GB2536748A - An artificial kidney - Google Patents
An artificial kidney Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2536748A GB2536748A GB1519147.1A GB201519147A GB2536748A GB 2536748 A GB2536748 A GB 2536748A GB 201519147 A GB201519147 A GB 201519147A GB 2536748 A GB2536748 A GB 2536748A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- flow
- blood
- filters
- particulate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/30—Single needle dialysis ; Reciprocating systems, alternately withdrawing blood from and returning it to the patient, e.g. single-lumen-needle dialysis or single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/301—Details
- A61M1/303—Details having a reservoir for treated blood to be returned
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/168—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/168—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use
- A61M1/1682—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use both machine and membrane module, i.e. also the module blood side
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
- A61M1/3403—Regulation parameters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
- A61M1/3472—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration with treatment of the filtrate
- A61M1/3482—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration with treatment of the filtrate by filtrating the filtrate using another cross-flow filter, e.g. a membrane filter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/75—General characteristics of the apparatus with filters
- A61M2205/7554—General characteristics of the apparatus with filters with means for unclogging or regenerating filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
- A61M2205/8237—Charging means
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
A means for dialysis comprises a flow of unfiltered fluid or blood 1, said fluid undergoing at least one stage of partial filtration by means of a self-cleaning filter 2, said partially filtered fluid passing through a second filter 3, said second filtered fluid returning to said partially filtered flow. The said partially filtered flow may undergo a second stage of partial filtration 4. At a final stage said second filtered flow enters a storage chamber 5 having means for emptying said chamber and flushing said second filters with said final second filtered flow fluid. A turbine 6 driven by the flow of a patients blood drives a generator 7, which powers a pump 8 for flushing the filters. The self-cleaning filters may be angled to allow particles to be washed past the filter. The means may be wholly contained within a patient.
Description
An Artificial Kidney This invention relates to an artificial device for dialysing inside the body as a replacement for outside the body dialysis for people with kidney failure.
People with kidney failure have to undergo dialysis on a regular basis while waiting for a transplant which is inconvenient, expensive and gives a poor quality of life. This will have to continue until a transplant can take place which could be a number of years. To overcome this, the present invention proposes means for dialysis, said means comprising a plurality of filter stages, each stage isolating a sufficient quantity of a specific size of particulate, wherein means allows an exiting flow of a last filter stage to be collected and stored until a sufficient amount is collected wherein said collected flow flushes and cleans said plurality of filters.
When the fluid passes through the plurality of filters the blood is sufficiently filtered, however, due to the final filtration stage fluid being used to flush the filters this enables a long-lasting and self maintaining device which reduces the cost and is relatively simple.
Preferably, means to isolate a sufficient quantity of a specific size of particulate is a first self cleaning angled filter, followed by a second non self cleaning filter, said second filter having holes slightly smaller that said first filter to trap said particulate.
Preferably, said means to collect said last filtered flow is a chamber, and means to flush said filters is a pump powered by an energy storage medium.
Preferably, said energy storage medium is a clockwork mechanism and/or a cell/s and/or a capacitor.
Preferably, said energy storage medium is energised by means of a turbine driving a generator and/or clockwork mechanism, wherein said turbine is driven by the flow of a patients blood.
An example of the invention will now be described by referring to the accompanying drawing: -figure 1 shows a side view of an artificial kidney.
A flow of blood 1, (largest arrows), passes through a plurality of filter stages, each stage separates a certain amount and size of particulates by means which may be by a self cleaning filter 2, leading to a second non-self cleaning filer 3 which has hole sizes slightly smaller than the first filter to trap the particulates. This process has trapped the largest particulates as they passed through the first filter but not the second. This second filtered fluid then returns to the original blood flow 12 (smallest arrows). A second cycle similar to the first except with slightly smaller hole sizes to trap the next largest particulates then occurs 4, of which a plurality is built up until the desired filtration has taken place. After the final cycle of filtration, in the diagram this is the second stage, the second filtered fluid, after passing through the smallest filters, is then stored by means of which may be a chamber 5 which acts as a reservoir for flushing the non-self cleaning filters. Means of flushing the filters may be by a turbine situated in the blood flow 6 which then winds up energy storing means 7 such as a clockwork mechanism or a cell or battery or capacitor which, when wound with a full reservoir drives a pump 8 that flushes the non-self cleaning filters, this flushed fluid then carries itself and the filtered particulates to a waste chamber such as a bladder 9 (medium arrows). A series of one way valves 10 keep the fluid flowing in the correct directions and double one-way valves 11 manage the flow of the flushing fluid. Where a conflict of interest occurs with one-way valves potentially operating incorrectly the relevant one-way valves are tensioned to only open with the higher pressure flushing flow 13.
The self-cleaning filter is a filter angled such that particulates that do not flow through are washed past the filter due to its angle.
Each individual cycle enables a specific amount of a certain particulate size to be removed from the main stream. The final cycle then takes a certain portion of fluid containing the smallest particulates which remain in the fluid which is used as a flushing cycle for the non self-cleaning filters. The sizes, hole sizes and quantity of holes and angles of the self cleaning filters, number of cycles and variables of the non self-cleaning filters enable a device to be tailor made for the filtration requirements of use.
Claims (4)
- Claims 1 Means for dialysis, said means comprising a plurality of filter stages, each stage isolating a sufficient quantity of a specific size of particulate, wherein means allows an exiting flow of a last filter stage to be collected and stored until a sufficient amount is collected wherein said collected flow flushes and cleans said plurality of filters.
- 2 Means for dialysis according to claim 1, wherein means to isolate a sufficient quantity of a specific size particulate is a first self cleaning angled filter, followed by a second non self cleaning filter, said second filter having holes slightly smaller that said first filter to trap said particulate.
- 3 Means for dialysis according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said means to collect said last filtered flow is a chamber, and means to flush said filters is a pump powered by an energy storage medium.
- 4 Means for dialysis according to claim 3, wherein said energy storage medium is a clockwork mechanism and/or a cell/s and/or a capacitor.Means for dialysis according to claim 4, wherein said energy storage medium is energised by means of a turbine driving a generator and/or clockwork mechanism, wherein said turbine is driven by the flow of a patients blood.Amendments to the claims have been made as follows: Claims 1 Means for dialysis, said means comprising a flow of blood, said blood flowing through a plurality of filter stages, each stage isolating a sufficient quantity of a specific size of particulate from said blood, wherein means allows an exiting flow of said blood from a last filter stage to be collected and stored until a sufficient amount is collected wherein said collected filtered blood flow flushes and cleans said plurality of filters.2 Means for dialysis according to claim 1, wherein means to isolate a sufficient quantity of a specific size particulate is a first self cleaning angled filter, followed by a second non self cleaning filter, said second filter having holes slightly smaller that said first filter to trap said particulate.3 Means for dialysis according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said means to collect said last filtered flow is a chamber, and means to flush said filters is a pump powered by an energy storage medium.4 Means for dialysis according to claim 3, wherein said energy storage medium is a clockwork mechanism and/or a cell/s and/or a capacitor.(r) 5 Means for dialysis according to claim 4, wherein said energy storage 1" medium is energised by means of a turbine driving a generator and/or clockwork mechanism, wherein said turbine is driven by the flow of a patients blood.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB201504996 | 2015-03-25 | ||
GBGB1506599.8A GB201506599D0 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-04-20 | An artificial kidney |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB201519147D0 GB201519147D0 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
GB2536748A true GB2536748A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=53298793
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1506599.8A Ceased GB201506599D0 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-04-20 | An artificial kidney |
GB1519147.1A Withdrawn GB2536748A (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-10-29 | An artificial kidney |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1506599.8A Ceased GB201506599D0 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-04-20 | An artificial kidney |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (2) | GB201506599D0 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07265415A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-17 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Double filtering type blood treatment device |
US20130240443A1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-19 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Method for dosing a substituate which was produced by a blood treatment apparatus as well as apparatuses |
-
2015
- 2015-04-20 GB GBGB1506599.8A patent/GB201506599D0/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-10-29 GB GB1519147.1A patent/GB2536748A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07265415A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-17 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Double filtering type blood treatment device |
US20130240443A1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-19 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Method for dosing a substituate which was produced by a blood treatment apparatus as well as apparatuses |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
Phys.org "Tiny turbine in human artery harvests energy from blood flow" dated 20 May 2011. * |
YouTube "The Kidney Project at UCSF" uploaded 06 Oct 2010. * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201519147D0 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
GB201506599D0 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |