GB2541011A - A non-woven material with a beneficial copolymer coating - Google Patents

A non-woven material with a beneficial copolymer coating Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2541011A
GB2541011A GB1513892.8A GB201513892A GB2541011A GB 2541011 A GB2541011 A GB 2541011A GB 201513892 A GB201513892 A GB 201513892A GB 2541011 A GB2541011 A GB 2541011A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
woven material
copolymer
coated
suspension
hydrophilic agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB1513892.8A
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GB2541011B (en
GB201513892D0 (en
Inventor
Costa George
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Intelligent Fabric Technologies PLC
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Intelligent Fabric Technologies PLC
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Publication date
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Priority to GB1513892.8A priority Critical patent/GB2541011B/en
Publication of GB201513892D0 publication Critical patent/GB201513892D0/en
Publication of GB2541011A publication Critical patent/GB2541011A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2541011B publication Critical patent/GB2541011B/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D06M15/267—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having amino or quaternary ammonium groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/042—Acrylic polymers
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    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41C—CORSETS; BRASSIERES
    • A41C3/00—Brassieres
    • A41C3/12—Component parts
    • A41C3/14—Stiffening or bust-forming inserts
    • A41C3/144—Pads
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/51113—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin comprising an additive, e.g. lotion or odour control
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    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
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    • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
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    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C09D133/062—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09D133/06
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D143/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
    • D06N2203/02—Natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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    • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
    • D06N2203/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
    • D06N2203/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N2203/061—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
    • D06N2203/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N2203/065—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
    • D06N2205/16—Solution
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/10—Clothing
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Abstract

A non-woven fabric is coated or laminated with a polymethacrylate copolymer derived from 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethylammonio)-ethylphosphate and stearyl methacrylate, monomers also referred to as methacryloylethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and octadecyl ester of methacrylic acid (C18MA). The preferred coated nonwoven also includes an anti-microbial agent and a hydrophilic agent, which is preferably an organic ester. The non-woven material is preferably acetate, polyamide (nylon), polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene or rayon. The coating is applied by lamination, spraying, rolling or chemical padding. The fabric is used in elastic waist bands, wound dressings, adhesive plasters, incontinence pads, breast pads, feminine care products, cleaning wipes and nappies.

Description

A non-woven material with a beneficial copolymer coating
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the application of a copolymer to a non-woven material, and the resulting coated material. The copolymer is selected such that it has properties which are beneficial to the skin. The copolymer can also act as a barrier to irritants, and can assist with the management of moisture in the skin.
Background of the Invention
Inflamed, irritated and sensitive skin is a significant problem for a number of people. It can result from a number of causes including conditions such as atopic, contact or discoid dermatitis/eczema. Skin can also become dry due to loss of moisture from epidermis. Irritation to the skin can occur due to friction between the skin and another material, particularly if that contact is repeated or maintained for a prolonged period of time. For example, skin can become inflamed and irritated due to the use of nappies or diapers, feminine care products, breast pads, incontinence pads, wound dressings, adhesive plasters and cleaning wipes, amongst others.
Contact dermatitis can be caused by a number of factors, including prolonged contact with bodily excretions, sensitive skin, rubbing or chafing, soap, detergent or bubble bath, baby wipes, as well as illness.
One of the most common problems associated with the use of nappies or diapers is nappy rash. Nappy rash is a general term used to describe any inflammatory skin eruption that develops in the region covered by a nappy. It is synonymous with diaper dermatitis, diaper rash and napkin dermatitis. Although there are several causes of nappy rash, "generic" nappy rash is most often considered an irritant contact dermatitis (e.g. a rash that results from localised physical, chemical, or mechanical irritation). Nappy rash is the name used when the condition affects infants and toddlers. Flowever, contact dermatitis may also a problem amongst adults. Nappy rash most commonly affects children from 9-12 months and the affected area may be infected by both bacteria and fungi.
Disposable nappies, incontinence pads, feminine care products, breast pads and certain wound dressings frequently consist of an absorbent pad sandwiched between at least two sheets of non-woven material. The following description of the main elements of a nappy or diaper also applies to these related products.
It is paramount that a nappy has the ability to absorb and retain moisture away from the skin surface. Today's disposable nappies are able to absorb around 15 times their own weight in water. This absorption capacity is due to the absorbent pad contained within the core of the nappy. The pad is specially designed to absorb and retain body fluids. Absorbent pads are composed from fibrous materials (such as wood pulp) and a hydrophilic copolymer. The copolymer is formed from an acrylic acid derivative, such as sodium acrylate, potassium acrylate or an alkyl acrylate. The copolymers can be in the form of hydrogels, superabsorbents, or hydrocolloids. The absorbent pad is held in place by non-woven material sheets that form the body of the nappy.
The non-woven material helps to prevent leakage and gives the product a comfortable shape. Non-woven materials are typically manufactured from plastic resins (or polyolefins), such as nylon, polyester, polyethylene, or polypropylene, and are assembled by mechanically, chemically or thermally interlocking the plastic fibres. The non-woven materials are often manufactured in a different location and then supplied to the product manufacturer for incorporation. Products may contain more than one layer of non-woven material, for example, a top and bottom sheet.
Products such as nappies can optionally be fitted with stretched elastic bands which can be attached to a backing sheet of material (which is typically a non-woven material). The elastic bands may be secured by an adhesive. After the product is assembled, the elastic bands contract and gather the material of the nappy together to ensure a close fit and to limit leakage.
Non-woven materials are also used for cleaning wipes, which are also used in direct contact with skin, and are frequently in contact with damaged or irritated skin. Absorbent pads can be used in adhesive plasters (such as Band-Aids® or Elastoplast®) which may be supplied with at least a non-woven top sheet to prevent the absorbent pad from coming into direct contact with a wound (e.g. to prevent sticking to the wound). Wound dressings can contain a non-woven top sheet for the same reason.
Wounds can leave the skin torn, cut or punctured. This disrupts the integrity of the skin. A wound can be the result of trauma or a pathological process, and can be acute or chronic. The primary function of a dressing is usually to minimise the risk of infection by preventing dirt and bacteria from entering the wound. Another function of the dressing is to absorb any excess fluids (e.g. blood or exudate). There are many different types of dressings designed to aid wound recovery and to minimise the risk of infection. Dressings can be formed from gauze, synthetic materials (such as polyvinyl film), adsorptive pads (including hydrocolloid, hydrofibre and hydrocellular dressings) and hydrogels, amongst others. However, prolonged contact with a dressing can lead to irritation of the wound during the recovery process. The new skin formed during healing is thinner and more vulnerable to damage than normal, healthy skin. Skin irritations can also arise when the skin surrounding the wound is covered by a dressing. It is important that the wound and the surrounding skin do not lose too much moisture when covered with an absorbent dressing.
There is an ongoing need to find ways of minimising irritation to the skin, and assisting with recovery where damage has already occurred. In some cases, inflamed and irritated skin can lead to secondary infection, particularly where the skin has been broken.
Summary of the Invention
According to an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a non-woven material coated with the copolymer 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethylammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate, referred to as the Dreamskin® copolymer.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of applying the Dreamskin® copolymer to a non-woven material; comprising the following steps: - preparing a copolymer suspension comprising 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethyl-ammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer; - a coating step which comprises introducing the copolymer suspension to the non-woven material; - drying the coated non-woven material.
Optionally the coated non-woven material can be set during drying. This step is optional as wash durability is not required for disposable non-woven materials.
The invention also relates to the use of the claimed non-woven material coated with the Dreamskin® copolymer as a material which is beneficial to inflamed, irritated and sensitive skin. Further, the invention relates to the use of a dry non-woven material coated with the Dreamskin® copolymer for the production of products such as nappies, incontinence pads, breast pads, feminine care products, wound dressings, adhesive plasters, and/or cleaning wipes. The invention also relates to nappies, incontinence pads, breast pads, feminine care products, wound dressings, adhesive plasters, and/or cleaning wipes which comprise a non-woven material coated with the Dreamskin® copolymer.
The Dreamskin® copolymer can be applied as part of a suspension, where the suspension can comprise water, Dreamskin® copolymer, and optional ingredients such as preservatives or antibacterial agents, for example.
Where a copolymer suspension is prepared, the concentration of the Dreamskin® copolymer in the copolymer suspension is preferably between 0.1wt% and 15wt%, or more preferably, the concentration of the copolymer can be between lwt% and 10wt%, most preferably between lwt% and 7.5wt%. For example, the concentration of Dreamskin® copolymer in the suspension can be 2, 3, 4 or 5wt%.
The Dreamskin® copolymer suspension can be applied to the non-woven material in the form of a neat suspension, or it may be further diluted with water or other components. The copolymer suspension can be diluted with water such that the concentration of copolymer in the aqueous suspension is in the range of 0.001wt% to 10wt%, more preferably 0.005wt% to 5wt%, most preferably in the range of 0.01wt% to 13wt%. The concentration of copolymer in the aqueous copolymer suspension can be 0.01wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.07wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.5wt% or lwt%, for example.
The non-woven material may be provided with a Dreamskin® copolymer coating where the concentration of the Dreamskin® copolymer on the coated material is between 0.001wt% and 10wt% based on the weight of the coated material. More preferably, the concentration of the copolymer applied to the non-woven material can be between 0.001wt% and 2.5wt% based on the weight of the coated dry non-woven material, most preferably between 0.001wt% and lwt% based on the weight of the coated dry non-woven material. In other words, the loading or quantity of the copolymer on the coated material can be between O.Olg copolymer per kilogram of coated dry material (0.005g/kg) to lOOg/kg, more preferably between O.Olg/kg and 25g/kg, most preferably between O.Olg/kg and lOg/kg.
The Dreamskin® copolymer exhibits beneficial qualities in terms of soothing inflamed, irritated and sensitive skin. The inclusion of the copolymer into a non-woven material allows the beneficial properties of the copolymer to be utilised in applications such as disposable nappies, feminine care products, breast pads, incontinence pads, wound dressings, adhesive plasters, cleaning wipes, and other applications where the non-woven material is contact with skin. The copolymer can promote healing and help to prevent secondary infection.
The Dreamskin® copolymer is a breakthrough in the management of skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis. The copolymer improves moisture levels of both damaged and healthy skin. It has been found to be helpful in the treatment of skin irritation caused by washing powder residue, pollen and moisture and has a very low friction coefficient which makes it resistant to common irritants such as washing powder residue and prevents them from sticking to its surface. The low friction coefficient property results in the Dreamskin® copolymer treated material being free of common irritants which would otherwise collect on the surface of the treated material and in other words acts as a barrier to common skin irritants. The Dreamskin® copolymer is also highly biocompatible.
The hydrophobic element of the Dreamskin® copolymer provides an external barrier effect against irritants. It effectively displaces other molecules and prevents molecules from either attaching to the material or dispersing through the material during use. The hydrophobic element of the Dreamskin® copolymer provides a moisture retaining property which is important for the repair of damaged skin, therefore non-woven material coated (or impregnated) with Dreamskin® copolymer can increase the moisture retention and moisture replenishment of skin. The copolymer supports natural skin repair; where skin has been damaged, the use of a Dreamskin® coating can lead to a reduced healing times.
As a result of the low friction coefficient of the Dreamskin® copolymer, any material coated with the Dreamskin® copolymer will not adhere to damaged skin or weeping lesions. The skin is further protected as the copolymer acts as a barrier to common irritants such as washing powder residues, dust, bodily excrements etc. The copolymer may optionally be combined with an anti-microbial ingredient.
The copolymer also offers relief from itching which is often associated with dermatitis and damaged skin. The copolymer accelerates recovery for sufferers of contact dermatitis and eczema, including conditions such as nappy rash.
The non-woven material which is used to carry the copolymer suspension may be any suitable material such as acetate, nylon, polyester, polyethylene, polyamide, polypropylene, rayon or any other alternatives. Bonding may be thermal or mechanical, and adhesives may be used. The non-woven material of the present application includes materials produced by carded, spun or air-laid bonded techniques. The non-woven material can include textiles, cloth, fabrics, webs, nettings or thin films. For example, the non-woven material can be a polypropylene sheet coated with the Dreamskin® copolymer.
The copolymer suspension can be applied to a non-woven material by any suitable means, including dyeing, spraying, knife coating, coating using a roller, foam finishing, or chemical padding (pad-dry-cure), for example. Various roller coating techniques are available including direct roller coating, kiss roller coating, calendar coating, forward roller coating, reverse roller coating, metered rolling, transfer rolling, post application metering (or secondary metered roller coating), pressure roller coating, or web coating. The coating technique can be selected depending on the coating level required. There are generally three main levels of coating a material - surface level (where the surface of the fabric or material is coated), yarn level and filament/fibre level. Roller techniques can be used for material level coatings, whilst chemical padding techniques are used when more in-depth coatings are required.
The copolymer suspension or the aqueous copolymer suspension can be applied directly to the material using a roller. The use of a roller coating technique can minimise the amount of copolymer required, although the percentage of the coating that adheres to the material depends on the surface characteristics of both the roller and the material. For applications where the coated non-woven material is intended for 'single-use' products, wash durability is not required. The coating can be applied at surface level and there is no requirement for the copolymer to be bonded to the yarns or fibres.
When using roller-coating methods to coat a non-woven material, one example of a suitable concentration or loading level can be between O.Olg and l.Og of Dreamskin® per kilogram of dry material. For a non-woven material having a fabric weight of 15g/m2 the loading of the Dreamskin® copolymer on the fabric can be 0.015g/m2, or 0.1wt%, for example. The thickness of the coating can be adjusted by changing the process settings, such as the speed of the rollers and nip settings.
Alternatively, a solution comprising the Dreamskin® copolymer can be sprayed onto the material. In spray-coating (or spray-bonding), the aqueous copolymer suspension can be sprayed directly onto the material in the form of small droplets. The depth of penetration of the copolymer suspension would depend on the wettability of the fibres, as well as the permeability and amount of suspension. Both roller and spray-coating techniques allow the coating to be applied to selected areas of the material, and/or to one side of the material.
Alternatively, the aqueous copolymer suspension can be applied to the material using a chemical padding technique. The Dreamskin® copolymer can be absorbed into the non-woven material, to form a coating on the fibres of the material. This can involve preparing an aqueous Dreamskin® suspension, where the copolymer suspension is further diluted with water. The aqueous suspension is then transferred to a vessel, known as a padding bath, for the coating step. The dipping speed can be kept deliberately slow to allow the chemicals to penetrate into the material. This allows the fibres of the material to be thoroughly coated with the copolymer. Coating the fibres of the material can allow the material to retain the coating even after washing. After being submerged in the suspension in the padding bath, the material is optionally passed through at least one pair of rollers (which dictate pick-up), and is then sent for drying and curing.
When using chemical padding for coating a non-woven material, the aqueous Dreamskin® suspension is used. One example of a suitable concentration or loading level can be between O.lg and 1.5g of Dreamskin® per kilogram of dry material. The material can be subjected to a single dip, with the rollers adjusted to produce a pick-up of between 70% and 90%. The pickup level can be adjusted by changing the nip settings on the rollers. Usually, adjustments are made by trial and error; a few metres of saturated non-woven material are run through the rollers, a sample is cut and dried, and the pick-up level is calculated. The nip settings can then be adjusted accordingly.
Foam finishing can be conducted in a similar way to chemical padding, except air is used in conjunction with water to dilute the copolymer suspension. This reduces the drying time.
The Dreamskin® copolymer can also be applied to a non-woven material during a dyeing process, for example, using exhaust dyeing. During exhaust dyeing, the material carrier is immersed into a dye solution, at an optimum temperature, and held for the required length of time. For example, the dosage can be between 5 to 200g of Dreamskin® per kilogram of material, with a liquor ratio of 1:10, a pH range of between 3.5 and 4.5, a temperature selected between 30°C and 55°C, and a retention time of 15-30 minutes. A hydrophilic agent may be applied to the non-woven material. Hydrophilic agents are also known as finishing treatments or softeners, and can be applied to materials to enhance the absorbancy and also the softness of the non-woven material. The hydrophilic finishing treatment can assist with the reduction of static charge, and can repel dirt from the surface of the material. Examples of types of finishing agents include; non-slipping agents, water and oil repellents, polymers, softeners, silicone softeners, bio-polishing agents, anti-static agents, flame retardants, and anti-crease agents.
Examples of suitable hydrophilic agents include modified silicone emulsions (e.g. blended with polymer resin, blended with polyurethane), carboxylic acid compounds (e.g. ethoxylated, or aromatic) or blends of carboxylic acid compounds), and organic polymers.
The hydrophilic agent may be an organic ester. The organic ester can be derived from phosphates, and can be an organophosphate (organic phosphate ester), for example.
Examples of commercially available hydrophilic agents based on organic esters include Silastol PHPTM, Steral DNTM, Emussal FWTM and Emussal CA/50TM.
The hydrophilic agent can be added to the copolymer suspension for simultaneous application the non-woven material. Alternatively, the hydrophilic agent can be applied to the material in a separate step, for example, a finishing treatment step. Other components (such as antimicrobial agents) can also be added to the copolymer suspension, if desired. Examples of suitable anti-microbial agents include silver, iodine, glycol ethers, quaternary ammonium chlorides, polyhexinides, biguanides and amides, or a combination of any of these agents. Specific examples of suitable compounds include polyhexamethylene guanide (PHMG), polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, laurylamine dipropylenediamine, benzalkonium chloride and phenoxyethanol.
Where an aqueous copolymer suspension is prepared to include a hydrophilic agent, the concentration of the hydrophilic agent in the copolymer suspension is preferably between 0.02wt% and 10wt%, or more preferably, the concentration of the hydrophilic agent can be between 0.05wt% and 5wt%. The concentration of hydrophilic agent in the aqueous copolymer suspension can be 0.3wt%, 0.5wt%, lwt%, 1.5wt% or 2wt%, for example. The ratio of hydrophilic agent to Dreamskin® copolymer in a copolymer suspension can be between 2:1 and 10:1, more preferably between 3:1 and 7:1, most preferably at a ratio of 5:1.
The quantity or loading of the hydrophilic agent on a coated dried non-woven material can be between O.lg/kg to 500g/kg, more preferably between 0.2g/kg and 50g/kg, most preferably between lg/kg and 50g/kg. Expressed in an alternative way, the concentration of the hydrophilic finishing agent on the coated dried non-woven material can be between 0.01wt% to 50wt%, more preferably between 0.02wt% and 5wt%, most preferably between 0.1wt% and 5wt%, based on the weight of the coated non-woven material.
After coating with the Dreamskin® copolymer and optionally a hydrophilic agent and/or other components, the material is dried. During the drying step of the manufacturing process (which follows any chosen coating method) the molecules reorder into a lamella structure. The multilayered lamella structure formed by the copolymers is both hydrophobic and hydrophilic.
The final drying step may be conducted using any suitable means such as air drying at elevated temperatures. The temperature can be adjusted according to the material used. The drying step may conducted at a temperature of 50°C or above, for example in the range of 50-140°C, or in the range of 70°-140°C, or in the range of 85°-130°C, or in the range of 90°-125°C, or in the range of 100°-120°C. The drying step may take 30 seconds or longer, for example, 30-300 seconds, or 50-250 seconds, or 75-200 seconds, or 80-160 seconds, or 85-120 seconds. Lower temperatures require longer drying times.
The coated material may then be used in the manufacture of articles such as nappies, incontinence pads, breast pads, wound dressings etc. The use of the coated non-woven material is not restricted to the top-sheet overlaying absorptive pads; the coated non-woven material is also suitable for use in any area where the product comes into repeated contact with human skin. This includes the elasticated waist bands and cuffs of products such as nappies, as well as cleaning wipes.
The efficacy of the coated material was tested and compared with an uncoated material. The results of the experimental tests will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
Figure 1 is a chart illustrating the results of Experiment 1.
Figure 2 is a chart illustrating the results of the TEWL measurements taken during Experiment 2.
Figure 3 is a chart illustrating the results of the WCKL measurements taken during Experiment 2.
Experiment 1
The following experiment was conducted in order to provide proof that Dreamskin® products are capable of protecting the skin surface from irritants such as those which are contained in washing powder. A culture plate was prepared with a sample of real skin mounted in the centre of a culture base. A piece of material (in this instance, cotton) was placed on the surface of the skin sample. A mixture of artificial sweat and sodium dodedcyl sulphate was applied to the material surface using a dropper. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) is a surfactant which is frequently used as foaming agent in soaps and detergents. It is also a known skin irritant. The sodium dodecyl sulphate was present at a concentration of 0.7% in the artificial sweat. A negative-control patch test was conducted where artificial sweat alone was applied, without the additional sodium dodecyl sulphate. In Figure 1, the negative-control patch test is labelled as column A.
Three different materials were used for the tests: B. A material that had not been treated with a Dreamskin® copolymer (column B); C. A material which had been treated with Dreamskin® copolymer, such that the copolymer was 5wt% of the weight of the material (column C); and D. A material which had been treated with Dreamskin® copolymer such that the copolymer was 20wt% of the weight of the material (column D).
In these tests, the material used for testing was a cotton material. The artificial sweat was applied to the material until it contained 5.6μΙ_ fluid (i.e. double the cotton weight).
The patch tests were conducted at 37°C for 24 hours. For each test, the piece of material was removed after 24 hours. At this stage, the surface of each skin sample was dyed in order to differentiate the live skin cells from dead skin cells. The samples were analysed using Colorimetric analysis. An assay was produced using a Dojindo CCK8 cell counting kit. This type of assay was selected in preference to bright field microscopy because living cells have insufficient pigmentation to provide reliable results in bright field microscopy. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy was conducted for confirmation of the results. The UV-VIS spectroscopy was conducting using a Shimadzu UV-1800 UV-VIS spectrophotometer. This equipment has a high resolution and can measure the absorbance or transmittance at a single wavelength or at multiple wavelengths.
The following formula is used to calculate the percentage of live cells:
Where: V = % alive cells
Ai = sample light wave absorbency A2 = control light wave absorbency b = extracted solution light wave absorbency
The results of these tests are illustrated in Figure 1. From the chart, it is clear that the treatment of a material with the Dreamskin® copolymer (D) results in a marked improvement in the percentage of live skin cells remaining after 24 hours. In fact, the percentage of live skin cells after testing with a material coated with 20wt% Dreamskin® was greater than the percentage of live skin cells in the negative control (column A - where SDS was not included in the artificial sweat).
Experiment 2
The objective of Experiment 2 was to test the moisturising effect of the Dreamskin® copolymer. In particular, the aim was to demonstrate that Dreamskin textiles promote both the healing rate of damaged skin and improve moisture levels of damaged and healthy skin.
The level of recovery of trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and the water content in the keratinised layer (WCKL) were measured in healthy skin. The skin was then artificially inflamed using anionic surfactants applied using a closed patch for 12 hours. The TEWL and WCKL levels were measured in rough skin. Rough skin was then wrapped in one of the following: - A material coated with Dreamskin® copolymer
- A material coated with Lipidure®-MF - A material coated with Squalane
- A material coated with Vitamin E - An uncoated material.
Lipidure® is a polymer which comprises 2-methacryloyloxtethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC). It has a hydrophilic nature with low toxicity to humans. As it has the same structure as a phospholipid, Lipidure® can be used to mimic the lipid bilayer in cell membranes. Lipidure® could potentially assist the skin to recover from the irritation caused during the experiment.
Squalane (or 2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyltetracosane) is another example of a potentially suitable lipid for assisting with skin recovery. It is often used in moisturisers and is one of the most common lipids produced by human skin cells. It has extremely low toxicity to humans.
Vitamin E is an antioxidant which is renowned for having beneficial effects on the skin. Vitamin E is thought to be able to reduce skin dryness by preventing cellular damage. Many products containing vitamin E are available on the market. They are often used to help skin stay supple, or to try and prevent the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
For each different material, the wraps were applied for 6 hours a day, for four days. The TEWL and WCKL levels were measured for four days following treatment.
The TEWL Index was calculated using the following formula:
The WCKL Index was calculated using the following formula:
The results of the tests were converted into TEWL and WCKL Indices using the formulae above. The TEWL and WCKL Indices were then plotted against the duration for which the coated material was worn. The results are provided in Figures 2 and 3. From Figures 2 and 3 it can be seen that the material coated in Dreamskin® exhibited superior results to all of the other products in terms of moisture recovery.
Tables 1-3 provide experimental data relating to the percentage recovery of the trans-epidermal water loss. Table 1 provides data for the untreated materials, the results for materials treated with squalene are shown in Table 2 and Table 3 relates to materials treated with Dreamskin®.
Table 1: Uncoated materials (before and after wearing for up to 4 days)
Table 2: Squalene treated materials
Table 3: DreamSkin® treated materials
Tables 4-5 provide the experimental data relating to the percentage recovery of the water content in the keratinised layer of the skin (the top layer of the epidermis). Table 4 provides data for materials treated with squalene. Untreated materials were found to yield almost identical results to those found when using materials treated with squalene. Table 5 provides the results produced when using materials treated with Dreamskin®.
Recovery ratio in (%) of Water Content in Keratinized Layer (WCKL)
Table 4: Squalene treated materials
Table 5: Dreamskin® treated materials
Summary A non-woven material comprising a 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethylammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer (or Dreamskin® copolymer) coating can have beneficial effects when in contact with human skin, particularly in terms of improving moisture retention in the epidermis and minimising cell death.

Claims (37)

  1. Claims 1) A non-woven material coated with the copolymer 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethylammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate.
  2. 2) A non-woven material according to Claim 1, wherein the concentration of the copolymer on the coated material is between 0.001wt% and 10wt%.
  3. 3) A non-woven material according to any preceding claim, wherein the concentration of the copolymer on the coated non-woven material is between 0.01wt% and lwt%.
  4. 4) A non-woven material according to any preceding claim, wherein the quantity of the copolymer on the coated non-woven material is between 0.05g/kg and lOOg/kg.
  5. 5) A non-woven material according to any preceding claim, wherein the quantity of the copolymer on the coated non-woven material is between O.lg/kg and lOg/kg.
  6. 6) A non-woven material according to any preceding claim, wherein the non-woven material is further coated with an anti-microbial agent.
  7. 7) A non-woven material according to any preceding claim, wherein the non-woven material is further coated with a hydrophilic agent.
  8. 8) A non-woven material according to Claim 7, wherein the hydrophilic agent comprises at least one of a carboxylic acid, a modified silicone emulsion, or an organic polymer.
  9. 9) A non-woven material according to any one of Claims 7 or 8, wherein the hydrophilic agent comprises an organic ester.
  10. 10) A non-woven material according to any one of Claims 7 to 9, wherein the concentration of the hydrophilic agent on the coated non-woven material is between 0.05wt% and 50wt%.
  11. 11) A non-woven material according to any one of Claims 7 to 10, wherein the concentration of the hydrophilic agent on the coated non-woven material is between 0.1wt% and 5wt%.
  12. 12) A non-woven material according to any one of Claims 7 to 10, wherein the quantity of hydrophilic agent on the coated non-woven material is between 0.5g/kg and 500g/kg.
  13. 13) A non-woven material non-woven material according to any one of Claims 6 to 12, wherein the quantity of hydrophilic agent on the coated non-woven material is between lg/kg to 50g/kg.
  14. 14) A non-woven material according to any preceding claim, wherein the non-woven material is selected from acetate, nylon, polyethylene, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, and/or rayon.
  15. 15) The use of a non-woven material according to any preceding claim as a material which is beneficial to inflamed, irritated and sensitive skin.
  16. 16) The use of a non-woven material according to any one of Claims 1 to 15 for the production of nappies, incontinence pads, breast pads, feminine care products, wound dressings, adhesive plasters and/or cleaning wipes.
  17. 17) A method of coating a non-woven material; comprising the following steps: - preparing a copolymer suspension comprising 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethyl- ammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer; - a coating step which comprises introducing the copolymer suspension to the non- woven material; - drying and setting the coated non-woven material.
  18. 18) A method according to Claim 17, wherein the copolymer suspension comprises between 0.1wt% and 15wt% 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethylammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer.
  19. 19) A method according to any one of Claims 17 or 18, wherein the copolymer suspension comprises between 0.5wt% and 10wt% 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethylammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer.
  20. 20) A method according to any one of Claims 17 to 19, wherein the coating step is conducted in the presence of an acidic solution.
  21. 21) A method according to Claim 20, wherein the pH of the copolymer suspension during the coating step is in the range of between 3.5 and 7.
  22. 22) A method according to any one of Claims 20 or 21, wherein the pH of the copolymer suspension during the coating step is in the range of 5.7 to 7.
  23. 23) A method according to Claim 16, comprising a further step of diluting the copolymer solution with water and/or additional components to form an aqueous copolymer suspension, where the coating step comprises introducing the aqueous copolymer suspension to the non-woven material.
  24. 24) A method according to Claim 23, wherein the concentration of the copolymer in the aqueous copolymer suspension is between 0.001wt% and 10wt%.
  25. 25) A method according to Claim 23 or 24, wherein the concentration of the copolymer in the aqueous copolymer suspension is between 0.005wt% and 5wt%.
  26. 26) A method according to any one of Claims 23 to 25, wherein the concentration of the copolymer in the aqueous copolymer suspension is between 0.01wt% and 1 wt%.
  27. 27) A method according to any one of Claims 23 to 26, wherein at least one of the additional components is an antimicrobial agent or a hydrophilic agent.
  28. 28) A method according to Claim 27, where the hydrophilic agent is an organic ester.
  29. 29) A method according to any one of Claims 25 or 26, wherein the hydrophilic agent is present in the copolymer suspension at a ratio of at least 2:1 with the copolymer.
  30. 30) A method according to any one of Claims 28 to 29, wherein the concentration of hydrophilic agent in the copolymer suspension is between 0.02wt% and 10wt%.
  31. 31) A method according to any one of Claims 28 to 30, wherein the concentration of hydrophilic agent in the copolymer suspension is between 0.05wt% and 5wt%.
  32. 32) A method according to any one of Claims 17 to 31, wherein the method of adding the copolymer suspension to the non-woven material is a method of coating.
  33. 33) A method according to any one of Claims 17 to 32, wherein the coating method is lamination, spraying, rolling, or wherein the coating is conducted during the dyeing process.
  34. 34) A method according to any one of Claims 17 to 32, wherein the copolymer suspension is applied to the non-woven material using chemical padding.
  35. 35) A nappy comprising a non-woven material coated with 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethyl-ammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer.
  36. 36) A nappy according to Claim 35, wherein the elasticated waist band comprises a non-woven material coated with 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethyl-ammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer.
  37. 37) A wound dressing, adhesive plaster, incontinence pad, breast pad, feminine care product, or cleaning wipe comprising a non-woven material coated with 2-(methylacryloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethylammonio)-ethylphosphate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer.
GB1513892.8A 2015-08-06 2015-08-06 A non-woven material with a beneficial copolymer coating Active GB2541011B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004196868A (en) * 2002-12-16 2004-07-15 Nof Corp Polymer nanosphere, its use and preparation process
JP2008195626A (en) * 2007-02-09 2008-08-28 Mandom Corp Pack cosmetic for skin
JP2009046619A (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-03-05 Nof Corp Leather surface protective agent
GB2507752A (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-14 Intelligent Fabric Technologies Plc Fabric softener compositions

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004196868A (en) * 2002-12-16 2004-07-15 Nof Corp Polymer nanosphere, its use and preparation process
JP2008195626A (en) * 2007-02-09 2008-08-28 Mandom Corp Pack cosmetic for skin
JP2009046619A (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-03-05 Nof Corp Leather surface protective agent
GB2507752A (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-14 Intelligent Fabric Technologies Plc Fabric softener compositions

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GB201513892D0 (en) 2015-09-23

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