GB493470A - Process for improving fuel oils by treatment with hydrogenating gases - Google Patents

Abstract

Fuel oils of poor quality which form deposits on standing are stabilized by treatment with hydrogenating gases at elevated temperatures and pressures and in presence of at least 10 per cent of hydrogenation catalyst so that their hydrogen content is increased by a small amount below 1 per cent by weight. Stationary catalysts are preferably used and comprise destructive hydrogenation catalysts of Groups 5-8 of the Periodic System, particularly sulphides, oxides, or hydroxides of chromium, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, iron or cobalt, preferably with the addition of metallic or halogen halides. Tin and zinc salts of organic acids are also specified and the catalysts may be supported on carriers which have been activated. Conditions specified comprise temperatures of 280 to 550 DEG C., preferably 300-450 DEG C., a throughput of from 0,3 to 1 kg. per hour per litre catalyst reaction space, and pressures of 100-10000 atoms. The crude fuel oils may be obtained by extracting solid carbonaceous materials with solvents under pressure, by distillation of oils, and by destructive hydrogenation. Bituminous coal is destructively hydrogenated at 460 DEG C. and 250 atmos. with addition of 0,06 per cent tin in the form of a suitable compound and 0,8 per cent ammonium chloride. Gasoline is removed from the middle and heavy oil produced, which is then filtered and hydrogenated at temperatures rising from 355 to 390 DEG C. under 300 atmos. pressure with a throughput of 0,6 kg., of oil per litre of reaction space per hour in a converter charged with tungsten sulphide. 0,42 per cent of hydrogen is taken up by the oil, which is stable when stocked.