GB382372A - Improved extraction process for obtaining substances in purified condition - Google Patents

Improved extraction process for obtaining substances in purified condition

Info

Publication number
GB382372A
GB382372A GB25444/31A GB2544431A GB382372A GB 382372 A GB382372 A GB 382372A GB 25444/31 A GB25444/31 A GB 25444/31A GB 2544431 A GB2544431 A GB 2544431A GB 382372 A GB382372 A GB 382372A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
extraction
solvent
mixture
organic liquid
alcohol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB25444/31A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JACOB MANNE ELGERSMA
Original Assignee
JACOB MANNE ELGERSMA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JACOB MANNE ELGERSMA filed Critical JACOB MANNE ELGERSMA
Publication of GB382372A publication Critical patent/GB382372A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10KPURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/32Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide with selectively adsorptive solids, e.g. active carbon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0288Applications, solvents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0492Applications, solvents used
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D9/00Crystallisation
    • B01D9/0018Evaporation of components of the mixture to be separated
    • B01D9/0022Evaporation of components of the mixture to be separated by reducing pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D9/00Crystallisation
    • B01D9/005Selection of auxiliary, e.g. for control of crystallisation nuclei, of crystal growth, of adherence to walls; Arrangements for introduction thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01DCOMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
    • C01D9/00Nitrates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Pure substances are obtained in crystalline form from natural or synthetic products by extraction with a volatile solvent, or a mixture of such solvents, to which is added, before or after the extraction, a less volatile organic liquid of smaller solvent power for the desired substance, or a mixture of such liquids; the solvent is distilled off from the extract thereby causing a precipitation of the extracted substance from the organic liquid. The extraction may be carried out under pressure and the volatile solvent be removed from the extract by reduction of pressure. The solvent and organic liquid are chosen in each case so as to dissolve as little of the impurities present as possible and to retain in solution in the less volatile liquid such impurities as are extracted. Alternatively an impurity may be similarly extracted leaving the desired substance in purified form. One of the examples given relates to the separation of anthracene and carbazole by treating crude anthracene with a mixture of sulphur dioxide and acetone under pressure leaving a residue of comparatively pure anthracene, and the carbazole separating from the acetone after evaporation of the sulphur dioxide; the mother liquor still containing carbazole and traces of anthracene is resaturated with sulphur dioxide and again used in the process. Ammonia may replace sulphur dioxide in the process according to this example. Various other volatile solvents specified for use in accordance with the general invention are amines, hydrocyanic acid and carbon dioxide. A mixture of methyl and ethyl alcohols may be used as a less volatile organic liquid.ALSO:Pure substances are obtained in crystalline form from natural or synthetic products by extraction with a volatile solvent, or a mixture of such solvents, to which is added, before or after the extraction, a less volatile organic liquid of smaller solvent power for the desired substance, or a mixture of such liquids; the solvent is distilled off from the extract thereby causing a precipitation of the extracted substance from the organic liquid. The extraction may be carried out under pressure and the volatile solvent be removed from the extract by reduction of pressure. The solvent and organic liquid are chosen in each case so as to dissolve as little of the impurities present as possible and to retain in solution in the less volatile liquid such impurities as are extracted. Alternatively an impurity may be similarly extracted leaving the desired substance in purified form. Examples are given relating to (1) the extraction of sodium nitrate from caliche using ammonia as the solvent and methyl alcohol as the less volatile liquid, extraction being conducted under pressure and sodium nitrate being obtained as a precipitate leaving sodium iodate in solution in the alcohol; (2) the extraction of alkali cyanides or cyanates from calcium cyanamide-alkali melts, using ammonia and alcohol; (3) the extraction of sodium cyanide obtained by heating briquettes of soda and carbon in an atmosphere of nitrogen, or obtained according to Specification 301,565, [Class 1 (ii), Inorganic compounds, other than &c.], or German Specification 51562, using a mixture of ammonia and alcohol; (4) the extraction of sulphur from spent gas-purifier mass or from crude Silician sulphur, using a mixture of hydrogen bisulphide or carbon bisulphide and ethyl alcohol; (5) the separation of anthracene and carbazole by treating crude anthracene with a mixture of sulphur dioxide and acetone under pressure leaving a residue of comparatively pure anthracene, and the carbazole separating from the acetone after evaporation of the sulphur dioxide; the mother liquor still containing carbazole and traces of anthracene is re-saturated with sulphur dioxide and again used in the process. Ammonia may replace sulphur dioxide in the process according to this example. Various other volatile solvents specified for use in accordance with the general invention are amines, hydrocyanic acid and carbon dioxide. A mixture of methyl and ethyl alcohols may be used as a less volatile organic liquid.ALSO:Pure substances are obtained in crystalline form from natural or synthetic products by extraction with a volatile solvent, or a mixture of such solvents, to which is added, before or after the extraction, a less volatile organic liquid of smaller solvent power for the desired substance, or a mixture of such liquids; the solvent is distilled off from the extract, thereby causing a precipitation of the extracted substance from the organic liquid. The extraction may be carried out under pressure and the volatile solvent be removed from the extract by reduction of pressure. The solvent and organic liquid are chosen in each case so as to dissolve as little of the impurities present as possible and to retain in solution in the less volatile liquid such impurities as are extracted. Alternatively an impurity may be similarly extracted leaving the desired substance in purified form. Examples are given relating to (1) the extraction of sodium nitrate from caliche using ammonia as the solvent and methyl alcohol as the less volatile liquid, extraction being conducted under pressure and sodium nitrate being obtained as a precipitate leaving sodium iodate in solution in the alcohol; (2) the extraction of alkali cyanides or cyanates from calcium cyanide-alkali melts, using ammonia and alcohol; (3) the extraction of sodium cyanide obtained by heating briquettes of soda and carbon in an atmosphere of nitrogen, or obtained according to Specification 301,565, [Class 1 (ii), Inorganic compounds, other than &c.], or German Specification 51562, using a mixture of ammonia and alcohol; (4) the extraction of sulphur from spent gas-purifier mass or from crude Silician sulphur, using a mixture of hydrogen bisulphide or carbon bisulphide and ethyl alcohol; (5) the separation of anthracene and carbazole by treating crude anthracene with a mixture of sulphur dioxide and acetone under pressure leaving a residue of comparatively pure anthracene, and the carbazole separating from the acetone after evaporation of the sulphur dioxide; the mother liquor still containing carbazole and traces of anthracene is re-saturated with sulphur dioxide and again used in the process. Ammonia may replace sulphur dioxide in the process according to this example. Various other volatile solvents specified for use in accordance with the general invention are amines, hydrocyanic acid and carbon dioxide. A mixture of methyl and ethyl alcohols may be used as a less volatile organic liquid.ALSO:Pure substances are obtained in crystalline form from natural or synthetic products by extraction with a volatile solvent, or a mixture of such solvents, to which is added, before or after the extraction, a less volatile organic liquid of smaller solvent power for the desired substance, or a mixture of such liquids; the solvent is distilled off from the extract thereby causing a precipitation of the extracted substance from the organic liquid. The extraction may be carried out under pressure and the volatile solvent be removed from the extract by reduction of pressure. The solvent and organic liquid are chosen in each case so as to dissolve as little of the impurities present as possible and to retain in solution in the less volatile liquid such impurities as are extracted. Alternatively an impurity may be similarly extracted leaving the desired substance in purified form. Examples are given relating to (1) the extraction of sodium nitrate from caliche using ammonia as the solvent and methyl alcohol as the less volatile liquid, extraction being conducted under pressure and sodium nitrate being obtained as a precipitate leaving sodium iodate in solution in the alcohol; (2) the extraction of alkali cyanides or cyanates from calcium cyanide-alkali melts, using ammonia and alcohol; (3) the extraction of sodium cyanide obtained by heating briquettes of soda and carbon in an atmosphere of nitrogen, or obtained according to Specification 301,565, [Class 1 (ii), Inorganic compounds, other than &c.], or German Specification 51562, using a mixture of ammonia and alcohol; (4) the extraction of sulphur from spent gas-purifier mass or from crude Silician sulphur, using a mixture of hydrogen bisulphide or carbon bisulphide and ethyl alcohol.
GB25444/31A 1930-09-11 1931-09-10 Improved extraction process for obtaining substances in purified condition Expired GB382372A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL382372X 1930-09-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB382372A true GB382372A (en) 1932-10-27

Family

ID=19785665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB25444/31A Expired GB382372A (en) 1930-09-11 1931-09-10 Improved extraction process for obtaining substances in purified condition

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FR (1) FR722795A (en)
GB (1) GB382372A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110002474A (en) * 2019-05-06 2019-07-12 澧县腾飞化工有限公司 Ammonia recovery technique containing ammonium salt solution after a kind of purification of potassium nitrate crude product
CN113024346A (en) * 2021-03-19 2021-06-25 浙江大学衢州研究院 Separation method of mixture of anthracene and pentanization reaction product thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110002474A (en) * 2019-05-06 2019-07-12 澧县腾飞化工有限公司 Ammonia recovery technique containing ammonium salt solution after a kind of purification of potassium nitrate crude product
CN113024346A (en) * 2021-03-19 2021-06-25 浙江大学衢州研究院 Separation method of mixture of anthracene and pentanization reaction product thereof
CN113024346B (en) * 2021-03-19 2023-01-10 浙江大学衢州研究院 Separation method of mixture of anthracene and pentanization reaction product thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR722795A (en) 1932-03-25

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