GB302346A - Improvements in the preparation of aqueous dispersions of petroleum products - Google Patents

Abstract

302,346. Naamlooze Vennootschap Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij. Dec. 15, 1927, [Convention date]. Emulsions, making.-In the distillation of crude petroleum, volatile acid ingredients which are readily emulsifiable with caustic .alkalis are fixed, either in the fractions in which they occur or in the undistilled oil, by the addition thereto of a base such as caustic soda or potash, or lime. The fixed ingredients are set free after distillation by treating the distillation residues with acids such as sulphuric or hydrochloric acid. The products may then be emulsified direct with aqueous caustic soda solution with or without the addition of other emulsifying agents or may be mixed with less emulsifiable residues or other petroleum products and the mixture emulsified. Alternatively, when caustic alkalies are used for fixing, the fixed residues may be emulsified, without treatment with acids, in water or caustic soda solution together if desired with other emulsifying agents. Protective substances may be added to the emulsions before, during or after preparation. Examples of the invention are as follow :- (1) Roumanian crude oil, from which the benzine and kerosene fractions have been distilled, is neutralized with caustic soda and distilled until there remains an asphalt which is dispersed at 80‹-100‹ C. with 80 per cent of water. (2) The lubricating oil fraction from the distillation of 100 tons of Venezuelan crude oil is neutralized with caustic soda and redistilled. The residue is treated at elevated temperature with hydrochloric and sulphuric acid equivalent in quantity to the caustic soda used and is then mixed with 100 tons of primary Venezuelan asphalt. The molten mixture is emulsified by stirring into 80 tons of 0.5 per cent caustic soda solution. (3) 100 tons of Venezuelan crude or partly distilled crude oil are neutralized with caustic soda and subsequently distilled. Hydrochloric acid gas is then blown into the hot residual asphalt until the caustic soda is converted into common salt. The molten product is emulsified as in (2)