GB543308A - An improved manufacture of polymerisation products - Google Patents

Abstract

543,308. Synthetic resins. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO. Nov. 28, 1939, No. 31010. Convention date, Dec. 31, 1938. Addition to 513,521 and 523,248. [Class 2 (iii)] In a process of preparing co-polymers having a molecular weight above 800 ty the treatment of an alipiiatic mono-iso-olefine, e.g. isobutylene or 2-methyl butene-1, and a hydrocarbon having a conjugated system of alternate double and single bonds and containing at least one olefinic linkage, e.g. 1. 3- butadiene, isoprene or styrene, with a Friedel-Crafts catalyst at a temperature below 0‹C., the catalyst is employed in the form of a solution or dispersion in an inert organic liquid and is fed into the reaction mixture in the form of fine drops having a volume of not more than 0.01 c.c. The catalyst solution or dispersion may be forced under pressure through a straight or conical orifice or through a porous thimble, or may be sucked up by a gas such as nitrogen under pressure and ejected through a nozzle. The low temperature may be produced by carrying out the reaction in the presence of a liquefied normally gaseous hydrocarbon such as liquefied ethylene, propane or butane, which acts as a solvent or diluent and also as a refrigerant, or by the addition to the reactants of an inert normally gaseous material such as solid carbon dioxide, if desired in the presence of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon such as ethane, propane or a refined saturated fraction of naphtha as a solvent or diluent. Suitable catalysts are aluminium chloride or bromide and titanium tetrachloride dissolved or dispersed in an inert organic liquid haying a freezing point not more than 20‹ C. above the desired polymerization temperature, e.g. alkyl halides such as methyl-, ethyl- or isopropyl chloride, chloroform and carbon disulphide. The catalyst solution may be cooled externally or by the addition of solid carbon dioxide. The co-polymers may be compounded with zinc oxide, stearic acid, sulphur, carbon black, pigments, e.g. titanium dioxide, mercaptothiazoles, e.g. mercaptobenzothiazole, di-thiocarbamates, e.g. zinc dibutyl thiocarbamate, phenyl #-naphthylamine and diphenyl guanidine. According to the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, in the production of polymerization products in general by the action of a polymerization catalyst on a polymerizable compound, the catalyst is injected in liquid state dispersed in a very finely divided condition ; styrene, isobutylene, butadiene, propylene and ethylene are mentioned as compounds which may be polymerized by the process, which may be carried out under pressure, and boron fluoride complexes with water or sulphuric acid are mentioned as catalysts. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification. as accepted.