GB634534A - Improved process for the synthesis of hydrocarbons - Google Patents
Improved process for the synthesis of hydrocarbonsInfo
- Publication number
- GB634534A GB634534A GB24990/47A GB2499047A GB634534A GB 634534 A GB634534 A GB 634534A GB 24990/47 A GB24990/47 A GB 24990/47A GB 2499047 A GB2499047 A GB 2499047A GB 634534 A GB634534 A GB 634534A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- conversion
- reactor
- phase
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C07C1/0455—Reaction conditions
- C07C1/0465—Reaction conditions concerning fluidisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
- B01J8/12—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by gravity in a downward flow
- B01J8/125—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by gravity in a downward flow with multiple sections one above the other separated by distribution aids, e.g. reaction and regeneration sections
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D23/00—General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loom; Weaves not provided for in any other single group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
- C07C2523/745—Iron
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The synthesis of hydrocarbons and oxygenated products from carbon monoxide and hydrogen is effected by contacting in a conversion zone with a suspension of finely-divided synthesis catalyst in a gas, the concentration of <PICT:0634534/III/1> catalyst in said suspension being sufficiently low to permit conversion and resultant heat release to take place at a substantially uniform rate over an extended path of contact between reactants and catalyst, unreacted gases being withdrawn and contacted with a dense turbulent fluidized catalyst mass to effect substantial completion of the conversion. Deposition of carbon and disintegration of the catalyst, especially iron catalysts, is thereby reduced. The dilute phase conversion is preferably effected in successive stages, independently controlled as to catalyst supply, density, and temperature, up to a conversion of say 50-80 per cent, the catalyst entrained in the upward flow of gas then being carried to the final dense phase from which it may be recirculated to the dilute phase stages. Preferred catalysts contain iron obtained from oxides or sulphides and promoted with alkali oxides or halides, e.g. the reduction product of Fe2O3 95.4, Al2O3 2.6 K2O 2, and SiO2 1.4 parts by weight. Dilute phase densities of 0.5-10 lb./c. ft. may be established with superficial gas velocities of 1-20 ft./sec. with particle sizes of 5-150 m , and space velocities of 2,000-20,000 v./v./hr. of fresh feed. Dense phase densities of 20-150 lb./c. ft. are obtained with gas velocities of 0.1-3 ft./sec., and space velocities of less than 5,000 v./v./hr. Classification of particles may be effected in the dense phase and those of a narrow size range circulated to the dilute phase. Temperatures may vary for example from 500-650 DEG F. in the initial zone to 550-700 DEG F. in a subsequent zone, and 600-800 DEG F. in the final dense-phase zone. Fresh feed is supplied by lines 1 and 3 to reactor 10 and iron catalyst by stand-pipe 12 from reactor 50. Conditions are controlled to give a limited turbulence and slippage of catalyst particles, sufficient to permit efficient heat transfer to the cooling surfaces 18 while permitting carry-over of catalyst to reactor 30, to which additional catalyst may be fed by stand-pipe 32, and fresh feed gas by lines 21, 23. Product gases then pass to dense phase reactor 50 provided with conventional cooling means 48. Products pass through separator 58 and separated fines are returned by pipe 60 or lines 61, 63 as desired. Clarification of particles may be effected in packing 66 and those of desired size recycled.ALSO:<PICT:0634534/IV (b)/1> The synthesis of hydrocarbons and oxygenated products from carbon monoxide and hydrogen is effected by contacting in a conversion zone with a suspension of finely divided synthesis catalyst in a gas, the concentration of catalyst in said suspension being sufficiently low to permit conversion and resultant heat release to take place at a substantially uniform rate over an extended path of contact between reactants and catalyst, unreacted gases being withdrawn and contacted with a dense turbulent fluidized catalyst mass to effect substantial completion of the conversion. Deposition of carbon and disintegration of the catalyst, especially iron catalysts, is thereby reduced. The dilute phase conversion is preferably effected in successive stages, independently controlled as to catalyst supply, density, and temperature, up to a conversion of say 50-80 per cent, the catalyst entrained in the upward flow of gas then being carried to the final dense phase from which it may be recirculated to the dilute phase stages. Preferred catalysts contain iron obtained from oxides or sulphides and promoted with alkali oxides or halides, e.g. the reduction product of Fe2O3 95.4, Al2O3 2.6, K2O, and SiO2 1.4 parts by weight. Dilute phase densities of 0.5-10 lb./c.ft. may be established with superficial gas velocities of 1-20 ft./sec. with particle sizes of 5-150m and space velocities of 2,000-20,000 v/v/hr. of fresh feed. Dense phase densities of 20-150 lb./c.ft. are obtained with gas velocities of 0.1-3 ft./sec. and space velocities of less than 5,000 v/v/hr. Classification of particles may be effected in the dense phase and those of a narrow size range circulated to the dilute phase. Temperatures may vary for example from 500-650 DEG F. in the initial zone to 550-700 DEG F. in a subsequent zone, and 600-800 DEG F. in the final dense phase zone. Fresh feed is supplied by lines 1 and 3 to reactor 10 and iron catalyst by standpipe 12 from reactor 50. Conditions are controlled to give a limited turbulence and slippage of catalyst particles, sufficient to permit efficient heat transfer to the cooling surfaces 18 while permitting carry-over of catalyst to reactor 30, to which additional catalyst may be fed by standpipe 32, and fresh feed gas by lines 21, 23. Product gases then pass to dense phase reactor 50 provided with conventional cooling means 48. Products pass through separator 58 and separated fines are returned by pipe 60 or lines 61, 63 as desired. Classification of particles may be effected in packing 66 and those of desired size recycled.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US715798A US2463912A (en) | 1946-12-12 | 1946-12-12 | Synthesis of hydrocarbons |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB634534A true GB634534A (en) | 1950-03-22 |
Family
ID=24875525
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB24990/47A Expired GB634534A (en) | 1946-12-12 | 1947-09-11 | Improved process for the synthesis of hydrocarbons |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2463912A (en) |
GB (1) | GB634534A (en) |
NL (1) | NL66275C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2877590A1 (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-05-12 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | REACTIONAL DEVICE WITH SEVERAL ZONES IN A MOVABLE BED WITH APPOINTMENT IN EACH REGION OF REGENERATED OR FRESH CATALYST |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2640844A (en) * | 1947-02-05 | 1953-06-02 | Kellogg M W Co | High velocity process for synthesis of organic compounds |
US2506221A (en) * | 1947-02-18 | 1950-05-02 | Hydrocarbon Ressearch Inc | Catalytic synthesis of hydrocarbons |
US2612512A (en) * | 1947-09-16 | 1952-09-30 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Process for the synthesis of hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen by means of a fluidized fixed-bed |
US2567932A (en) * | 1948-04-30 | 1951-09-18 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Stagewise process for the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide |
US2614114A (en) * | 1948-06-26 | 1952-10-14 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Hydrocarbon synthesis |
US2573795A (en) * | 1948-08-16 | 1951-11-06 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Hydrocarbon synthesis process |
US2662911A (en) * | 1948-10-01 | 1953-12-15 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Temperature control in the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide |
US2627522A (en) * | 1948-10-29 | 1953-02-03 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Method and apparatus for carrying out exothermic catalytic reactions |
US2680125A (en) * | 1948-11-02 | 1954-06-01 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide |
US2671796A (en) * | 1948-12-18 | 1954-03-09 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Hydrocarbon synthesis and apparatus therefor |
US2665288A (en) * | 1949-09-06 | 1954-01-05 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process of promoting catalytic reactions in the vapor phase |
US2696461A (en) * | 1950-11-30 | 1954-12-07 | Kellogg M W Co | Regeneration of hydrocarbon conversion catalysts |
US2819951A (en) * | 1955-02-23 | 1958-01-14 | Shell Dev | Apparatus for the regeneration of catalyst |
US4003712A (en) * | 1970-07-29 | 1977-01-18 | Union Carbide Corporation | Fluidized bed reactor |
FR2642429B1 (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1991-04-19 | Bp Chimie Sa | PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR POLYMERIZATION OF GASEOUS OLEFINS IN A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR |
RU2342355C2 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2008-12-27 | Сэсол Текнолоджи (Проприетери) Лимитед | Method of obtaining liquid and gaseous products from gaseous reagents |
JP4731553B2 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2011-07-27 | サソール テクノロジー(プロプライエタリー)リミテッド | Production of liquid and optionally gaseous hydrocarbons from gaseous reactants into an expanding slurry bed |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2351248A (en) * | 1938-11-25 | 1944-06-13 | Wirth Gustav | Production of hydrocarbons |
US2417164A (en) * | 1944-11-23 | 1947-03-11 | Standard Oil Co | Hydrocarbon synthesis |
-
1946
- 1946-12-12 US US715798A patent/US2463912A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1947
- 1947-09-11 GB GB24990/47A patent/GB634534A/en not_active Expired
- 1947-10-14 NL NL135394A patent/NL66275C/xx active
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2877590A1 (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-05-12 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | REACTIONAL DEVICE WITH SEVERAL ZONES IN A MOVABLE BED WITH APPOINTMENT IN EACH REGION OF REGENERATED OR FRESH CATALYST |
WO2006051185A1 (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-05-18 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Reaction device having a number of moving bed zones with supplementing in each regenerated or fresh catalyst zone |
US7611678B2 (en) | 2004-11-09 | 2009-11-03 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Multi-zone moving-bed reaction device with an addition of regenerated or fresh catalyst in each zone |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US2463912A (en) | 1949-03-08 |
NL66275C (en) | 1950-07-16 |
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