GB645701A - Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of thiourea - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of thiourea

Info

Publication number
GB645701A
GB645701A GB18858/47A GB1885847A GB645701A GB 645701 A GB645701 A GB 645701A GB 18858/47 A GB18858/47 A GB 18858/47A GB 1885847 A GB1885847 A GB 1885847A GB 645701 A GB645701 A GB 645701A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
thiourea
water
ammonium thiocyanate
mother
xylene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB18858/47A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beazer East Inc
Original Assignee
Koppers Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koppers Co Inc filed Critical Koppers Co Inc
Publication of GB645701A publication Critical patent/GB645701A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Thiourea is obtained by heating ammonium thiocyanate, isolated from the conversion mixture by aqueous extraction, and mother liquors containing unchanged ammonium thiocyanate, are dehydrated and recycled to the heating stage, at least the latter portion of the water being removed therefrom by passing a stream of inert gas or vapour, e.g. air, nitrogen, ammonia, through the apparatus. Thus about 80 per cent of the water may be removed from the mother liquor at temperatures below 100 DEG C. or even 110 DEG C., decomposition being then negligible by, e.g., vacuum evaporation, dehydration being continued as instanced above. Vapour is preferably obtained by distillation with a liquid water entrainer such as xylene, benzene, toluene, kerosene, cyclohexane, mesitylene, ethyl benzene and chlorinated hydrocarbons such as monochlorobenzene, which also acts as a vehicle so that by agitating, over-heating and the formation of films in the material undergoing dehydration is prevented. 50-80 parts of xylene per part of non-aqueous material in the charge may be used, xylene and water distilling over therewith being separated and the xylene returned to the dehydration unit. The temperature of dehydration may be altered by pressure adjustments and when complete the solid ammonium thiocyanate that separates may be melted by an increase of pressure and heated to below 155 DEG C., e.g. 150-152 DEG C., until sufficient thiourea is formed to substantially lower the melting point of the mixture, e.g. for 1 to 4 hours, and then to below 145 DEG C., e.g. 140-143 DEG C., for 8-10 hours, when heating is preferably stopped when the rate of formation of impurities and thiourea is approximately equal. Preferably the pressure is increased during dehydration so that no solid separates and in this case superheated xylene vapour may be led in from outside the unit. The aqueous extraction is preferably carried out by removing the entrainer from the conversion mix and running the latter into water, which is preferably mother and wash liquors obtained as indicated below, to give a concentrated solution which is boiled with charcoal, filtered, and cooled rapidly to obtain small crystals in a slurry to which chopped ice is added when thiourea is obtained by filtering and washing, mother and wash liquors being returned for treatment in the above fashion. The total amount of water required is approximately 6-7 parts per 8 parts of conversion mixture, an optimum of 33 parts to 40 being quoted, which approximates to the ammonium thiocyanate saturation temperature at the temperature employed. At least 50 per cent, e.g. 60 per cent, of the water is added as ice. The temperature of the pre-icing step is below 25 DEG C., preferably 0 DEG C. or below, a temperature of -10 DEG to -18 DEG C. then being obtained on icing. In contrast to prior art processes no double salt of ammonium thiocyanate and thiourea is obtained. If required, the conversion mix may be solidified before extraction and added to water in a solid form. Charcoaling may be omitted but is of value in a recycling process because build up of impurities is prevented. In a modification, mother liquors containing up to about 8 per cent of thiourea are concentrated so that ammonium thiocyanate crystallizes out, is separated and dehydrated as above, thiourea being recovered from the second mother liquors, e.g. by crystallization at below 0 DEG C., or these mother liquors may be returned to the quenching step. Mother liquors from the above cold filtration step are dehydrated by vacuum evaporation and entrainment distillation to leave 5-7 per cent of water and the emulsion cooled to below the ammonium thiocyanate but above the thiourea saturation temperature until the former crystallizes out, e.g. at about 45-95 DEG C. Ammonium thiocyanate is isolated and entrainer removed from the mother liquor from which thiourea is obtained or which is preferably returned to the quenching stage. Raw ammonium thiocyanate may be dehydrated at any convenient point in the system. Specification 400,916 is referred to.
GB18858/47A 1946-09-13 1947-07-15 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of thiourea Expired GB645701A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US645701XA 1946-09-13 1946-09-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB645701A true GB645701A (en) 1950-11-08

Family

ID=22056861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB18858/47A Expired GB645701A (en) 1946-09-13 1947-07-15 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of thiourea

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB645701A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4234513A (en) * 1978-05-10 1980-11-18 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the preparation of monoaryl thioureas
CN102731356A (en) * 2011-04-15 2012-10-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Thiourea cleaning production method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4234513A (en) * 1978-05-10 1980-11-18 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the preparation of monoaryl thioureas
CN102731356A (en) * 2011-04-15 2012-10-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Thiourea cleaning production method

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2959622A (en) Purification of crude jj-p-bis-
US2351381A (en) Process for the conversion of
GB1204184A (en) Manufacture of trimetallitic anhydride
US2385483A (en) Recovery and purification of iodine
GB645701A (en) Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of thiourea
US4900821A (en) Method for producing high-purity caprolactam
US2423200A (en) Of-lgctams
US2816923A (en) Conversion of maleic acid to fumaric acid
US3057918A (en) Production of biuret
US3354056A (en) Steam distilling and crystallization to separate succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid from mixture thereof
SU603335A3 (en) Method of purifying adiponitrile
GB834614A (en) Process of producing crystalline ammonium bifluoride
US1548920A (en) Manufacturing pure anthracene and pure carbazol
US1434593A (en) Purification of pyrogallol
US2560596A (en) Preparation of thiourea
US2514010A (en) Recovery and purification of aconitic acid
US2894815A (en) Production of ammonium thiocyanate
US3677023A (en) Process for dehydrating acetic acid
US2459135A (en) Purification of carbazole
US2756258A (en) Production of cyclohexanone oxime
US2122997A (en) Method of recovering zinc sulphate dihydrate
US1446551A (en) Process of purifying resorcin
US2552584A (en) Preparation of thiourea
US2068005A (en) Antimony trifluoride preparation
US2086805A (en) Purification of the isatins