GB2576730A

GB2576730A - Inductive rechargeable energy storage device

Info

Publication number: GB2576730A
Application number: GB1814018.6A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Qiu Fulian; Qi Suxia
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-08-29
Filing date: 2018-08-29
Publication date: 2020-03-04
Also published as: GB201909152D0; GB2584990A; GB201814018D0; GB201906470D0

Abstract

An inductive chargeable energy storage device 10 comprises an energy storage unit 11 and a diode 12. The energy storage unit includes a positive electrode spiral coil 21 on one side of an insulating substrate, a negative electrode spiral coil 31 on one side of another insulating substrate and a separator between the positive and negative electrode spiral coils. The positive coil, the diode and the negative coil are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit. When the circuit is coupled to a primary or transmitter circuit 41 of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of the positive and negative coils receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly from the primary or transmitter coil 42, convert the electric energy to DC, so that the received electric energy is stored in the positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.

Description

Inductive Chargeable Energy Storage Device

TECHNICAL FIELD [001] This invention relates to an electric energy storage device. More particularly, this invention relates to a planar energy storage device which is self-inductive or selfwireless chargeable.

BACKGROUND ART [002] A flat rechargeable energy storage device, such as a secondary battery or a supercapacitor, which has low volume and may be made flexible, has been developed, as power source, for many applications in wearing electronics, smart display, sensing, small gargets and implant.

[003] A battery or supercapacitor in an electronic device can be charged in two ways: one is connected to an AC-DC converter, the other is put on an inductive or wireless charger. For the inductive rechargeable device, such as a mobile or electric toothbrush, a secondary coil of a secondary circuit or a receiver coil of a receiver circuit in the device receives electric energy from a primary or a transmitter coil of an inductive charging platform, and the received electric energy is stored in a battery or a supercapacitor which is connected to the secondary or receiver circuit. As there is no electrical connection between the charging platform and the electric device, the inductive charging is convenient and safe.

[004] For example, an implanted device such as a pacemaker continues running with electric power from its implanted energy storage pack which need to be charged regularly, the inductive charging provides a wireless and painless charging process.

[005] With introduction of a secondary circuit in a wireless chargeable device, the device becomes bulky. New design is required and extra cost is needed.

[006] So far, no energy storage devices such as secondary batteries or supercapacitors can be charged inductively or wirelessly without connecting to a secondary inductive charging circuit including a secondary coil or a receiver coil.

SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION [007] An essential object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage device which is self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable.

[008] A further object of the present invention is to provide a circuit connection method of making an inductive chargeable energy storage device.

[009] In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inductive chargeable energy storage device comprising:

(1) a diode; and (2) an energy storage unit comprising a positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of an electrically insulating substrate; a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on another electrically insulating substrate; and a separator between the positive and negative electrode spiral coils being spiralled in opposite directions and each and having a conductor;

wherein the positive electrode spiral coil, the diode and the negative electrode spiral coil are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils function as two independent energy receiver coils, receive electric energy from a transmitter coil of the transmitter circuit and convert the electric energy back to a direct current, so that the received electric energy is stored in the positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.

[010] The inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is preferably formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode spiral coil, although the circuit may also be formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode spiral coil.

[011] When coupled to a transmitter coil of a transmitter circuit, the conductors of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils will have two separate AC voltages induced therein and the voltages are additive.

[012] The inductive chargeable energy storage circuit will have a DC current induced therein when coupled to a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform.

[013] When coupled to a transmitter coil of an inductive charging platform, the positive and negative electrode spiral coils store the electric energy received wirelessly by the conductors thereof.

[014] When coupled to a transmitter coil of an inductive charging platform, the positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has two functionalities: one is, as a coil, to receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly by the conductor thereof; the other is, as an electrode, to store the electric energy therein.

[015] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils each is composed of a plurality of turns.

[016] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils each preferably has an air core for passing magnetic flux lines when coupled to a transmitter coil of an inductive charging platform.

[017] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils each may be a planar coil formed by disposing a conductor and an electrode material layer on an insulating substrate sequentially, and the layers may be formed by means of cutting-adhering (preferably), but alternatively screen-printing, ink-jet printing, 3D printing, spraying printing, doctor-blade coating, laser cutting, electro/electroless plating, vacuum deposition, plasma coating or any combination thereof.

[018] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils each may also be a planar wound coil formed from a wire-like electrode.

[019] The conductor of the wire-like electrode is preferably a cylindrical wire, but alternatively a square wire, a flat wire or any bundle thereof.

[020] Each planar coil or planar wound coil is preferably a rectangular spiral coil, but alternatively a circular spiral coil, a square spiral coil, an oval spiral coil, an elliptical spiral coil, a polygonal spiral coil or any other irregular spiral coils.

[021] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils preferably have equal numbers of turns, equal core areas, equal turn widths or equal turn wire radii and equal gap widths of adjacent turns.

[022] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has a leading away end pointer and the energy storage unit is preferably configured such that the leading away end pointers of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils point to the same direction.

[023] The conductor of each of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils is formed of (preferably) copper, but alternatively silver, nickel, aluminium, nichrome or copper alloy, which is dependent on the polarity thereof.

[024] The conductor of each of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils preferably has an electrically conductive protection layer to protect it from chemical and electrochemical corrosion.

[025] The protection layer is formed of carbon material (preferably), such as graphite, graphene, carbon nanotube or carbon nanoparticles, but alternatively nickel, titanium, silver, aluminium, platinum or any other anti-corrosion metals.

[026] The device is a self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable and a rechargeable device.

[027] The energy storage unit is preferably an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (supercapacitor), but alternatively a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery and a capacitor.

[028] The separator is formed of gel electrolyte (preferably), but alternatively semisolid-state electrolyte, solid-state electrolyte and ion-conducting membrane socked with liquid electrolyte or dielectric material.

[029] The diode is preferably permanently connected to the positive and negative electrode spiral coils, although the diode may also be detachably attached to both electrode coils.

[030] The diode is preferably a Zener diode which is selected such that the Zener voltage is equal to the nominal voltage of the energy storage unit. When the Zener voltage is exceeded, the current allows to flow in both directions of the diode.

[031] In accordance with a second aspect of present invention, there is provided a connection method of making an inductive chargeable energy storage device as defined above, comprising: preferably, connecting the outer end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and connecting the anode of diode to the outer end of the negative electrode spiral coil; but alternatively, connecting the inner end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and connecting the anode of diode to the inner end of the negative electrode spiral coil.

[032] In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inductive chargeable energy storage device comprising:

(1) a diode; and (2) an energy storage unit comprising a first positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a first electrically insulating substrate; a first negative electrode spiral coil disposed on a second electrically insulating substrate; a second negative electrode spiral coil and a second positive electrode spiral coil disposed on opposite sides of a third electrically insulating substrate, respectively, being spiralled in opposite directions and electrically interconnected through the third substrate to form a continuous bi-electrode spiral coil; and two separators; wherein the first positive electrode spiral coil, the bi-electrode spiral coil and the first negative electrode spiral coil are put face-to-face together with the separators after said first and second positive electrode spiral coils, respectively, to form two energy storage elements in series, the positive and negative electrode spiral coils of each of the energy storage elements being spiralled in opposite directions and each comprising a plurality of turns having a conductor;

wherein the first positive electrode spiral coil, the diode and the first negative electrode spiral coil are connected in series with the energy storage elements to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of said first and second positive and negative electrode spiral coils receive electric energy from a transmitter coil of the transmitter circuit and convert the electric energy back to a direct current, so that the received electric energy is stored in said positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.

[033] said bi-electrode spiral coil is preferably formed by electrically connecting the outer end of the second negative electrode spiral coil and the outer end of the second positive electrode spiral coil and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of the first positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the first negative electrode spiral coil, although said bi-electrode spiral coil may also be formed by electrically connecting the inner end of the second negative electrode spiral coil and the inner end of the second positive electrode spiral coil and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the first positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the first negative electrode spiral coil.

[034] Each of said first and second positive and negative electrode spiral coils preferably has an air core for passing magnetic flux lines.

[035] Said first and second positive and negative electrode spiral coils preferably have equal numbers of turns, equal core areas, equal turn widths or equal turn wire radii and equal gap widths of adjacent turns.

[036] The first and second positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has a leading away end pointer and the energy storage unit is preferably configured such that the leading away end pointers of the first and second positive electrode spiral coils and the leading away end pointer of the first negative electrode spiral coil point to the same direction.

[037] The energy storage unit may further comprise a plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils and a plurality of said separators, wherein the plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils are disposed between said first positive and negative electrode spiral coils with the plurality of said separators after the plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils, respectively, to form a plurality of energy storage elements in series.

[038] The plurality of the energy storage elements in series provides higher voltage output than that of each of the plurality of the energy storage elements [039] Each of the plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils is preferably formed by electrically connecting the outer end of the negative electrode spiral coil thereof and the outer end of the positive electrode spiral coil thereof and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of the first positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the first negative electrode spiral coil, although each of the plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils may also be formed by electrically connecting the inner end of the negative electrode spiral coil thereof and the inner end of the positive electrode spiral coil thereof and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the first positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the first negative electrode spiral coil [040] Said energy storage unit may be one selected from the group consisting of an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (supercapacitor), a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery and a capacitor.

[041] The device is self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable and rechargeable.

[042] In accordance with a fourth aspect of present invention, there is provided an inductive chargeable energy storage device, comprising:

(1) a diode; and (2) an energy storage unit comprising a positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of an electrically insulating substrate; a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on another electrically insulating substrate; and a separator between the positive and negative electrode spiral coils being spiralled in the same direction and each comprising a plurality of turns and having a conductor; wherein the positive electrode spiral coil, the diode and the negative electrode spiral coil are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils receive electric energy from a transmitter coil of the transmitter circuit and convert the electric energy back to a direct current, so that the received electric energy is stored in the positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.

[043] The inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is preferably formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode spiral coil, although the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit may also be formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode spiral coil. [044] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils each preferably has an air core for passing magnetic flux lines.

[045] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has more than one turn. [046] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils preferably have equal numbers of turns, equal core areas, equal turn widths or equal turn wire radii and equal gap widths of adjacent turns.

[047] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has a leading away end pointer and the energy storage unit is preferably configured such that the leading away end pointers of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils point to the same direction.

[048] The energy storage unit may be one selected from the group consisting of an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (supercapacitor), a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery and a capacitor.

[049] The device is self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable and rechargeable.

[050] In accordance with a fifth aspect of present invention, there is provided an inductive chargeable energy storage device, comprising:

(1) a diode; and (2) an energy storage unit comprising a positive electrode spiral coil and a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of an electrically insulating substrate and being in parallel concentrically; another electrically insulating substrate; and a separator between the substrate and the positive and negative electrode spiral coils each comprising a plurality of turns and having a conductor; wherein the positive electrode spiral coil, the diode and the negative electrode spiral coil are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is coupled to a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils receive electric energy from a transmitter coil of the transmitter circuit and convert the electric energy back to a direct current, so that the received electric energy is stored in the positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.

[051] The inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is preferably formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode spiral coil, although the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit may also be formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode spiral coil. [052] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils preferably have a common air core for passing magnetic flux lines.

[053] The energy storage unit may be one selected from the group consisting of an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (supercapacitor), a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery and a capacitor.

[054] The device is self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable and rechargeable.

BRIEF DISCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [055] A number of preferred embodiments of the invention will now described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[056] FIG. 1a is a perspective view of an inductive chargeable energy storage device in accordance with the present invention showing a positive electrode element and a negative electrode element separated by a separator and connected to a diode to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit, [057] FIG. 1b is a perspective view of the positive electrode element in FIG. 1a, showing a positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a flat substrate and substrate and spiralling out in the clockwise direction, [058] FIG. 1c is a perspective view of the negative electrode element in FIG. 1a, showing a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a flat substrate and spiralling out in the clockwise direction, [059] FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit of the inductive chargeable energy storage device of FIG. 1a together with a secondary circuit or a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform for charging the device, explaining an inductive charging mechanism, [060] FIG. 3a is a perspective view of another inductive chargeable energy storage device in accordance with the present invention, showing a bi-electrode element disposed between a positive electrode element and a negative electrode element with separators therebetween, respectively, and the positive and negative electrode elements connected to a diode to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit, [061] FIG. 3b is a perspective view of the positive electrode element in FIG. 3a, showing a positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a flat substrate and spiralling out in the clockwise direction, [062] FIG. 3c is a perspective view of the bi-electrode element in FIG. 3a, showing a negative electrode spiral coil and a positive electrode spiral coil disposed on opposite sides of a flat substrate, respectively, and being spiralled in opposite directions, [063] FIG. 3d is a perspective view of the negative electrode element in FIG. 3a, showing a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a flat substrate and spiralling out in the clockwise direction, [064] FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit of the inductive chargeable energy storage device of FIG. 3a, [065] FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit of another inductive chargeable energy storage device in accordance with the present invention, illustrating a plurality of bi-electrode spiral coils disposed between a positive electrode spiral coil and a negative spiral coil connected to a diode to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit, [066] FIG. 6a is a perspective view of another inductive chargeable energy storage device in accordance with the present invention, showing a positive electrode element, a negative electrode element separated by a separator and connected to a diode to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit, [067] FIG. 6b is a perspective view of the positive electrode element in FIG. 6a, showing a positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a flat substrate and spiralling out in the clockwise direction, [068] FIG. 6c is a perspective view of the negative electrode element in FIG. 6a, showing a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a flat substrate and spiralling out in the counterclockwise direction, [069] FIG. 7a is a perspective view of an inductive chargeable coplanar energy storage device in accordance with the present invention, showing a coplanar energy storage element and a flat substrate separated by a separator, and the coplanar energy storage element connected to a diode to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit, [070] FIG. 7b is a perspective view of the coplanar energy storage element in FIG. 6a, showing a positive electrode spiral coil and a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a flat substrate and being in parallel concentrically, [071] FIG. 8 shows inductive charging and self-discharging cycles recorded for an inductive chargeable supercapacitor having a planar positive electrode spiral coil and a planar negative electrode spiral coil as shown in FIG. 1, [072] FIG. 9 shows inductive charging and self-discharging cycles recorded for an inductive chargeable supercapacitor having a positive planar wound electrode spiral coil and a negative planar wound electrode spiral coil, and [073] FIG. 10 shows inductive charging and self-discharging cycles recorded for an inductive chargeable supercapacitor having two planar wound supercapacitors connected in series.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [074] In FIG. 1a, an inductive chargeable energy storage device 10 comprises an energy storage unit 11 and a diode 12. The energy storage unit 11 includes a positive electrode element 20 (FIG. 1b), a negative electrode element 30 (FIG. 1c) and a separator 25. The unit 11 is formed by putting the positive electrode element 20 and the negative electrode element 30 face-to-face together with the separator 25 between the electrode elements 20 and 30. As shown in FIG. 1b, the positive electrode element 20 includes a planar rectangular positive electrode spiral coil 21 which is disposed on one side of a flat substrate 22 and spirals out in the clockwise direction; the positive electrode spiral coil 21 has an air core 23 and a leading away end pointer 24. As shown in FIG. 1c, the negative electrode element 30 includes a planar rectangular negative electrode spiral coil 31 which is disposed on one side of a flat substrate 32 and spirals out in the clockwise direction; the negative electrode spiral coil 31 has an air core 33 and a leading away end pointer 34.

[075] Each of the electrode spiral coils is composed of a number of turns and comprises a conductor and an electrode material layer on the conductor.

[076] Referring to FIG. 1a, the electrode spiral coils 21 and 31 become spiralled in opposite directions; the electrode spiral coil 31 is shown in dot lines which represent the electrode spiral coil on the other side of the substrate as viewed from above. The positive electrode spiral coil 21, the diode 12 and the negative electrode spiral coil 31 are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit; the circuit may be formed by connecting the cathode of the diode to an outer end 26 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 21 (FIG. 1 b) and the anode of the diode to an outer end 36 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 31 (FIG. 1c). Alternatively, the circuit may be formed by connecting the cathode of the diode to an inner end 27 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 21 through a pre-registered electrical connector 28 on the substrate 22 from the opposite side of the substrate 22 (FIG. 1b) and the anode of the diode to an inner end 37 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 31 through a preregistered electrical connector 38 on the substrate 32 from the opposite side of the substrate 32 (FIG. 1c). The respective outer and inner ends may serve as two electrode terminals to connect to an external load.

[077] Each of the electrode spiral coils may be a circular spiral coil, a square spiral coil, a polygonal spiral coil, an oval spiral coil, an elliptical spiral coil or any other irregular spiral coils.

[078] Each of the electrode spiral coils may be a planar coil which is formed by disposing a conductor and an electrode material layer sequentially on one side of a substrate by means of cutting-adhering, screen printing, 2D inkjet printing, 3D printing, doctor-blade coating, laser cutting, spraying printing, electroplating I electroless plating, vacuum coating, plasma, etching or any combination thereof.

[079] Each of the electrode spiral coils may be a planar wound coil which is formed by winding a wire-like electrode together with a wire-like spacer side by side around a coil supporter in turns concentrically and spirally, and disposed on a flat substrate. The wire-like electrode is formed by coating a wire conductor with desired electrode material; the conductor wire may be a cylindrical wire, a square wire or any bundles thereof.

[080] Each planar coil or planar wound coil may be disposed in a channel on a flat substrate.

[081] Each said air core may have a substantial core area for passing magnetic flux lines in order to facilitate inductive charging when the coils are coupled to a primary coil or a transmitter coil of an inductive charging platform.

[082] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils may have equal numbers of turns, equal core areas, equal turn widths or equal turn wire radii and equal gap widths between adjacent turns, and the leading away end pointers 24 and 34 may point to the same direction.

[083] Each said substrate is an electrical insulator which may be formed of plastic, ceramic or any combination thereof for conducting magnetic field, and may be rigid or flexible. The separator may be formed of gel electrolyte, semi-solid-state electrolyte, solid-state electrolyte, and ion conducting membrane socked with liquid electrolyte or dielectric material. The electrode material may be selected from those used in conventional secondary batteries, supercapacitors or capacitors. Each conductor may be formed of high electrically conductive material, such as copper or aluminium, but alternatively nickel, nichrome, silver or copper alloy, and may have an electrically conductive layer for protecting the conductor from chemical and electrochemical corrosion; the protection layer may be selected from the group consisting of carbon nanoparticle, graphene, carbon nanotube, graphite, titanium, silver, nickel, aluminium or other anti-corrosion metals.

[084] The energy storage unit may be sealed at edges using adhesive gaskets or non-conductive polymer resin, such as epoxy, silicones, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA); the regions of pre-registered electrical connectors may be sealed using the resin to prevent electrolyte from leaking.

[085] The energy storage unit may be an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (supercapacitor), a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitorbattery or a capacitor.

[086] The device 10 may be charged inductively or wirelessly when the electrode spiral coils are coupled to a primary coil or a transmitter coil of an inductive charging platform. FIG. 2 show a schematic circuit of the inductive chargeable energy storage device 10 together with a primary (or transmitter) circuit of an inductive charging platform 41 for charging the energy storage unit 11; as shown in FIG. 2, the charging platform 41 includes a primary (or transmitter) coil 42, an air core or a magnetic core 43 and a power source 44. The power source 44 is connected to the primary (or transmitter) coil 42. In the device 10, the positive and negative electrode spiral coils 21 and 31 are spiralled in opposite directions and connected to the diode 12 in series. [087] When the primary (or transmitter) coil 42 is passed through an alternating current, magnetic field is generated in the core 43; the conductors of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils 21 and 31 function as two independent secondary (or receiver) coils, receive electric energy from the primary (or transmitter) coil 42 through the magnetic field and convert the electric energy back to two separate voltages which are additive, further to a rectified direct current by the diode 12; the direct current flows through the circuit of the device 10 in the direction as indicated by an arrow 45 so that the energy storage unit 11 is charged, and the electric energy is stored in the respective electrode material layers of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof depending on the functionalities of the respective electrode material layers of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils. Hence the device is self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable. For the convenience, the internal equivalent circuit of the energy storage unit 11 is not shown in FIG. 2.

[088] Both the positive and negative electrode spiral coils have two functionalities of receiving electric energy inductively or wirelessly by the conductors thereof and storing the electric energy in the electrode material layers thereof when the coils are coupled to a primary (or transmitter) coil of an inductive charging platform.

[089] The voltage induced in each of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils is dependent on the number of turns, the turn width or turn wire radius, the gap width between adjacent turns and the core area of each of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils.

[090] In the device 10, the diode 12 may be permanently attached to the electrode spiral coils 21 and 31, for instance using welded or soldered connection. Alternatively, the diode may be easily detachable from the electrode spiral coils, for instance by using female-pine connection, allowing the diode to be removed from the circuit when the device is not undergoing an inductive charging process.

[091] FIG. 3a shows a further embodiment of an inductive chargeable energy storage device 100 in accordance with present invention; the device 100 includes an energy storage unit 150 and a diode 13. In FIG. 3a, the unit 150 includes a positive electrode element 110 (FIG. 3b), a bi-electrode element 120 (FIG. 3c), a negative electrode element 130 (FIG. 3d) and two separators 140 between the elements 110 and 120, and between the elements 120 and 130, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3b, the positive electrode element 110 includes a planar positive electrode spiral coil 101 which is disposed on one side of a flat substrate 102 and spirals out in the clockwise direction. As shown in FIG. 3c, the bi-electrode element 120 includes a planar negative electrode spiral coil 111 disposed on one side of a flat substrate 112 and a planar positive electrode spiral coil 121 disposed on the opposite side of the substrate 112; the electrode spiral coil 111 spirals out in the clockwise direction and the spiral coil 121 spirals out in the counterclockwise direction as viewed from above. An outer end 114 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 111 and an outer end 124 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 121 may be electrically interconnected through a pre-registered electrical connector 117 on the substrate 112 to form a continuous bi-electrode spiral coil with the spiral coil 111 spiralling out and the spiral coil 121 spiralling in. As shown in FIG. 3d, the negative electrode element 130 includes a planar negative electrode spiral coil 131 which is disposed on one side of a flat substrate 132 and spirals out in the clockwise direction. As shown in FIG. 3a, the positive electrode element 110, the bi-electrode element 120 and the negative electrode element 130 are put face-to-face together with one separator after each said positive electrode spiral coil to form two energy storage elements in series, the electrode spiral coil 101 and 111 become spiralled in opposite directions and the electrode spiral coil 121 and 131 are spiralled in opposite directions; the positive electrode spiral coil 101, the diode 13 and the negative electrode spiral coil 131 are connected in series with the energy storage elements such that an outer end 104 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 101 of the element 110 is connected to the cathode of the diode 13 and the anode of the diode 13 is connected to an outer end 134 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 131 of the element 130 to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit.

[092] Alternatively, the bi-electrode spiral coil may be formed by electrically connecting an inner end 116 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 111 and an inner end 126 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 121 through a pre-registered electrical connector 118 on the substrate 112, and the electrode spiral coil 111 spirals in and the spiral coil 121 spirals out; said inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the cathode of the diode 13 to an inner end 106 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 101 through a pre-registered electrical connector 107 on the substrate 102 from the opposite side of the substrate 102 (FIG. 3b) and the anode of the diode 13 to an inner end 136 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 131 through a pre-registered electrical connector 137 on the substrate 132 from the opposite side of the substrate 132 (FIG. 3d).

[093] The spiral coils 101, 111, 121 and 131 have respective leading away end pointers 103, 113, 123 and 133, and respective air cores 105, 115, 125 and 135; each air core may have a substantial core area for passing magnetic field.

[094] The interconnection region of the bi-electrode spiral coil is sealed using insulating resin and two energy storage elements are also sealed using insulating resin or gaskets, and isolated from each other to prevent electrolyte from crossing over.

[095] The four electrode spiral coils may have equal numbers of turns, equal core areas, equal turn widths or equal turn wire radii and equal gap widths between adjacent turns, and the leading away end pointers 103, 123 and 133 may point to the one direction and the leading away end pointer 113 points to the opposite direction.

[096] FIG. 4 shows a schematic circuit of the inductive chargeable energy storage device 100 in FIG. 3a. As shown in FIG. 4, the positive and the negative electrode spiral coils of each of the energy storage elements are spiralled in opposite directions; the negative electrode spiral coil 111 and the positive electrode spiral coil 121 are interconnected in series; the positive electrode spiral coil 101 is connected to the cathode of the diode 13 and the anode of the diode 13 is connected to the negative electrode spiral coil 131 to form a series circuit. When the positive and negative electrode spiral coils of the energy storage elements are coupled to a primary (or transmitter) coil of an inductive charging platform, four voltages are induced in the conductors of four electrode spiral coils, respectively. Subsequently, a DC flows through the circuit so that the unit 150 is charged.

[097] Referring to FIG. 3a and FIG. 4, although the construction and electrical connections of the inductive chargeable energy storage device 100 having an energy storage unit with one bi-electrode spiral coil disposed between a positive electrode spiral coil and a negative electrode spiral coil has been disclosed; in accordance with present invention, an inductive chargeable energy storage device having an energy storage unit with a plurality of bi-electrode spiral coils disposed between a positive electrode spiral coil and a negative electrode spiral coil may be constructed and connected in the same manner as described above. A schematic circuit 160 of the device is shown in FIG. 5, an energy storage unit 170 comprises a positive electrode spiral coil 181, a negative electrode spiral coil 182 and a plurality of bi-electrode spiral coils 190 which are disposed between the spiral coils 181 and 182 to form a plurality of energy storage elements in series; the bi-electrode spiral coil 190 includes a negative electrode spiral 191 and a positive electrode spiral coil 192 which are electrically connected in series. The positive electrode spiral coil 181, a diode 14 and the negative electrode spiral coil 182 are connected in series with the plurality of said energy storage elements to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit.

[098] FIG. 6a shows another embodiment of an inductive chargeable energy storage device 300 in accordance with present invention; the device 300 comprises an energy storage unit 350 and a diode 15. The unit 350 includes a positive electrode element 310, a negative electrode element 320 and a separator 340 which is disposed between the positive and negative electrode elements 310 and 320. As shown in FIG. 6b, the positive electrode element 310 includes a positive electrode spiral coil 311 which is disposed on one side of a flat substrate 312 and spirals out in the clockwise direction; the electrode spiral coil 311 has an air core 313 and a leading away end pointer 314. As shown in FIG. 6c, the negative electrode element 320 includes a negative electrode spiral coil 321 which is disposed on one side of a flat substrate 322 and spirals out in the counterclockwise direction; the electrode spiral coil 321 has an air core 323 and a leading away end pointer 324. Each air core may have a substantial core area for passing magnetic field.

[099] In FIG. 6a, the electrode spiral coils 311 and 321 become spiralled in the same direction and the leading away end pointers 314 and 324 of the electrode spiral coils may point to the same direction. The positive electrode spiral coil 311, the diode 15 and the negative electrode spiral coil 321 are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit; the circuit may be formed by connecting the anode of the diode 15 to an inner end 325 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 321 through a pre-registered electrical connector 327 on the substrate 322 from the opposite side of the substrate 322 (FIG. 6c) and the cathode of the diode 15 to an outer end 316 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 311 (FIG. 6b). Alternatively, the circuit may be formed by connecting the anode of the diode 15 to an outer end 326 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 321 (FIG. 6c) and the cathode of the diode 15 to an inner end 315 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 311 through a preregistered electrical connector 317 on the substrate 312 from the opposite side of the substrate 312 (FIG. 6b).

[0100] The positive and negative electrode spiral coils may have equal numbers of turns, equal core areas, equal turn widths or equal turn wire radii and equal gap widths, and the leading away end pointers of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils point to the same direction.

[0101] FIG. 7a shows another further embodiment of an inductive chargeable energy storage device 500 in accordance with present invention; the device 500 comprises a coplanar energy storage unit 550 and a diode 16. The unit 550 includes a coplanar energy storage element 520, a flat substrate 511 and a separator 560 which is disposed between the electrode element 520 and the substrate 511. As shown in FIG. 7b, the element 520 includes a positive electrode spiral coil 501 and a negative electrode spiral coil 502 disposed on one side of a flat substrate 503, being in parallel concentrically and having a common air core 510 which may have a substantial core area for passing magnetic field in order to facilitate an inductive charging. The positive electrode spiral coil 501, the diode 16 and the negative electrode spiral coil 502 are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit; the circuit may be formed by connecting the cathode of the diode 16 to an outer end 504 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 501 and the anode of the diode 16 to an inner end 507 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 502 through a pre-registered electrical connector 509 on the substrate 503 from the opposite side of the substrate 503. Alternatively, the circuit may be formed by connecting the cathode of the diode to an inner end 506 of the conductor of the positive electrode spiral coil 501 through a pre-registered electrical connector 508 on the substrate from the opposite side of the substrate and the anode of the diode to an outer end 505 of the conductor of the negative electrode spiral coil 502 (FIG. 7b).

[0102] The devices 300 and 500 may be charged inductively or wirelessly when positioned on inductive charging platform. The charging mechanism is identical to that explained for FIG. 2.

[0103] Experimental section [0104] Materials and components: 100 pm thick, 10 cm wide conductive copper foil, 0.5 mm diameter copper wire, pen brush nanoparticle carbon ink, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium acetate, PVC tube having an outer diameter 1.2 cm and an inner diameter 1.0 cm), filtration paper, 1 mm thick PET sheet and Zener diodes. 8wt% PVA - 8wt% sodium acetate coated filtration paper (thickness: 50 pm) serves as a separator and a carbon ink-PVA electrode material layer (thickness: 30 pm) were used throughout experiments.

[0105] Example 1: an inductive chargeable planar supercapacitor (FIG. 1) [0106] A piece of 100 pm thick copper foil was coated with the ink- 5 wt% PVA mixture on one side of the foil using doctor-blade method to form an electrode foil, and then the electrode foil was cut into a rectangular spiral coil using a pair of scissors. Subsequently, the electrode spiral coil was adhered to a PET substrate to form an electrode element as shown in FIGS. 1b or 1c. A planar energy storage supercapacitor (FIG. 1a) was fabricated by putting two identical electrode elements face-to-face together with one separator inbetween and an inductive chargeable planar supercapacitor (FIG. 1a) was formed by connecting two electrode spiral coils to the diode in series. A typical example, with following parameters: core area, 2.0 cm x 1.0 cm; turn width, 2 mm; gap of adjacent turns, 1.2 mm; number of turns, 5 and a Zener diode, 2.4V was fabricated.

[0107] Example 2: an inductive chargeable planar wound electrode supercapacitor [0108] First, a wire-like electrode was prepared by coating the carbon ink-5 wt% PVA mixture on a copper wire using a dip coating method. Next, a PVC tube as a coil supporter was positioned in the centre of a PET substrate, perpendicular against one side of the substrate, and a planar wound coil electrode element was prepared by winding the wire-like electrode together with 1 mm diameter plastic encapsulated wire side by side around the PVC tube in turns concentrically and spirally, subsequently, the turns were pushed onto one side of the substrate which has a piece of the double-sided adhesive tape on. After having disposed the electrode coil on the substrate, the PVC tube and the plastic encapsulated wire were removed from the substrate leaving an air core in the centre and a gap between adjacent turns of the electrode spiral coil on the substrate. Next, the electrode spiral coil was coated with the PVA-sodium acetate slurry to form a semi-solid-state electrolyte layer covered coil. Two identical planar wound coil electrode elements were put face-to-face together with a separator between the electrode elements to form a semi-solid-state supercapacitor. Finally, the supercapacitor and a diode are connected together to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit. This configuration is similar to that shown in FIG. 1a, except that the electrode spiral coils are formed from a wire-like electrode and circular. A typical example, with following parameters: core radius 0.5 cm; turn wire diameter, 0.5 mm; gap of adjacent turns, 1.0 mm; number of turns, 6 and a Zener diode; 2.4V, was fabricated.

[0109] Example 3 an inductive chargeable double-wound-electrode supercapacitor [0110] A bi-electrode element is prepared by winding two wire-like electrodes into two spiral coils disposed on opposite sides of a PET substrate, respectively, using the same procedure as the example 2; the outer ends of the conductors of the two electrode spiral coils were joined using silver conductive paint through the substrate to form a bi-electrode spiral coil with one coil spiralling out and the other spiralling in. Both sides of the bi-electrode spiral coil element was coated with the gel electrolyte; the bi-electrode spiral coil was put between two single electrode elements with two separators between two single electrode elements and the bi-electrode element, respectively, to form two semi-solid-state supercapacitors in series. The outer ends of the conductors of two single electrode spiral coils were connected to the cathode and anode of the diode, respectively, to form an inductive chargeable double-woundelectrode energy storage circuit. This configuration is similar to that shown in FIG. 3a, except that the electrode spiral coils are formed from a wire-like electrode and circular. A typical example, with following parameters: core radius 0.6 cm; turn wire diameter, 0.5 mm; gap of adjacent turns, 1.0 mm; number of turns, 6 and a Zener diode; 2.4V, was fabricated.

[0111] Inductive charging test [0112] A wireless charging module (5V-12V) (core area, 1 cm x 2.7 cm; number of turns, 6; turn width, 2 mm and gap width of adjacent turns, 0.5 mm), as an inductive charging platform, was employed for conducting inductive charging test. A RMS USB Multimeters (A LINI-T USB + RS232 Clas Ohison Edition LIT61D) was employed to monitor the DC voltage between two electrode terminals of an energy storage unit during an inductive charging test, and the voltage variation was recorded through a USB connection by a laptop automatically. The input voltage of 5V for the charging module was employed throughout the test; the charger was turned on and off manually during the inductive charging test.

[0113] FIG. 8 shows inductive charging and self-discharging cycles recorded for the example 1, as can be seen from first seven cycles, when the power supplier is turned on, the device is quickly charged to 0.65 V within 15 seconds, after that, the voltage gradually increases; at 29 seconds, the voltage reaches 0.75V. As shown in the eighth cycle, after initial quick charging, the charging voltage reaches a steadystate value of 0.78 V at around 1 minute. When the power supplier is turned off, a self-discharging process is observed. The self-discharging is a common phenomenon in aqueous based supercapacitors, which originates from the reorganisation of adsorbed charges on the electrode surfaces.

[0114] FIG. 9 shows inductive charging and self-discharging cycles recorded for the example 2. It can be seen that, for both cases, the inductive chargeable supercapacitor is stable during repeated charging and self-discharging cycles.

[0115] FIG. 10 shows inductive charging - self-discharging cycles recorded for the example 3; as shown in FIG. 10, the inductive chargeable double-wound-electrode supercapacitor can be charged to 2V inductively, and the charging cycles are repeatable, which demonstrates the device is stable during charging and selfdischarging processes.

[0116] Surprisingly, above three novel inductive chargeable semi-solid-state supercapacitors have been successfully charged inductively or wirelessly and are very stable during repeated charging I self-discharging cycles.

[0117] An inductive chargeable pseudo supercapacitor, battery, supercapacitorbattery and capacitor may be constructed by selecting desired electrode material and separator, and by using the same procedures described above.

[0118] The device has a different charging mechanism from those of traditional rechargeable energy storage devices, and could potentially provide a fast charging process.

Claims

1. An inductive chargeable energy storage device, comprising:

(1) a diode; and (2) an energy storage unit comprising a positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of an electrically insulating substrate; a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on another electrically insulating substrate; and a separator between the positive and negative electrode spiral coils being spiralled in opposite directions and each comprising a plurality of turns and having a conductor;

wherein said positive electrode spiral coil, said diode and said negative electrode spiral coil are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of said positive and negative electrode spiral coils receive electric energy from a transmitter coil of the transmitter circuit and convert the electric energy back to a direct current, so that the received electric energy is stored in said positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.

2. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of said positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of said diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of said negative electrode spiral coil.

3. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of said positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of said diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of said negative electrode spiral coil.

4. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has two functionalities: one is, as a coil, to receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly by the conductor thereof; the other is, as an electrode, to store the electric energy therein when coupled to the transmitter coil of said inductive charging platform.

5. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1 wherein said positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has an air core for passing magnetic flux lines.

6. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said positive and negative electrode spiral coils each is a planar coil or a planar wound coil.

7. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said positive and negative electrode spiral coils have equal numbers of turns, equal core areas, equal turn widths or equal turn radii and equal gaps between adjacent turns.

8. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claims 1 and 7, wherein said positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has a leading away end pointer and the energy storage unit is configured such that the leading away end pointers of said positive and negative electrode spiral coils point to the same direction.

9. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the device is a self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable device and a rechargeable device.

10. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit is one selected from the group consisting of an electrochemical double-layer capacitor, a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery and a capacitor.

11. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said diode is permanently connected to said positive and negative electrode spiral coils or detachably attached to said positive and negative electrode spiral coils.

12. A connection method of making an inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, comprising: connecting the outer end of said positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of said diode and connecting the anode of the diode to the outer end of said negative electrode spiral coil.

13. A connection method of making an inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, comprising: connecting the inner end of said positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of said diode and connecting the anode of the diode to the inner end of said negative electrode spiral coil.

14. An inductive chargeable energy storage device, comprising:

(1) a diode; and (2) an energy storage unit comprising a first positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of a first electrically insulating substrate; a first negative electrode spiral coil disposed on a second electrically insulating substrate; a second negative electrode spiral coil and a second positive electrode spiral coil disposed on opposite sides of a third electrically insulating substrate, respectively, being spiralled in opposite directions and electrically connected through the substrate to form a continuous bielectrode spiral coil; and two separators;

wherein the first positive electrode spiral coil, the bi-electrode spiral coil and the first negative electrode spiral coil are put face-to-face together with the separators after the first and second positive electrode spiral coils, respectively, to form two energy storage elements in series, the positive and negative electrode spiral coils of each of said energy storage elements being spiralled in opposite directions and each comprising a plurality of turns and having a conductor; and wherein the first positive electrode spiral coil, the diode and the first negative electrode spiral coil are connected in series with said energy storage elements to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils of said energy storage elements receive electric energy from a transmitter coil of the transmitter circuit and convert the electric energy back to a direct current, so that the received electric energy is stored in the positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.

15. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 14, wherein said bi-electrode spiral coil is formed by electrically connecting the outer end of said second negative electrode spiral coil and the outer end of said second positive electrode spiral coil and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of said first positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of said first negative electrode spiral coil.

16. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 14, wherein said bi-electrode spiral coil is formed by electrically connecting the inner end of said second negative electrode spiral coil and the inner end of said second positive electrode spiral coil and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of said first positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the said negative electrode spiral coil.

17. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 14, wherein said first and second positive and negative electrode spiral coils each has an air core for passing magnetic flux lines.

18. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 14, wherein the energy storage unit further comprises a plurality of said bielectrode spiral coils and a plurality of said separators and wherein the plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils are disposed between the first positive and negative electrode spiral coils with the plurality of said separators after the plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils, respectively, to form a plurality of energy storage elements in series.

19. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claims 14 and 18, each of the plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils is formed by electrically connecting the outer end of the negative electrode spiral coil thereof and the outer end of the positive electrode spiral coil thereof and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of the first positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the first negative electrode spiral coil.

20. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claims 14 and 18, each of the plurality of said bi-electrode spiral coils is formed by electrically connecting the inner end of the negative electrode spiral coil thereof and the inner end of the positive electrode spiral coil thereof and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the first positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the first negative electrode spiral coil.

21. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 14, where the device is self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable and rechargeable.

22. An inductive chargeable energy storage device, comprising:

(1) a diode; and (2) an energy storage unit comprising a positive electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of an electrically insulating substrate; a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on another electrically insulating substrate; and a separator between the positive and negative electrode spiral coils being spiralled in the same direction and each comprising a plurality of turns and having a conductor;

wherein the positive electrode spiral coil, the diode and the negative electrode spiral coil are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a transmitter circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of the positive and negative electrode spiral coils receive electric energy from a transmitter coil of the transmitter circuit and convert the electric energy back to a direct current, so that the received electric energy is stored in the positive and negative electrode spiral coils as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.

23. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 22, wherein the circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode spiral coil.

24. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 22, wherein the circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode spiral coil.

25. An inductive chargeable energy storage device, comprising:

(1) a diode; and (2) an energy storage unit comprising a positive electrode spiral coil and a negative electrode spiral coil disposed on one side of an electrically insulating substrate and being in parallel concentrically; another electrically insulating substrate; and a separator between the substrate and the electrode spiral coils each comprising a plurality of turns and having a conductor;

26. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 25, wherein the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode spiral coil.

27. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 25, wherein the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode spiral coil to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode spiral coil.