GB598228A - An improved method and apparatus for the interaction of gaseous fluids with solid materials and more especially for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon oils - Google Patents

Abstract

598,228. Catalytic apparatus; cracking hydrocarbons; destructive hydrogenation. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO Feb. 10, 1941, No. 1740. Convention date, Dec. 30, 1939. [Classes 1 (i) and 32] In the conversion of hydrocarbon oils the vapours are passed through a conversion zone with finely divided catalyst under such conditions that part of the catalyst is suspended and is withdrawn with the reaction products,. and a substantial portion of the catalyst remains in the reaction zone for a considerably longer time than the vapours and is withdrawn from the bottom of the conversion zone. The vapours preferably remain in the reaction zone for 10-50 seconds and the catalyst for 15 seconds to 30 minutes; the catalyst is preferably 200-400 mesh and the vapour velocity 0.1-10 feet per second. In the illustrated embodiment, catalyst from hopper 69 is suspended in inert gas from pipe 71 and mixed with hydrocarbon vapours from pipe 10. The suspension is passed through pipe 12 to converter 13, and a further supply of vapour may be admitted at 51. Suspended catalyst is separated from the reaction products in cyclones 52 and 112, and may be returned to the reactor or treated in a stripping chamber 22, from which it passes through a depressuring chamber 29 to a hopper 33. It may be suspended in inert gas and passed into a conical regenerating chamber 45, to which a suitably cooled oxidising gas is admitted in stages through pipes 58- 60. In this step also the catalyst may remain for a considerably longer time than the gas in which it is suspended. The regenerated catalyst is separated from the combustion products in cyclones and passed through a stripping chamber similar to the chamber 22, and thence to a hopper 69 from which it is returned to the cyclone. For cracking oils the conversion zone may be maintained at 600-1200‹F. and up to 50 lbs. pressure The hydroforming of gasoline fractions is also described, at temperatures of 800-1050‹F. and pressures of 50-750 lb, a gas containing 40-70 per cent. of hydrogen being added to the reactant.