GB2588902A - Silicone coating - Google Patents

Silicone coating Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2588902A
GB2588902A GB1916456.5A GB201916456A GB2588902A GB 2588902 A GB2588902 A GB 2588902A GB 201916456 A GB201916456 A GB 201916456A GB 2588902 A GB2588902 A GB 2588902A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
coating
silicone rubber
liquid
liquid silicone
rubber component
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Pending
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GB1916456.5A
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GB201916456D0 (en
Inventor
Cain Miles
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to GB1916456.5A priority Critical patent/GB2588902A/en
Publication of GB201916456D0 publication Critical patent/GB201916456D0/en
Priority to PCT/EP2020/081483 priority patent/WO2021094249A1/en
Publication of GB2588902A publication Critical patent/GB2588902A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/128—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with silicon polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/35—Composite foams, i.e. continuous macromolecular foams containing discontinuous cellular particles or fragments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/005—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by blowing or swelling agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
    • D06N2205/02—Dispersion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
    • D06N2205/02—Dispersion
    • D06N2205/023—Emulsion, aqueous dispersion, latex
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
    • D06N2205/04—Foam
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2207/00—Treatments by energy or chemical effects
    • D06N2207/12—Treatments by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation
    • D06N2207/123—Treatments by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. IR, UV, actinic light, laser, X-ray, gamma-ray, microwave, radio frequency
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/10—Properties of the materials having mechanical properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/10—Properties of the materials having mechanical properties
    • D06N2209/106—Roughness, anti-slip, abrasiveness
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/10—Clothing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2213/00—Others characteristics
    • D06N2213/03—Fibrous web coated on one side with at least two layers of the same polymer type, e.g. two coatings of polyolefin
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0006—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using knitted fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0081—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments by wave energy or particle radiation

Abstract

A water-in-oil emulsion is formed by combining: a first liquid silicone rubber component comprising: 95% to 99.9% of a first liquid silicone rubber, and 0.1% to 5 % of aqueous-liquid containing phase; and a second liquid silicone rubber component comprising substantially 100% of a second liquid silicone rubber, in which at least one silicone rubber components includes a catalyst. The emulsion is applied to a substrate to provide a silicone coating. The coating is cured using a direct heat source to provide a foamed silicone coating comprising a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located therein and to embed at least a portion of the lower surface of the coating into the substrate. The preferred elastomer is platinum (Pt) catalyst polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The aqueous liquid is preferably water. The components have specified viscosities and shore A hardness. Preferably curing uses infrared (IR) to heat to 100-150°C. Preferably the cells are unevenly distributed. The friction producing coating is preferably applied to knitted, woven or non-woven material used in garments, especially hosiery, stockings, brassieres or dresses. The apparatus is also claimed.

Description

SILICONE COATING
The present invention relates to a silicone coating, and in particular to a foamed silicone composition for use on various pliable supports such as garments.
BACKGROUND
Silicone coatings are known to have good durability and anti-slip properties. Conventionally, silicone coatings have been applied to pliable supports, such as for example textiles including hosiery, stockings, brassieres or dresses, so as to reduce or prevent slipping or movement of garment while they are being worn by a user. It has however been found that the silicone coatings can cause discomfort and can irritate or inflame the skin of some users. The risk of discomfort is increased when garments are worn for prolonged periods of time.
There is therefore a need for a coating composition for use with pliable supports which has good durability and anti-slip properties whilst also have a reduced risk of irritating the skin of a user.
STATEMENT OF INVENTION
According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of forming a foamed silicone coating, comprising: forming a water-in-oil emulsion by combining: a first liquid silicone rubber component comprising: 95% to 99.9 % of a first liquid silicone rubber, and 0.1% to 5 % of aqueous-liquid containing phase; and a second liquid silicone rubber component comprising substantially 100% of a second liquid silicone rubber, in which at least one of the first liquid silicone rubber component and second liquid silicone rubber component comprises a catalyst; applying the water-in-oil emulsion to a substrate to provide a silicone coating comprising an upper free surface and an opposed lower surface configured to be in contact with the substrate; and curing the silicone coating using a direct heat source configured to apply heat to the upper free surface of the coating to provide a foamed silicone coating comprising a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located therein and to embed at least a portion of the lower surface of the coating into the substrate.
The water-in-oil emulsion may be applied to the substrate prior to curing the coating. In one embodiment, the water-in-oil emulsion may be applied to the substrate as a coating while being simultaneously cured by exposure to the direct heat source.
Any suitable direct heat source may be used to cure the coating. Preferably, the direct heat source is an infra red heat source.
The silicone coating may be cured at any suitable temperature. Preferably, the silicone coating is cured at a temperature in the range of from 100 °C to 150 °C.
In one embodiment, the water in oil emulsion comprises a ratio of first liquid silicone rubber component to second silicone rubber component in the range of between 1: 10 and 10:1, preferably in the range of between 1: 5 and 5: 1, more preferably in the range of between 1: 2 and 2: 1, for
example about 1:1.
In one embodiment, the first liquid silicone rubber component comprises a first liquid silicone rubber having a shore A hardness in the range of between 20 and 30, preferably in the range of between 25 and 28, for example about 26.
In one embodiment, the second liquid silicone rubber comprises a shore A hardness in the range of between 30 and 50, preferably between 35 and 45, for example about 40.
In one embodiment, the water in oil emulsion has a shore A hardness in the range of between 1 and 10, preferably between 5 and 10, for example about 7.
In one embodiment, the viscosity of the first liquid silicone rubber component is in the region of between 90 and 120.
In one embodiment, the viscosity of the second liquid silicone rubber component is in the region of between 140 and 150.
The catalyst may be any suitable catalyst. In one embodiment, the catalyst is a platinum catalyst.
The first and/or second liquid silicone rubber may for example comprise one or more water based silicone elastomers. Preferably, one or more, preferably each, of the first and/or second liquid silicone rubber comprises organopolysiloxanes. In one embodiment, one or more, preferably each, of the first and/or second liquid silicone rubber comprises a platinum catalyst polydimethylsiloxane.
In one embodiment, the aqueous liquid is water. The water may for example be present as one or more of: distilled, still, carbonated water, or a mixture thereof.
In one embodiment, the weight of the foamed silicone coating is in the range of between 1 g/m and 50 g/m, preferably between 3 g/m and 50 g/m, for example between 3 g/m and 15 g/m.
It is to be understood that the foamed silicone coating may have any suitable thickness and/or width depending on the requirements for the coating.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a foamed silicone coating comprising an upper free surface and an opposed lower surface, in which the foamed silicone coating comprises a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located between the upper free surface and lower surface thereof.
The foamed silicone coating may be formed from a water-in-oil emulsion prepared by combining: a first liquid silicone rubber component comprising: 99.4% to 99.9 % of a first liquid silicone rubber, and 0.1% to 0.6% of aqueous-liquid containing phase; and a second liquid silicone rubber component comprising 100% of a second liquid silicone rubber.
The lower surface is preferably configured to be contacted with or embedded into a contact surface, such as for example a surface of a garment, such as for example a surface of one or more of: hosiery, stockings, brassieres or dresses, The centre-point of the coating may extend midway between the upper free surface and the opposed lower surface thereof. The upper region of the coating is herein defined as being the region extending between the centre-point and the upper free surface of the coating. The lower region of the coating is herein defined as being the region extending between the centre-point and the lower surface of the coating.
In one embodiment, the coating comprises two layers located between the upper free surface and the opposed lower surface of the coating. For example, the coating may comprise a first layer providing a lower region of a coating and a second layer providing an upper region of a coating. In one embodiment, a first layer is located adjacent, and preferably providing, the lower surface of the coating; and a second layer is located adjacent, and preferably providing, the upper free surface of the coating.
In one embodiment, one of the first and second layers, preferably the first layer, may for example be a barrier layer.
In one embodiment, a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells may be located within or at surface the upper region of the coating. In a further embodiment, the majority of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells may be located within the upper region of the coating, for example more than 50%, preferably more than 60%, more preferably more than 80%, more preferably more than 90%, for example about 95% of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells may be located within the upper region of the coating. For example, between 50% and 95%, preferably between 60% and 90% of the aqueous-liquid containing closed cells may be located within the upper region of the coating. In one embodiment, the upper surface and/or the upper region of the coating preferably comprises substantially all of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells.
In a further embodiment, the minority of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells may be located within the lower region of the coating, for example less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, more preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 10%, for example about 5% of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells may be located within the lower region of the coating. For example, between 5% and 50%, preferably between 10% and 40% of the aqueous-liquid containing closed cells may be located within the lower region of the coating. In one embodiment, the lower surface and/or the lower region of the coating is preferably substantially free from aqueous liquid-containing closed cells.
In a further embodiment, the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells may be uniformly dispersed within the coating.
The volume of each aqueous liquid-containing closed cell within the coating may be uniform. In other embodiments, the coating may comprise a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells with varying volumes.
The total volume is the sum of the volume of all of the aqueous liquid containing closed cells within the coating or a particular region of a coating.
In one embodiment, the total volume of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located within the upper region of the coating may be greater than the total volume of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located within the lower region of the coating.
In one embodiment, the total volume of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located within the lower region of the coating may be greater than the total volume of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located within the upper region of the coating.
In one embodiment, one or more regions of the coating, for example the upper or lower regions of the coating, may be substantially free of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells.
The presence of the aqueous-liquid containing closed cells help provide a malleable upper region of the silicone coating which enables the coating to have an improved ability to conform to the shape of the user's skin or contact surface.
In a further embodiment, the upper free surface provides a plurality of open cells. These open cells may act as micro-suckers and therefore provide increased friction and improved grip between the upper free surface of the coating and the skin of a user or an external contact surface. The presence of the micro-suckers reduces the relative movement between the coating and/or garment and the user's skin and thereby reduces any irritation which could potentially be caused by such undesirable movement.
The present invention therefore provides an improved silicone coating with an improved ability to conform to a user's skin or contact surface whilst also providing increased friction and improved grip through the presence of the aqueous liquid-containing closed cells and optionally the open cells provided on the upper surface of the coating.
According to a third aspect, the present invention provides a garment comprising a foamed silicone coating as herein described located on at least one surface of the garment to generate in use friction between a wearer's skin and the garment, and/or an external contact surface and the garment.
The surface(s) of the garment may be composed of any suitable material. Examples of suitable materials include, but are not limited to, one or more of: knitted, woven or non-woven material.
According to a further aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for forming a foamed silicone coating on a substrate, the apparatus comprising: a water-in-oil emulsion dispensing unit having a dispensing head for dispensing a water-in-oil emulsion formed by combining: a first liquid silicone rubber component comprising: 95% to 99.9 % of a first liquid silicone rubber, and 0.1% to 5 % of aqueous-liquid containing phase; and a second liquid silicone rubber component comprising substantially 100% of a second liquid silicone rubber, in which at least one of the first liquid silicone rubber component and second liquid silicone rubber component comprises a catalyst; and to provide a silicone coating comprising an upper free surface and a lower surface configured to be in contact with a substrate; and a direct heat source configured to emit heat to the upper free surface of the silicone coating.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying Figures:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a foamed silicone coating according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a foamed silicone coating according to a further embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a foamed silicone coating according to a further embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a foamed silicone two-layer coating according to a further embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a foamed silicone two-layer coating according to a further embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a foamed silicone two-layer coating according to a further embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a foamed silicone coating according to the embodiment of Figure 1 in which the upper surface has open cells; Figure 8 is a flow diagram of the method of forming a foamed silicone coating according to an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Each of Figures 1 to 7 illustrates a foamed silicone coating 2a-c, 2a-c' comprising an upper free surface 4a-c, 4a-c' and an opposed lower surface 6a-c, 6a-c'. The lower surface 6a-c, 6a-c' is configured to be contacted with, preferably embedded within, a contact surface, such as for example a surface of a garment (not shown). The garment may be composed of any suitable material. Examples of suitable materials include, but are not limited to, one or more of: knitted, woven or non-woven material.
The foamed silicone coating 2a-c, 2a-c' of the present invention is produced according to the method illustrated in the flow diagram of Figure 8.
The first stage is to form a water-in-oil emulsion by combining a first liquid silicone rubber component comprising: 99.5% of a first liquid silicone rubber, and 0.5% of aqueous-liquid containing phase; and a second liquid silicone rubber component comprising 100% of a second liquid silicone rubber. The first liquid silicone rubber component comprises a platinum catalyst.
The ratio of the first liquid silicone rubber component to the second liquid silicone rubber component is approximately 1:1.
The water-in-oil emulsion is then applied to a substrate of a garment to provide a silicone coating illustrated in Figures 1 to 6 comprising an upper free surface 4a-c, 4a-c' and an opposed lower surface 6a-c, 6a-c' in contact with the substrate.
The silicone coating is then cured using a direct heat source provided by an IR heat source configured to apply heat at a temperature in the range of 100 °C to 150 °C to the upper free surface 4a-c, 4a-c' of the coating 2a-c, 2a-c' to provide a foamed silicone coating comprising a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells 8a-c,8a-c' located therein and to also embed at the lower surface of the coating 2a-c, 2a-c' into the substrate.
The number and volume of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells 8a-c,8a-c' present within the foamed silicone coating of the present invention will depend on a number of factors including: the thickness of the coating; the temperature and duration of the applied heat from the heat source; and the ratio of the first liquid silicone rubber component to the second liquid silicone rubber component within the water-in-oil emulsion.
As illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, the coating of the present invention may be provided as a single layer foamed silicone coating. In other embodiments of the present invention, as illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, the coating of the present invention may be provided as a two layer foamed silicone coating comprising a first layer 10a-c' located adjacent the upper region of the coating; and a second layer 12a-c' located adjacent the lower region of the coating. The two layers may be secured together by adhesive or by heat curing.
Figures 1 and 4 illustrate a foamed silicone coating comprising a uniform distribution of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells 8a, 8a' between the upper free surface 4a, 4a' and the lower surface 6a, 6a' of the coating 2a, 2a'. The aqueous liquid-containing closed cells 8a, 8a' are of uniform volume throughout the coating.
Figures 2 and 5 illustrate a foamed silicone coating comprising a greater volume of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells Sb, 8b' located adjacent the lower surface 6b, 6b' than adjacent the upper free surface 4b, 4b' of the coating 2b, 2W. In the illustrated embodiment, the number density of aqueous liquid containing closed cells Sb, Sb' located adjacent the upper free surface 4b, 4b' is approximately equal to the number density of aqueous liquid containing closed cells Sb, 8b' located adjacent the lower surface 6b, 6b'. The aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8b, 8b' located adjacent the upper free surface 4b, 4b' are smaller in volume than the aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8b, 8b' located adjacent lower surface 6b, 6b'. It is however to be understood that the foamed coating 2b, 2b' may comprise a smaller number of aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8b, 8b' located adjacent the upper surface 4b, 4b' than the number of aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8b, 8b' located adjacent the lower surface 6b, 6b'. Furthermore, the aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8b, 8b' located adjacent the upper surface 4b, 4b' may be smaller in number but of equal dimension to the aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8b, 8b' located adjacent the lower surface 6b, 6b'.
Figures 3 and 6 illustrate a foamed silicone coating comprising a greater volume of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent the upper surface 4c, 4c' than adjacent the lower free surface 6c, 6c' of the coating 2c, 2c'. In the illustrated embodiment, the number density of aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent the lower free surface 6c, 6c' is approximately equal to the number density of aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent the upper surface 4c, 4c'. The aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent the lower free surface 6c, 6c' are smaller in volume than the aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent upper surface 4c, 4c'. It is however to be understood that the foamed coating 2c, 2c' may comprise a smaller number of aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent the lower surface 6c, 6c' than the number of aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent the upper surface 4c, 4c'. Furthermore, the aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent the lower surface 6c, 6c' may be smaller in number but of equal dimension to the aqueous liquid containing closed cells 8c, 8c' located adjacent the upper surface 4c, 4c'. The number and volume of aqueous liquid containing closed cells located within the coating may depend on a number of factors including the intensity and duration of the heat applied by the direct heat source.
With regards to the two-layer foamed coatings illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, the thickness (as measured in a direction extending between the upper surface 4a-c' and the lower surface 6a-c' of the coating 2a-c') of each of the first and second layers 10a-c', 12a-c' is substantially uniform. It is however to be understood that the relative thickness of the first and second layers 10a-c', 12a-c' may vary depending on the particular requirements for the coating.
The two layer foamed coating may be prepared by applying a first layer 10a-c' of foamed coating comprising a first number density and a first volume of aqueous liquid containing closed cells to the substrate to provide the lower region of the coating 2a-c'. A second layer 12a-c' of foamed coating comprising a second number density and a second volume of aqueous liquid containing closed cells may then be applied to the free surface of the first layer 10a-c to provide the upper region of the coating 2a-c'. It is to be understood that the number density and volume of aqueous liquid containing closed cells within each of the first and second layers 10a-c', 12a-c' of the coating 2a-c' may be selected depending on the particular requirements for the coating 2a-c'.
As illustrated in Figure 7, the upper surface 4a may provide a plurality of open cells 14a. It is to be understood that the upper surface 4 of any of the coatings of the present invention, whether a single layer or a two layer coating, may comprise open cells. These open cells 14a have been found to act as micro-suckers and therefore provide increased friction and improved grip between the upper free surface of the coating and the skin of a user or an external contact surface. The presence of the micro-suckers reduces the relative movement between the coating and/or garment and the user's skin and thereby reduces any irritation which could potentially be caused by such undesirable movement.
It is to be understood that although the illustrated embodiments of the coating show aqueous liquid-containing closed cells in both the upper and lower regions of the coating, that one or more regions may be substantially free of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells. In particular, the lower region of the coating may be substantially free of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells.

Claims (24)

  1. CLAIMS1. A method of forming a foamed silicone coating, comprising: forming a water-in-oil emulsion by combining: a first liquid silicone rubber component comprising: 95% to 99.9 % of a first liquid silicone rubber, and 0.1% to 5 % of aqueous-liquid containing phase; and a second liquid silicone rubber component comprising substantially 100% of a second liquid silicone rubber, in which at least one of the first liquid silicone rubber component and second liquid silicone rubber component comprises a catalyst; and applying the water-in-oil emulsion to a substrate to provide a silicone coating comprising an upper free surface and an opposed lower surface configured to be in contact with the substrate; and curing the silicone coating using a direct heat source configured to apply heat to the upper free surface of the coating to provide a foamed silicone coating comprising a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located therein and to embed at least a portion of the lower surface of the coating into the substrate.
  2. 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the direct heat source is an infra red heat source.
  3. 3. A method as claimed in either of claims 1 and 2, in which the silicone coating is cured at a temperature in the range of from 100 °C to 150 °C.
  4. 4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the first liquid silicone rubber component comprises a first liquid silicone rubber having a shore A hardness in the range of between 20 and 30.
  5. 5. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the second liquid silicone rubber comprises a shore A hardness in the range of between 30 and 50.
  6. 6. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the water in oil emulsion has a shore A hardness in the range of between 1 and 10.
  7. 7. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, the viscosity of the first liquid silicone rubber component is in the region of between 90 and 120.
  8. 8 A method as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the viscosity of the second liquid silicone rubber component is in the region of between 140 and 150.
  9. 9. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, in which one or more of the first and/or second liquid silicone rubber comprises one or more water based silicone elastomers.
  10. 10. A method as claimed in claim 9, in which one or more of the first and/or second liquid silicone rubber comprises organopolysiloxanes.
  11. 11. A method as claimed in 10, in which one or more of the first and/or second liquid silicone rubber comprises a platinum catalyst polydimethylsiloxane.
  12. 12. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the aqueous liquid is water.
  13. 13. A method as claimed in claim 12, in which water is one or more of: distilled, still, carbonated water, or a mixture thereof.
  14. 14. A foamed silicone coating comprising an upper free surface and an opposed lower surface, in which the foamed silicone coating comprises a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells located between the upper free surface and lower surface thereof.
  15. 15. A foamed silicone coating as claimed in claim 14, in which a plurality of aqueous liquid-containing closed cells are located within the upper region of the coating.
  16. 16. A foamed silicone coating as claimed in either of claims 14 and 15, in which the lower surface and/or the lower region of the coating is substantially free from aqueous liquid-containing closed cells.
  17. 17. A foamed silicone coating as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 16, in which the upper free surface provides a plurality of open cells.
  18. 18. A foamed silicone coating as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 17, in which the coating is formed from liquid silicone rubber.
  19. 19. A foamed silicone coating as claimed in claim 18 in which the coating is formed from a water-in-oil emulsion formed from a first liquid silicone rubber component comprising: 95% to 99.9 % of a first liquid silicone rubber, and 0.1% to 5 % of aqueous-liquid containing phase; and a second liquid silicone rubber component comprising substantially 100% of a second liquid silicone rubber, in which at least one of the first liquid silicone rubber component and second liquid silicone rubber component comprises a catalyst; and
  20. 20. A foamed silicone coating as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 19 in which the aqueous liquid is water.
  21. 21. A coating as claimed in claim 20, in which water is one or more of: distilled, still, carbonated water, or a mixture thereof.
  22. 22. A garment comprising a foamed silicone coating as claimed in any one of claim 14 to 21 located on at least one surface of the garment to generate in use friction between a wearer's skin and the garment, and/or an external contact surface and the garment.
  23. 23. A garment as claimed in claim 22, in which the surface(s) of the garment comprises one or more of: knitted, woven or non-woven material.
  24. 24. An apparatus for apparatus for forming a foamed silicone coating on a substrate, the apparatus comprising: a water-in-oil emulsion dispensing unit having a dispensing head for dispensing a water-in-oil emulsion formed by combining: a first liquid silicone rubber component comprising: 95% to 99.9 % of a first liquid silicone rubber, and 0.1% to 5 % of aqueous-liquid containing phase; and a second liquid silicone rubber component comprising substantially 100% of a second liquid silicone rubber, in which at least one of the first liquid silicone rubber component and second liquid silicone rubber component comprises a catalyst; to provide a silicone coating comprising an upper free surface and a lower surface configured to be in contact with a substrate; and a direct heat source configured to emit heat to the upper free surface of the silicone coating.
GB1916456.5A 2019-11-12 2019-11-12 Silicone coating Pending GB2588902A (en)

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GB1916456.5A GB2588902A (en) 2019-11-12 2019-11-12 Silicone coating
PCT/EP2020/081483 WO2021094249A1 (en) 2019-11-12 2020-11-09 Silicone coating

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CN113214697A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-08-06 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 Organic silicon foaming connection coating and preparation method thereof

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EP0123073A1 (en) * 1983-03-17 1984-10-31 General Electric Company Low density silicone foam compositions and method for making
GB2192562A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-01-20 Gen Electric Silicone foam backed flame retardant fabrics
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GB2016493A (en) * 1978-03-13 1979-09-26 Gen Electric Silicone foam-composition which has burn resistant properties
EP0123073A1 (en) * 1983-03-17 1984-10-31 General Electric Company Low density silicone foam compositions and method for making
GB2192562A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-01-20 Gen Electric Silicone foam backed flame retardant fabrics
US5356940A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-10-18 H. B. Fuller Licensing & Financing, Inc. Process for producing a fine pored silicone foam
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