GB2596076A - Coating composition - Google Patents

Coating composition Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2596076A
GB2596076A GB2009077.5A GB202009077A GB2596076A GB 2596076 A GB2596076 A GB 2596076A GB 202009077 A GB202009077 A GB 202009077A GB 2596076 A GB2596076 A GB 2596076A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
viral
coating
coating composition
compound
composition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB2009077.5A
Other versions
GB202009077D0 (en
GB2596076B (en
Inventor
Birtles Stephen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Louver Lite Ltd
Original Assignee
Louver Lite Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Louver Lite Ltd filed Critical Louver Lite Ltd
Priority to GB2009077.5A priority Critical patent/GB2596076B/en
Publication of GB202009077D0 publication Critical patent/GB202009077D0/en
Publication of GB2596076A publication Critical patent/GB2596076A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2596076B publication Critical patent/GB2596076B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
    • A01N43/52—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. benzimidazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
    • A01N55/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur containing metal atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table; Zincates; Cadmates
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/46—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table; Titanates; Zirconates; Stannates; Plumbates
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0059—Organic ingredients with special effects, e.g. oil- or water-repellent, antimicrobial, flame-resistant, magnetic, bactericidal, odour-influencing agents; perfumes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/045—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyolefin or polystyrene (co-)polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
    • D06N3/183—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials the layers are one next to the other
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
    • D06N3/186—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials one of the layers is on one surface of the fibrous web and the other layer is on the other surface of the fibrous web
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N2300/00—Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
    • D06M13/352—Heterocyclic compounds having five-membered heterocyclic rings
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    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
    • D06M13/355—Heterocyclic compounds having six-membered heterocyclic rings
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    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
    • D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
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    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
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    • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
    • D06N2203/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/10—Properties of the materials having mechanical properties
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0006—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using woven fabrics
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D06N3/0036—Polyester fibres

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The viricidal coating comprises an antibacterial or antifungal agent and a zirconium compound or complex in a polymeric binder. The Zr compound is not the same as the antimicrobial agent. Preferably the zirconium compound is a basic zirconium carbonate. The preferred fungicidal or biocidal agent is a silver or zinc compound or complex or a heterocyclic compound, especially a pyridine-thionate zinc or thiazolyl-benzimidazole (thiabendazole). The preferred aqueous coating composition includes a polyvinyl ester tackifier and a fire retardant (e.g. antimony oxide). Preferably, a fibrous textile (e.g. woven polyester) 10 has continuous intermediate 21 and anti-virus 22 coatings on one side and another continuous coating 11 on the other side. The active agents may be spread over different coatings. The coated fabric is used as a window covering, e.g. curtain.

Description

Coating composition The present invention relates to an anti-viral coating composition suitable for a fabric, fabrics coated with the coating composition and uses thereof.
Viral respiratory infections can be transmitted through droplets of different sizes: when the droplet particles are >5-10 pm in diameter they are referred to as respiratory droplets, and when then are <5pm in diameter, they are referred to as droplet nuclei.' According to current evidence, COVID-19 virus is primarily transmitted between people through respiratory droplets and contact routes.2-7In an analysis of 75,465 COVID-19 cases in China, airborne transmission was not reported.' Droplet transmission occurs when a person is in in close contact (within 1 m) with someone who has respiratory symptoms (e.g.) coughing or sneezing) and is therefore at risk of having his/her mucosae (mouth and nose) or conjunctiva (eyes) exposed to potentially infective respiratory droplets. Transmission may also occur through fomites in the immediate environment around the infected person.' Therefore, transmission of the COVID-19 virus can occur by direct contact with infected people and indirect contact with surfaces in the immediate environment or with objects used on the infected person (e.g., stethoscope or thermometer).
Airborne transmission is different from droplet transmission as it refers to the presence of microbes within droplet nuclei, which are generally considered to be particles <5pm in diameter, can remain in the air for long periods of time and be transmitted to others over distances greater than 1 m.
In the context of COVID-19, airborne transmission may be possible in specific circumstances and settings in which procedures or support treatments that generate aerosols are performed; i.e., endotracheal intubation, bronchoscopy, open suctioning, administration of nebulized treatment, manual ventilation before intubation, turning the patient to the prone position, disconnecting the patient from the ventilator, non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation, tracheostomy, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Many viruses are transmitted via airborne transmission.
This invention seeks to prevent viral transmission by killing virus particles, in particular respiratory viruses including, but not limited to, corona viruses such as SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) , MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), and influenza viruses.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an anti-viral coating composition for fabrics, wherein the anti-viral coating composition comprises a zirconium compound or complex, an anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent and a polymeric carrier, wherein the zirconium compound or complex is different to the anti-bacterial or anti-fungal agent.
In this context, the term 'fabric' means any manufactured assembly of interlacing fibres, filaments and/or yarns having substantial surface (planar) area in relation to its thickness and adequate mechanical strength to give it a cohesive structure. The fabric is typically woven or knitted but may also be produced by non-woven processes such as braiding, felting and twisting. For the avoidance of doubt, the term also includes laces, meshes and nets.
In this context, a virus particle, also known as a virion, consists of nucleic acid surrounded by a protective coat of protein called a capsid. A virus particle may have a lipid "envelope" derived from the host cell membrane.
The coating composition of the invention comprises a zirconium compound or complex.
Zirconium compounds and complexes are known. Zirconyl chloride (ZrOCI (OH)) is used as an antiperspirant owing to its denaturing action on proteins and is effective in denaturing allergens. In addition, such zirconium compounds are also used as tanning agents for leather, which makes use of an astringent action on proteins. Allergen denaturing effects have also been shown for compounds such as basic zirconium carbonate, zirconium hydroxide and zirconium acetate.
In one embodiment, the zirconium compound or complex includes, but is not limited to a basic zirconium carbonate compound such as ammonium zirconium carbonate, which is a commercially available basic zirconium compound.
In this context, the term 'carrier' means a substance, typically inert, which serves as a vehicle for the zirconium compound or complex.
The composition must be suitable for application to a fabric substrate. Thus, the carrier must be capable of being applied to the fabric and must be compatible with the fabric. The coating must allow the fabric to function in its desired application after coating.
In one embodiment, the carrier is a polymer. For example, the polymer may be a vinyl acetate-based polymer, such as polyvinyl acetate (PVA) or vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer (VAE), an acrylic polymer, a polyurethane polymer, a polyalkylene polymer or mixtures thereof.
The carrier may be in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion. An aqueous carrier is useful as organic carriers are more tightly regulated and controlled. Coating processes tend to use aqueous components where possible to avoid the health and safety issues relating to the storage, handling, use and disposal of organic compounds.
The coating composition further comprises an anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent. For example the anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent may include a zinc compound or complex, a silver compound or complex and/or a heterocyclic compound including nitrogen and sulphur heteroatoms. In an embodiment of the invention, the anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent includes a zinc compound or complex. In a further embodiment of the invention, the anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent includes a heterocyclic compound formed from a heterocycle core containing one or more nitrogen heteroatoms and a heterocyclic substituent containing one or more sulphur heteroatoms. An example anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent comprises Bis[1-Hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethionato-0,5]-T-4 zinc and 2-(4-thiazolyl)benzimidazole. In such an anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent, the zinc compound comprises a pair of pyridine-based ligands in which the sulphur and oxygen atoms of the ligands are bound to the zinc Suitably, the coating composition of the invention further comprises a tackifier. In this context, the term 'tackifier' means a chemical compound used to increase the tackiness, i.e the stickiness, of a surface. They are usually low-molecular weight compounds with high glass transition temperature and softening temperature above room temperature, providing them with suitable viscoelastic properties. Tackifiers are usually resins e.g. rosins and their derivatives; terpenes and modified terpenes; aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic resins; hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins and their mixtures; terpene-phenol resins. An example of a suitable tackifier is an aqueous polymer dispersion containing an acrylate and a saturated, highly branched C10 monocarboxylic acid. A further example is a copolymer including a vinyl ester of a branched carboxylic acid (a so-called VeoVa vinyl ester) and a vinyl acetate.
It is an advantage of a coating composition comprising an anti-viral agent and a tackifier that the increased tackiness of the resultant coating causes airborne virus particles to adhere to it, which increases the ability of the coating to trap and kill virus particles.
Suitably the resultant tackiness of the surface is sufficient to increase the adhesion of virus particles to the coated surface without resulting in a sticky feel or fabric handle.
The coating composition may further comprise one or more additional functional additives, for example to improve fire retardant or UV resistant properties or to improve the mechanical properties or increase durability.
Suitably, the coating composition further comprises a fire retardant. The fire retardant may be an antimony-based fire retardant, such as a fire retardant comprising antimony(III) oxide (Sb203) . In an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the anti-viral coating composition is suitable for use with a fabric for covering an architectural opening In an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the anti-viral coating composition is suitable for use with a window covering fabric.
In an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the anti-viral coating composition is suitable for use with a window blind fabric.
In an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the anti-viral coating composition is suitable for use with a fabric for use in the healthcare industry, for example in hospitals, clinics and residential care homes.
In this context, a fabric for use in the healthcare industry includes, but is not limited to use in the following: isolation gowns; surgical gowns; surgical drapes and covers; surgical scrub suits; surgical caps; surgical masks; personal protective equipment such as caps, masks, aprons and gowns; bed linen; curtains and drapes; blinds; and privacy screens and curtains. Suitably, the healthcare fabric is selected from a curtain, a drape, a privacy screen and a privacy curtain.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an anti-viral coated fabric comprising a fabric substrate which is coated with an anti-viral coating formed from the composition as defined anywhere herein in relation to the first aspect of the invention.
In an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the anti-viral coated fabric is suitable for covering an architectural opening.
In an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the anti-viral coated fabric is suitable for use in the healthcare industry.
In this context, the term "coating" includes one or more layers.
In this context, the term 'coated fabric' means a material comprising a fabric substrate and at least one polymeric coating. The polymeric coating may form a continuous or discontinuous layer.
Suitably, the polymeric coating may form a substantially continuous layer.
In an embodiment of the invention, the anti-viral coating is in the form of one or more substantially continuous polymeric layers.
The polymeric coating is typically applied in liquid form in a solvent or water base, which evaporates to leave the polymer. The coating may be applied to one or both surfaces. Depending upon the application method, the liquid may require thickening to prevent soaking through the fabric, or an anti-foaming agent to aid processing. The thickness of the coating, or amount of product applied is controlled. Bonding typically occurs either through the drying process (evaporation) or through a curing process, required to promote polymer crosslinking.
Polymers which may be used in the or each coating include vinyl acetate-based polymers, such as polyvinyl acetate (PVA) or vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer (VAE), acrylic polymers, polyurethane polymers, polyalkylene polymers and mixtures thereof.
A skilled person will appreciate that the fabric substrate may comprise one or more anti-viral coatings Optionally, the fabric substrate may be coated with two or more layers. Thus, the fabric substrate may comprise the anti-viral coating and a second polymeric coating.
In another embodiment, the fabric includes an intermediate coating which comprises a substantially continuous polymeric layer and the intermediate coating is located between the fabric substrate and an outer layer formed from the anti-viral coating.
The intermediate coating may be in the form of a substantially continuous layer and the outer layer comprising the anti-viral agent may also be substantially continuous.
Suitably, the anti-viral coating further comprises a tackifier. The tackifier may be as defined and described hereinbefore.
In this context, the "outer layer" means the layer which is the furthest of the layers from the fabric substrate. Thus, there may be more than one intermediate layer.
In another embodiment, there is provided a coated fabric for covering an architectural opening wherein the fabric substrate is coated on a first side with the anti-viral coating and is coated on a second side, which is opposite to the first side, with a second coating. The second coating may or may not be formed from the coating composition as defined in the first aspect of the invention, i.e. it may or may not include an anti-viral agent.
Suitably, in this embodiment, the anti-viral coating forms a substantially continuous layer.
Suitably, the second coating may form a substantially continuous layer.
Suitably, the anti-viral coating of the subject embodiment further comprises a tackifier.
The fabric substrate itself may selected or modified to enhance adhesion of virus particles and increase the ability of the coating to trap and kill virus particles. For example surface roughness may be affected by the weave or the nap of the fabric.
The anti-viral coating may be surface-modified to increase adhesion of virus particles and increase the ability of the coating to trap and kill virus particles. Thus, the surface of the anti-viral coating may be modified to increase its co-efficient of friction and/or to increase its tackiness. This may be achieved by roughening the surface to increase its surface area and its co-efficient of friction. As described hereinabove, the anti-viral coating may further include a tackifier.
The coated fabric may further include a fire retardant and/or UV stabiliser as defined in connection with the first aspect of the invention. The fire retardant and/or UV stabiliser may be present in any of the coatings on the fabric substrate or they may form a separate coating on the fabric substrate.
The coated fabric may be used as a substrate in a variety of coverings for an architectural opening, including: blinds; screens, e.g. fly screens, room dividers, lanai screens; curtains and drapes.
Blinds such as roman blinds, roller blinds, vertical blinds, panel shades and the like typically comprise a blind substrate (e.g. a fabric material), the top edge of which being connected to a top member of the blind, such as a head rail or a roller tube, and the bottom edge being provided with a bottom bar. Additionally, the blind may comprise a plurality of blind substrate elements which together define a blind substrate. Examples of such blinds include vertical blinds in which the blind substrate elements are arranged vertically and Venetian blinds in which the blind substrate elements are arranged horizontally. Thus, the coated fabric may be used as a curtain, drape, screen, blind substrate or blind substrate element.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the coating composition as defined anywhere herein in relation to the first aspect of the invention to kill virus particles.
Suitably, the coating is on a fabric substrate or blind substrate element.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the coating composition as defined anywhere herein in relation to the first aspect of the invention as an anti-viral coating.
Suitably, the anti-viral coating is on a fabric substrate.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the anti-viral coated fabric as defined anywhere herein in relation to the second aspect of the invention to kill virus particles.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the anti-viral coated fabric as defined anywhere herein in relation to the second aspect of the invention for or preventing or reducing viral transmission According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a window covering comprising a coated fabric according to the second aspect of the invention.
Suitably the window covering is selected from window blinds, curtains and drapes Suitably the window blind is selected from a roller blind, vertical blinds, Venetian blinds, a pleated blind, a cellular blind and a roman blind.
In the context of the present invention, the term "kill virus particles" suitably means that the log reduction in the concentration of virus particles in contact with the anti-viral substrate is at least 1.
This may be achieved by breaking the viral nucleic acid chain, inactivating the nucleic acid chain and/or damaging or destroying the capsid and/or lipid envelope.
The skilled person will appreciate that the features described and defined in connection with the aspects of the invention and the embodiments thereof may be combined in any combination, regardless of whether the specific combination is expressly mentioned herein. Thus, combinations of optional features are within the scope of the invention.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through a coated fabric according to a first embodiment of the invention; and Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view through a coated fabric according to a second embodiment of the invention.
For the avoidance of doubt, the skilled person will appreciate that in this specification, the terms "up", "down", "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "width", "above", "below", etc. refer to the orientation of the components of the invention when installed for normal use as shown in the Figures.
Figure 1 shows a woven polyester fabric 10 which is coated on a first (front) surface with a VAE (vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer) coating 11 and is coated on a second (rear) surface with a coating comprising a first layer 21 and a second layer 22. The first layer 21 comprises an anti-bacterial/anti- fungal agent containing a mixture of Bis[1-Hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethionato-0,5]-T-4 zinc and 2-(4-thiazolyObenzimidazole, and a fire retardant containing antimony(III) oxide in a polymer (VAE). The second layer 22 comprises a VAE copolymer carrier containing an anti-viral agent in the form of ammonium zirconium carbonate. Both coatings fill the interstices between warp and weft threads to provide a fabric substrate which is substantially devoid of holes or interstices. Virus particles which contact the second layer 22 are killed.
Figure 2 shows a similar fabric. In this embodiment, a woven polyester fabric 110 has coated on its first (front) surface a VAE coating 111 which contains a coloured pigment. In contrast to the embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1, the fabric 110 shown in Figure 2 carries on its second (rear) surface a rear coating comprising a single layer 120. The rear coating layer 120 comprises a VAE polymer carrier containing an anti-bacterial/anti-fungal agent (a mixture of Bis[1-Hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethionato-0,5]-T-4 zinc and 2-(4-thiazolyl)benzimidazole), a fire retardant containing antimony(III) oxide, and an anti-viral agent in the form of ammonium zirconium carbonate.
The fabric of the embodiment shown in Figure 2 and described above by was tested for anti-viral activity.
The test method for the determination of the antiviral activity of the textile products against specified viruses is described below.
Method A 20mmx2Omm sample of test material is cut (overall mass should be 0.40g and can be made up with extra material if required). 9 control pieces are required and 6 test pieces.
3 pieces of each material are used to test the effect of the fabric on cells without virus (cytotoxicity), 3 control pieces (uncoated material) are used to recover the starting titre of virus. The remaining pieces are inoculated with 200p1 of virus at a concentration of -107TCIDs° (giving a final concentration of 105) and left for the contact time.
Following the contact time, the fabric is recovered in 20m1 of cell culture media and enumerated onto an appropriate cell line. TCID5° is calculated following the appropriate incubation time. Antiviral activity is calculated by comparison of the antiviral test material to the immediate recover from the control fabric.
Test Temperature 20°C + 1°C Temperature of Incubation 37°C ±1°C Identification of the Viral Strains Feline coronavirus, Strain Munich Contact Time 1 hour Four different coated woven polyester fabrics (T1-T4) as described above in relation to Figure 2 were 35 tested.
The test products received have shown the following log reductions against Feline coronavirus, when tested under the conditions stipulated in this report: Ti -1.46 (96.51%) T2 -1.79 (98.38%) T3 -2.07 (99.15%) T4 -1.75 (98.22%) Currently the strain of the organism SARS-CoV2 related to the COVID19 pandemic poses a significant threat to people handling it outside of high-level research laboratories, it is therefore not available commercially for use in public laboratories. In this case. And as in other outbreaks before it, the position of the industry is to use a suitable surrogate in its place which would represent the target strain and would therefore provide representative results.
This has been the case previously in similar situations, like combatting Ebola in Central Africa where Respiratory syncytial virus was used as a surrogate in testing as Ebola was for obvious reasons limited in access. This testing was widely accepted by competent authorities and healthcare services.
The members of the family Coronaviridae are enveloped and have a positive sense RNA genome. Coronaviruses have a distinct morphology with an outer 'corona' of embedded envelope spikes.
These viruses cause a broad spectrum of animal and human disease.
Feline coronavirus COVID-19 (SARSCoV2) Realm Riboviria Riboviria Order Nidovirales Nidovirales Family Coronaviridae Coronaviridae Genus Alphacoronavirus Betacoronavirus Species Alphacoronavirus 1 COVID-19 Table 1: Comparison between the pandemic strain and the MSL surrogate organism Feline coronavirus was used as the surrogate organism for SARS-CoV2. There are several reasons for this: 1) It poses no risk to laboratory staff. 2) It shares a strong family design to the outbreak strain with only small differences in RNA. 3) It is currently used in other EN methodologies, so it has been tested in ring trial and was proven to provide reliable and repeatable results.
Therefore, any result on Feline coronavirus would be representative of the results achieved on the pandemic strain SARS-CoV2.
References 1. World Health Organization. Infection prevention and control of epidemic-and pandemic-prone acute respiratory infections in health care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014 Available from: h[sipsitapps 97.a9:?Al 0 rfiseQuen 2. Liu J, Liao X, Qian Set al. Community transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Shenzhen, China, 2020. Emerg Infect Dis 2020 doi.org/10.3201/eid2606.200239 3. Chan J, Yuan 5, Kok K et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet 2020 doi: 10.1016/50140-6736(20)30154-9 4. Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirusinfected pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2020; doi:10.1056/NEJM0a2001316.
5. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020; 395: 497-506.
6. Burke RM, Midgley CM, Dratch A, Fenstersheib M, Haupt T, Holshue M,et al. Active monitoring of persons exposed to patients with confirmed COVID-19 -United States, January-February 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6909e1external icon 7. World Health Organization. Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 16-24 February 2020 [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 Available from: httos://www., o.lottdocsitiefault-sou vho-chinaThnin1-mison-on-covid-19-finai-reriortpciF 8. Ong SW, Tan YK, Chia PY, Lee TH, Ng OT, Wong MS, et al. Air, surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-00V-2) from a symptomatic patient. JAMA. 2020 Mar 4 [Epub ahead of print].

Claims (25)

  1. CLAIMS1. An anti-viral coating composition for fabrics, wherein the anti-viral coating composition comprises a zirconium compound or complex, an anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent and a polymeric carrier, wherein the zirconium compound or complex is different to the antibacterial or anti-fungal agent.
  2. 2. An anti-viral coating composition according to Claim 1, wherein the coating comprises a zirconium compound.
  3. 3. An anti-viral coating composition according to Claim 2, wherein the zirconium compound is a basic zirconium carbonate compound.
  4. 4. An anti-viral coating composition according to any of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent comprises a zinc compound or complex, a silver compound or complex and/or a heterocyclic compound including nitrogen and sulphur heteroatoms.
  5. 5. An anti-viral coating composition according to Claim 4, wherein the anti-bacterial and/or anti-fungal agent comprises a zinc compound or complex and a thiazolylbenzimidazole compound.
  6. 6. An anti-viral coating composition according to any of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the anti-viral coating composition further comprises a tackifier.
  7. 7. An anti-viral coating composition according to Claim 6, wherein the tackifier is a polymeric compound.
  8. 8. An anti-viral coating composition according to Claim 7, wherein the tackifier comprises a polymer formed from a vinyl ester of a branched carboxylic acid and/or vinyl acetate.
  9. 9. An anti-viral coating composition according to any of Claims 1 to 8, wherein the coating composition further comprises a fire retardant.
  10. 10. An anti-viral coating composition according to any of Claims 1 to 9, wherein the polymeric carrier is in the form of an aqueous solution or dispersion.
  11. 11. An anti-viral coated fabric comprising a fabric substrate which is coated with anti-viral coating formed from the anti-viral coating composition according to any of Claims 1 to 10.
  12. 12. An anti-viral coated fabric according to Claim 11, wherein the anti-viral coating is in the form of a substantially continuous polymeric layer.
  13. 13. A anti-viral coated fabric according to Claim 11 or Claim 12 wherein the fabric includes an intermediate coating which comprises a substantially continuous polymeric layer and the intermediate coating is located between the fabric substrate and an outer layer formed from the anti-viral coating
  14. 14. An anti-viral coated fabric according to Claim 13, wherein the anti-viral coating is in the form of a substantially continuous layer.
  15. 15. An anti-viral coated fabric according to Claim 11 or Claim 12, wherein the fabric is coated on one side with the anti-viral coating and is coated on the other side, with a second coating.
  16. 16. An anti-viral coated fabric according to Claim 15 wherein anti-viral coating forms a substantially continuous layer.
  17. 17. An anti-viral coated fabric according to Claim 15 or 16 wherein the second coating forms a substantially continuous layer.
  18. 18. An anti-viral coated fabric according to any of Claims 11 to 17, wherein the anti-viral coating is surface modified to increase the surface roughness.
  19. 19. An anti-viral coated fabric according to any of Claims 11 to 18, wherein the anti-viral coating includes a tackifier.
  20. 20. Use of the coating composition according to any of Claims 1 to 10 to kill virus particles.
  21. 21. Use of the coating composition according to any of Claims 1 to 10 as an anti-viral coating.
  22. 22. Use of the coating composition according to claim 20m or 21 wherein the coating is on a fabric substrate.
  23. 23. Use of the anti-viral coated fabric according to any of Claims 1 to 19 to kill virus particles.
  24. 24. Use of the anti-viral coated fabric according to any of Claims 1 to 19 for preventing or reducing viral transmission.
  25. 25. A window covering comprising a coated fabric according to any of claims 11 to 19.
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US5874148A (en) * 1997-04-21 1999-02-23 Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Water resistant textile coating and method of using the same
SE528045C2 (en) * 2004-02-23 2006-08-15 Polygiene Ab Use of a plastic composition to provide a surface with antivirus activity
RU2434382C2 (en) * 2006-03-07 2011-11-27 Янссен Фармацевтика Н.В. Combinations of imazalil and silver compounds
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EP2374354A1 (en) * 2008-12-26 2011-10-12 NBC Meshtec, Inc. Anti-viral member
GB2545405A (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-21 Louver-Lite Ltd Coating composition
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