GB634647A - Improvements in or relating to the polymerization in aqueous dispersion of polymerizable organic compounds - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to the polymerization in aqueous dispersion of polymerizable organic compoundsInfo
- Publication number
- GB634647A GB634647A GB26696/46A GB2669646A GB634647A GB 634647 A GB634647 A GB 634647A GB 26696/46 A GB26696/46 A GB 26696/46A GB 2669646 A GB2669646 A GB 2669646A GB 634647 A GB634647 A GB 634647A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- polymerization
- polymer
- dispersion
- esters
- aqueous dispersion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F291/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
One or more organic compounds containing a single CH2=C< grouping are polymerized in aqueous dispersion to produce particles of predetermined size by a process comprising providing in the dispersion a known number of polymer particles of the same compound(s) or of a different polymer compatible with the polymer to be produced and of known dimensions, and maintaining present during polymerization 20-60 per cent of the theoretical amount of dispersing agent necessary to form a unimolar layer on these particles. A substantial proportion of a previously prepared aqueous dispersion containing the polymer particles may be added to the monomer dispersion before polymerization occurs. Preferably the ratio of monomer to polymer present in the reaction mixture is always less than two to one during the course of polymerization. Preferred polymerizable compounds are vinyl and vinylidene chlorides and mixtures thereof with each other and with lesser proportions of vinyl esters and esters of acrylic and substituted acrylic acids. Other polymerizable compounds listed are styrene, p-chlorostyrene, esters of acrylic and substituted acrylic acids, acrylo- and methacrylo-nitriles, acrylamide, vinyl esters, ethers and ketones, ethylene, isobutylene and N-vinyl pyrrole, carbazole, indole and succinamide and mixtures thereof. In carrying out the process the average diameter of the polymer particles initially present is determined, e.g. by X-ray or electron diffraction methods, and the weight of polymer present also determined. The calculation of the amount of dispersing agent theoretically required is described and 20-68 per cent of this value added to the dispersion. Polymerization is carried out, additional dispersing agent being added during the reaction to maintain its concentration within the required range. Specified dispersing agents are stearates, oleates, palmitates, myristates, rosin, dehydrogenated rosin soaps, hymolal sulphates, alkaryl sulphonates, dialkyl succinamates and sodium N-octadecyl-N-1.2-dicarboxyethyl sulphosuccinamate. Preferably the monomer is introduced gradually during the reaction. Polymerization catalysts may be used, e.g. benzoyl, caprylyl and hydrogen peroxides, potassium ferricyanide, sodium perborate, percarbonates, persulphates and mixtures thereof. The hydrogen ion concentration may be controlled by addition of ammonium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, bicarbonate or acid phosphate or of lead acetate.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US634647XA | 1945-11-06 | 1945-11-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB634647A true GB634647A (en) | 1950-03-22 |
Family
ID=22049381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB26696/46A Expired GB634647A (en) | 1945-11-06 | 1946-09-05 | Improvements in or relating to the polymerization in aqueous dispersion of polymerizable organic compounds |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE843163C (en) |
GB (1) | GB634647A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2879256A (en) * | 1954-11-26 | 1959-03-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Continuous process for preparing vinyl or vinylidene chloride graft polymers of improved solubility |
BE628582A (en) * | 1962-02-19 | |||
DE1301905B (en) * | 1964-11-10 | 1969-08-28 | Rexall Drug Chemical | Process for the production of a graft polymer |
-
1946
- 1946-09-05 GB GB26696/46A patent/GB634647A/en not_active Expired
-
1950
- 1950-09-29 DE DEG3893A patent/DE843163C/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE843163C (en) | 1952-07-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2520959A (en) | Polymerization of vinyl compounds | |
US2473549A (en) | Method of polymerizing vinylidene compounds in aqueous medium in the presence of silver ion and oxalate ion | |
GB998498A (en) | Copolymerization of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene | |
Vanderhoff et al. | The use of high‐energy irradiation in an investigation of the mechanism and kinetics of emulsion polymerization | |
GB806095A (en) | Improvements in or relating to polymeric materials | |
JPS5928209B2 (en) | Polymerization method of vinyl halide | |
GB634647A (en) | Improvements in or relating to the polymerization in aqueous dispersion of polymerizable organic compounds | |
GB584794A (en) | Manufacture of polymers and interpolymers of ethylene | |
GB627265A (en) | Improvements in or relating to highly stable vinyl polymer latices and method of preparing same | |
GB1445489A (en) | Styrene-methacrylic acid copolymers and their preparation | |
GB588058A (en) | Stabilization of vinyl resins | |
US3189582A (en) | Polymerization process for polyvinylidene chloride and copolymers thereof using an insoluble metallic soap as sole emulsifier | |
US2673192A (en) | Chlorate-sulfite redox-initiated aqueous polymerization of vinyl derivatives | |
US2510426A (en) | Polymerization of monomeric mixtures comprising a chloroethylene and another copolymerizable unsaturated compound in aqueous medium in the presence of an ionizable silver compound | |
US3661867A (en) | Method for producing chloride by suspension polymerization | |
JPS6050201B2 (en) | Method for producing vinyl chloride polymer | |
GB599429A (en) | Improvements in or relating to polymerisation reactions | |
GB569409A (en) | Emulsion polymerisation and copolymerisation of asymmetrical dihalogenated ethylenes | |
US5872155A (en) | Latex based on vinyl chloride copolymers with a specific structure, process for the manufacture thereof and applications thereof | |
GB1385229A (en) | Polyvinylidenefluorides | |
GB563720A (en) | Copolymers of vinyl chloride | |
GB1136189A (en) | Process for the preparation of predominantly random rubber-like copolymers of butadiene-1,3 or isoprene with styrene | |
GB737158A (en) | Non-efflorescent latex compositions and method of making the same | |
GB1488554A (en) | Highly monodisperse latexes of non-film forming polymers and the preparation thereof | |
US4110527A (en) | Vinyl chloride polymerization using selected amounts of air, oxygen or nitrogen |