GB2532860A - Process for ash remediation - Google Patents
Process for ash remediation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2532860A GB2532860A GB1517812.2A GB201517812A GB2532860A GB 2532860 A GB2532860 A GB 2532860A GB 201517812 A GB201517812 A GB 201517812A GB 2532860 A GB2532860 A GB 2532860A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ash
- mobilised
- product
- salinated
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001483 mobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000711969 Chandipura virus Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000015951 Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001218 confocal laser scanning microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- AGVJBLHVMNHENQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ca+2] AGVJBLHVMNHENQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008395 clarifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010804 inert waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001457 metallic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010852 non-hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Process remediation of an ash by-product from a Combined Heat and Power Plant, the process comprising the steps of combing the ash by-product with a liquid mobilisation agent, heating and separating the mobilised ash to form a salt product and de-chlorinated ash, transferring the salt product to an evaporator to form a chloride salt precipitate, combining the de-chlorinated ash with a liquid mobilisation agent and removing heavy metals to form an ash residue substantially free of chemically active contaminants. The step of heating the mobilised ash ideally uses excess or secondary heat from the power plant. The mobilisation is ideally water. The ash residue may be used as a low strength material, a filler or an additive to a blended soil product.
Description
Process for Ash Remediation
Introduction
The present invention relates to a process for ash remediation and in particular to the remediation of fly ash in a process which recycles energy from a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant.
Background to the Invention
Renewable CHP plants produce solid by-products. Bottom ash is an inert residual material produced during combustion, gasification or pyrolysis of solid fuels including biomass. It comprises char and non-combustible substances present in the fuel and contains nutrients in varying quantities.
As well as bottom ash, fly ash is also produced during the combustion, gasification and pyrolysis of solid fuels. Fly ash is a fine material which is entrained in the hot flue gases and poses a risk to both health and the environmental. Consequently, it must normally be removed prior to the emission of flue gas to the atmosphere.
Figure 1 is a table which shows the concentration of contaminants [referred to as APC (Air Pollution Control) residues] in as received and washed Fly ash samples from CHP plants. Elevated metal concentrations are expected with waste wood due to nails, copper pipe, hinges etc., with sulphate derived from plaster board and chloride from bricks, cement mortar/rendering etc. WAC (Waste Acceptance Criteria) test results for this material show that the as-received material does not qualify as an inert waste and fails also for disposal in a non-hazardous waste landfill, due to elevated chloride and TDS (Total Dissolved solids) 30 concentrations.
The possibilities for utilising or disposing of APCR (Air Pollution Control Residues) such as fly ash can be grouped as follows: * recovery and utilisation; * solidification; * extraction and separation; * chemical processing and stabilisation; and * landfill.
Extraction and separation of contaminants from fly ash is energy intensive and is most likely a required step where a new use of the fly ash is contemplated. Similarly, in recent years, legislation has been enacted which requires a reduction in the acceptable level of contaminants which may be present in disposed fly ash.
Summary of the Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient and cost effective process for Ash Remediation.
In accordance with a first aspect of the invention there is provided a process for remediation of an ash by-product from a Combined Heat and Power Plant, the process comprising the steps of: combining the ash by-product with a liquid mobilisation agent; heating the mobilised ash to form a chloride salt precipitate and a de-salinated ash by-product; combining the de-salinated ash by-product with a liquid mobilisation agent; and preventing metal contaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash to form an ash residue which is substantially free of chemically active contaminants.
Preferably, the step of heating the mobilised ash uses heat recovered from a Combined 30 Heat and Power plant (CHP).
More preferably, the CHP burns biomass fuel.
More preferably, the CHP burns wood biomass fuel.
Preferably, the fly ash is a product of the CHP.
In this way, the present invention efficiently uses excess or secondary heat from a CHP to decontaminate the fly ash by-product from the CHP. The overall result uses a greater amount of the energy present in the fuel and provides a decontaminated fly ash io which may be safely disposed of or used for other purposes.
Preferably, the step of separating the metal decontaminants comprises precipitating the metal decontaminants out from the mobilised de-salinated ash.
Preferably, the ash is from the Combined Heat and Power plant.
Preferably, heat from the CHP is used for heating the mobilised ash by-product.
Preferably, the step of heating the mobilised ash by-product.is conducted in a heat 20 exchanger.
Preferably, the mobilising agent is water.
Preferably, the mobilising agent and ash form a solution.
Optionally, the mobilising agent and ash form an emulsion or suspension.
Preferably, the step of forming a chloride salt precipitate comprises heating the mobilised ash by-product to evaporate the liquid mobilising agent.
Preferably, the step of forming a chloride salt precipitate further comprises centrifugal separation.
Preferably, the evaporated liquid is combined with the desalinated ash prior to chemical treatment.
Preferably, the de-salinated ash comprises a wet sludge.
Preferably, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises adding a chemical agent to the mobilised de-salinated ash by product.
Optionally, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises rendering the metal chemically inactive.
Optionally, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises binding the metal in a complex.
Optionally, preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises sulphide remediation.
Optionally, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises removing the metal contaminants.
Optionally, the step of separating the metal contaminants from the mobilised desalinated ash comprises flocculation.
Optionally, the step of separating the metal contaminants from the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises pH manipulation.
Preferably, a hydrocyclone is used to remove the metal contaminants from the ash.
Preferably, the ash is dried after removal of the metal contaminants.
Preferably, the ash is fly ash.
In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a controlled low strength material comprising an ash product made in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
In accordance with a third aspect of the invention there is provided a fill material for use in construction comprising an ash product made in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
In accordance with a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a blended soil product which comprises an ash product made in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a table which shows the concentration of contaminants [referred to as APC (Air Pollution Control) residues] in as received and washed Fly ash samples from CHP plants; Figure 2 is a process flow diagram which shows a first embodiment of a process in accordance with the present invention; and Figure 3 is a process flow diagram which shows a second embodiment of a process in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description of the Drawings
The present invention has been designed with the intention of providing a means for more efficiently using the excess heat provided from a combined heat and power plant and providing a solution to the problem of what to do with the contaminated fly ash product created in CHPs, particularly CHPs which burn wood biomass.
In CHP systems it is desirable to utilize more of the heat energy which is released from the fuel. CHP systems are heat engines which heat water to steam then generate electric power. It is a well known scientific fact that a heat engine cannot be 100% efficient and it cannot convert anywhere near all of the heat in the fuel it burns into useful forms such as electricity. The excess heat is in the form of low-temperature waste heat, called "secondary heat" or "low-grade heat". Modem CHP plants are limited to efficiencies of about 33 -60% at most, so 40 -67% of the energy is exhausted as waste heat. In the past this energy was usually wasted to the environment.
It is not practical to transport heat long distances, due to heat loss and it is more efficient to use the energy near where the waste heat is generated. In a central power plant, the supply of "waste heat" may exceed the local heat demand. In such cases, if it is not desirable to reduce the power production, the excess waste heat must be disposed in e.g. cooling towers or sea cooling without being used. A way to avoid excess waste heat is to reduce the fuel input to the CHP plant, reducing both the heat and power output to balance the heat demand. In doing this, the power production is limited by the heat demand.
An alternative is to use secondary heat for the generation of additional electricity from micro CHPs. The present invention provides an alternative use for the secondary heat which also addresses the pressing legislative need to deal with contaminated fly ash.
Figure 2 is a process flow diagram which shows a first embodiment of the present invention. In the example of figure 2 the process 1 comprises a first step of mobilising the fly ash 3 in a liquid, in this example water. The mobilised fly ash may be in the form of a dilute emulsion, suspension and a solution; some of the components that make up the fly ash may go into solution when the water is added.
The mobilised fly ash is them passed through a heat exchanger 5, the heat for which is excess heat from a CHP 7. The step of heating the mobilised fly ash causes chloride salt to precipitate out from the mobilised fly ash 9.
At this stage, the concentration of the de-chlorinated fly ash in the water has greatly increased due to evaporation and another batch of water is added to dilute 11 the fly ash. Thereafter chemicals are added to the mobilised fly ash for extraction of metal contaminants 13 and the fly ash is dried.
Figure 3 is a process flow diagram which shows a second embodiment of a process in accordance with the present invention.
In this example of the present invention, the process is described as being a two stage process which first de-chlorinates the fly ash, then in the second stage removes heavy metals to have a decontaminated fly ash.
As shown in figure 2, fly ash which is a residue from wood biomass fuel CHP is introduced 23 into a mixing tank 25 where it is combined with water to mobilise the fly ash as a suspension, emulsion or a solution. The mobilised fly ash is then transferred to a separator 27 which in this example is a heat exchanger which acts to heat the mobilised fly ash. The energy used to heat the mobilised fly ash is provided by excess heat from the CHP. The separator 27 produces a desalinated fly ash sludge and a salt product. The fly ash sludge is transferred to the stage 2 mixing tank 29 and the salt to an evaporator 31 which extracts further water from the salt. A salt centrifuge 33 separates chloride salt further from the mixture and creates a rock salt end product 35.
Excess liquid from the centrifuge is recycled 37 into the evaporator 31 and may also be re-added to the stage 1 mixing tank 39.
The second stage for removal of heavy metals commences with the dilution of the sesalinated fly ash sludge in the second stage mixing tank using water and condensate 43 from the evaporator 31. Stage 2 solids separation 45 involves the addition of io chemicals to separate the heavy metals from the fly ash and the use of the hydro cyclone to remove the heavy metals. This pad of the process produces a fly ash sludge. The heavy metals are removed at 45 and the solids dewatering step 47 dries the fly ash to produce an end product which is decontaminated fly ash 49 which is light grey in colour. Water may be recycled through the process after solids separation 51 and after solids dewatering 53.
Several techniques may be used to remove or immobilise metals in the ash.
1. Floculation This is used to remove colloids from a suspension often using a clarifying agent.
2. pH manipulation.
The extent to which metallic cations remain within the ash is dependent upon pH. Manipulation of the pH will make it easier to remove the metals.
3. The use of a sulphide such as Calcium Sulphide may act as an immobilising agent.
The decontaminated Fly ash has a number of uses some of which are described below.
Blended Soil The decontaminated Fly ashmay be used in the development of a blended soil with fly ash and compost. In particular, it is envisaged, that a blended soil could form part of a process for the reclamation of former landfill sites. The overall aim would be to take former waste sites including minespoil and develop a topsoil capable of the growth and maintenance of crops for the production of biofuel (in particular bioethanol) crops.
Controlled Low Strength Material CLSM, Concrete and Plasterboard CLSM may be made which comprises around 90% decontaminated fly ash.
Other materials such as concrete blocks may be made with lower concentrations of decontaminated fly ash, for example 20 to 30%. It is notable that contaminated fly ash is unsuitable for this purpose because of the corrosive effect the contaminants might have on steel concrete reinforcements. Another use for the decontaminated fly ash would be plasterboard.
Fill Material The Fly ash may be treated to make a flowable fill, as a substitute for general fill in construction and road maintenance work.
Improvements and modifications may be incorporated herein without deviating from the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
- Claims 1. A process for remediation of an ash by-product from a Combined Heat and Power Plant, the process comprising the steps of: combining the ash by-product with a liquid mobilisation agent; forming a chloride salt precipitate and a de-salinated ash by-product; combining the de-salinated ash by-product with a liquid mobilisation agent; and preventing metal contaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash to form an ash residue which is substantially free of chemically active contaminants.
- 2. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the step of heating the mobilised ash uses heat recovered from a Combined Heat and Power plant (CHP).
- 3. A process as claimed in claim 2 wherein, the CHP burns biomass fuel.
- 4. A process as claimed in claim 2 wherein, the CHP burns wood biomass fuel.6. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the metal contaminants are separated out from the mobilised de-salinated ash by-by precipitation.7. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein, heat from the CHP is used for heating the mobilised ash by-product.8. A process as claimed in claim 7 wherein, the step of heating the mobilised ash by-product. is conducted in a heat exchanger.9. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein, the liquid mobilising agent is water.10. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein, the mobilising agent and ash form a solution.11. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9 wherein, the mobilising agent and ash form an emulsion or suspension.12. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein, the step of forming a chloride salt precipitate comprises heating the mobilised ash by-product to evaporate the liquid mobilising agent.13. A process as claimed in claims 1 to 11 wherein, the step of forming a chloride salt precipitate further comprises centrifugal separation.14. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein a condensate liquid is combined with the desalinated ash by-product prior to chemical treatment.15. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein, the de-salinated ash byproduct comprises a wet sludge.zo 16. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises adding a chemical agent to the mobilised de-salinated ash by product.17. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 15 wherein, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises rendering the metal chemically inactive.18. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 15 wherein, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises binding the metal in a complex.19. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 15 wherein, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises sulphide remediation.20. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 15 wherein, the step of preventing metal decontaminants from being chemically active in the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises removing the metal contaminants.21. A process as claimed in claim 20 wherein the step of removing the metal contaminants from the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises flocculation.22. A process as claimed in claim 21 wherein, the step of separating the metal contaminants from the mobilised de-salinated ash comprises pH manipulation.23. A process as claimed in claim 21 wherein, a hydrocyclone is used to remove the metal contaminants from the ash.24. A process as claimed in claim 21 wherein, the ash is dried after removal of the zo metal contaminants.25. A controlled low strength material comprising an ash product made in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.26. A fill material for use in construction comprising an ash product made in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.27. A blended soil product which comprises an ash product made in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1417855.2A GB201417855D0 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2014-10-09 | Process for Ash Remediation |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201517812D0 GB201517812D0 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| GB2532860A true GB2532860A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
| GB2532860B GB2532860B (en) | 2021-06-16 |
Family
ID=52001138
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1417855.2A Ceased GB201417855D0 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2014-10-09 | Process for Ash Remediation |
| GB1517812.2A Active GB2532860B (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2015-10-08 | Process for Ash Remediation |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1417855.2A Ceased GB201417855D0 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2014-10-09 | Process for Ash Remediation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB201417855D0 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109013654A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-18 | 成都恒鑫和环保科技有限公司 | The efficient flying dust stabilization process of PDS |
| WO2022200753A1 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-29 | Innovative Ash Solutions Limited | Process for ash remediation |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10109077A (en) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-28 | Nkk Corp | Method for recovering heavy metal from molten fry ash |
| JP2001017939A (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-23 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Treatment of cement kiln waste gas dust |
| JP2006255494A (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-28 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | Treatment method for flying ash |
| JP2008246398A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for recovering gypsum from molten fly ash |
| WO2013142957A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Orbite Aluminae Inc. | Processes for treating fly ashes |
-
2014
- 2014-10-09 GB GBGB1417855.2A patent/GB201417855D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2015
- 2015-10-08 GB GB1517812.2A patent/GB2532860B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10109077A (en) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-28 | Nkk Corp | Method for recovering heavy metal from molten fry ash |
| JP2001017939A (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-23 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Treatment of cement kiln waste gas dust |
| JP2006255494A (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-28 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | Treatment method for flying ash |
| JP2008246398A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for recovering gypsum from molten fly ash |
| WO2013142957A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Orbite Aluminae Inc. | Processes for treating fly ashes |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109013654A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-18 | 成都恒鑫和环保科技有限公司 | The efficient flying dust stabilization process of PDS |
| CN109013654B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-07-23 | 成都恒鑫和环保科技有限公司 | The efficient flying dust stabilization process of PDS |
| WO2022200753A1 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-29 | Innovative Ash Solutions Limited | Process for ash remediation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2532860B (en) | 2021-06-16 |
| GB201417855D0 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
| GB201517812D0 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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