GB2576053A - Occupancy monitoring system and method - Google Patents

Occupancy monitoring system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2576053A
GB2576053A GB1812700.1A GB201812700A GB2576053A GB 2576053 A GB2576053 A GB 2576053A GB 201812700 A GB201812700 A GB 201812700A GB 2576053 A GB2576053 A GB 2576053A
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Prior art keywords
wireless
user
occupancy
data
user devices
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GB201812700D0 (en
Inventor
Kingston Russell
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Trieste Group One Ltd
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Trieste Group One Ltd
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Priority to GB1812700.1A priority Critical patent/GB2576053A/en
Publication of GB201812700D0 publication Critical patent/GB201812700D0/en
Publication of GB2576053A publication Critical patent/GB2576053A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S5/0018—Transmission from mobile station to base station
    • G01S5/0027—Transmission from mobile station to base station of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0295—Proximity-based methods, e.g. position inferred from reception of particular signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • G06Q50/16—Real estate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/02—Protecting privacy or anonymity, e.g. protecting personally identifiable information [PII]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/021—Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Economics (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
  • Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Development Economics (AREA)
  • Operations Research (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

An occupancy monitoring system comprising: wireless sensors; wireless user devices; and a central control unit, wherein the wireless sensors monitor the location of the user devices within a predefined area, each of the sensors has a unique identifier, each of the user devices has a unique identifier and is associated with a unique user account, each of the accounts is anonymous and stores anonymous profile data for a user, and input and transmission means are provided for entering activity data related to the accounts and for transmitting activity data for the accounts to the central control unit, the sensors are configured to transmit location data for the accounts to the central control unit, and the central control unit is arranged to correlate location and activity data for each of the accounts. The system aims to collect occupancy data for efficient planning of office space. The user devices may be smartphones.

Description

The present disclosure relates to an occupancy monitoring system, in particular to such a system that allows for the collection of detailed anonymous occupancy/usage data.
The collection of occupancy data is extremely valuable for organisations in the efficient planning of office space. For example, by monitoring occupancy, an organisation may determine that they do not utilise their workspace effectively and could downsize their workspace without impacting efficiency. They may otherwise determine that an existing workspace could be reconfigured to work more efficiently or to allow for expansion of the workforce without the need to move or otherwise expand their workspace.
To date the collection of accurate occupancy data has required the manual monitoring of the workforce to establish how workspaces are being used. This is costly as a number of individuals must be deployed to log the use of spaces in real time but, more than this, it is problematic since individuals have a strong tendency to alter their natural behaviour when they are being actively monitored, leading to inaccurate results.
Automatic sensing means have previously been deployed to monitor occupancy but these are only able to provide very limited data.
The present invention arose in a bid to provide a more accurate system for monitoring occupancy, which would provide accurate and detailed data to allow the design of efficient and effective workspaces.
According to the present invention in a first aspect, there is provided An occupancy monitoring system comprising: a network of wireless sensors; a plurality of wireless user devices; and a central control unit, wherein the wireless sensors are arranged to monitor the location of the plurality of wireless user devices within a predefined area, each of the wireless sensors has a unique identifier, each of the wireless user devices has a unique identifier and is associated with a unique user account, each of the user accounts is anonymous and stores anonymous profile data for a unique user, and input and transmission means are provided for entering activity data related to the user accounts and for transmitting activity data for the user accounts to the central control unit, the wireless sensors are configured to transmit location data for the user accounts to the central control unit, and the central control unit is arranged to correlate the location and activity data for each of the user accounts.
The wireless user devices preferably comprise the input and transmission means. In this case, the wireless user devices are preferably each linked to a unique one of the user accounts at any time, wherein the input and transmission means allow entry of activity data related to the respective unique user account only and transmission of that data to the central control unit. The input and transmission means may additionally or alternatively comprises one or more computers separate to the wireless user devices.
By linking the location of a user with anonymous profile and activity data, the system provides a unique and synchronised insight into how a monitored area is being utilised. The monitored area is most preferably a workspace although the present invention may find application elsewhere, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
By virtue of the system of the present invention, there is the ability to establish in a workspace (or other monitored area):
• The user profile of an individual (without capturing personally identifiable data and thus maintaining anonymity).
• The occupancy usage of the workspace.
• The generic activities that are happening within the workspace.
• A snapshot of the wellbeing/perception of the current team.
According to the present invention in a further aspect, there is provided a method of monitoring occupancy using the occupancy monitoring system as defined above.
Further, preferable, features are presented in the dependent claims.
Exemplary, non-limiting, embodiments of an occupancy monitoring system and methodology will now be considered in detail.
An area to be monitored is provided with a network of wireless sensors. The wireless sensors are not particularly limited in form. Various suitable sensing technologies may be utilised, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. The sensing technology implemented will be dependent, in part, on the wireless user devices to be sensed. It is most preferable that the wireless user devices comprise smartphones running a suitable software application for linking with a central control unit, wherein the central control unit will receive data from both the wireless sensors and the wireless user devices. The central control unit may comprise a local or remote server. Any conventional data connections to the server from the sensors and the user devices may be used, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. The smartphones may connect to the server using a local wireless network or using a cellular network. The server may run suitable back end software that links with a software application running on the user devices. Data from the wireless sensors and software, in respect of each of the user profiles, will be collated by the server. The collected information is preferably used to populate a database.
A preferred sensing technology for the wireless sensors is Bluetooth®, particularly when the user devices comprise smartphones, due to universal compatibility. Bluetooth® sensors also have the benefit of low power consumption. Alternative sensing means could utilise radio-frequency identification, or otherwise. The only clear requirement is that the sensing technology chosen/wireless sensor network array must be capable of sensing the location of the wireless user devices within the area to be monitored to sufficient accuracy so as to allow it to be established in which part of a monitored area the user of any particular wireless device is occupying. The wireless sensors, whatever their underlying technology, may use conventional triangulation techniques to locate the individual wireless user devices in the area to be monitored.
The wireless sensors are preferably battery powered, although could be mains powered in dependence on the sensing technology implemented. Battery power will be suitable for Bluetooth® sensors at least, since the sensors will only typically be in use for a period of days, weeks or months. The wireless sensors may be ceiling mounted. In monitored areas with suspended ceilings it is particularly convenient to mount the sensors out of sight on the rear of ceiling panels, or otherwise. They can alternatively be adhered, or otherwise fixed, on the surface of the ceiling opposed to/facing the floor. The sensor network will be provided in a predetermined layout that covers the whole area to be monitored, such as the whole footprint of an office space that is being surveyed. The location of each of the wireless sensors within the area to be monitored will be known.
The sensor network may be set up by locating the location of the area (e.g. building) to be mapped within mapping software, such as Google Maps, obtaining the exact geotag location for the building and connecting an office plan to that geotag. The building plan with its geotag may then be imported into a blueprint software to map out the sensor network, i.e. to plot and locate positions for all of the wireless sensors of the wireless sensor network, for installation of the wireless sensors. Each sensor has its own unique reference number and is tagged to the blueprint, so that it is referenced to the geotag.
The data sent from the wireless sensors will provide data of the specific movements of generic/anonymous user profiles against the occupancy of the office and the areas within the office.
The user profiles are anonymous, comprising generic details only. Only a single user profile is associated with any one of the user devices at any time. Data may include any combination of the following: age, sex, team, role, time in company. The user profile may not contain all of these categories and may contain additional and/or alternative categories. Moreover, whilst the categorised information can be specific (e.g. Age = 26), it need not be specific but may comprise non-specific ranges (e.g. Age = 25 to 30) or may comprise a combination of specific data and non-specific ranges.
By way of example only, the user profiles may be such as to be able to establish that a member of the sales team who has been in the organisation for over five years and is aged between 35 and 45 was using a specific meeting room for an average of two hours each day.
What is particularly unique about this is the ability to capture the user profile, without capturing the personal name of each person using the space along with the occupancy, so as to provide much more granular information than any prior art occupancy system.
By the collection of activity data tagged to a respective anonymous user profile, a deeper understanding of occupancy and utilisation of space can be achieved. The activity data preferably covers generic activity types such as high focus individual working, low focus individual working, confidential video conferencing calls, etc. Numerous additional/alternative generic activity types may be used, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. The activity data is logged by users inputting data into their user devices. The activity data may be input into a calendar, with a software application associated with the specific user profile extracting the relevant information or may be input by a user directly into the software application associated with the user profile by the user. Where the user devices are smartphones, the input means will comprise a touchscreen and the software application will comprise a suitable Android and IOS application. Various suitable software implementations will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art and the present invention is not to be specifically limited in this regard. Whatever, the arrangement, the activity data is referenced to the user profile and to the occupancy data which gives a significant extra layer of granular information. For example, it may be determined that a particular meeting room is occupied for 30% of the time, and for the time that it’s occupied it can be seen which teams in an organisation are typically using it and for what type of activity. This activity could for example show that a meeting room is actually being used for high focus individual work, rather than collaboration and that would then show that it’s an inefficient use of space.
There may be a further level of data collection through the software application on the user devices. This may aid in a determination of wellbeing/perception and may comprise a simple questionnaire which runs through a series of statements to test the wellbeing of a workforce (or otherwise) and their perception towards their office space (or otherwise). For example, one such statement could be “I am able to use far more digital information and use less paper”. The users are asked to respond to each statement on a range, such as from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”. Such information gives an understanding of where the organisation is at in terms of change and where there might be areas that need particular focus. Again, this survey data is able to be tagged back to the user profile and the occupancy and activity data, which gives it a unique insight and meaning.
It has been determined that by implementation of a system in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to determine correlations and parallels between perceptions and the type of activities that are happening and the frustrations and mismatches that are happening within an office space, or otherwise.
In the embodiments discussed above, the wireless user devices comprise the input and transmission means for inputting and sending activity data (and any wellbeing/perception data) to the central control unit. The input means comprises a touch screen for inputting data into a front side software application on the smartphone that links with the back end software on the control unit and transmits data to the control unit using a wireless transmitter through a cellular network, local wireless network or otherwise. The wireless user devices are each linked to a unique one of the user accounts at any time, wherein the input and transmission means allow entry of activity data related to that respective unique user account only and transmission of that data to the central control unit. In addition or even as an alternative, the input and transmission means could comprise one or more computers separate to the wireless user devices. In such a case, the user could log into their user account on a desktop or laptop computer, or other device separate to the wireless user device to upload activity data. This would preferably be an option in addition to using the wireless user device for data input and transmission, with the account synced across any devices that were logged in. Alternatively, if the user devices lacked input and transmission means, such input 5 could be exclusively through the computer separate to the user device.

Claims (10)

1. An occupancy monitoring system comprising:
a network of wireless sensors;
a plurality of wireless user devices; and a central control unit, wherein the wireless sensors are arranged to monitor the location of the plurality of wireless user devices within a predefined area, each of the wireless sensors has a unique identifier, each of the wireless user devices has a unique identifier and is associated with a unique user account, each of the user accounts is anonymous and stores anonymous profile data for a unique user, and input and transmission means are provided for entering activity data related to the user accounts and for transmitting activity data for the user accounts to the central control unit, the wireless sensors are configured to transmit location data for the user accounts to the central control unit, and the central control unit is arranged to correlate the location and activity data for each of the user accounts.
2. An occupancy system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the wireless user devices comprise the input and transmission means.
3. An occupancy system as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the wireless user devices are each linked to a unique one of the user accounts at any time, wherein the input and transmission means allow entry of activity data related to the respective unique user account only and transmission of that data to the central control unit.
4. An occupancy sensor as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the input and transmission means comprises one or more computers separate to the wireless user devices.
5. An occupancy monitoring system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the wireless user devices comprise smartphones.
6. An occupancy monitoring system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein 5 the wireless sensors comprise Bluetooth® sensors.
7. An occupancy monitoring system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the wireless sensors are mounted to the ceiling(s) of a building.
10
8. An occupancy monitoring system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the wireless sensors are geotagged.
9. An occupancy system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the user profiles contain generic data of the users.
10. An occupancy system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the activity data comprises generic activity types.
GB1812700.1A 2018-08-03 2018-08-03 Occupancy monitoring system and method Withdrawn GB2576053A (en)

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GB1812700.1A GB2576053A (en) 2018-08-03 2018-08-03 Occupancy monitoring system and method

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GB1812700.1A GB2576053A (en) 2018-08-03 2018-08-03 Occupancy monitoring system and method

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GB2576053A true GB2576053A (en) 2020-02-05

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3121771A1 (en) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-25 BlackBerry Limited Indoor positioning systems and meeting room occupancy
US9955318B1 (en) * 2014-06-05 2018-04-24 Steelcase Inc. Space guidance and management system and method
US20180189688A1 (en) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-05 Skidata Ag Method for using the capacity of facilites in a ski area, a trade fair, an amusement park, or a stadium

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9955318B1 (en) * 2014-06-05 2018-04-24 Steelcase Inc. Space guidance and management system and method
EP3121771A1 (en) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-25 BlackBerry Limited Indoor positioning systems and meeting room occupancy
US20180189688A1 (en) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-05 Skidata Ag Method for using the capacity of facilites in a ski area, a trade fair, an amusement park, or a stadium

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ACM International Conference on Embedded Systems For Energy-Efficient Buildings, 2014; Khan et al.; Occupancy Monitoring using Environmental & Context Sensors and a Hierarchical Analysis Framework; *
Sensors 2018; 18(11) November 2018; MDPI; Abade, Abreu & Curado; A Non-Intrusive Approach for Indoor Occupancy Detection in Smart Environments; Article 3953; Available from https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3953/htm [15/01/2019] *
Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW), 2015 IEEE; March 2015; Akkaya et al.; IoT-based Occupancy Monitoring Techniques for Energy-Efficient Smart Buildings; pages 58-63; *
Work in Progress session at PerCom 2012, Lugano (19-23 March 2012); Ghai et al.; Occupancy Detection in Commercial Buildings using Opportunistic Context Sources; *

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