GB2589431A - Information Aggregation Method and Apparatus Based on Knowledge Graph and device - Google Patents
Information Aggregation Method and Apparatus Based on Knowledge Graph and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An information aggregation method and apparatus based on a knowledge graph, and a device. The method comprises: adding Web service description information into a knowledge graph (S10); performing an information query on the basis of the knowledge graph, and acquiring associated Web service information according to an input query sentence (S20); and fusing a knowledge graph query result with a returned Web service query result (S30). According to the method, by means of adding Web service description information into a knowledge graph and providing corresponding retrieval schemes for different data sources, a knowledge graph query result and a Web-service-based query result can be simultaneously provided when a user performs a query, and therefore, richer query results can be obtained according to various data sources. At the same time, a scheme for performing data fusion on retrieval results of different data sources and a knowledge graph data update scheme are further provided, such that querying of information can be more accurate. The method has good operability and extendibility.
Description
AN INFORMATION AGGREGATION METHOD, DEVICE AND A COMPUTER APPARATUS BASED ON A KNOWLEDGE GRAPH
Technical Field
The present invention belongs to a field of information search filed, and in particular relates to an information aggregation method, device and a computer apparatus based on a knowledge graph
Background
Knowledge Graph describes concepts, entities and their relationships in the objective world in a structured form, expresses Internet information in a form closer to the human cognitive world, and provides a better ability to organize, manage and understand the massive amount of information on the Internet. Knowledge Graph brings vitality to Internet semantic search and shows strong power in intelligent Q&A at the same time, and has thus become an infrastructure of Internet knowledge-driven intelligent applications. Together with Big Data and Deep Learning, Knowledge Graph has become one of the core driving forces that promote the development of the Internet and artificial intelligence However, the current search based on a knowledge graph is overly dependent on the information completeness of the knowledge graph. When some information in the knowledge graph is missing or not updated in time, the search effect will be affected. In addition, a lot of information is currently stored in a distributed manner on the network and is difficult to be completely stored in a knowledge graph. Therefore, it is important to improve inquiry satisfaction when the information of a knowledge graph is incomplete. Meanwhile, an urgent problem in the field of knowledge discovery is how to use distributed data on the network.
Summary
An object of the present invention: aiming at the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an information aggregation method based on a knowledge graph, by which information can be acquired collectively from the knowledge graph and a Web service, and the inquiry effect when the information of the knowledge graph is incomplete can be improved with distributed data on the network.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an information aggregation device and a computer apparatus based on a knowledge graph.
Technical solutions are: according to a first aspect of the present invention, an information aggregation method based on a knowledge graph is provided, which includes the following steps: adding Web service description information to the knowledge graph; performing information inquiry based on the knowledge graph, and acquiring associated 10 Web service information according to an input inquiry statement; and fusing a knowledge graph inquiry result and a returned Web service inquiry result. Further, the adding Web service description information to the knowledge graph includes: creating a description entity for each Web service in the knowledge graph, attributes of the entity including a service ID, a service name and a WSDL address provided by a service publisher; and adding a relationship with another entity for the Web service entity to describe data that can be provided by the Web service.
Further, the performing information inquiry based on the knowledge graph includes: performing word segmentation with a word segmentation tool on the statement inquired by a user; and adding a type description to a word segmentation result, constructing a knowledge graph inquiry statement based on a result after adding, the description, and inquiring related information in the knowledge graph.
Further, the acquiring associated Web service information according to an input inquiry
statement includes:
calculating a similarity between the input inquiry statement and the Web service description based on the word segmentation result; and ranking according to the similarity of the Web service and returning several Web service inquiry results.
Further, the fusing a knowledge graph inquiry result and a returned Web service inquiry result includes: if there is only the knowledge graph or only one returned Web service inquiry result, data fision is not required in the final inquiry result; arid if the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result, returning the most credible result by a truth value discovery algorithm.
According to each returned result, the truth value discovery algorithm calculates voting values of data sources for the result based on indicators of reliability and request times of all data sources by setting weights on the indicators, and returns the result with the highest number of votes.
Further, the method includes: synchronously returning the most credible result to other data sources when the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result, so as to provide a data source manager with reference for modification.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, an information aggregation device based on a knowledge graph is provided, which includes: a knowledge graph constructing module, an inquiry module and an information fusion module, wherein the knowledge graph constructing module is configured to add Web service description information to the knowledge graph; the inquiry module is configured to perform information inquiry based on the knowledge graph, and acquire associated Web service information according to an input inquiry statement; and the information fusion module is configured to fuse a knowledge graph inquiry result and a returned Web service inquiry result.
Further, the process that the knowledge graph constructing module adds Web service description information to the knowledge graph includes: creating a description entity for each Web service in the knowledge graph, attributes of the entity including a service ID, a service name and a WSDL address; and adding a relationship with another entity for the Web service entity to describe data that can be provided by the Web service.
Further, the device also includes an update module, which is configured to update the knowledge graph when the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result and the information provided by the Web service is the latest information. According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer apparatus is provided, which includes: one or more processors; a storage; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the storage and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors; and the program, when being executed by the processor, enables the processor to perform the steps according to the first aspect of the present invention.
Beneficial effects are: according to the present invention, Web service description information is added to the knowledge graph, and corresponding search schemes are provided for different data sources, so that both the inquiry result of the knowledge graph and the inquiry result based on the Web service can be provided simultaneously when a user inquires, and richer inquiry results can be obtained from various date sources. Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a data fusion scheme for search results of different data sources and a knowledge graph data update scheme, so as to make information inquiry more accurate. The method has favorable operability and scalability.
Brief Description of Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an information aggregation method based on a knowledge graph according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a process diagram of a knowledge graph entity construction process according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a construction result of a knowledge graph entity according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a construction result of knowledge graph relationships according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a construction result of a knowledge graph Web service according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 is a process diagram of information inquiry and aggregation based on a knowledge graph according to an embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 7 is a structural block diagram of an information aggregation device based on a knowledge graph according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Technical solutions of the present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments provided below are only intended to disclose the present invention in detail and completely, and to fully convey the technical concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The present invention may also be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The terms in the exemplary embodiments represented in the drawings are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to Fig. I, in an embodiment, an information aggregation method based on a knowledge graph includes the following steps: Step S 10, Web service description information is added to the knowledge graph.
In the method of the present invention, Web service description information may be added to an existing knowledge graph, or a local knowledge graph may be constructed first and then the Web service description information may be added on this basis. Existing knowledge graphs are, for example, current representative large-scale network knowledge bases including DBpedia, Freebase, YAGO, etc., or may also be knowledge graphs constructed by users themselves. Referring to Fig. 2, in an embodiment, taking the construction of a knowledge graph in the air traffic management field as an example, there are a large amount of structured data in the air traffic management information, such as flight plans, airport information, geographic information, airlines, weather information and the like.
These structured data may be added to the knowledge graph as entities. The attribute value of each entity may be a simple type of numeric value/string, etc., or other entities.
For an attribute of a simple type, it is directly configured as an attribute of the entity itself when the entity is created. Taking the airport information in Table 1 as an example, a method of creating a Capital International Airport entity based on neo4j is: CREATE (n:AirportHCAOLD:"ZBAA",IATAIDTPEK1 name:"Beijing Capital International Airport")). Other entities may be created in a similar way. As neo4j provides a JAVA interface, the above process can be executed automatically through programs. Created entities are shown in Fig. 3.
Table 1 Airoort Information Airport Name IATA Code ICAO Code Capital International PEK ZBAA Airport Pudong International PVG ZSPD Airport For a case where the attribute value of an entity is another entity, a relationship between the entities is required to be constructed. The relationship name is generally related to the data type of another entity. Taking the flight plan information in Table 2 as an example, a flight plan contains a departure airport, Beijing Capital International Airport, and a landing airport, Shanghai Hongqiao Airport, then the flight plan is associated with Beijing Capital International Airport entity through DepartFrom, and is associated with Shanghai Hongqiao Airport through ArriveAt. The construction statement based on neo4j is: MATCH (n:FlightPlan HID:"MU564")),(m:Airport ICAOLD:"ZBAA" ) ) CREATE (n-[r:ArriveAt]->m) RETURN r. Created results are shown in Fig. 4. Weather, runway and other information contained in Fig. 4 will not be listed in a table in detail herein.
Table 2 Flight Plan Information Flight Departure Time Landing Time Departure Landing Airline Aircraft Plan Airport Airport Name MU564 6:55 9:25 Pudong Capital China Eastern Airlines Airbus 33L International Airport International Airport CA1817 8:40 10:40 Capital Nanjing Lukou Air China Airbus International Airport 32A Airport When a Web service publisher adds a Web service to the knowledge graph, it is actually the description information of the Web service being added instead of all the information that can be provided by the Web. When a user needs to inquire related data, he/she searches a suitable Web service and sends a request thereto. A method of adding the description information of the Web service is: first, a description entity is created for each Web service in the knowledge graph, wherein the attributes of the entity include a service TD, a service name and a WSDL address; then, a relationship between the Web service entity and another entity is added to describe the data that can be provided by the Web service. In the embodiment, the service entity is constructed based on neo4j, and the construction statement is: CREATE (n:WebService{ID:"North China Metar", name:" North China Weather Inquiry Service", wsdl:"http://WebServiceURL/NorthChinaMetar?wsdl")).
After the Web service entity is created, a relationship between the Web service entity and another entity is required to be added to support more accurate service discovery. The name of the relationship between the Web service and another entity is generally represented by hasDescription. For North China Weather Service, the description may be created as MATCH (n:WebService {ID:"North China Metar"}),(m:Metar{ID:"Weather Information")) CREATE (n-IrhasDescriptionpm) RETURN r. Since the Web services involved are mainly data services rather than computing services, computing functions are not required to be described. The Web service with added description information is shown in Fig. 5, Step S20, information inquiry is performed based on the knowledge graph, and associated Web service information is acquired according to an input inquiry statement. Referring to Fig. 6, a process of information inquiry and aggregation based on the knowledge graph constructed in step S10 is shown. When a user submits an inquiry request, the statement inquired by the user is first segmented by a word segmentation tool. There are many word segmentation tools currently available, such as jieba, HanLP, etc., which can be selected according to specific business requirements.
After the word segmentation, a necessary data type description is added to the word segmentation result, and the knowledge graph inquiry statement is constructed according to the result with the added description. There are also many ways to construct inquiry statements, one of which easy to be implemented is based on template matching. Table 3 shows the correspondence between the user inquiry statement templates and the knowledge graph inquiry statements. After an inquiry statement is input by the user, it is compared with the user inquiry statement templates to calculate the similarity. Current word segmentation software generally directly supports statement similarity calculation. The most similar statement template is selected, and the keyword in the corresponding knowledge graph inquiry statement is replaced with the keyword in the user inquiry statement. For example, a user inquiry statement is "which is the landing airport of MU5183". Based on the fact that this statement is most similar to the flight landing airport template and according to the word segmentation result, MU5183 conforms to the flight plan number. Here, the flight plan number may be implemented through a regular expression, and a number that matches the first two letters and the last four digits can be considered as the flight plan number. The segmentation result is "which is the landing airport of flight plan MU5183". Replace FlightPlanNo in the knowledge graph inquiry statement with MU5183, then the inquiry statement can be constructed as MATCH (nilightPlanlID:"MU5 1_83"})-[rDepartFrom]-> (m:Airport) RETURN m to obtain the result.
Table 3 Knowledge Graph Inquiry Statement
User Inquiry Statement Knowledge Graph Inquiry Statement Template Airport Weather MATCH (n: Airport {name. AirportName -))1r:hasMetar]->(m: Metar) RETURN m Flight Departure MATCH (n:FlightPlan{ID:"FlightPlanNo"})-[r:DepartFromp (m Airport) RETURN m Airport Flight Landing Airport MATCH (n:FlightPlanI1D:"FlightPlanNo"Nr:ArriveAtk> (m: Airport) RETURN m -8 -The web service discovery process is similar to the template matching method, in which the Web service most similar to the user inquiry statement is found out before returning the service information. When the user searches for "which is the landing airport of MU5183", the most similar service is the flight data inquiry service. The user searches the landing airport of MU5183 by matching the most relevant service inquiry statement according to the templates in Table 4. According to Table 5, the most matching statement is the flight departure and landing airport inquiry service. The user invokes the service according to a WSDL (Web Service Description Language) file automatically generated when the service is published WSDL contains messages, functions and other elements of the service, and describes how the service is invoked.
Table 4 Web Service Inquiry Statement
User Inquiry Statement Web Service Inquiry Statement Template Airport Weather MATCH (n: Web Service) -[r: hasDescription] ->( Metar) RETURN n Flight Departure MATCH (n: WebService)-[r: hasDescription]-> (m: Airport DepartureAirport) RETURN n Flight Landing Airport MATCH (n: WebServ ce)-[r: hasDescription]-> (m: ArrivalAirport) RETURN m Table 5 List of Web Se ces Web Service Web Service WSDL Address
Description
Airport Weather AirportMetar http://WebServiceURL/AirportMetar?wsdl Inquiry Service Flight Data Inquiry DepartureAirport, ArrivalAirport http://WebServiceURL/FlightData?wsdl Service North China Weather NorthChinaMetar http://WebServiceURL/NorthCh naMetar?w Service sdl Step S30, a knowledge graph inquiry result and a returned Web service inquiry result are fused.
If there is only the knowledge graph or only one returned Web service inquiry result, there will be only one final inquiry result, and at this time data fusion is not performed; if the knowledge graph is consistent with the returned Web service inquiry result and no data conflict occurs, fusion is not performed; and if the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result, a truth value discovery algorithm is configured to return the most credible result. According to each returned result, the truth value discovery algorithm calculates voting values of data sources for the result based on indicators such as reliability and request times of all data sources (the knowledge graph and each Web service), and returns the result with the highest number of votes.
Take the inquiry of the weather at Beijing Capital International Airport the next day as an example. The inquiry result in the knowledge graph is light rain, the airport weather inquiry service result is moderate rain, and the North China weather service inquiry result is light rain.
The returned results fall into two types: light rain and moderate rain. Each data source votes for the two types of results.
According to Table 6, the reliability and the request times are respectively set with weights of 100 and 0.5, and the numbers of votes of respective data sources are calculated through weighted sum, which are 230, 175 and 128, respectively. Finally, light rain is 358, and moderate rain is 175. The credible result is light rain.
Table 6 Reliability and Request Times of Data Sources Data Source Reliability Request Times Knowledge Graph 80% 300 Airport Weather 85% 180 Inquiry Service North China Weather 78% 100 Service -10 -Step S40, updating the knowledge graph.
The most credible result is returned to each data source according to the data fusion result when the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result, so as to provide a data publisher with reference for modification.
Referring to Fig. 7, in another embodiment, an information aggregation device based on a knowledge graph is provided, which includes a knowledge graph constructing module, an inquiry module, an information fusion module and an update module, wherein the knowledge graph constructing module is configured to add Web service description information to the knowledge graph; the inquiry module is configured to perform information inquiry based on the knowledge graph, and acquire associated Web service information according to an input inquiry statement; the information fusion module is configured to fuse a knowledge graph inquiry result and a returned Web service inquiry result; and the update module is configured to update the knowledge graph.
The knowledge graph constructing module may add Web service description information to an existing knowledge graph. The method of adding Web service description information is: first, a description entity is created for each Web service in the knowledge graph, wherein the attributes of the entity include a service 1D, a service name and a WSDL address; then, a relationship between the Web service entity and another entity is added to describe the data that can be provided by the Web service.
Optionally or alternatively, the knowledge graph constructing module may construct a local knowledge graph and then add web service description information on this basis. Taking the construction of a knowledge graph in the air traffic management field as an example, there are a large amount of structured data in the air traffic management information, such as flight plans, airport information, geographic information, airlines, weather information and the like.
These structured data may be added to the knowledge graph as entities. The attribute value of each entity may be a simple type of numeric value/string, etc., or other entities. For an attribute of a simple type, it is directly configured as an attribute of the entity itself when the entity is created. For a case where the attribute value of an entity is another entity, a -11 -relationship between the entities is required to be constructed. The relationship name is generally related to the data type of another entity. For a specific construction example, reference may be made to the description in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
The inquiry module uses a word segmentation tool to segment the user inquiry statement, adds a necessary data type description to the word segmentation result, constructs the knowledge graph inquiry statement based on the result with the added description, and inquiries relevant information in the knowledge graph. There are also many ways to construct inquiry statements, one of which easy to be implemented is based on template matching. After an inquiry statement is input by the user, it is compared with the user inquiry statement templates to calculate the similarity. Current word segmentation software generally directly supports statement similarity calculation. The inquiry module selects the most similar statement template, and replaces the keyword in the corresponding knowledge graph inquiry statement with the keyword in the user inquiry statement. The web service discovery process is similar to the template matching method. The inquiry module finds out the Web service most similar to the user inquiry statement and returns the service information. The user invokes the service according to the wsdl address.
The fusion method of the information fusion module is as follows: If there is only the knowledge graph or only returned Web service inquiry result, there will be only one final inquiry result, and fusion is not performed; if the knowledge graph is consistent with the returned Web service inquiry result and no data conflict occurs, fusion is not performed; and if the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result, a truth value discovery algorithm is configured to return the most credible result. According to each returned result, the truth value discovery algorithm calculates voting values of data sources for the result based on indicators such as reliability and request times of all data sources (the knowledge graph and each Web service), and returns the result with the highest number of votes.
The update module returns the most credible result to each data source according to the data fusion result when the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service -12 -inquiry result, so as to provide a data publisher with reference for modification.
Based on the same technical idea as the method embodiments and according to another embodiment of the present invention, a computer apparatus is provided, which includes: one or more processors; a storage; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the storage and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors; and the program, when being executed by the processor, enables the processor to perform the respective steps according to the method embodiments.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, a system or a computer program product. Therefore, the forms of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware may be used in the present invention. Moreover, the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes may be used in the present invention.
The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of the methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and/or block in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams, and the combination of processes and/or blocks in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions.
These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, so that through the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, device that implements the functions specified in a process or multiple processes in the flowcharts and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagrams is produced.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured article including an instruction device, which implements the functions -13 -specified in a process or multiple processes in the flowcharts and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagrams.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce computer-implemented processing, thereby providing steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowcharts and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagrams through the instructions execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements of specific embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be encompassed by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
-14 -
Claims (11)
- WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. An information aggregation method based on a knowledge graph, comprising the following steps: adding Web service description information to the knowledge graph; performing information inquiry based on the knowledge graph, and acquiring associated Web service information according to an input inquiry statement; and fusing a knowledge graph inquiry result and a returned Web service inquiry result.
- 2. The information aggregation method based on the knowledge graph according to claim 1, wherein the adding Web service description information to the knowledge graph 10 comprises: creating a description entity for each Web service in the knowledge graph, attributes of the entity comprising a service ID, a service name and a WSDL address provided by a service publisher; and adding a relationship with another entity for the Web service entity to describe data that can be provided by the Web service.
- 3. The information aggregation method based on the knowledge graph according to claim I, wherein the performing information inquiry based on the knowledge graph comprises: performing word segmentation with a word segmentation tool on the statement inquired by a user; and adding a type description to a word segmentation result, constructing a knowledge graph inquiry statement based on a result after adding the description, and inquiring related information in the knowledge graph.
- 4. The information aggregation method based on the knowledge graph according to claim 3, wherein the acquiring associated Web service information according to the inputinquiry statement comprises:calculating a similarity between the input inquiry statement and the Web service description based on the word segmentation result; and ranking according to the similarity of the Web service and returning several Web service inquiry results.
- 5. The information aggregation method based on the knowledge graph according to claim 1, wherein the fusing the knowledge graph inquiry result and the returned Web service inquiry result comprises: if there is only the knowledge graph or only one returned Web service inquiry result, not performing data fusion; and if the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result, returning the most credible result by a truth value discovery algorithm.
- 6. The information aggregation method based on the knowledge graph according to claim 5, wherein according to each returned result, the truth value discovery algorithm calculates voting values of data sources for the result based on indicators of reliability and request times of all data sources by setting weights on the indicators, and returns the result with the highest number of votes.
- 7. The information aggregation method based on the knowledge graph according to claim lfurther comprising: synchronously returning the most credible result to other data sources when the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result, so as to provide a data source manager with reference for modification.
- 8. An information aggregation device based on a knowledge graph, comprising a knowledge graph constructing module, an inquiry module and an information fusion module, wherein the knowledge graph constructing module is configured to add Web service description information to the knowledge graph; the inquiry module is configured to perform information inquiry based on the knowledge graph, and acquire associated Web service information according to an input inquiry statement; and the information fusion module is configured to fuse a knowledge graph inquiry result and a returned Web service inquiry result.
- 9. The information aggregation device based on the knowledge graph according to claim 8, wherein the process that the knowledge graph constructing module adds Web service description information to the knowledge graph comprises: creating a description entity for each Web service in the knowledge graph, attributes of the entity comprising a service ID, a service name and a WSDL address; and adding a relationship with another entity for the Web service entity to describe data that can be provided by the Web service.
- 10. The information aggregation device based on the knowledge graph according to claim 8, further comprising an update module, which is configured to synchronously return the most credible result to other data sources when the knowledge graph is inconsistent with the returned Web service inquiry result, so as to provide a data source manager with reference for modification.
- 11. A computer apparatus, comprising: one or more processors; a storage; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the storage and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors; and the program, when being executed by the processor, enables the processor to perform the steps according to any of claims 1-7.
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CN110825886A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 北京京航计算通讯研究所 | Knowledge graph fusion system |
CN111177400B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2023-07-25 | 国网能源研究院有限公司 | Knowledge graph-based equipment, business and data associated display method and device |
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