GB472767A - A process for manufacturing valuable products from hydrocarbon oils - Google Patents

Abstract

Hydrocarbon oils are extracted with an anhydrous selective solvent consisting of a mixture containing one or more mono- or polynuclear isocyclic or heterocyclic compounds having one polar group and of a dipole moment at least 1,5 x 10<-18> e.s.u., and one or more mono- or polynuclear isocyclic or heterocyclic compounds having more than one polar group substituted in the nucleus. Non-polar groups may be present. Compounds of the first type are: phenol, cresol, nitrobenzene, aniline, toluidine, benzaldehyde, benzonitrile, methyl aniline, benzoyl cyanide, nitronaphthalene, naphthonitrile, naphthylamine, acetophenone, furfurol, thiophene aldehyde, furfurylamine, 3-hydroxy-acenaphthene, amino- or nitro-acenaphthene, acenaphthenone, nitro-fluorene, amino-pyridine. Compounds of the second type are: resorcinol, pyrogallol, phloroglucinol, dinitrobenzene, nitro-phenol, nitro-aniline, dinitro-phenol or -toluene, nitro-anisole, anthraquinone, dichlorbenzene, salicylic acid, gallic acid, 3 : 4-diamino-acenaphthene, 1 : 8-naphthalene dicarbonic acid or dinitro- or diaminofluorene. Diluents such as ether, chloroform, carbon disulphide, aromatic hydrocarbons, furane, pyrrole, pyridine, acridine, or indole may be added alone or together with other selective solvents such as sulphur dioxide, methyl alcohol, nitro-methane, acetonitrile, crotonaldehyde or methyl rhodanide. The extraction may be effected in a series of mixers and settlers or in extraction columns under elevated temperature and pressure. Lubricating oils, gasoline, kerosene, or gas oil (Diesel fuel) after freeing from water, if present, may be treated, whereby asphalt, colour- and gum-forming bodies and sulphur compounds are removed. Specifications 355,294, 380,954, 417,617, 436,194, and 459,442 are referred to.