GB2545258B - Peg manipulating devices - Google Patents

Description

Peg manipulating devices.

This invention relates to manipulating ground pegs.

Most designs of tent and awning pegs, wire tent and awning pegs, ground sheet pegs,tension pegs, guyline and tether pegs, as used in camping, caravan and mobile homeawnings, marquees, gazebos, gardening and most other securing and tethering purposes /functions where a peg is inserted into the ground (all the aforementioned pegs of differentdesigns, shapes and functions are hereafter referred to as “ground peg” for convenience inthis document) are usually inserted into the ground by using a mallet, hammer or otherstriking implement which usually requires the user / operator to get down onto their kneesor to have to bend very low, there is also the danger of injury when using a hittingimplement as well as a high risk of damaging the ground pegs.

The range of ground peg manipulating devices herein described allows the ground peg tobe inserted into the ground using a pushing action from a standing position, without theneed to use mallets, hammers or other types of hitting implements and does not need touse devices applying rotational movement to the ground peg, electric or otherwise. Oncethe ground peg is inserted into the ground the device is then detached and may then beused to attach guylines, tethers or the like to the inserted ground peg and tension them,using the appropriate function element or function adaptor fitted to the device to do this.When required the device may be used to release the tension and detach the guylines,tethers or the like from the ground peg, using the appropriate function element orfunction adaptor fitted to the device to do this. The device may then be reattached to theground peg to extract it from the ground and ground peg may then be removed from thedevice. If required the device may be provided with the facility to remove groundmaterial which may have adhered to the ground peg. Using the device all these operationsmay be performed from a standing position. When the device is used con-ectly there isless chance of damage to the ground peg than there would be when using a strikingimplement.

According to the present invention there is provided a range of ground peg manipulatingdevices comprising a main body having located at the front of the device a ground pegholding and releasing system which releasably holds a variety of designs, shapes andfunctions of ground pegs, using ground peg holding and releasing adaptors if required,these increase the range of ground pegs which may be held in the ground peg holding andreleasing systems.

Some models of the device have a ground peg holding and releasing system which is afixed element of the device and some models of the device have a detachable ground pegholding and releasing system, the device being able to accommodate a selection ofdetachable ground peg holding and releasing systems. Both of these systems willaccommodate ground peg holding and releasing adaptors to increase the range of groundpegs which may be accommodated by the devices. For the convenience of this documentall three of these ground peg holding and releasing systems are referred to as the groundpeg holding and releasing system. When loaded into the ground peg holding andreleasing system the ground peg is automatically held, if the particular device being usedrequires it, a additional ground peg holding and or releasing action may be applied byusing the hand operated holding and releasing system controlling mechanism which whenused produces a pressure and movement which is transmitted through a pressure andmovement transfer system to the ground peg holding and releasing system, providing aholding and or releasing action which is applied to the ground peg.

The hand operated holding and releasing system controlling mechanism is located closeto the handle element, at the other end of the main body to the ground peg holding andreleasing system. A foot pressure bar is provided to aid ground peg insertion into the ground, on somemodels of the devices, this is connected to the main body of the device and on othermodels of the device it is connected to the pressure and movement transfer system andwill also provide an additional ground peg holding action when pressure is applied to it.On the removable foot pressure bar models of the device the foot pressure bar may beunscrewed and used as a means for securing equipment to the device such as thedetachable ground peg holding and releasing systems and or ground peg holding adaptorsand or function elements and or function adaptors when the foot pressure bar is screwedback on, these may be mounted either separately or in combinations. The foot pressurebar being located close to where the ground peg holding and releasing system is located.The function elements and or function adaptors may be fitted to the device to perform arange of operations / functions such as attaching guylines and tethers or the like to theinserted ground peg and tensioning them, as well as being able to release the tension anddetach the guylines, tethers or the like from the inserted ground peg. There are alsofunction elements and function adaptors which may be used to extract certain types ofground peg from the ground.

To use die devices the ground peg is loaded into the appropriate ground peg holding andreleasing system (using a ground peg holding and releasing adaptor if required) this isachieved by pushing the head of the ground peg against the loading plate of the pressureand movement transfer system, the ground peg is then automatically held by the pressureand movement transfer system which is spring loaded to apply a holding action I pressureonto the ground peg. Depending on the model of the device which is used, if a additionalholding action is required this is provided by applying hand pressure onto the handoperated holding and releasing system controlling mechanism, the ground peg may thenbe inserted into the ground by applying pressure onto the handle element and or the footpressure bar. Once inserted into die ground the device is then detached from the groundpeg and if required guylines, tethers and the like may be attached to the inserted groundpeg and tensioned using the appropriate function element or function adaptor fitted to thedevice to do this. When required the guylines, tethers and the like may be un-tensionedand detached from the inserted ground pegs using the device to do this. The device maythen be reattached to the inserted ground peg to extract it from the ground and the groundpeg may then be removed from the device. Some devices are provided with the means toremove ground material which may have adhered to the ground pegs wherein a groundmaterial removal scraper is fitted to the device having at least one slot, at least one radii,and or slot with radii and at least one flat section or a combination of these to removeground material which has adhered to the ground pegs. All of the afore mentionedoperations may be performed from a standing position.

The device may also be used to insert die loaded ground peg into the loop of the guyline,tether or the like and to drag this to tension it, and to then insert the ground peg,providing the ground peg is suitable.

Examples of the invention will now be described by referring to the accompanyingdrawings:

Page 1/7

Figure l.Some of the range of ground peg manipulating devices (A), (B), (C), (D).

Figure 1 (B) Shows a detachable ground peg holding and releasing system being securedusing a removable foot pressure bar securing system, (exploded view).

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Figure 1. (C) Shows a device where the ground peg holding and releasing system isdrawn onto the Pressure and movement transfer system.

Figure 1. (D) Shows a device where the ground peg holding and releasing system has aslide over loading plate.

Figure 2 Some of die range of ground peg holding and releasing systems (third angleprojection) (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F).

Figure 2 (A) and (B) shows ground peg holding and releasing adaptors being fitted to theground peg holding and releasing systems (exploded view).

Page 3/7

Figure 3 Some of the range of ground peg holding and releasing adaptors (A), (B), (C),(D), (E), (F) and a ground peg holding and releasing adaptor securing block with aground peg extractor pin fitted (G).

Figure 4 Example of a function element (A) and a function adaptor (B).

Figure 5 A ground peg manipulating device with a ground peg cleaner fitted (first angleprojection).

Page 4/7

Figure 6. A exploded view of a ground peg holding and releasing adaptor being fittedwith a function adaptor (first angle projection).

Figure 7 A function adaptor in extended position (A) and in retracted position (B).Figure 8. (A) Shows a function adaptor about to attach a guyline to an inserted groundpeg, and (B) shows a function adaptor tensioning a guyline. PAGE 5/7

Figure 9. Shows two ground peg holding releasing systems (A) having a parallel groundpeg holding and releasing system with an example of a suitable ground peg and (B)shows a ground peg holding and releasing system having a reduced width ground pegholding and releasing system with a example of a suitable ground peg. PAGE 6/7

Figure 10 Shows two ground peg holding and releasing systems (A) and (B) withexamples of suitable ground pegs. PAGE 7/7

Figure 11 Shows two ground peg holding and releasing systems (A) shows a U shapedcross section form ground peg holding and releasing system and (B) shows a three sidedopen channel type cross section form ground peg holding and releasing system with aground peg holding and releasing adaptor being fitted (exploded view).

The range of ground peg manipulating devices have a main body 1 where the crosssection form through the range of devices may be almost any shape cross section such assquare, round, oval, oblong, channel with overlapping channel, or any combination ofthese forms. Located at the front end of the main body is the ground peg holding andreleasing system 2 or 2a or 13. In the range of devices there are devices having a non-detachable ground peg holding and releasing system 2 that is a non-removable part of themain body of the device. There is also a range of devices having detachable ground pegholding and releasing systems 2a figure 1,B this allows the device to use several differenttypes of interchangeable detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a,allowing the device to accommodate a wider range of different designs, shapes andfunctions of ground pegs 15.

Some of the range of ground peg holding and releasing systems are shown in theaccompanying drawings. The same design of ground peg holding and releasing systemsare produced as non-detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2 as well asdetachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a, in the range of devices. Both thenon-detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2 and the detachable groundpeg holding and releasing system 2a, may be secured directly contacting the main body 1on some models of the devices and on other models of the devices there is at least onespacer 11 between the ground peg holding and releasing system 2 or 2a, and the mainbody 1 of the device to allow certain types of ground peg 15 to be positioned morecentrally in the device. The spacer 11 may be tapped to screw onto the foot pressure bar 3securing thread 12, this spacer 11 may be a round tapped boss or nut and spring lockingwasher or similar means figure 1, B. There may also be a spacing element 10 at the rearof the ground peg holding and releasing systems 2 or 2a, to provide support and to stopflexing.

The detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a, may be held onto thedevice by at least one screw thread securing system such as e.g. by having a foot pressurebar 3 which is removable and unscrews allowing the detachable ground peg holding andreleasing system 2a to be held on by it when screwed back on figure 1, B. On othermodels of the device the detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a, aresecured to the device by a thread and nut type securing system or a similar means. Thedetachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a, are provided with at least onemounting hole, those having more, have the facility to be positioned to adjust ground peg15 head clearance between the detachable ground peg holding and releasing system 2aand the loading plate 5 of the pressure and movement transfer system 4.

The pressure and movement transfer system 4 transmits the pressure and movementsupplied / provided by the hand operated holding and releasing system controllingmechanism 6, providing a holding and or releasing action to act on a ground peg 15which has be loaded into the ground peg holding and releasing system 2 or 2a or 13,figure 1.

Both the non-detachable and the detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2and 2a will accommodate a range of ground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13, theseare removably fitted to the ground peg holding and releasing systems 2 or 2a, allowingthe ground peg holding and releasing systems 2 or 2a, to accommodate a wider range ofground pegs 15 of differing designs, shapes and functions, these are only required if thedevice being used does not have fitted to it the appropriate ground peg holding andreleasing systems 2 or 2a, to hold the design of ground peg 15 to be used. The ground pegholding and releasing adaptors 13 are held onto the ground peg holding and releasingsystems 2 or 2a, by at least one thread and nut / tapped knurled diameter 14 type securingsystem or a similar means e.g. a bolt or a screw thread in a block with a nut / tappedknurled diameter 14 or similar means figure 2, A and B.

Some of the ground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13 may have the securing threadsystem fastened to them using a locked nut figure 6. These means of securing the groundpeg holding and releasing adaptors 13, may also be used to secure some of the designs ofthe function elements 17 or function adaptors 16 onto the device in combination with theground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13, figure 6 or separately.

The ground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13 may or may not be provided withprotrusions which locate in areas of the ground peg holding and releasing system 2 or 2agiving greater rigidity and strength to the set up as well as to aid locating them . Some ofthe range of ground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13 are shown in figure 3.

The detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a and the non-detachableground peg holding and releasing systems 2 and the use of detachable ground peg holdingand releasing adaptors 13 for the convenience of this document are all referred to as theground peg holding and releasing system.

To cater for the different designs, shapes and functions of ground pegs 15 which thedevices may use, there are several ground peg holding forms for the detachable groundpeg holding and releasing systems 2a, and the non-detachable ground peg holding andreleasing systems 2, as well as the range of ground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13,the same holding form may be used in all three of these ground peg holding and releasingsystems.

Some of the range of the ground peg holding and releasing systems holding forms have across section form that is of a square or nearly square three sided open channel design orsimilar such as figure 9, A and B. Some of the range of devices have a ground pegholding and releasing systems holding form having a U shaped cross section or similarfigure 11, A.

And some may be of flat form or flat with right angle form which may have pins and orfaces attached to them for the holding and locating of the ground peg such as figure 2, Cand E and figure 3, D and E and F.

Some examples of these ground peg holding and releasing systems forms are;Where some models of the device have a ground peg holding and releasing systemsholding form, having a three sided approximately square figure 9, A and B, or U shaped cross section figure 11, A and B, having two or more protrudingfaces between which the body of the ground peg 15 is located, supporting the ground peghead and or hook system, as well as being on either side of the body of the ground peg15, these faces are parallel or approximately parallel in one or both plains (along theirlength and or width) on some of the range of holding forms, and on other versions of thisholding form they taper slightly in one or both plains (along their length and or width) thehead and or hook system of the ground peg 15 being supported on the edges of the fecesclosest to the pressure and movement transfer system 4. On some ground peg holding andreleasing systems 2 and 2a and the ground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13, thesesupporting edges are level and on other ground peg holding and releasing systems oneside is higher than the other, such as figure 3, C. This is to accommodate a ground peg 15which has a double hook form of different distances from the point of the ground peg.Another ground peg holding and releasing system holding form is an open channel whichhas a range of removable ground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13 which areinterchangeable figure 11, B. These are attached to the body of the ground peg holdingand releasing system 2 or 2a, by a screw and nut I tapped knurled diameter type securingsystem 14 or a similar means.

Another ground peg holding and releasing system holding form has at least one slot in theupper and lower holding / locating faces into which the ground peg is fitted / located,supporting the ground peg hook system and or head, as well as being on either side of thebody of the ground peg as well as supporting the back, these holding I locating faces areat right angles to the main body of the device figure 3, A and B, figure 10, A and B.

Another ground peg holding and releasing system holding form is were the ground pegholding and releasing system is bent at a right angle, having a slot into which the groundpeg locates, this design may or may not also be provided with at least one pin to hold andlocate and or extract the ground peg from the ground figure 2, F.

Another ground peg holding and releasing system holding form is where at least one pinwill locate in a hole or slot in the ground peg and may use other means to support andlocate the ground peg such as slots and or faces and or pins figure 2, E.

The ground peg holding and releasing systems 2 or 2a or 13, may be provided with anextraction device for extracting certain types of ground pegs 15, or for extracting orpartially extracting the ground peg from file ground which have been pushed in to deeply,allowing the ground peg holding system to be reattached to the ground peg to extract it, ifrequired figure 3, G or figure 4, B. All of these ground peg holding and releasing systemsholding forms are used on the non-detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems2 and the detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a as well as on groundpeg holding and releasing adaptors 13.

Different models of the ground peg holding and releasing systems 2 or 2a or 13, mayvaiy in width to accommodate file varying widths of the different ground pegs 15. Someof file ground peg holding and releasing systems of file devices are provided with a springmechanism to hold the ground peg 15, this being additional to any other being providedby the pressure and movement transfer system 4 of the devices, if required an additionalground peg holding and or releasing action may be applied by using the hand operatedholding and releasing system controlling mechanism 6.

For certain applications which may be performed by the devices there are also availablefunction elements 17 and function adaptors 16. A function element 17 is attached to someof the range of devices as a standard element I fitting of the device figure 5,17 and afunction adaptor 16 may be fitted to a device if the device does not have the appropriatefunction element 17 fitted to it. These function elements 17 or function adaptors 16 areused to perform functions / operations such as attaching and tensioning guylines, tethersand the like to a inserted ground peg 15 and when required un-tensioning and detachingguylines, tethers and the like from the inserted ground pegs 15, figure 8, A and B. Thesetype of function elements 17 or function adaptors 16 could have a single or doublehooked or right angle prongs or hook with a straight prong or similar figure 4, A and Band figure 6. There are also function elements 17 and function adaptors 16 for extractingcertain designs of inserted ground pegs 15 from the ground, or if a ground peg 15 hasbeen pushed into the ground to far to reattach the ground peg holding and releasingsystem 2 or 2a,to extract it.

Some fimction elements 17 or function adaptors 16 may be in a fixed position on somemodels of the device or slid into a usable position and locked in place, and when notrequired they may be slid back and locked out of the way figure 7, A and B. Anotherversion is one that pivots into a usable position, these versions may also be locked into ausable position and when not required they may be locked out of the way. The fimctionelements 17 or the function adaptors 16 may be secured to the device by the same type ofscrew and nut / tapped knurled diameter 14 method or the screw bolt type method orsimilar means, as used to secure the ground peg holding and releasing adaptors 13 to theground peg holding and releasing system 2 or 2a,. They may be mounted in combinationwith a ground peg holding and releasing systems, figure 6 or separately.

Another system for mounting certain designs of function elements 17 or functionadaptors 16 is by using the type of foot pressure bar 3 that unscrews, as is used to securesome of the detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a. All the range ofdevices can accommodate function elements 17 or function adaptors 16.

Some of the ranges of function adaptors 16 are shown in figure 4, A and B. Figure 6shows a function adaptor 16 about to be secured to a ground peg holding and releasingsystem 2 or 2a or 13, using the ground peg holding and releasing adaptor 13 securingsystem.

The handle 7 is located at the other end of the main body 1 to the ground peg holding andreleasing system 2 or 2a or 13. Depending on which model of the device is being used thehandle 7 may be permanently fixed to the device on some models or removable for betterstorage on other models. The handle 7 provides insertion and extraction pressure onto theground peg 15 as well as being used for the other operations performed by the device,using the hands, arms and or body to apply this pressure. The handle 7 is also used as ameans to support the hand when applying pressure onto the hand operated holding andreleasing system controlling mechanisms 6.

The removable handle 7 may be held in position on the main body using a screw threadtype system either through fire main body 1 of the device on some models of the device,or on other models the screw may go through a end cap 8 which fits in the back end ofthe main body of the device. On some models of the device the removable handle 7 maybe secured using a removable spring clip which may hold the handle in place by engagingin a groove or a slot or a hole in the handle 7.

The range of devices are provided with hand controls, these being referred to as the handoperated holding and releasing system controlling mechanism 6. These are located at theother end of the main body 1 to die ground peg holding and releasing system 2, close tothe handle element 7, figure 1.

The hand operated holding and releasing system controlling mechanism 6 when used willhold and or release a ground peg 15 which is in the ground peg holding and releasingsystem 2 or 2a or 13 by providing a pressure and movement which is transmitted throughthe pressure and movement transfer system 4 to act on the ground peg 15 while in theground peg holding and releasing system 2 or 2a or 13.

The hand operated holding and releasing system controlling mechanisms 6 may varythrough the range of devices, some models of the device have a pressure and movementlever system which uses mechanical advantage to increase the hand pressure applied to it,to act through the pressure and movement transfer system 4 onto the ground peg while inthe ground peg holding and releasing system 2 or 2a or 13. This may be through a leversystem, or a cam lever system, or any other means which amplifies hand pressure usingmechanical advantage figure 1, A and B. On some models of the devices to reducefriction the hand operated ground peg holding and releasing system controllingmechanism 6 acts on at least one roller to apply pressure and movement to the pressureand movement transfer system 4.

The models of the device using the slide-over / encapsulating ground peg holding andreleasing system 2 or 2a or 13 figure I, D, have a hand retraction bar as the hand operatedground peg holding and releasing system controlling mechanism 6 which when usedallows die ground peg to enter and or be released from the ground peg holding andreleasing system 2 or 2a or 13 of the device by retracting the slide-over I encapsulatingelement of the pressure and movement transfer system 4.

Some models of the device have a hand pressure bar system to apply additional groundpeg holding pressure onto the ground peg, this version of the hand operated holding andreleasing system controlling mechanism 6 draws the ground peg holding system onto thepressure and movement transfer system 4 to secure the ground peg figure 1, C.

The hand operated holding and releasing system controlling mechanism 6 can also beused as a fijnction element 17 or function adaptor 16 operating I controlling mechanism ifthe function element 17 or function adaptor 16 requires this.

All of these systems are referred to as the hand operated holding and releasing systemcontrolling mechanism 6 for the convenience of this document.

To transmit the pressure and movement from the hand operated holding and releasingsystem controlling mechanism 6 to act on the ground peg while in the ground peg holdingand releasing system 2 or 2a or 13, or to transmit pressure and movement to a functionelement 17 or a function adaptor 16 if they require this, there is provided a pressure andmovement transfer system 4. The pressure and movement transfer system 4 is springloaded in the direction of the ground peg holding and releasing system 2 or 2a or 13 toapply a holding pressure / action onto the ground peg 15 when it is loaded into the groundpeg holding and releasing system 2 or 2a or 13.

On some of the range of devices the spring system is positioned between a rear section ofthe pressure and movement transfer system 4 and a front section of the pressure andmovement transfer system 4, so that both of these elements of the pressure and movementtransfer system 4 are sprung loaded to remove any slack in the system.

The ground peg holding action applied by the different versions of the pressure andmovement transfer systems 4 may vary from model to model. On some models of thedevice the holding pressure is applied to the head and or hook element of the ground peg15, figure 9, and on other models of the device the holding pressure is applied to the headand the sides of the ground peg 15 or in other models of the device the pressure andmovement transfer system 4 has a slide over action which acts on the ground peg holdingand releasing system 2 or 2a or 13 by overlapping and encapsulated the ground peg 15 bythe slide over element of the pressure movement transfer system figure 1, D. Some of therange of devices may combine these holding systems.

The pressure and movement transfer systems 4 have a loading plate 9 at its front, whichprotrudes (more or less) at a right angle to the main body of the device. The loading plate9 assists the loading and the holding of the ground peg 15 in the ground peg holding andreleasing system 2 or 2a or 13, allowing the operator to retract and pressurise the springloaded pressure and movement transfer system 4 by pushing the head of the ground pegagainst the loading plate 9 and inserting die ground peg 15 into whichever ground pegholding and releasing system 2 or 2a or 13 is fitted to the device figure 9, A and B andfigure 10, A and B. When loaded singularly into the ground peg holding and releasingsystem 2 or 2a or 13 the ground peg is automatically held in the device. If required aadditional ground peg holding action may be applied to the ground peg 15 by using thehand operated holding and releasing system controlling mechanism 6.

Ground pegs 15 may also be extracted from the ground by the same technique, bypressing the loading plate 9 of the pressure and movement transfer system 4 against thehead of a ground peg 15 (which has been inserted into ground) so that the spring loadedpressure and movement transfer system 4 is retracted allowing the ground peg 15 to enterthe ground peg holding and releasing system 2 or 2a or 13 of the device, using the handoperated holding and releasing system controlling mechanism 6 to secure, if the devicebeing used requires this.

The elements of the pressure and movement transfer system 4 may on some models ofthe device be connected together or partially connected together, and on others models ofthe device the separate elements transfer the pressure and movement from one element ofthe system to another, and are not directly connected together, and on other models of thedevice the pressure and movement transfer system 4 may consist of a single piece.

Fitted to most of the range of devices is a foot pressure bar 3. There are two types of footpressure bar systems, some models of the device are provided with a foot pressure bar 3which is connected to the pressure and movement transfer system 4, and when usedenables the device to provide additional holding pressure which is applied to the groundpeg 15, as well as providing ground insertion pressure to assist any pressure beingapplied to the handle 7. On other models of the device the foot pressure bar 3 isconnected to the main body 1 of the device, and is used to apply pressure to insert theground peg 15 into the ground or to assist any pressure being applied to the handle 7.On some models of the device the foot pressure bar 3 may be unscrewed and used tosecure to the device the detachable ground peg holding and releasing systems 2a and orfunction adaptors 16 when screwed back on. These may be secured separately or incombinations e.g. a detachable ground peg holding and releasing system 2a and afunction adaptor 16 mounted together.

Claims (1)

1. Claim 1 A range of ground peg manipulating devices where each device will holdsingularly an assortment of tent pegs / ground pegs using a ground peg holding andreleasing system to hold die peg while inserting it into the ground then detach and whenrequired reattaching to extract it from the ground without the need for rotary motion,comprising a main body having a Tee handle and a foot pressure bar, a hand operatedground peg holding and releasing system controlling mechanism which provides avariable ground peg holding pressure using a hand lever system which generates amechanical advantage, the pressure and movement being applied to a pressure andmovement transfer system which transfers the pressure and movement to the ground pegholding and releasing system which has a adjustable size aperture due to a retractableloading plate element of the pressure and movement transfer system which is springloaded to apply a pre holding pressure to the ground peg, the ground peg holding andreleasing system having attachment means for ground peg holding and releasing adaptors,function adaptors and function elements. Claim 2 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 wherein theground peg holding and releasing system is detachable on some models of the device,having at least two mounting holes, thereby having the ability to adjust/alter the size ofthe ground peg holding and releasing systems ground peg holding aperture by choice ofhole. Claim 3 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein some models of the device the ground peg holding and releasing system isdetachable and is secured to the device using at least one screw threaded and tappedsecuring system. Claim 4 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein the foot pressure bar is removable and is used to secure behind it when screwedback on, the ground peg holding and releasing systems which are detachable and orfunction adaptors, these being secured separately or in combinations. Claim 5 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 wherein onsome models of the device die ground peg holding and releasing system is not detachablefrom the device, wherein the foot pressure bar is removable and can be used for thesecuring of function elements and or function adaptors behind it when screwed back on. Claim 6 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein the ground peg holding and releasing systems will accommodate detachableground peg holding and releasing adaptors, these being secured with at least one threadedand tapped securing system. Claim 7 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 6 wherein onsome models of the device the function elements or function adaptors are secured to theground peg holding and releasing system using the threaded and tapped securing systemas used by the ground peg holding and releasing adaptors, the function elements orfunction adaptors being mounted either separately or in combination with a ground pegholding and releasing adaptor. Claim 8 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein the ground peg holding and releasing systems will accommodate the functionelement or the function adaptor having one hook element and one straight prong forground peg and or guyline manipulation. Claim 9 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 7 wherein theground peg holding and releasing systems will accommodate the function element or thefunction adaptor having a double hook element for ground peg and or guylinemanipulation. Claim 10 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 7 whereinsome models of the device the ground peg holding and releasing systems willaccommodate the function element or the function adaptor having at least one hookelement for ground peg and or guyline manipulation. Claim 11 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein the ground peg holding and releasing systems have holes provided for themounting / securing of ground peg holding and releasing adaptors and or functionelements and or function adaptors, these being mounted either separately or incombinations. Claim 12 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein the different designs of ground pegs require different designs of ground pegholding and releasing systems to accommodate them, these differing designs of groundpeg holding and releasing systems are produced as the ground peg holding and releasingsystems which are detachable as well as the ground peg holding and releasing systemswhich are not detachable as well as the ground peg holding and releasing adaptors whichare detachable. Claim 13 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according claim 12 wherein somemodels of the range of devices have a ground peg holding and releasing systems holdingform which has a cross section shape I form that is of a square three sided open channeldesign. Claim 14 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 12 whereinsome models of the range of devices the ground peg holding and releasing systemsholding form has a U shaped cross section. Claim 15 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein on some models of the range of devices the ground peg holding and releasingsystems holding form has two parallel protruding faces which extend in line with thebody of the device protruding at right angles to the body of the device extending parallelwith the loading plate, the ground peg being located between these faces, supporting theground peg head and or hook system on the edges of these faces, these edges beingclosest to the pressure and movement transfer systems loading plate. Claim 16 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 15 wherein onsome models of the range of devices the ground peg holding and releasing systemsholding form, these supporting edges are level and on other ground peg holding andreleasing systems holding form, one edge is higher than the other to accommodate aground peg which has a double hook form or head form of different heights / levels. Claim 17 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 12 or claim 13wherein on some models of die range of devices the ground peg holding and releasingsystem is an open channel type design having level parallel sides which accommodates arange of removable ground peg holding and releasing adaptors which areinterchangeable. Claim 18 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 12 wherein onsome models of the range of devices the ground peg holding and releasing systemsholding form is of a flat plate cross section some versions having two pins I dowels andother versions having four pins / dowels between which the body of the ground peg islocated, also giving support to the head and or hook element of the ground peg. Claim 19 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 12 wherein onsome models of the range of devices the ground peg holding and releasing systemsholding form has an end section face at right angles to the body of the device extendingparallel with the loading plate, the face having at least one slot into which the ground pegis located. Claim 20 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 12 or claim 15or claim 17 wherein on some models of the range of devices the ground peg holding andreleasing systems holding form has an upper and a lower ground peg holding / locatingface, both of these feces protrude at right angles to the main body of the device beingparallel to each other and extend parallel to the loading plate, both having an open frontedslot into which the ground peg is fitted, locating the body or spike of the ground peg onthree sides in both slots and supporting the ground peg head and or hook element on theupper fece (the face closest to the loading plate). Claim 21 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein the ground peg is loaded into the ground peg holding and releasing system bypushing the head of the ground peg against the loading plate which is part of the pressureand movement transfer system, this being spring loaded and retractable it holds theground peg in the ground peg holding and releasing system, allowing additional pressureto be applied to the ground peg using the hand operated ground peg holding and releasingsystem controlling mechanism. Claim 22 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 21wherein the ground peg holding pressure is applied by using the hand operated groundpeg holding and releasing system controlling mechanism which generates a mechanicaladvantage increasing the hand pressure applied to the pressure and movement transfersystem to secure the ground peg. Claim 23 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 21or claim 22 wherein on some models of the range of devices the hand operated groundpeg holding and releasing system controlling mechanism is a cam lever system whichprovides a mechanical advantage applying this pressure to the pressure and movementtransfer system. Claim 24 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 21or claim 22 wherein on some models of the range of devices the hand operated groundpeg holding and releasing system controlling mechanism is a lever system whichprovides a mechanical advantage applying this pressure to the pressure and movementtransfer system. Claim 25 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 23 or claim 24wherein the hand operated ground peg holding and releasing system controllingmechanism of the cam lever system models or lever system models act on at least oneroller when applying pressure and movement to the pressure and movement transfersystem. Claim 26 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein the pressure and movement transfer system is spring loaded in the direction ofthe ground peg holding and releasing system. Claim 27 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 26 wherein onsome models of the range of devices the pressure and movement transfer system has thespring loading system located between a rear section / element of the pressure andmovement transfer system and a front section / element of the pressure and movementtransfer system to remove any slack in the system. Claim 28 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 21or claim 26 or claim 27 wherein the pressure and movement transfer system has theloading plate fitted to it which protrudes at right angles to the main body of the device. Claim 29 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 4or claim 5 wherein some models of the device are provided with a foot pressure barwhich is connected to the pressure and movement transfer system for applying footpressure to insert or aid the insertion of the ground peg while also providing addedholding pressure to act onto the ground peg. Claim 30 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 29wherein some models of the device are provided with the foot pressure bar that isconnected to the pressure and movement transfer system and is not removable from thedevice. Claim 31 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 4or claim 5 wherein some models of the devices are provided with the foot pressure barwhich is connected to the main body of the device using a screw thread and tapped holesecuring system. Claim 32 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein a ground material removal scraper is fitted to the device having at least one slot,at least one radii, and or slot with radii and at least one flat section or a combination ofthese to remove ground material which has adhered to the ground pegs. Claim 33 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to any preceding claimswherein the main body of the device has the tee bar handle located at the opposite end tothe ground peg holding and releasing system, on some models of the range of devices thetee bar handle is removable. Claim 34 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 33wherein on some models of die range of devices the main body cross section form is asquare tube. Claim 35 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 33wherein on some models of die range of devices the main body cross section form is around tube. Claim 36 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 21or claim 22 or claim 23 or claim 24 or claim 25 wherein the hand operated holding andreleasing system controlling mechanism can also be used as a function element orfunction adaptor operating mechanism if required. Claim 37 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 wherein onsome models of the device the hand operated holding and releasing system controllingmechanism is a hand pressure bar system which draws the ground peg holding andreleasing system onto the pressure and movement transfer system. Claim 38 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 1 or claim 26or claim 27 or claim 28 wherein on some models of the device the ground peg holdingand releasing system wherein the ground peg loading aperture is covered by a plate whichis the end element of the pressure and movement transfer system, this being spring loadedin the forward position so that said plate covers the ground peg loading aperture in theground peg holding and releasing system, said plate having a right angle bend at its endto form the ground peg loading plate, allowing the head of the ground peg to be pushedagainst it to retract the spring loaded covering plate of the pressure and movementtransfer system allowing the ground peg to enter the ground peg holding and releasingsystems now open loading aperture and allowing the cover plate to slide over it andcontain it due to the pressure and movement transfer system being spring loaded forward. Claim 39 A range of ground peg manipulating devices according to claim 12 whereinsome models of the device have a ground peg holding and releasing system holding formwhere at least one pin will locate in a hole or slot in the ground peg, the body / spike ofthe ground peg being located between two pins.