GB2586140A - Multi Threat-Proof glazed timber Door - Google Patents

Abstract

The door comprises a glazing unit which comprises a first pane 1 comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inward 4, a second pane 2 with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards and an interlayer 3 between the first and second pane. The door further comprises a timber door 6, glazing fixings 5 to secure the glazing unit and a thermally conductive material 7 located between the glazing unit and the timber door. The first and second pane may be the same or different form one another. The first pane may comprise toughened soda-lime silicate glass. There may be at least one additional pane. The coating may comprise an infra-red reflecting hard or soft coating. Also disclosed is the use of a glazing unit and a thermally conductive material within a timber door and a process for the manufacturing of a multi threat proof glazed door.

Description

MULTI THREAT-PROOF GLAZED TIMBER DOOR

FIELD

s The present specification relates to a multi threat-proof glazed timber door and processes for its manufacture. It also relates to the use of a glazing unit and a thermally conductive material, in a timber door, to form a multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

BACKGROUND

io Safety and security is a 21' century concern, and there is an increasing requirement for doors that will be resistant to, and conform to national standards for, more than one type of threat -for example fire, impact (e.g. impact by a person) or attack (e.g. attack with an implement).

An ideal multi threat resistant door is also cheap, mass produced and easy to fit. Timber doors satisfy these criteria in that they are easy to obtain, they are relatively inexpensive and they can be cut is to size easily. Timber doors are generally more fire resistant than standard PVC doors, and they are much less heavy and expensive than steel doors.

Glazed, rather than solid, doors are often preferred in order to allow the passage of light into enclosed spaces, and for visibility and safety reasons. Glazing is therefore widely used in both domestic environments (e.g. in double-glazed windows for homes) and in industrial settings. Most types of glazing rely on glass panes for support and to provided transparency, but the vulnerability of glass to thermal shock means that glazing is typically not well suited to environments where there is an inherent fire risk. To minimise fire safety issues, many countries impose national safety regulations that specify a certain fire resistance that needs to be exhibited by a glazed item such as a glazing unit, glazed partition, glazed facade, glazed door or glazed doorset (glazed door in a frame) in key locations such as an escape route or refuge area. This necessitates the requirement for specialist fire resistant glasses that are not vulnerable to thermal shock, or mitigate against the occurrence of thermal shock.

Additionally, national safety regulations may also specify the minimum impact resistance of a glazed item and the minimum anti-attack resistance of a glazed item. All these safety considerations and national requirements may necessitate the requirement for multi-threat resistant glazed items.

In much of Europe, regulations classify the fire resistance of a glazed specimen by measuring the minimum time for which the specimen maintains: (i) its structural integrity (termed E); (ii) its structural integrity and radiation reduction within specified limits (termed EW); and (iii) its structural integrity and insulation within specified limits (termed El); when exposed to a fire. Standard tests to determine the classification of the fire resistance typically involve exposing the one side of the specimen (the "fire side" or "hot side") to a fire and monitoring the integrity and/or temperature levels on the other side (the "cold side" or "non-fire side") over time.

Fire resistant glazing that comprises standard, non toughened glass in which the internal space between the glass panes is filled with an interlayer of aqueous fire-resistant gel (i.e. a hydrogel) is described in US 4264681 B [SAINT GOBAIN], WO 2003/061963 [FLAMRO], and WO 2009/071409 [FLAMRO]. Fire resistant glazing comprising silicate-based fire-resistant interlayers is also known (for s example WO 2008/084083 [PILKINGTON], WO 2008/053247 [PILKINGTON] and WO 2011/027163 [PILKINGTON]). Attack and impact resistance of this type of glazing is typically poor because the fire resistant interlayer is not particularly resistant to puncture.

Toughened glass such as soda-lime glass, is generally more fire-resistant than non-toughened glass. However, the attack resistance of toughened glass is typically poor because it is specifically io designed to fragment on breakage, and offers no resistance once broken.

Across much of Europe, regulations also classify the impact resistance of a glazed item by standard tests. In order to meet requirements for the top level of performance the glazed item must resist the pendulum soft body impact of a 50 kg object from a drop height of 190, 450 or 1200 mm. 1200 mm being the most stringent test and resulting in the top classification. Glasses capable of withstanding is such an impact are known (for example US5778629A [PET POLYMER EXTRUSION TECHNOLOGY Inc]), however they are rarely significantly fire resistant owing to the incorporation of highly flammable organic based interlayers.

The attack resistance of a glazed item can be classified by standard anti-attack tests that typically involve subjecting the glazed item to assault with various tools for fixed durations, e.g. a steel ball (lower resistance level) or an axe (higher resistance level). Impact resistant glasses are known (for example US5778629A [PET POLYMER EXTRUSION TECHNOLOGY Inc], EP0137613B1 [POST OFFICE; William Thomas "Lancing" Greathead]) however again, they are rarely significantly fire resistant rated owing to the use of highly flammable organic based interlayers.

The issue remains that standard anti-attack and impact resistant glazing generally fails to achieve fire resistance, and standard fire resistant glazing must generally be augmented with additional counterpanes (e.g. an additional pane of glass, that can be adhered to the main glass, and is used to enhance performance) in order to achieve high anti-attack and impact resistance. This results in an expensive glazing unit of substantial thickness. If a such a glazing unit is to be utilised in a timber door, the timber door must itself be of substantial thickness and strength in order to accommodate it, resulting in a heavy and expensive door.

The present inventors have surprisingly found that a glazing unit made up of a pane of coated toughened glass, a second pane with an optional coating, and an interlayer between the coated toughened glass and the optionally coated second pane, together with thermally conductive material between the glazing unit and timber door, can be utilised to make a relatively light and inexpensive glazed timber door that can successfully meet national multi-threat standards and therefore be suitable for use in construction, for example in schools, offices, public buildings, prisons, health institutes and social housing projects.

SUMMARY

s This specification describes, in part, a multi threat-proof glazed timber door comprising: 1. a glazing unit, wherein said glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; io c. an interlayer between a. and b.; 2. a timber door; 3. glazing fixings to secure the glazing unit; and 4. a thermally conductive material located between the glazing unit and the timber door.

This specification also describes, in part, the use of a glazing unit and a thermally conductive is material, in a timber door, to form a multi threat-proof glazed timber door, wherein the glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; c. an interlayer between a. and b.; and wherein the thermally conductive material is located between the glazing unit and the timber door. This specification also describes, in part, a process for the manufacture of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door comprising: 1. a glazing unit, wherein said glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; c. an interlayer between a. and b.; 2. a timber door; 3. glazing fixings to secure the glazing unit; and 4. a thermally conductive material located between the glazing unit and the timber door; the process comprising: (a) providing a coated first pane and an optionally coated second pane, cutting them to size and then toughening them as required; (b) laminating the two panes to each other using an appropriate interlayer; (c) applying thermally conductive material to the glazing unit; (d) providing a timber door having an aperture suitable to house the glazing unit; (e) placing the glass in the aperture and fixing it in place using the glazing fixings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

s Many embodiments of the invention are detailed throughout the specification and will be apparent to a reader skilled in the art. The invention is not to be interpreted as being limited to any of the recited embodiments.

"A" means "at least one". In any embodiment where "a" is used to denote a given material or element, "a" may mean one.

"Comprising" means that a given material or element may contain other materials or elements.

In any embodiment where "comprising" is mentioned the given material or element may be formed of at least 10% w/w, at least 20% w/w, at least 30% w/w, or at least 40% w/w of the material or element. In any embodiment where "comprising" is mentioned, "comprising" may also mean "consisting of (or "consists of") or "consisting essentially of" (or "consists essentially of") a given material or element.

"Consisting of or "consists of" means that a given material or element is formed entirely of the material or element. In any embodiment where "consisting or or "consists of is mentioned the given material or element may be formed of 100% w/w of the material or element.

"Consisting essentially or or "consists essentially or means that a given material or element consists almost entirely of that material or element. In any embodiment where "consisting essentially of or "consists essentially of is mentioned the given material or element may be formed of at least 50% w/w, at least 60% w/w, at least 70% w/w, at least 80% w/w, at least 90% w/w, at least 95% w/w or at least 99% w/w of the material or element.

In any embodiment where "is" or "may be" is used to define a material or element, "is" or "may be" may mean the material or element "consists of" or "consists essentially of" the material or element.

Claims are embodiments.

Timber In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be a hardwood, softwood, medium density fibreboard (MDF), graduated density chipboard (GDC), exotic (i.e. non-European) wood, indigenous (i.e. UK or European) wood, timber of density 200-1300 kg/m3, glue laminated wood, chipwood, chipboard, high density fibreboard, a composite, a laminate or similar.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be further finished for example for protection or aesthetics. For example the timber may be foil covered, plastic coated, painted or reinforced with metal, for example steel.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be solid timber, partially hollow or tube core. A particular tube core timber is GDC with hollow sections in the GDC.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be a hardwood. In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be a softwood.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be medium density fibreboard (MDF).

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be graduated density chipboard (GDC).

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be exotic wood.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be indigenous wood.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be a timber of density 200-1300 kg/m3 In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be a glue laminated wood.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be chipwood.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be chipboard.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be high density fibreboard.

is In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be a composite.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be a laminate.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be foil covered.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be plastic coated.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be reinforced with metal.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be reinforced with metal, for

example steel.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be reinforced with steel.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be solid timber.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be partially hollow.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be tube core.

In any embodiment where timber is mentioned, the timber may be GDC with hollow sections in the GDC. Panes

The use of a suitable pane in the glazing unit allows the passage of light into enclosed spaces, enhances visibility and therefore safety. Panes provide support for the glazing unit as well as transparency.

Panes may be any suitable shape (for instance, square, rectangular, triangular, circular etc.), or may be dimensioned to suit the particular application, and shaped irregularly as required. Panes may be of varying thickness or size (e.g. perimeter size). Panes may adopt various curvatures (e.g. flat or arched) and may exhibit various degrees of transparency. Panes may be patterned or non-patterned, coloured or non-coloured. Herein wherein "pane" is mentioned, this refers independently to the "first pane" and/or the "second pane". References to "first pane" and "second pane" are specific to that pane only. In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be transparent.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be translucent. A translucent s pane permits the transmission of light but diffuses it. An example of a translucent pane is a frosted pane.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be opaque.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be non-coloured.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be coloured.

io In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be mirrored.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be patterned.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be extra white.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be ultra-clear.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be transparent, translucent, is opaque, non-coloured, coloured, mirrored, patterned, extra white, 'low iron' or ultra-clear.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may comprise a combination of regions which are independently transparent, translucent, opaque, non-coloured, coloured, mirrored, patterned, extra white, or ultra-clear.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may comprise UV transmissive glass.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may comprise UV protective glass.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may comprise a combination of UV transmissive and UV protective glass.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may comprise soda-lime silicate glass. In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may comprise toughened soda-lime silicate glass.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may comprise safety (toughened) soda-lime silicate glass.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be flat.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be a sheet.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be curved.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may be rectangular.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may have a thickness between 2 mm and 50 mm.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may have a thickness between 4 mm and 12 mm.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may have a thickness between 4 mm and 10 mm.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may have a thickness between 4 mm and 8 mm.

s In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may have a thickness of about 6 mm.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may have a thickness of 6 mm.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may have a thickness of 5.8 mm.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane may have a thickness of 5.9 mm.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane is positioned at least 5 mm within the io glazing rebate. This is widely referred to as 5 mm "edge cover" in the glazing industry. Figure 7 illustrates this further.

In any embodiment where a pane is mentioned, the pane is positioned between 5 mm and 15 mm within the "glazing rebate". Figure 7 also illustrates what is meant by "glazing rebate".

is Second Pane In any embodiment the first pane and the second pane may be the same.

In any embodiment the second pane may be the same as the first pane, and has a coating on a surface orientated inwards.

In any embodiment the first pane and the second pane may be different.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise a pane of toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may have a coating on a surface orientated inwards.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may not have a coating.

In any embodiment the first pane and the second pane may be substantially parallel to each other.

In any embodiment the first pane and the second pane may be parallel to each other.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise any suitable material, such as glass or a synthetic polymer (i.e. plastic, for example a polycarbonate polymer), or a combination of any such materials.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise glass, toughened glass, borosilicate glass, annealed glass, thermally toughened glass, chemically toughened glass, heat strengthened glass.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise glass.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise toughened glass.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise borosilicate glass.

s In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise annealed glass.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise thermally toughened glass.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise io chemically toughened glass.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may comprise heat strengthened glass.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may be flat.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may be a sheet.

is In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may be curved.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may be rectangular. In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may have a thickness between 2 mm and 50 mm.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may have a thickness 20 between 4 mm and 12 mm.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may have a thickness between 4 mm and 10 mm.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may have a thickness between 4 mm and 8 mm.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may have a thickness of about 6 mm.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane may have a thickness of 6 mm.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane is positioned at least 5 mm within the glazing rebate.

In any embodiment where a second pane is mentioned, the second pane is positioned between 5 mm and 15 mm within the glazing rebate. Glass

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be transparent.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be translucent. A translucent glass permits the transmission of light but diffuses it. An example of a translucent glass is a frosted glass. In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be opaque.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be non-coloured.

s In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be coloured.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be mirrored. In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be patterned. In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be extra white. In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be ultra-clear.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be transparent, translucent, opaque, non-coloured, coloured, mirrored, patterned, extra white, or ultra-clear.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise a combination of regions which are independently transparent, translucent, opaque, non-coloured, coloured, mirrored, patterned, extra white, or ultra-clear.

is In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise toughened glass.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise borosilicate glass. In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise soda-lime silicate glass. In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise toughened soda-lime silicate glass.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise safety (toughened) soda-lime silicate glass.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise UV transmissive glass.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise UV protective glass.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may comprise a combination of UV transmissive and UV protective glass.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be flat.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be a sheet.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be curved.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may be rectangular.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may have a thickness between 2 mm and 50 mm.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may have a thickness between 4 mm and 12 mm.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may have a thickness between 4 mm and 10 mm.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may have a thickness between 4 mm and 8 mm.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may have a thickness of about 6 mm.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass may have a thickness of 6 mm.

s In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass is at least 5 mm within the glazing rebate.

In any embodiment where glass is mentioned, the glass is at between 5 mm and 15 mm within the glazing rebate.

io Toughened glass Toughened glass is a type of safety glass that is manufactured by controlled thermal treatments to increase its strength compared with normal glass. Toughened is glass that has undergone processes of controlled thermal treatment to increase its strength. Typically, toughened glass is made from annealed glass that has been heated to approximately 650°C and then rapidly cooled. Before is toughening, the glass must be cut to size or pressed to shape -once the glass is toughened, it cannot be re-worked on.

Toughened glass is physically and thermally stronger than normal glass. The process to produce the glass puts the outer surfaces into compression, and the interior into tension. Toughened glass may also be referred to as tempered glass. According to EN 12150-1:2015, for glass to be considered toughened, the minimum characteristic bending strength of the glass should be greater than 120 MPa when measured by the industry standard "four point bending test" (BS EN 1288-3:2000). Toughened glass can be rendered fire resistant by toughening such that the minimum characteristic bending strength of the glass should be greater than 190 MPa. At this level of toughening the glass is highly resistant to the sudden temperature changes associated with fire. As a result of the increased surface stress, if toughened glass is broken, it only breaks into small as opposed to sharp jagged shards reducing the risk of injury. The European Standard EN121 50-1 defines the minimum number of fragments required for soda-lime silicate safety glass on the basis of fragmentation test results. In an area of 50 mm x 50 mm, the number of fragments should be not less than 15 pieces, 40 pieces, and 30 pieces when the glass thicknesses are 3 mm, 4 -12 mm, and 15 -19 mm, respectively. This characteristic makes toughened glass safe for high-pressure and explosion proof applications. Particular care is required in order to toughen a coated glass in order to meet these criteria.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be transparent.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be translucent. A translucent toughened glass permits the transmission of light but diffuses it. An example of a translucent toughened glass is a frosted toughened glass.

-10 -In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be opaque. In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be non-coloured.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be coloured.

s In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be mirrored.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be patterned.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be extra white.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be ultra-clear.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be transparent, translucent, opaque, non-coloured, coloured, mirrored, patterned, extra white, or ultra-clear.

is In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may comprise a combination of regions which are independently transparent, translucent, opaque, non-coloured, coloured, mirrored, patterned, extra white, or ultra-clear.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may comprise borosilicate toughened glass.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may comprise soda-lime silicate toughened glass.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may comprise soda-lime silicate safety (toughened) glass that conforms to EN12150-1: 2015.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may comprise UV transmissive toughened glass.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may comprise UV protective toughened glass.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may comprise a combination of UV transmissive and UV protective toughened glass.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass has a minimum characteristic bending strength of at least 69 MPa.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass has a minimum characteristic bending strength of at least 100 MPa.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass has a minimum characteristic bending strength of at least 190 MPa.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the pane may comprise thermally toughened glass.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be flat.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be a sheet.

s In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be curved.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may be rectangular.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may have a thickness between 2 mm and 50 mm.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may have a thickness between 4 mm and 12 mm.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may have a thickness between 4 mm and 10 mm.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may have a is thickness between 4 mm and 8 mm.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may have a thickness of about 6 mm.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass may have a thickness of 6 mm.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass is at least 5 mm within the glazing rebate.

In any embodiment where toughened glass is mentioned, the toughened glass is between 5 mm and 15 mm within the glazing rebate.

Complex Glazing Units In any embodiment of the invention, there may be no additional panes present.

In any embodiment of the invention, there may be at least one additional pane (for example a third pane), resulting in a "complex glazing unit". The additional pane(s) may be adjacent to, laminated to or spaced apart from (for example in a parallel fashion) the glazing unit comprising the first pane, so second pane, coating(s) and interlayer as defined herein above, and may define an internal space. Such internal spaces may comprise an additional interlayer which can improve fire, attack and/or impact resistance, or furnish additional anti-threat properties, or alternatively they may be left empty, evacuated, or filled with an alternative substance (e.g. an insulating gas). Herein where "glazing unit" is referred to, those embodiments also refer to "complex glazing units".

-12 -In any embodiment where an additional interlayer is mentioned, the additional interlayer may comprise polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate, cold-pour, acrylic, epoxy, potassium silicate, sodium silicate, organometallic hydrogel, aqua gel, or mixed metal silicate.

In any embodiment where an additional interlayer is mentioned, the additional interlayer may s comprise any of the materials herein described for interlayer.

In any embodiment where an additional interlayer is mentioned, the additional interlayer may comprise the same material as the interlayer.

In any embodiment where an additional interlayer is mentioned, the additional interlayer may comprise a different material to the interlayer.

Where the additional pane(s) are spaced apart from the glazing unit comprising the first pane, second pane, coating(s) and interlayer as defined herein above, and defines an internal space, a spacer may be used to separate the additional panes(s) from the glazing unit.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane may be substantially parallel to the glazing unit comprising the first pane, second pane, coating(s) and is interlayer as defined herein above.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane may be parallel to the glazing unit comprising the first pane, second pane, coating(s) and interlayer as defined herein above.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by about 0.1 mm to about 100 mm.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by about 1 mm to about 50 mm.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by about 2 mm to about 50 mm.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by about 5 mm to about 50 mm.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by about 5 mm to about 75 mm.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by 0.1 mm to 100 mm.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by 1 mm to 50 mm.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by 2 mm to 50 mm.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit may be spaced apart by 5 mm to 50 mm.

-13 -In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit are at least 5 mm within the glazing rebate.

In any embodiment where at least one additional pane is mentioned is mentioned, the additional pane and the glazing unit are between 5 mm and 15 mm within the glazing rebate.

Spacers A "spacer" is an element used to hold apart panes to help maintain the structural arrangement of a glazing unit, both during manufacture and normal use. Spacers may comprise any suitable material (for example a suitable polymer material) and may be reinforced to help them perform their function io better. Spacers are located in the internal spaces defined by an additional pane in a complex glazing unit, for example internal spaces filled with a fire-resistant interlayer. This type of unit is commonly called an Insulated Glazing Unit (IGU) or Double Glazing. Often an adhesive is required to bond the spacer to the panes, that is if the spacer is not inherently adhesive. The perimeter of this complex glazing unit is subsequently sealed by a suitable material in order to hermetically seal and weather prof is the unit, and give added structural strength to the resultant glazing unit.

In any embodiment where a spacer is mentioned, the spacer may comprise acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polyurethane, silicone, polyester, steel, stainless steel, titanium, aluminium, polypropylene, polyethylene or epoxy resin; or be a thermoplastic, or thermosetting plastic, spacer, or combinations of the above.

In any embodiment where a spacer is mentioned, the spacer may consist essentially of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene.

In any embodiment where a spacer is mentioned, the spacer may be a thermoplastic or a thermosetting plastic spacer.

In any embodiment where a spacer is mentioned, the spacer may be a thermosetting plastic spacer.

In any embodiment where a spacer is mentioned, the spacer may be reinforced with glass fibre or glass particles.

so Seal A "seal" is any element or means which can be arranged to define an internal space and may assist to form an essentially airtight internal space. Seals may be positioned in any suitable position relative to the outer edge of the panes they are arranged with. Panes may overlap or overhang a seal. Generally, the seal is applied around the outside edge of the spacer.

-14 -Seals may be any suitable dimension, for example elongate. Seals may be flexible and may be moulded into any desired shape, for example being adapted to complement a given pane or glazing unit geometry (for example being substantially rectangular where the pane or glazing unit is rectangular).

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may be an essentially airtight seal. An s essentially airtight seal is one that permits only minimal gas exchange, such that if increased pressure is generated in the internal space there is a pressure build up.

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may be an airtight seal. An airtight seal permits no measurable gas exchange.

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may be non-porous.

io Essentially airtight, airtight and non-porous seals do not permit (or may essentially prevent) the ingress of air or moisture which may affect elements enclosed in an internal space.

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may comprise a polysulphide polymer. In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may comprise a polyurethane polymer. In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may comprise a butyl polymer.

is In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may comprise a silicone polymer.

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may comprise a silyl modified polyether polymer (i.e. an MS polymer).

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may comprise a silyl modified polyurethane polymer (i.e. a SPUR polymer).

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may comprise a polysulphide polymer, a polyurethane polymer, a butyl polymer, a silicone polymer, a silyl modified polyether polymer or a silyl modified polyurethane polymer.

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may be a peripheral seal. "Peripheral" means that a given element (for example a seal) is in the edge region of an element (for example a pane or glazing unit).

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may be a perimeter seal. A "perimeter seal" is one which extends along the outer edge of at least one pane, for example both panes where there is a first pane and a second pane. Such a seal provides additional protection for the edges of the pane, which helps maintain the integrity of the pane during normal use. A perimeter seal may enclose the outer edge of at least one pane, for example both panes where there is a first pane and a second pane.

In any embodiment where a seal is mentioned, the seal may be a perimeter seal which encloses the outer edge of any pane (for example a first pane and a second pane).

Any embodiment may comprise a plurality of seals, for example a first (or primary) seal and a second (or secondary) seal.

-15 -Edges In any embodiment, at least one edge of the pane may have a ground and / or polished edge.

The edge of a pane is potentially an inherent weakness of the pane, and can be the starting point for fracture in the event of changing thermal stress e.g. in the event of fire. By grinding and / or polishing s the edge of the pane, the strength of the pane can be increased. Means to grind and / or polish edges are well known in the art. The viability of the panes in the case of fire can therefore be dependent on the edge quality being of high quality. Particular edges are shown in Table 1.

Edge Type Description

Flat Ground P-------GroL -....." Flat Polish V -4e -Gt."AL.9nd Ground Pencil Edge Polished Pencil Edge,.:. Pon Ground Mitre ' 1Y Ai gi - . k... Bevel

"----N., ,tm;lc # , polist,ed Seamed Edges : Polished Edge and End Po ed -Poi sh Ground Edges r ' r -'---Ground Polished Edges

Table 1

In any embodiment at least one edge of the pane may be polished.

In any embodiment all edges of a pane may be polished.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge, Polished Edge and End or a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1.

s In any embodiment all edges of the pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge, Polished Edge and End or a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge or a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment all edges of the pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge or a Polished Edge as

shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment all edges of the pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge or a Polished Edge and End as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge as shown in

Table 1.

is In any embodiment all edges of the pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment all edges of the pane may have a Polished Edge and End as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the pane may have a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1. In any embodiment all edges of the pane may have a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the first pane may be polished.

In any embodiment all edges of the first pane may be polished.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the first pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge or a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment all edges of the first pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge or a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the first pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment all edges of the first pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the first pane may have a Polished Edge as shown in

Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the second pane may be polished.

In any embodiment all edges of the second pane may be polished.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the second pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge or a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1.

-17 -In any embodiment all edges of the second pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge or a Polished Edge as shown in Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one edge of the second pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge as shown in Table 1.

s In any embodiment all edges of the second pane may have a Polished Pencil Edge as shown in Table 1. In any embodiment at least one edge of the second pane may have a Polished Edge as shown in

Table 1.

In any embodiment at least one corner of the first pane may be rounded by polishing.

In any embodiment all corners of the first pane may be rounded by polishing.

In any embodiment at least one corner of the first pane may be pointed.

In any embodiment all corners of the first pane may be pointed.

In any embodiment at least one corner of the second pane may be rounded by polishing.

In any embodiment all corners of the second pane may be rounded by polishing.

is In any embodiment at least one corner of the second pane may be pointed.

In any embodiment all corners of the second pane may be pointed.

In any embodiment at least one corner of the panes may be rounded by polishing.

In any embodiment all corners of the panes may be rounded by polishing.

In any embodiment at least one corner of the panes may be pointed.

In any embodiment all corners of the panes may be pointed.

Coating In order to meet the EW fire resistance classification criteria detailed herein above, it is necessary to utilise a coated glass, particularly one that is capable of either absorbing or reflecting the infra-red radiation of a fire (i.e. an infra-red reflective coating). In the absence of an infra-red reflective coating the glass would only achieve E, not an EW rating. The coating can also reduce the adhesion of the glass to the interlayer and thus provides the surprising secondary benefit of improving the anti-attack rating of the glazing unit.

In any embodiment where coating mentioned, the coating is a low E coating. Low E refers to low emissivity (effectiveness of the reflection or emission of the radiation) which describes the capacity of a surface to radiate heat. Emissivity is defined as the ratio of the emitted energy from a given surface to that of an ideal radiator (a black body with an emissivity = 1.0) and is measured across a scale from 0 to 1, with 1 representing the highest emissivity. A method for determining the emissivity of glass and coated glass is defined in standard EN 12898 (as of 2001).

The low E coating is spectrally selective, which means it affects some wave lengths of light but not others. The transmission of long wave infrared is significantly reduced by a low E coating. It reflects -18 -the amount of energy escaping through the panes. Low E panes can reduce the amount of heat that is conducted through the panes by around 30% compared to ordinary panes. Herein where the term Low E is used, this refers to infra-red reflecting.

There are two types of low E panes: hard coat or soft coat. Hard coat low E panes are made by s coating the panes during production with a coating such as a thin metallic oxide layer, effectively welding it to the panes surface. Soft coat low E panes, or sputter coating, is applied to panes that have already been formed. The panes enter a vacuum chamber filled with an inert gas which is electrically charged. The electricity combined with the vacuum allows molecules of metal to sputter onto the panes. This process provides the highest level of performance and a nearly invisible coating.

Hard coat low E panes are durable and difficult to scratch, and can be used for single-glazed applications. The disadvantage of hard coat low E panes are that they have higher haze levels (haze gives the appearance of a fine, uniform, layer of dust deposited on the surface of the glass and is often more noticeable when the glass is viewed at an angle or under strong light).

Soft coat low E panes, and allow more visible light in, with less visible haze. The disadvantage of is soft coat low E panes is that they must be laminated or used in double or triple glazed windows in order to avoid surface degradation by contact, and also that there can be slight colour variations. Soft coat is less durable than hard coat.

In any embodiment where coating is mentioned, the coating reflects a degree of radiation in the infrared spectral range.

In any embodiment where coating is mentioned, the coating reflects electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range of about 700 nm to 1000 micrometres.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a hard coating or a soft coating.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a hard coating.

In any embodiment where the coating mentioned, the coating may comprise a low E hard or soft coating.

In any embodiment where the coating mentioned, the coating may comprise a low E hard coating. In any embodiment where the coating mentioned, the coating may comprise a low E soft coating.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a soft coating. In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a single layer. In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a multilayer. In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a double multilayer.

-19 -In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a triple multilayer.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a multilayer.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a single, double, s triple or multi-layer.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a metal or metal oxide.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a metal oxide. In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a metal.

io In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a multi-metal oxide.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a tin oxide, a silver oxide, titanium dioxide, a pyrolytic chemical vapor deposited coating, a magnetron sputtering deposited coating, a nitride, nitrides, a titanium nitride, a tin oxide-fluorine base (Sn02: F), an indium tin is oxide or a tin-doped indium oxide coating or a silver layer.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a tin oxide.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a silver oxide.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise titanium dioxide.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a pyrolytic chemical vapor deposited coating.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a magnetron sputtering deposited coating.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a nitride.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise nitrides.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a titanium nitride.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a tin oxide-fluorine base (Sn02: F).

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise an indium tin oxide or a tin-doped indium oxide coating.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may comprise a silver layer. In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may be less than 1 mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may be less than 1 mm in thickness.

-20 -In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may be less than 10 nm in thickness.

In any embodiment where the coating is mentioned, the coating may be less than 500 p.m in thickness.

s In any embodiment where a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards is mentioned, the coating covers all of the first pane.

In any embodiment where a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards is mentioned, the coating covers substantially all of the first pane.

In any embodiment where a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a io surface orientated inwards is mentioned, the coating covers between 80% and 100% of the first pane.

In any embodiment where a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards is mentioned, the coating covers 80% of the first pane.

In any embodiment where a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards is mentioned, the coating covers 90% of the first pane.

is In any embodiment where a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards is mentioned, the coating covers >90% of the first pane.

In any embodiment where a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards is mentioned, the coating covers >95% of the first pane.

In any embodiment where a second pane has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the coating covers all of the second pane.

In any embodiment where a second pane has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the coating covers substantially all of the second pane.

In any embodiment where a second pane has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the coating covers between 80% and 100% of the second pane.

In any embodiment where a second pane has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the coating covers 80% of the second pane.

In any embodiment where a second pane has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the coating covers 90% of the second pane.

In any embodiment where a second pane has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the coating covers >90% of the second pane.

In any embodiment where a second pane has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the coating covers >95% of the second pane.

In any embodiment where a pane comprises toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the toughened glass and coating might be prepared from a hardcoated glass intended for domestic Low E application such as Pilkington K Glass® N, or Pilkington K+®, Pilkington KA® -21 -glass or Planibel G®; or a softcoated glass intended for domestic Low E application, such as AGC iplus ET®, Pilkington K Glass" S, Planitherm T® or Guardian ClimaGuardTM 70/36.

In any embodiment where a pane comprises toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the toughened glass and coating might be prepared from Pilkington K Glass® N. s In any embodiment where a pane comprises toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the toughened glass and coating might be prepared from Pilkington K+® glass.

In any embodiment where a pane comprises toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the toughened glass and coating might be prepared from Pilkington KA® glass.

In any embodiment where a pane comprises toughened glass which has a coating on a surface io orientated inwards, the toughened glass and coating might be prepared from AGC iplus ET® glass.

In any embodiment where a pane comprises toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the toughened glass and coating might be prepared from Pilkington K Glass" S. In any embodiment where a pane comprises toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the toughened glass and coating might be prepared from Guardian ClimaGuardTM is 70/36 Glass.

Orientated Inwards The glazing unit comprises a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, and a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards.

For optimal performance, the coating should face towards the fire threat.

In any embodiment where the first pane comprising toughened glass and has a "coating on a surface orientated inwards" that coating faces the second pane.

In any embodiment where the first pane comprising toughened glass and has a "coating on a surface orientated inwards" that coating faces the second pane and the fire threat.

In any embodiment where the second pane of toughened glass has a "coating on a surface orientated inwards" that coating faces the first pane.

In any embodiment where the second pane of toughened glass has a "coating on a surface orientated inwards" that coating faces the first pane and the fire threat.

In any embodiment where the first pane comprising toughened glass has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, and the second pane of toughened glass has a coating on a surface orientated inwards, the coating of the first pane faces the second pane, and the coating of the second pane faces the first pane.

Interlayer The glazing unit of the present invention has an interlayer between the first pane and the second pane. This interlayer serves a number of purposes. It can act as an adhesive between the panes, -22 -but it can also improve fire, impact, acoustic, anti-attack and/or shock resistance. Furthermore, it can be used to add colour or reduce transparency.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise one or more layers.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise one layer.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise two layers. In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise three layers. In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise two or three layers.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise up to twenty layers.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise multi layers. In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), silicone, cold-pour, cast in place resin, epoxy resin, thermoplastic polyurethane, is Perspex'"", acrylic or polyvinyl butyral.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise EVA.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise a cold-pour cast-in-place resin.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise epoxy resin.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise thermoplastic polyurethane.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise Perspex'"".

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise acrylic.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise polyvinyl butyral.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may comprise polyvinyl butyral applied as a foil. A foil is a very thin layer.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be built up in layers of about 0.38 mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be between 0.1 mm and mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be between 0.2 mm and 5 mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm in thickness.

-23 -In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be between 0.3 mm and 8 mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be about 0.38 mm in thickness.

s In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be about 0.76 mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be about 1.14 mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be UV transmissive.

io In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be UV protective.

In any embodiment where interlayer is mentioned, the interlayer may be UV transmissive and UV protective.

Glazing Unit is The glazing unit of the present invention comprises a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; and an interlayer between a. and b..

In any embodiment where glazing unit is mentioned, the glazing unit may be UV transmissive. In any embodiment where glazing unit is mentioned, the glazing unit may be UV protective.

In any embodiment where glazing unit is mentioned, the glazing unit may be UV transmissive and UV protective.

Thermally conductive material In order to facilitate glazing in a non-conductive material such as timber, it is necessary to facilitate thermal conduction between the hot and cold side of the glazing unit to reduce the risk of thermal shock. This allows the glass to be glazed deeper in the glazing rebate.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise a sleeve. A sleeve is a shape suitable to cover the edge(s) of the pane and a small percentage of the surface of the pane, particularly about 5 mm or more.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise a metal sleeve.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise a metal.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise any thermally conductive metallic substance, compound or alloy.

-24 -In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise aluminium, steel or iron.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise aluminium.

s In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise an aluminium tape.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise an aluminium foil tape.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally io conductive material may comprise an aluminium self-adhesive tape.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise an aluminium foil self-adhesive tape.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise an aluminium tape that extends around the perimeter of the glazing is unit, and overlaps the faces of the glazing unit thus forming a U-shaped channel.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise an aluminium tape extending around the perimeter of the glazing unit overlapping the faces of the glazing unit up to 15 mm thus forming a U-shaped channel.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material may comprise an aluminium tape extending around the perimeter of the glazing unit overlapping the faces of the glazing unit up to 5 mm thus forming a U-shaped channel.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material forms a thermal bridge between the two panes.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material is in contact with both panes of the glazing unit.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material is continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 50% coverage of the perimeter.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 60% coverage.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 70% coverage.

-25 -In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 80% coverage.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally s conductive material is between 0.5 mm and 30 mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material is less than 20 mm in thickness.

In any embodiment where thermally conductive material is mentioned, the thermally conductive material is less than 12 mm in thickness.

io In complex glazing units as defined herein, the thermally conductive material may be positioned between the glazing unit comprising the first pane and the second pane and the timber door only, or alternatively, the thermally conductive material may be positioned between the complex glazing unit comprising the first pane, the second pane and the additional pane(s) and the timber door. The same applies where the thermally conductive material forms a U-shaped channel. The U-shaped channel may is overlap the faces of the glazing unit comprising only the first and the second pane, or, alternatively the U-shaped channel may overlap the faces of the whole complex glazing unit comprising the first, the second pane and the additional pane(s).

Glazing Tape/seal In any embodiment of the invention it may be preferable to use a glazing tape or a seal between the glazing unit and the timber door. This is preferably made of a soft material and assists the glazing unit to sit within the door without movement. Glazing tape may be fire resistant, intumescent, soundproof, weatherproof or otherwise.

In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise zs intumescent tape.

In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise intumescent foam tape.

In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise closed cell foam tape or other foam tapes.

In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise ceramic tape.

In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise silicone capping.

In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) tape.

-26 -In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise silicone tape.

In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise graphite tape.

s In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise 2-chlorobuta-1,3-diene.

In any embodiment where glazing tape is mentioned, the glazing tape may comprise rubber.

Setting block In one aspect of the invention, there are one or more setting blocks in the glazing rebate between the thermally conductive material and the timber door, or between the glazing unit and the thermally conductive material. The setting block holds the glazing unit in place so that it doesn't move when the door is repeatedly opened and closed. It also holds the glazing unit away from the door and ensures the bottom of the glazing unit doesn't sit in moisture. The dimensions of the setting block are is chosen in order to position the glass appropriately in the glazing rebate during installation.

In one aspect of the invention, there is one setting block in the glazing rebate between the thermally conductive material and the timber door.

In one aspect of the invention, there are two setting blocks in the glazing rebate between the thermally conductive material and the timber door.

In one aspect of the invention, there are three setting blocks in the glazing rebate between the thermally conductive material and the timber door.

In one aspect of the invention, there are more than three setting blocks in the glazing rebate between the thermally conductive material and the timber door.

In any embodiment where a setting block is mentioned, the setting block is a calcium silicate-based board e.g. a Supalux® setting block.

In any embodiment where a setting block is mentioned, the setting block is a non-combustible setting block.

In any embodiment where a setting block is mentioned, the setting block is a vermiculite setting block.

In any embodiment where a setting block is mentioned, the setting block is a hardwood setting block.

Intumescent gasket In one aspect of the invention, there is one or more intumescent gasket(s) between the glazing unit and the thermally conductive material, or between the thermally conductive material and the timber door in the glazing rebate. The intumescent gaskets swell when they get hot, and can assist in -27 -preventing fire from progressing around the edges of the fire resistant glass component. These gasket(s) therefore improve the fire resistance of the glazing unit.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be between the thermally conductive material and the timber door.

s In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be between the glazing unit and the thermally conductive material.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be between the setting block(s) and the timber door.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be a graphite, calcium silicate, plastic, rubber, ammonium polyphosphate or other gasket.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be a graphite gasket.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be a calcium silicate gasket.

is In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be a plastic gasket.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be a rubber gasket.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket may be a ammonium polyphosphate gasket.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, there may be one intumescent gasket.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, there may be more than one intumescent gaskets.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket is continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 90% coverage.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket is not so continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 80% coverage.

In any embodiment where an intumescent gasket is mentioned, the intumescent gasket is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 70% coverage.

-28 -Aperture liner In one aspect of the invention, there is an aperture liner between the thermally conductive material and the timber door. The aperture liner acts as a flame break and is typically made of a material that is more fire resistant than the door material itself.

s In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner may be between the setting block(s) and the timber door.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner may be between the intumescent gasket and the timber door.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner may be an intumescent, hardwood, ceramic or medium-density fiberboard (MDF) liner.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner may be an intumescent liner.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner may be a hardwood liner.

is In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner may be a ceramic liner.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner may be an MDF liner.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, there may be one aperture liner.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, there may be more than one aperture liners.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner is continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 90% coverage.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 80% coverage.

In any embodiment where an aperture liner is mentioned, the aperture liner is not continuous around the perimeter of the glazing unit, but provides more than 70% coverage.

Glazing Fixings In the present invention, glazing fixings are used to secure the glazing unit to the timber door. Suitable glazing fixings may be needed on both sides of the glazing unit, or, alternatively the door might be manufactured so as to have an integral bead. In this case the glazing unit sits against the integral bead and glazing fixings are only needed on the other side of the glazing unit in order to secure it in place.

-29 -In any embodiment where glazing fixings are mentioned, the glazing fixings may be screws, nails, pins, glues, beads or clips.

In one aspect of the present invention, the glazing fixings might be a bead or beading. Suitable materials for a bead or beading are those described herein for "timber" although plastic and metal s beads are also possible. The bead or beading is generally comprised of sections, and, on a square or rectangular glazing unit, can be eight sections -four around each outer perimeter of the glazing unit. The width of the bead or beading is material dependant; more fire resistant beads can be thinner than less fire resistant beads.

In one aspect of the present invention, the glazing fixings are one or more beads.

In one aspect of the present invention, the glazing fixings are one or more timber beads.

Bead Fixing In any embodiment where a bead is mentioned, the bead may be fixed to the door with glue, one or more screws, one or more pins, one or more nails and / or one or more pins.

is In any embodiment where a bead is mentioned, the bead may be fixed to the door with glue.

In any embodiment where a bead is mentioned, the bead may be fixed to the door with one or more screws.

In any embodiment where a bead is mentioned, the bead may be fixed to the door with one or more pins.

In any embodiment where a bead is mentioned, the bead may be fixed to the door with one or more nails.

In any embodiment where a bead is mentioned, the bead may be fixed to the door with one or more staples.

Timber Doors In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door has an aperture of suitable size to accommodate the glazing unit.

In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity for 30 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity for 60 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity and reduce radiation for 30 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity and reduce radiation for 60 minutes during a fire.

-30 -width In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door may be <56 mm in width In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door may be about 54 mm in s In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door may be 54 mm in width.

In any embodiment where a timber door is mentioned, the timber door may have an optional lock. A large variety of locking systems can be specified including manual and electric as well as a wide choice of glazing units, louvre panels and removable transoms are also available.

io Multi threat-proof -fire The present invention provides a multi threat-proof glazed timber door that has a surprisingly high level of threat resistance, for example to fire.

The fire resistance can be considered as a component's ability to provide an effective barrier against the propagation of flames and smoke and / or to prevent the passage of heat. Commonly, in is Europe this means that the component is required maintain not only its integrity (E), its structural integrity and radiation reduction within specified limits (termed EW), but also provides a barrier from radiation emitted (I) (the radiation measured at 1 m from the sample is to remain below 15 kW/m2). European Standard EN 1365-1 establishes general principles for determining the fire resistance duration of various components exposed to fire under standardized conditions. European Standard EN 1634-1 specifies how to test the fire resistance of glazed doors according to how long they meet the requirements of class E, EW and El.

Classification times are given in minutes for each classification, using the classification times: 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180. The fire resistance period is thus defined as at least 10 minutes. Classification EN 13501-2, for example, defines the fire resistance period a fire protection element must be classifiable as at least E10.

In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may retain its structural integrity for 30 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity for 60 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity for 90 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity for 110 minutes during a fire.

-31 -In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity and reduces radiation for 30 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi s threat-proof glazed timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity and reduces radiation for 60 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity and reduces radiation for 90 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be a fire resistant timber door that retains its structural integrity and reduces radiation for 110 minutes during a fire.

In any embodiment the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be an E30 multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

is In any embodiment the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be an E60 multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

In any embodiment the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be an E90 multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

In any embodiment the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be an E110 multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

In any embodiment the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be an EW30 multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

In any embodiment the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be an EW60 multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

In any embodiment the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be an EW90 multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

In any embodiment the multi threat-proof glazed timber door may be an EW110 multi threat-proof glazed timber door.

It is advantageous that the door is equally resistant to attack and fire resistance in both directions and this provides a further feature of the invention. This is particularly achieved when the first pane and coating are identical (or substantially similar) to the second pane and coating.

In any embodiment where multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door must be tested successfully to EN1634 or similar.

In any embodiment where multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the multi threat-proof glazed timber door must be tested successfully to EN1634 or similar when tested in both directions.

-32 -Multi threat-proof -attack and impact resistance The present invention provides a multi threat-proof glazed timber door that has a surprisingly high level of threat resistance, for example to impact or attack e.g. attack by unauthorised entry with heavy duty tools.

s In much of Europe the anti-attack resistance of glass is classified by the EN356 standard, and the anti-bandit or anti-burglary of glazed installations, such as doors, is classified by national specific codes and norms. In the UK building government guidance paper 'Approved Document C).' proposes that the glazing of external doors in certain buildings should be minimum P1A rated according to EN356 testing.

In approval testing it is typical for glazed installations (such as doors and door sets) to be io subjects to assault with various tools for a fixed duration. An example is The Loss Prevention Council standard LPS 1175: Issue 8 which details such testing; and LPS1270: Issue 1.1 that describes the procedure for approving the glazing aspect of installations.

The aim of these standards is to confirm the security rating of the product or system by conducting a manual intervention attack, that is designed to identify the minimum resistance to attack is provided by the product/system. The test team use prescribed attack methods using a selection of previously prescribed tools to result in the lowest working time to break though.

In LPS1275, Systems are rated A to H according to the toolkit used for attack; and 1 to 20 according to the number of minutes before breakthrough. Alternatively, or additionally, the Pas24 standard provides a method for testing and accessing doors and windows in relation to security, in particular in relation to preventing access by an opportunistic burglar. In the test, three door specimens are tested and the door (or window) is subjected to a 2kN loading at various pressure points which test the build quality of the door. The cylinder of the lock mechanism is subjected to multiple attacks by prescribed tools and a large screwdriver and a small crowbar are used to look for vulnerabilities in the door construction. In addition, a door specimen is subjected to attempts to manipulate the door hardware using small tools such as a small screwdriver. The door is subjected to an attempt to cut an access hole through the leaf of 50 mm diameter, as well as a large hole of 380 x 225 mm in a specified zone of the door, again using prescribed tools. A door specimen is also subject to impact test by a 'soft' and a 'hard' body. The door must also have a locking handle and use glass of minimum P2A classification according to EN356. Pas 24 is a minimum standard i.e. pass or fail only.

In much of Europe, regulations classify the impact resistance of glazing by test method EN12600 and by rating 3, 2, 1 (1 being the more stringent). In order to meet the requirements of the majority of anti-attack installations the top level of impact performance, Class 1, is often specified. Such glasses resist the pendulum soft body impact of a 50kg object from a drop height of 1200 mm. The minimum performance of laminated glass is Class 3. Such glasses resist the pendulum soft body impact of a 50kg object from a drop height of 190 mm.

-33 -In any embodiment where a multi threat-proof glazed timber door is mentioned, the glazing unit therein may resist a pendulum soft body impact of a 50kg object from a drop height of 1200 mm according to EN12600.

s Processes In one embodiment there is provided a process for the manufacture of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door comprising: 1. a glazing unit, wherein said glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated io inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; c. an interlayer between a. and b.; 2. a timber door; 3. glazing fixings to secure the glazing unit; and is 4. a thermally conductive material located between the glazing unit and the timber door; the process comprising: (a) providing a coated first pane and an optionally coated second pane, cutting them to size and then toughening them as required; (b) laminating the two panes to each other using an appropriate interlayer; (c) applying thermally conductive material to the glazing unit; (d) providing a timber door having an aperture suitable to house the glazing unit; (e) placing the glass in the aperture and fixing it in place using the glazing fixings. In a further embodiment there is provided a process for the manufacture of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door comprising: 1. a glazing unit, wherein said glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; c. an interlayer between a. and b.; 2. a timber door; 3. glazing fixings to secure the glazing unit; and 4. a thermally conductive material located between the glazing unit and the timber door; the process comprising: (a) providing a coated first pane and an optionally coated second pane, cutting them to size and then toughening them and edge grinding the edges as required; (b) laminating the two panes to each other using an appropriate interlayer; -34 - (c) applying thermally conductive material to the glazing unit; (d) providing a timber door having an aperture suitable to house the glazing unit; (e) placing the glass in the aperture and fixing it in place using the glazing fixings. In a further embodiment there is provided a process for the manufacture of a multi threat-proof s glazed timber door comprising: 1. a glazing unit, wherein said glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; 3.0 c. an interlayer between a. and b.; 2. a timber door; 3. glazing fixings to secure the glazing unit; and 4. a thermally conductive material located between the glazing unit and the timber door; the process comprising: is (a) providing a coated first pane and an optionally coated second pane, cutting them to size and then edge grinding the edges and toughening them as required; (b) laminating the two panes to each other using an appropriate interlayer; (c) applying thermally conductive material to the glazing unit; (d) providing a timber door having an aperture suitable to house the glazing unit and having an intumescent gasket applied in the glazing rebate; (e) placing the glass in the aperture on setting blocks and fixing it in place using beads with glazing tape applied to them. Uses

In one embodiment there is provided the use of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door comprising: 1. a glazing unit, wherein said glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; c. an interlayer between a. and b.; 2. a timber door; 3. glazing fixings to secure the glazing unit; and 4. a thermally conductive material located between the glazing unit and the timber door; in construction.

-35 -The use of glazing units in construction is known in the art and can be effected by any suitably skilled glazier.

In another embodiment of the invention there is provided the use of a glazing unit and a thermally conductive material, in a timber door, to form a multi threat-proof glazed timber door, s wherein the glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; c. an interlayer between a. and b.; to and wherein the thermally conductive material is located between the glazing unit and the timber door; wherein the thermally conductive material, the timber door, the first pane, the coating, the second pane and the interlayer are as defined in any of the embodiments herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1 is a partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration A. Figure 2 is a partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration B. Figure 3 is a partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration C. Figure 4 is a partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration D. Figure 5 is a partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration E. Figure 6 depicts a plan view of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door of configuration F. Figure 7 depicts a partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door of configuration G for the purposes of illustrating what is meant by "glazing rebate" and "edge cover".

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Example glazing units can have a number of possible basic configurations, which are illustrated in Figures 1 to 6.

-36 -Configuration A A partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration A is depicted cross-sectionally in Figure 1. This multi threat-proof glazed timber door has a glazing unit consisting of a first pane (1) which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards (4) and a s second pane (2); an interlayer (3) between the panes; beads (5) fix the glazing unit to the timber door (6); and a thermally conductive material (7) is located between the glazing unit and the timber door. The arrow indicates the direction of the fire threat.

Configuration B io A partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration B is depicted cross-sectionally in Figure 2. This multi threat-proof glazed timber door has a glazing unit consisting of a first pane (1) and a second pane (1) which both have a coating (2) on a surface orientated inwards; an interlayer (3) between the panes; beads (4) fix the glazing unit to the timber door (5); and a thermally conductive material (6) is located between the glazing unit and the is timber door.

Configuration C A partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration C is depicted cross-sectionally in Figure 3. This multi threat-proof glazed timber door has a glazing unit consisting of a first pane (1) and a second pane (1) which both have a coating (2) on a surface orientated inwards; an interlayer (3) between the panes; beads (8), glazing tape (4), and a setting block (5) fix the glazing unit to the timber door (9); and a thermally conductive material (11) is located between the glazing unit and the timber door. There is an intumescent gasket (6) between the setting block and an aperture liner (10), and bead screws (7) secure the beads to the door.

Configuration D A partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration D is depicted cross-sectionally in Figure 4. This multi threat-proof glazed timber door has a more complex glazing unit, and consists of a glazing unit consisting of a first pane (1) and a second pane so (1) which both have a coating (4) on a surface orientated inwards, a third pane (2), and an interlayer (3) between the first and second pane, and the second and third pane; beads (5) fix the glazing unit to the timber door (6); and a thermally conductive material (7) is located between the glazing unit and the timber door.

-37 -Configuration E A partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration E is depicted cross-sectionally in Figure 5. This multi threat-proof glazed timber door has a more complex glazing unit, and consists of a glazing unit consisting of a first pane (1) and a second pane (1) which both have a coating (2) on a surface orientated inwards, and an interlayer (3) between the first and second pane; a third pane (6), is separated from the second pane by a spacer (8) and defines an internal space (7) enclosed by a primary seal (10) and a secondary seal (11); beads (4) fix the glazing unit to the timber door (5); and a thermally conductive material (9) is located between the portion of the glazing unit that comprises the first pane and second pane, and the timber door.

Configuration F A multi threat-proof glazed timber door of configuration F is depicted in Figure 6. This multi threat-proof glazed timber door consists of a glazing unit (3); beads (5) fix the glazing unit to the timber door (4); the door is held in a resting position in the frame by a closer (1); and is hinged to the frame (6) is by hinges (2); it has a lock (8) and handle (7).

Configuration G A partial cross section of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door containing a glazing unit of configuration G is depicted cross-sectionally in Figure 7 for the purposes of illustrating what is meant by "glazing rebate" and edge cover". This multi threat-proof glazed timber door has a glazing unit consisting of a first pane (1) and a second pane (1) which both have a coating (2) on a surface orientated inwards; an interlayer (3) between the panes; beads (5) fix the glazing unit to the timber door (6). The glazing rebate (4) is the recess marked with hatched lines. The amount the glazing rebate overlaps the pane(s) is referred to as the edge cover (7).

EXAMPLES

The following examples are for illustration only and should not be taken to limit the scope of the invention.

Fire Testing In the following examples, fire tests were conducted to BS476 pts 20 and 22 fire resistance standards. These standards cover methods for determining the fire resistance of non-load bearing elements of construction. The objective of determining fire resistance is to assess the behaviour of a specimen of an element of building construction when subjected to defined heating and pressure conditions over a defined time period.

-38 -The sample to be tested was fixed into a frame on the surface of a furnace, and subjected to heating conditions as defined by the standard time-temperature curve set out in EN 1363-1 and ISO 8341 and used in BS476.

The glazing units comprising the first pane and the second pane were prepared by the following s processes: i. cutting the panes (as defined in each example below) to size; ii. edge grinding the panes to form a Polished Edge and End (see Table 1) on all edges of the panes; iii. thermally toughening by processes known in the art in order to achieve minimum characteristic bending strength above 190 MPa and a breaking fragmentation pattern of > or equal to 40 io fragments; and iv. forming a laminated unit with the PVB interlayer (as defined in each example below) by placing it between the (coated) panes, running the glazing unit through a nip roller with an exiting temperature of 60°C to 65°C, and then heating the unit in an auto slave at 12.5 to 13.5 bar pressure for 4 hr 15 mins in order to remove and remaining air pockets.

is In Example 2, where a third pane was added to make a more complex glazing unit, a spacer was applied to the perimeter of the glazing unit surface and, a third pane applied to the spacer in order to create a defined space. Adhesive was used to bond the spacer to the panes, and the perimeter of this complex glazing unit was subsequently sealed by a primary seal in order to hermetically seal and weather proof the unit and a secondary seal was added in order to give added structural strength to the resultant glazing unit.

Example 1

Example 1.1: Door A: Anti attack door BS476 fire test Multi threat-proof glazed timber Door A. This door and glazing unit is of the configuration of Figure 3 but without the aperture liner, and has the following properties: * Glazing unit: o Interlayer: consisting of one 0.76 mm layer of Trosifol TM PVB laminated between two 6 mm thick toughened coated glasses, having the coatings on a surface orientated inwards; o Glass dimensions: 351 mm x 1602 mm; o Coated glass: AGC iplus ET®; o The glass was positioned in the aperture using three hardwood setting blocks to achieve 8-10 mm edge cover; * Thermally conductive material: o Vitomium® PET 230 aluminium multilaminate tape which overlaps the glass faces on the exterior of the glazing unit by 8 mm; -39 - * Timber door: o Strebord® 54 mm FD60 door (GDC); * Glazing fixings: o Sapele hardwood bead (28.5 mm (W) x 22.3 mm (H) with 8.5 mm (W) x 5.7 mm s bolection and 25° chamfer); * Bead Fixing: o Steel screws; * Intumescent Gasket: o Thermasol® intumescent tape topped with ISL 60 Plus® 20x5 mm glazing tape; and * Glazing Tape: o Sea!master® FireGlaze tape 13x2.5 mm. This door survived for 68 minutes without integrity failure.

Example 1.2: Door B: Anti attack door B5476 fire test is Multi threat-proof glazed timber Door B. This door and glazing unit is of the configuration of Figure 3 but without the aperture liner, and has the following properties: * Glazing unit: o Interlayer: consisting of one 0.76 mm layer of Trosifol TM PVB laminated between two 6 mm thick toughened coated glasses, having the coatings on a surface orientated inwards; o Glass dimensions: 201 mm x 1602 mm; o Coated glass: AGC iplus ET®; o The glass was positioned in the aperture using three hardwood setting blocks to achieve 8-10 mm edge cover; * Thermally conductive material: o Vitomium ® PET 230 aluminium multilaminate tape which overlaps the glass faces on the exterior of the glazing unit by 8 mm; * Timber door: o Strebord® 54 mm FD60 door (GDC); * Glazing fixings: o Sapele hardwood bead (22.5 mm (W) x 22 mm (H) with 6 mm (W) x 2 mm bolection and 25° chamfer); * Bead Fixing: o Steel screws; * Intumescent Gasket: o Thermasol® intumescent liner topped with ISL 60 Plus® 20x5 mm glazing tape; and -40 - * Glazing Tape: o Sealmaster® FireGlaze tape 13x2.5 mm. This door survived for 68 minutes without integrity failure.

s Example 2: Anti attack door BS476 fire test suitable for external use Example 2.1: Door A: A multi-threat IGU Multi threat-proof glazed timber Door A. This door is of the configuration of Figure 3 but without the aperture liner, and the glazing unit is the complex glazing unit of Figure 5 with three panes of glass. In this Example, the third pane is orientated away from the fire and the door and glazing unit io have the following properties: * Glazing unit comprising first and second pane: o Interlayer: of construction consisting of one 0.76 mm layer of Trosifol TM PVB laminated between two 6 mm thick toughened coated glasses, having the coatings on a surface orientated inwards and converted into an IGU; is o Glass dimensions: 351 mm x 1599 mm; o Coated glass: AGC iplus ET®; * Third pane: o Material: 4 mm toughened safety glass; o Dimensions: 351 mm x 1599 mm; * The complex glazing unit was positioned in the aperture using three hardwood setting blocks to achieve 8-10 mm edge cover; * Spacer: o 6 mm stainless steel spacer; * Seal: o Polyisobutylene primary seal and polysulphide secondary seal; * Thermally conductive material: o Vitomium PET 230 aluminium multilaminate tape which overlaps the glass faces on the exterior of the glazing unit by 8 mm; * Timber door: o Strebord® 54 mm FD60 door blank (GDC); * Glazing fixings: o Sapele hardwood bead (29.5 mm (W) x 18.7 mm (H) with 10 mm (W) x 5.5 mm bolection and 20° chamfer); * Bead Fixing: o Steel screws; * Intumescent Gasket: -41 -o Thermasol® intumescent liner topped with ISL 60 Plus 20x5 mm tape; and * Glazing Tape: o Sealmaster® FireGlaze tape 13x2.5 mm.

This door survived for 68 minutes without integrity failure.

Example 2.2: Door B: Anti attack door BS476 fire test suitable for external use Multi threat-proof glazed timber Door A. This door is of the configuration of Figure 3 but without the aperture liner, and the glazing unit is the complex glazing unit of Figure 5 with three panes of glass. In this Example, the third pane is orientated towards the fire. The door and glazing unit have io the following properties: * Glazing unit comprising first and second pane: o Interlayer: consisting of one 0.76 mm layer of Trosifol TM PVB laminated between two 6 mm thick toughened coated glasses, having the coatings on a surface orientated inwards and converted into an IGU; is o Glass dimensions: 201 mm x 1600 mm; o Coated glass: AGC iplus ET®; o Interlayer: one 0.76 mm layer of PVB; * Third pane: o Material: 4 mm toughened safety glass; o Dimensions: 351 mm x 1599 mm; * The complex glazing unit was positioned in the aperture using three hardwood setting blocks to achieve 8-10 mm edge cover; * Spacer: o 6 mm stainless steel spacer; * Seal: o Polyisobutylene primary seal and polysulphide secondary seal; * Thermally conductive material: o Vitomium PET 230 aluminium multilaminate tape which overlaps the glass faces on the exterior of the glazing unit by 8 mm; * Timber door: o Strebord® 54 mm FD60 door (GDC); * Glazing fixings: o Sapele hardwood bead (29.5 mm (W) x 18.7 mm (H) with 10 mm (W) x 5.5 mm bolection and 20° chamfer); * Bead Fixing: o Steel screws; -42 - * Intumescent Gasket: o Thermasol® intumescent liner topped with ISL 60 Plus 20x5 mm tape; and * Glazing Tape: o Sealmaster® FireGlaze tape 13 mm x2.5 mm; s This door survived for 68 minutes without integrity failure.

Reference Example 1: Pvroguard T-EW60/6 VF RV; Generic test on a p4a rated anti attack glass only housed in timber frame rather than door In this Example, the glazing unit is of the configuration of Figure 2 but is housed in a timber to frame (rather than a door) for the purposes of evaluation of the glazing unit itself. The glazing unit and frame have the following properties: * Housing frame o Hardwood timber frame; * Glazing unit: o Inerlayer: consisting of one 0.76 mm layer of Trosifol TM PVB laminated between two 6 mm thick toughened coated glasses, having the coatings on a surface orientated inwards; o Glass dimensions: 790 mm x 1190 mm; o Coated glass: AGC iplus ET®; o The glass was positioned in the aperture using two hardwood setting blocks to achieve 8-10 mm edge cover; * Thermally conductive material: o Vitomium PET 230 aluminium multilaminate tape which overlaps the glass faces on the exterior of the glazing unit by 8 mm; * Fixings: o Hardwood timber bead & steel screws; * Intumescent Gasket: o Thermasol® intumescent tape topped with ISL 60 Plus 20x5 mm tape; and * Glazing Tape: o Sealmaster® intumescent foam tape.

This glazing unit survived for 66 minutes without integrity failure.

Anti-attack (EN356) testing EN356 testing involves destructive testing of glazing units in order to classify their resistance to attack. Glazing units are subjected to a test in which steel balls were repeatedly dropped from an elevated height onto the surface. In this test, failure is recorded when the glass is penetrated. The -43 -results are classified P1A to P5A depending on the number of balls and the dropping height they have withstood, with P5A being the highest rating. The P5A test, for example, involves dropping a 4.11 kg ball from a 9 m height, 9 times.

Success in such testing is normally achieved by using a laminated glass and typically, the thicker s the laminate the higher the rating. The tests in the table below demonstrates that the glazing unit of the present invention achieves significantly higher rating than one of a simple annealed glass laminate (Reference Example 1). The glazing unit of Example 1 achieved a P4A rating making it suitable for a component in an anti-attack door.

Example Hard body of Glass construction and PVB type EN356 Classification mass (4.11 kg) drop height in m (multiple) Reference 1.5 m (3x) Two annealed 6 mm panes P1A Example laminated together with (0.76 mm 1 Trosifol BGR20 ®PVB) 1 9.0 m (3x) Two toughened 6 mm panes P4A having (0.76 mm Trosifol BGR20® PVB) each having a It ET soft Low E coating (AGC iplus ET®) on a surface orientated inwards -44 -

Claims (27)

1. Claims What is claimed is: 1. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door comprising: 1. a glazing unit, wherein said glazing unit comprises: a. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; b. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; c. an interlayer between a. and b.; 2. a timber door; 3. glazing fixings to secure the glazing unit; and 4. a thermally conductive material located between the glazing unit and the timber door.
2. 2. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second pane has a coating on a surface orientated inwards.
3. 3. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second pane does not have a coating on a surface orientated inwards.
4. 4. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first pane and the second pane are the same.
5. 5. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first pane and the second pane are different.
6. 6. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed any one of claims 1-5, wherein the timber is a hardwood, softwood, medium density fibreboard (MDF), graduated density chipboard (GDC), exotic (i.e. non-European) wood, indigenous (i.e. UK or European) wood, timber of density 200-1300 kg/m', glue laminated wood, chipwood, chipboard, high density fibreboard, a composite, or a laminate.
7. 7. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the first pane comprises toughened soda-lime silicate glass.
8. -45 - 8. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the minimum characteristic bending strength of the toughened glass is at least 190 MPa, when subjected to a 4 point bending test.
9. 9. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the toughened glass has a thickness of between 4 mm and 12 mm.
10. 10. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, wherein there is at least one additional pane.
11. 11. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-10, wherein at least one edge of one pane has been ground or polished.
12. 12. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-11, wherein all is edges of all panes have a Polished Pencil Edge or a Polished Edge and End:
13. 13. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-12, wherein the coating comprises an infra-red reflecting hard or soft coating.
14. 14. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-13, wherein the coating comprises a single, double, triple or multi-layer.
15. 15. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-14, wherein the coating comprises a metal or metal oxide.
16. 16. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-15, wherein the interlayer comprises one or more layers.Polished Pencil Edge ts, Polished Edge and EndP DI-46 -
17. 17. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-16, wherein the interlayer comprises polyvinyl butyral.
18. 18. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-17, wherein the interlayer is between 0.3 mm and 8 mm in thickness.
19. 19. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-18, wherein the thermally conductive material comprises a conductive metal.
20. 20. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-19, wherein the thermally conductive material comprises aluminium.
21. 21. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-20, wherein the thermally conductive material extends around the perimeter of the glazing unit and overlaps the is faces of the glazing unit forming a U-shaped channel.
22. 22. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-21, wherein the thermally conductive material is less than 12 mm in thickness.zo
23. 23. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-22, wherein the glazing fixings are one or more timber beads.
24. 24. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-23, wherein the glazed timber door is capable of achieving a fire resistance rating of EW 30 mins.
25. 25. A multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-24, wherein the glazing unit is at least capable of withstanding a 4.11 kg ball dropped from a 1.5 m height, 3 times; and resisting the pendulum soft body impact of a SO kg object from a drop height of 1200 mm.
26. 26. The use of a glazing unit and a thermally conductive material, in a timber door, to form a multi threat-proof glazed timber door, wherein the glazing unit comprises: d. a first pane comprising toughened glass which has a coating on a surface orientated inwards; e. a second pane with an optional coating on a surface orientated inwards; f. an interlayer between a. and b.; -47 -and wherein the thermally conductive material is located between the glazing unit and the timber door; wherein the thermally conductive material, the timber door, the first pane, the coating, the second pane and the interlayer are as defined in any one of claims 2-25.
27. 27. A process for the manufacture of a multi threat-proof glazed timber door as claimed in any one of claims 1-25, which process comprises: (a) providing a coated first pane and an optionally coated second pane, cutting them to size and then toughening them as required; (b) laminating the two panes to each other using an appropriate interlayer; io (c) applying thermally conductive material to the glazing unit; (d) providing a timber door having an aperture suitable to house the glazing unit; (e) placing the glass in the aperture and fixing it in place using the glazing fixings.-48 -