GB448029A - Improvements in or relating to the distillation and carbonization of mixtures of oil with coal or similar carbonaceous material - Google Patents

Abstract

Halogenated hydrocarbons are obtained by passing the gases containing unsaturated hydrocarbons, obtained in the destructive distillation of coal-oil mixtures, through scrubbing towers in counter-current to a stream of bromine or chlorine water or brominated or chlorinated sea water or brine.ALSO:Coke, hydrocarbons, and halogenated hydrocarbons are obtained by mixing coal and oil, stirring the mixture while preheating to 100--325 DEG C., coking the mixture in a stationary retort at temperatures between 450 and 650 DEG C., condensing the components of the distillate liquefiable at ordinary temperatures, and recovering the unsaturated compounds in the residual gases and vapours by passing these through reaction vessels while being treated with halogens or sulphuric acid, an atmospheric or negative pressure being maintained. Coal <PICT:0448029/III/1> fed from a hopper 2 is mixed with oil, preheated in a vessel 7, in a mixing vessel 5 and the mixture is preheated in a vessel 14 provided with a stirrer 15 and heated to 325 DEG C. Vapours pass off through a reflux condenser 16 maintained at a temperature which refluxes products boiling above 200 DEG C., to the vessel 14, and a pipe 17 to a fractionating tower 18 having upper and lower packed sections 25, 26. The preheated mixture passes into a coking chamber 21, which may be provided with a removable steel tray, where it is heated to 600 DEG C., and reduced to coke. The vapours and gases produced pass through a line 22 to the column 18 from which condensate is recycled through a cooler 28 to the vessel 7. Vapours pass through a cooler 32 and the condensate is collected in receivers 34 from which the gases pass upwardly through a packed tower 49 down which a stream of chlorine, bromine, or sulphuric acid is passed in countercurrent. The gases pass finally through a refrigerator 50 maintained at about -40 DEG C. and condensate is collected in a receiver 51. Brominated sea water or brine may be used in the towers which are preferably cooled. The yield of the product may be modified by the addition of catalysts, e.g. zinc dust, ferric oxide, to the coal-oil mixture or the vapours may be passed through a heated catalyst tube 56. The gases and vapours may be passed through a byepass 54 direct to the tower 49. Specification 448,028 is referred to.