GB524252A - An improved manufacture of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons boiling within the gasoline range - Google Patents
An improved manufacture of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons boiling within the gasoline rangeInfo
- Publication number
- GB524252A GB524252A GB2690/39A GB269039A GB524252A GB 524252 A GB524252 A GB 524252A GB 2690/39 A GB2690/39 A GB 2690/39A GB 269039 A GB269039 A GB 269039A GB 524252 A GB524252 A GB 524252A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- catalyst
- aluminium
- hydrocarbons
- halide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/04—Alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/08—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/26—Chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/053—Sulfates or other compounds comprising the anion (SnO3n+1)2-
- C07C2527/054—Sulfuric acid or other acids with the formula H2Sn03n+1
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/08—Halides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/08—Halides
- C07C2527/10—Chlorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/125—Compounds comprising a halogen and scandium, yttrium, aluminium, gallium, indium or thallium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/125—Compounds comprising a halogen and scandium, yttrium, aluminium, gallium, indium or thallium
- C07C2527/126—Aluminium chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/128—Compounds comprising a halogen and an iron group metal or a platinum group metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/132—Compounds comprising a halogen and chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/133—Compounds comprising a halogen and vanadium, niobium, tantalium, antimonium or bismuth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/135—Compounds comprising a halogen and titanum, zirconium, hafnium, germanium, tin or lead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/138—Compounds comprising a halogen and an alkaline earth metal, magnesium, beryllium, zinc, cadmium or mercury
Abstract
524,252. Preparation of paraffin hydrocarbons. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO. Jan. 26, 1939, No. 2690. Convention date, Nov, 26, 1938. [Class 2 (iii)] Hydrocarbons boiling mainly within the gasoline range are prepared by contacting a mixture of non-cyclic paraffin hydrocarbons, containing a paraffin hydrocarbon having at least one tertiary carbon atom in the molecule and a further paraffinic hydrocarbon in the presence of an alkylation catalyst selected from the following materials. The halides of aluminium, zinc, antimony, tin, iron, nickel, tungsten tantalum, zirconium and molybdenum. Particularly the chlorides and bromides of these metals or mixtures of them. To these compounds there may be added as activators small amounts of an alkyl halide such as ethyl-, propyl-, tertiary butyl-, tertiary or secondary amyl chloride or bromides thereof. Double halide complexes are also used such as a metal halide-aluminium halide and in particular sodium aluminium chloride, lithium aluminium chloride, antimony aluminium chloride or bromide, sodium aluminium bromide, mercury aluminium bromide, and potassium aluminium chloride. Sulphuric acid may also be used, preferably about 96-98 per cent. concentration. The above catalysts may be used alone or on carriers such as activated alumina, silica gel, bauxite, fuller's earth, Bentonite, Kieselguhr, pumice, infusorial earth, Montmorillonite, Marsil clays, Tonsil, super-filtral and activated Floridin. Clays of the bentonite and montmorillonite type activated by the process of U.S.A. Specification 1,642,871. are particularly desirable as they have some catalytic activity of their own and may in some cases be used alone, particularly when alkyl halides are present as promoters. A small-amount of a dehydrogenation catalyst may be added such as chromium oxide and gels impregnated with salts of nickel chromium aluminium and vanadium. The double halide type of catalysts have their activity in some cases, and may be regenerated by treatment with hydrogen halide or with halogens. The reaction mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons is contacted with a catalyst at temperatures from 0-550F. under pressure up to 3,000 lbs. per sq. inch, at the rate of about 7 volumes of mixture per vol. of catalyst per hour. The products may be fractionated and in some cases some fractions returned as desired. It is preferred to use as the reaction mixture a mixture of normally gaseous and normally liquid paraffin hydrocarbons in the proportion of two mols. gaseous to one mol. liquid hydrocarbons. It is a feature of the invention to produce fuels of improved octane number from low grade fuels, and also to use waste paraffinic refinery gases to produce motor fuels. A number of suitable reaction mixtures, and suitable hydrocarbons are mentioned. In examples (1) a mixture of isobutane and iso-octane is treated with a sodium aluminium chloride catalyst at 400F. under 3,000 lbs. pressure. (2) A mixture of 88 per cent. isobutane and 12 per cent. iso-octane is treated with an aluminium chloride catalyst in the presence of tertiary butyl chloride. (3) A mixture of iso-butane and normal heptane is treated with a catalyst of sodium aluminium chloride deposited on a carrier of material known under the Registered Trade Mark " Celite."
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US242572A US2349458A (en) | 1938-11-26 | 1938-11-26 | Reaction of paraffinic hydrocarbons |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB524252A true GB524252A (en) | 1940-08-01 |
Family
ID=22915333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB2690/39A Expired GB524252A (en) | 1938-11-26 | 1939-01-26 | An improved manufacture of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons boiling within the gasoline range |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2349458A (en) |
FR (1) | FR851032A (en) |
GB (1) | GB524252A (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2966535A (en) * | 1958-08-22 | 1960-12-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Molybdenum promoted alkylation of paraffins |
US2943126A (en) * | 1958-09-26 | 1960-06-28 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Liquid catalyst paraffin alkylation process |
US3045056A (en) * | 1958-11-03 | 1962-07-17 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Supported catalyst paraffin alkylation process |
US2978524A (en) * | 1958-12-01 | 1961-04-04 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Paraffin alkylation process promoted with silica gel and aluminum bromide |
US2971037A (en) * | 1958-12-01 | 1961-02-07 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Gamma alumina promoted paraffin alkylation process |
US2965693A (en) * | 1958-12-31 | 1960-12-20 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Paraffin alkylation with surface active agents |
US2982800A (en) * | 1959-02-05 | 1961-05-02 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Means for producing branched hydrocarbons |
US2987561A (en) * | 1959-03-04 | 1961-06-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method for producing isoparaffins |
US3097155A (en) * | 1959-04-03 | 1963-07-09 | Sinclair Research Inc | Process for the conversion of paraffin hydrocarbons with isobutane utilizing hydrogen fluoride as a catalyst |
US2987562A (en) * | 1959-05-18 | 1961-06-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Catalyst recovery in hydrocarbon reactions promoted with aluminum bromide |
US3002037A (en) * | 1959-05-22 | 1961-09-26 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Catalytic treatment of hydrocarbons in the presence of naphthenes |
US3002038A (en) * | 1959-07-28 | 1961-09-26 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Reactivation of paraffin alkylation catalysts |
US3000993A (en) * | 1959-09-28 | 1961-09-19 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Paraffin alkylation process |
US3136825A (en) * | 1960-10-20 | 1964-06-09 | Sinclair Research Inc | Process for disproportionation of isoparaffinic hydrocarbons |
-
1938
- 1938-11-26 US US242572A patent/US2349458A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1939
- 1939-01-26 GB GB2690/39A patent/GB524252A/en not_active Expired
- 1939-03-01 FR FR851032D patent/FR851032A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR851032A (en) | 1940-01-02 |
US2349458A (en) | 1944-05-23 |
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