GB656910A - Pretreatment of distillation and cracking apparatus - Google Patents
Pretreatment of distillation and cracking apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- GB656910A GB656910A GB26557/48A GB2655748A GB656910A GB 656910 A GB656910 A GB 656910A GB 26557/48 A GB26557/48 A GB 26557/48A GB 2655748 A GB2655748 A GB 2655748A GB 656910 A GB656910 A GB 656910A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ketene
- cracking
- carbon monoxide
- per cent
- acetone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/10—Inhibiting corrosion during distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/002—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects, e.g. avoiding explosions, or improving the yield by suppressing side-reactions
- B01J19/0026—Avoiding carbon deposits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/87—Preparation of ketenes or dimeric ketenes
- C07C45/88—Preparation of ketenes or dimeric ketenes from ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/87—Preparation of ketenes or dimeric ketenes
- C07C45/89—Preparation of ketenes or dimeric ketenes from carboxylic acids, their anhydrides, esters or halides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
<PICT:0656910/IV (b)/1> The formation of coke during the production of ketene by cracking organic compounds in apparatus wherein the surfaces which come into contact with the material being treated are composed of high-chromium and high-nickel steel, is reduced by preliminarily treating the surfaces with a gas containing a substantial proportion of carbon monoxide at a temperature within the range 1200-1800 DEG F. and a pressure between 0 and 100 pounds per square inch. The steels to which the invention particularly relates contain 23 to 27 per cent chromium, 12 to 20 per cent nickel, and less than 0.2 per cent carbon. The apparatus shown is suitable for cracking acetone to make ketene. The acetone is vaporized in coil 2, and is then preheated to about 1200 DEG F. in coil 4 which is of large diameter and is composed of the alloy referred to above. Alternatively the preheater may consist of rows of straight tubes connected in series or in parallel. The preheated acetone is cracked in coil 6 which is of less diameter than the preheater, and is made of the alloy referred to above. The contact time is between 0.25 and 0.75 seconds, the mass velocity being about 10-40 pounds per square foot per second; and the outlet temperature is between 1300 DEG and 1400 DEG F. The products are discharged into tower 8 where the ketene is reacted with acetic acid which is introduced through conduit 9. Prior to the cracking process, the apparatus is treated with carbon monoxide or a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at a temperature of 1200 DEG F. and a pressure of 5 pounds per square inch g. for a period of 1 to 24 hours. The production of ketene from acetic acid and acetic anhydride is also referred to.ALSO:<PICT:0656910/III/1> The formation of coke during the distillation or cracking of organic compounds in apparatus wherein the surfaces which come into contact with the material being treated are composed of high-chromium and high-nickel steel, is reduced by preliminarily treating the surfaces with a gas containing a substantial proportion of carbon monoxide at a temperature within the range 1200-1800 DEG F., and a pressure between 0 and 100 p.s.i.g. The steels to which the invention particularly relates, contain 23 to 27 per cent chromium, 12 to 20 per cent nickel, and less than 0.2 per cent carbon. The apparatus shown is suitable for cracking acetone to make ketene. The acetone is vaporized in coil 2, and is then preheated to about 1200 DEG F. in coil 4 which is of large diameter and is composed of the alloy referred to above. p Alternatively the preheater may consist of rows of straight tubes connected in series or in parallel. The preheated acetone is cracked in coil 6 which is of less diameter than the preheater and is made of the alloy referred to above; the contact time being between 0.25 and 0.75 seconds, the mass velocity being about 10-40 pounds per square inch per second, and the outlet temperature being between 1300 DEG and 1400 DEG F. The products are discharged into tower 8 where the ketene is reacted with acetic acid which is introduced through conduit 9. Prior to the cracking process, the apparatus is treated with carbon monoxide or a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at a temperature of 1200 DEG F. and a pressure of 5 pounds per square inch g. for a period of 1 to 24 hours. The production of ketene from acetic acid and acetic anhydride is also referred to.ALSO:The formation of coke during the distillation or cracking of organic compounds in apparatus wherein the surfaces which come into contact with the material being treated are composed of high-chromium and high-nickel steel, is reduced by preliminarily treating the surfaces with a gas containing a substantial proportion of carbon monoxide at a temperature within the range 1200 DEG -1800 DEG F and a pressure between 0 and 100 lb. per square inch. The steels to which the invention particularly relates contain 23 to 27 per cent chromium, 12 to 20 per cent nickel, and less than 0.2 per cent carbon. In the cracking of acetone to make ketene (see Group IV (b)), it has been found suitable to condition the apparatus using carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the ratio of 1:1 to 2:1 H2/CO, at a temperature of about 1200 DEG F and a pressure of 5 lb. per square inch for a period of 1 to 24 hours.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US656910XA | 1948-01-13 | 1948-01-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB656910A true GB656910A (en) | 1951-09-05 |
Family
ID=22064459
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB26557/48A Expired GB656910A (en) | 1948-01-13 | 1948-10-12 | Pretreatment of distillation and cracking apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB656910A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5169515A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1992-12-08 | Shell Oil Company | Process and article |
-
1948
- 1948-10-12 GB GB26557/48A patent/GB656910A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5169515A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1992-12-08 | Shell Oil Company | Process and article |
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