GB550022A - Improved protein-containing materials and their applications - Google Patents

Abstract

550,022. Artificial filaments ; polyamide compositions. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., E. I. June 16, 1941, No. 7606. Convention date, June 14, 1940. [Classes 2 (ii) and 2 (iii)] [Also in Group XX] Compositions of matter, suitable for use in the formation of films, fibres, and coating and moulding compositions, comprise an intimate mixture of a protein and a synthetic linear polyamide. The term "polyamide" includes interpolyamides, ester-amide interpolymers, polycarbamates, polyureas, and their corresponding sulphur analogues. Specified proteins are zein, blood albumen, gelatin, fibroin, soya protein, glycinin, maize glutelin, casein, salmine, clupein, egg albumen, serum globulin, edestin, hordein, wheat gliadin, oryzanin, collagen, elastin, vitellin, haemoglobin and keratin. The composition may be obtained by forming a solution of the components in a common solvent ; or by dissolving the two components in two different but miscible solvents so chosen that upon mixing the two solutions, mutual precipitation of the components occurs ; or by dissolving the two components separately in two immiscible solvents and dispersing one solution in the other. According to examples: (1) an aqueous solution of gelatin is blended with an aqueous solution of the interpolyamide from triglycoldiammonium adipate and hexamethylenediammonium adipate, and films are cast from the resulting mixture ; (2) an interpolymer from hexamethylenediammonium adipate and caprolactam is dissolved in a mixture of chloroform and methanol, and mixed N - ethyltoluene sulphonamides are added as, a plasticizer. This solution is added to a chloroform - methanol solution of zein, and films are cast from the resulting solution ; (3) zein and polyhexamethylene adipamide are dissolved in formic acid, and filaments are spun from the solution ; (4) a photographic film is made by mixing an aqueous solution of ammonium bromide, potassium iodide, polytriglycol adipamide and gelatin with an aqueous solution of ammoniacal silver nitrate, dissolving further gelatin, and coating a glass plate or a cellulose acetate film with the emulsion ; (5) a linear polyamide from caprolactam and hexamethylene-diammonium adipate is intimately mixed with zein and a mixture of isomeric C - amylbenzenesulphonamides, and the mixture is heated until complete mixing of the resulting solution is effected ; after cooling, the solidified mass is moulded in a pressure die ; (6) films and fibres are formed from a mixture of a solution of polyhexamethylene adipamide in formic acid with a solution of fibroin in a mixture of formic and hydrochloric acids ; (7) soya protein and polyhexamethylene adipamide are separately dissolved in an aqueous solution of phenol, and films are cast from the mixed solutions; (8) polyhexamethylene adipamide dissolved in formic acid is mixed with casein dissolved in hydrochloric acid, and films are cast from the mixture ; (9) zein is dissolved in a chloroform - methanol mixture and mixed C - amyl - benzenesulphonamides are added as a plasticizer, and an interpolyamide from hexamethylenediamine adipate and epsilon-caprolactam is dissolved in a chloroform-methanol mixture ; the two solutions are mixed, and films are cast from the mixture. The compositions may include pigments, dyes, fillers, resins and antioxidants. Specification 461,237, and U.S.A. Specifications 2,130,948 and 2,176,074 - are referred to.