * | 1961-08-07 | 1965-08-03 | Hayes Inc C I | Rotary adsorber having intermittent movement |
US3370099A (en) * | 1962-12-12 | 1968-02-20 | Mobil Oil Corp | Isomerization process |
US3251902A (en) * | 1963-07-15 | 1966-05-17 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Isoparaffin-olefin alkylation using crystalline zeolite catalyst |
US3248170A (en) * | 1965-04-08 | 1966-04-26 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Crystalline zeolite u |
WO1998016469A1 (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-04-23 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Synthesis of large crystal zeolites |
US5958366A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1999-09-28 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Synthesis of large crystal zeolites |
US6160191A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 2000-12-12 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Hydrocarbon conversion using large crystal zeolite catalyst |
CN1105680C (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 2003-04-16 | 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 | Synthesis of large crystal zeolites |
CN116060080A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-05-05 | 广东工业大学 | Composite metal oxide catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
CN116621191A (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-08-22 | 深圳鼎诚环境科学有限公司 | Molecular sieve adsorbent for removing benzene series in VOCs and preparation method thereof |
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