GB2520478A - Determining a status of a well construction process - Google Patents
Determining a status of a well construction process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2520478A GB2520478A GB1319085.5A GB201319085A GB2520478A GB 2520478 A GB2520478 A GB 2520478A GB 201319085 A GB201319085 A GB 201319085A GB 2520478 A GB2520478 A GB 2520478A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 242
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
There is described a method of determining a status of a well construction process, and associated apparatus. In particular embodiments, there are provided predicted or planned process data associated with at least one predicted condition or operationplanned to be performed in the well construction process, and performed process data associated with at least one operation actually performed in the well construction process may be provided. The performed process data and the predicted or planned process data can then be processed to produce a well construction chart on a digital display device, and the chart used to determine the status of the well constructionprocess.
Description
Determining a status of a well construction process
Technical field
The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for determining the status of a well construction process.
B acka round A number of processes are required in order to construct a well in the geological subsurface of the Earth. Such processes include in particular drilling and casing a borehole. These processes are typically planned in advance, before actually being performed, taking into account for example knowledge about the geology, possible subsurface conditions and typical behaviour of equipment. Predicted or planned process data are therefore typically provided, being associated with predicted conditions or processes planned to be performed in the construction process.
During the performance of such processes, performed process data are typically acquired that are associated with the actual performance of the process. For example, measurements of borehole properties are typically made while drilling and positional information logged.
It is known to make a sketch of features of a well construction process as the process progresses, for example as hand drawings or using drawing software such as Microsoft Visio. These features may include the borehole that has been drilled, conditions in the bore, or the equipment used in the borehole. The hand drawings or drawings using software may be changed or updated manually once more up-to-date data are available. It is also known to automatically produce, change or update an electronic sketch or chart of the well construction process, for example by a computer generating the chart or sketch in response to the most recent available data (i.e. producing a "current" chart! live" updating). In practice, this means that there may be some detection of data which is more current than other data.
Well construction personnel may use such drawings to determine the status of the process, for example to make decisions about future phases of the process or to determine whether earlier phases of the process have been completed in a satisfactory way.
A problem is that these sketches provide limited information about the actual process.
Therefore, inferences based on such sketches can be inaccurate and be associated with a high degree of uncertainty.
The manner in which the well construction is actually completed may differ from that planned.
Data obtained from well construction processes are stored in databases, but much of the data is not used. Such data is collected typically as the well construction process progresses, and may typically comprise continuous measurement data such as measurements from pressure or temperature sensors, or position sensors, or the like.
Summary of the invention
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a method of determining a status of a well construction process, the method comprising the steps of: a) providing predicted or planned process data associated with at least one predicted condition or operation planned to be performed in the well construction process; b) providing performed process data associated with at least one operation actually performed in the well construction process; c) processing the performed process data and the predicted or planned process data to produce a well construction chart on a digital display device; and d) using said chart to determine the status of the well construction process.
Either or both of the predicted or planned process data and the performed process data may comprise at least one well construction parameter. The well construction parameter may be selected from any one or more of: at least one dynamic wellbore parameter; at least one static wellbore parameter; and at least one wellbore surroundings parameter.
The well construction parameter and/or static welibore parameter may comprise at least one permanent parameter of the borehole, for example the angle of the wellbore, location or position of the borehole, hole size, length of borehole, and/or other configuration of the wellbore, or the like.
The well construction parameter and/or static wellbore parameter may comprise at least one permanent equipment parameter, for example of equipment to be permanently installed in the borehole of the well, for example a specification parameter of such equipment, which may be for example tubing such as casing, liners or the like, the permanent equipment parameter being for example one or more of the position of an installed tubing, the type of tubing installed, diameter of the tubing, material of the tubing, or the like. This may include a parameter of material such as hardened cement in the borehole, for example a cement bond parameter.
The well construction parameter and/or static wellbore parameter may comprise at least one non-permanent equipment parameter, for example of equipment used temporarily to perform an operation in the wellbore, for example a specification parameter of such equipment, for example one or more of the type of drill bit, casing shoe, drill tubing, or the like. The equipment may thus comprise drilling, lining and/or casing equipment. The non-permanent equipment parameter may for example be a parameter of material used together with the non-permanent equipment, for example a drilling fluid and/or cement parameter, for example drilling fluid or cement type, composition, and/or density.
The wellbore surroundings parameter may comprise for example at least one formation parameter, for example one or more of the type of geological formation surrounding the borehole, the formation temperature or the formation pressure, the location of a reservoir, or the like. This may include at least one formation response parameter, e.g. one or more of an acoustic, sonic or electromagnetic parameter associated with borehole logging operations, for example measurement or logging while drilling or casing operations.
The dynamic parameter may comprise at least one controllable parameter of a process performed in the borehole. For example, the dynamic parameter may be one or more of drill bit speed, valve aperture, fluid pump or circulation rates, composition of drilling fluid or cement or the like.
The well construction parameter may comprise a borehole physical parameter, for example the temperature, orfluid pressure in the borehole.
The predicted or planned process data may comprise first predicted or planned process data which are pre-provided, before said actually performed operation in the well construction process, or before any other operation in the process is actually performed. The method may further comprise performing said actually performed operation based on the pre-provided predicted or planned process data.
The performed process data may be obtained from measurements of well construction parameters. The predicted or planned process data may comprise second predicted or planned process data which may be post-provided, that is, after said actually performed operation in the well construction process. The post-provided predicted or planned data may be based upon said performed process data.
The predicted or planned process data may be provided by estimation for example by evaluating a model. The predicted or planned process data may be associated with at least one process operation planned to be performed after said performed process operation.
The well construction chart may have at least one performed process component and at least one predicted or planned process component, based upon the performed process data and the predicted or planned process data respectively. Step d) may comprise comparing the performed process component and the predicted or planned process component in order to determine the status.
Either or both of said planned or performed process components may comprise at least one graphical component arranged to represent a feature of the well construction process. The graphical component may comprise a diagram or plot.
The well construction chart may comprise at least one text or numerical indicator component arranged to indicate the status of the well construction process. The digital display device may have touch input means and the well construction chart may be displayed on said device, and the method may further comprise the step of: modifying said predicted or planned process component by touching the display at said component, to produce a modified well construction chart. In the modifying step, touching the display may generate input predicted or planned data, and the modifying step may include processing the generated input data to produce the modified chart; and the method may include using the modified chart to determine the status.
The input predicted or planned process data may be pre-provided or post-provided relative to the actually performed process, or is associated with at least one process operation planned to be performed after said performed process operation.
The method may further comprise updating either or both of the performed process data and the provided predicted or planned process data, to produce respectively updated performed process data and updated predicted or performed process data, processing said updated data to produce an updated well construction chart, and/or using the updated chart to determine the status of the well construction process.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a computer program arranged to process, when executed, performed process data and predicted or planned process data to produce a well construction chart on a digital display device for use in determining a status of a well construction process, the predicted or planned process data being associated with at least one predicted condition or operation planned to be performed in the well construction process, the performed process data being associated with at least one operation actually performed in the well construction process.
According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a computer device arranged to execute the computer program of the second aspect of the invention, so as to produce said well construction chart.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided apparatus for performing the method of the first aspect of the invention or the further aspect below.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of determining a status of a well construction process, the method comprising the steps of: a) providing data associated with the well construction process; b) processing the data to produce a well construction chart on a digital display device, the well construction chart having at least one performed process component and at least one predicted or planned process component, wherein said performed process component is associated with at least one operation actually performed in the well construction process, and said planned process component is associated with at least one predicted condition or operation planned to be performed in the well construction process; and c) using said chart to determine the status of the well construction process.
The further aspect of the invention may further comprise further features as referred to in relation to any other aspect.
Drawings and descriition There will now be described, by way of example only, embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a flow diagram of a method of determining a status of a well construction process according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of apparatus for determining a status of a well construction process according to an embodiment of the invention; and Figures 3A and 3B are representations of well construction charts at different stages of the well construction process.
Turning firstly to Figure 1, a method 100 of determining the status of a well construction process has steps Si to S5. The well construction process includes processes or operations that need to be performed in order to form a wellbore in a subsurface formation. Such operations include for example drilling of a borehole, and casing or lining the borehole. As is well known, drilling and casing or lining operations may be performed in an alternating fashion until a wellbore has been created and allows access from the surface to the required depth, typically for example the depth of a hydrocarbon reservoir.
The method is performed firstly at Si by obtaining predicted or planned process data.
Such data may be derived from a map or plan for the well construction process, and may include for example target borehole depths, borehole trajectory, size, location, casing types, borehole drilling speeds etc. This data is typically obtained in advance of performing or completing the actual operations needed to construct the well in practice. It may include data obtained from running well simulations, or be based on predictions or estimations of conditions, such as geological rock properties, formation temperature or pressure, or the like.
In addition, at step 52, performed process data are obtained. Such data are associated with the actual performance of the process, typically through measurements, for example borehole temperature or pressure measurements obtained while drilling the borehole. Sensors may for example be provided on the drilling equipment and used to detect temperature or pressure components. Many other parameters may also be obtained, for example drilling rates or drilling fluid pump rates, which are dynamic parameters, which may be logged continuously during the drilling process. The performed process data may also include parameters such as the actual angle of the borehole, borehole position, installed casing diameter or the like.
At step S3 & S4, the data obtained in Si and S2 are processed to produce a well construction chart on a digital display. The processing may include sampling and digitally recording the data of Si and S2, selecting data records, and/or producing display data using the selected data records for displaying components based on the data on the digital display. For example, the performed process data may be processed to determine the drill bit location parameter. If for example the drill bit location has changed by 100 m, then display data may be produced that will generate a graphic representation of the drill bit location and/or end of well in a different location location on the digital display.
At step 55, the status of the well construction process is determined from the chart, for example by analysing components of the chart.
By use of the electronic display device, charts for indicating the status or performing quality control of well construction process can be produced efficiently and consistently, readily stored on a computer readable storage medium. The charts can be automatically produced and displayed via a computer device and updated when new data become available. This provides better process control and understanding of the well construction process status, and reduces risk and cost.
It will be appreciated that the actual performed process may be performed with the aim of following a pre-determined plan, such that ideally the performed process parameters will be consistent with or similar to those of the predicted or planned process data. In practice however, the processes actually performed may vary from the plan to a certain degree, so that there is difference seen in the data. There can therefore be a need to update the planned data after one or more operations have actually been performed so that the plan (and consequently the planned data) remains current or relevant.
Turning now to Figure 2, there is shown apparatus 200 for determining the status of a well construction process. The apparatus 200 comprises a computer device 201, which has an In/Out device 202, a microprocessor 203, memory 204 and a display 205.
The In/Out device is used for receiving performed process data from sensors 206. The sensors 206 operate to detect properties during the performance of an actual process in the well construction process, and generate the performed process data.
Furthermore, predicted or planned process data may be received by the In/Out device from a predicted or planned data source 207, for example by manual input, from pre-existing data sets or knowledge, or obtained from running simulations or the like.
The memory 204 is used for storing the performed process data from the sensors 206 or predicted or planned data from the source 207. These data are typically contained in databases containing data records. In order to store such data, analogue signals from the sensors may need to be processed, digitally sampled, and the sampled values stored as data records in the databases. As new pads of processes or operations in the well construction process are performed, the databases are updated to additionally contain data from those new parts of the process.
The memory 204 is also used to store one or more computer programs. Such programs contain computer-readable instructions and can be executed using the microprocessor 203 to perform the instructions.
In this example, the memory has stored at least one status chart computer program for producing and displaying a well construction chart on the display 205 for determining the status of the well construction process.
The status chart computer program has instructions or rules for obtaining defined well construction parameters for producing the chart. The instructions or rules may be defined to select specific data records and use the selected data records to define the well construction parameter. The well construction parameters may be for example temperature, pressure, location, or type of equipment in the borehole. The instructions or rules may be defined to calculate well construction parameters based on the data records.
The computer program is further arranged to produce components of the chart on the display. This may be done through instructions that can be executed to process the well construction parameters and produce display data, so that there is a dependency of the display data and components of the chart upon the obtained well construction parameters. Thus, if there is a change or update in a well construction parameter, such as for example pressure, temperature or location of drilling equipment, as further processes or parts thereof are performed in the well, the display data and the components of the chart are updated accordingly. For example, to indicate a greater depth location of the drill bit, display data may be produced so that a graphical component showing the drilling bit within the borehole is placed lower on the display.
The computer and computer program is preferably arranged to interface with the stored data to carry out such updates automatically.
The computer program can be executed to automatically check in the data bases for changes or updates in the data bases associated with newly performed processes or pads of processes in the well construction process. If such changes or updates are found, updated display data are produced and the chart is updated.
The production of a chart using both the predicted or planned process data and the performed process data allows the progress and status of the well construction process to be determined with reference to the plan. This can be important for quality control, and evaluate any need to change the plan and the performance of future processes.
Accordingly, the computer program is arranged to operate as mentioned above on well construction parameters of both the predicted or planned process data and performed process data to produce the chart. The chart may thus contain components based respectively upon the planned or predicted process data or performed process data. A status component may be produced and displayed in the chart which is produced for example by steps in the computer program to compare the predicted or planned process data and the performed process data to determine a status and produce display data based on the status to allow the status component to be displayed. The microprocessor 203 is arranged to execute the program and send display data to the display to display the chart.
The memory 204 may also contain recording program for recording performed process data and predicted or planned process data in the databases.
Turning now to Figure 3A, a first well construction chart 300 is displayed on the display of a tablet computer device 301. The construction chart 300 is produced as described above by processing of predicted or planned process data and performed process data.
The chart 300 has a graphical component 302 which represents features of a borehole being drilled in the geological subsurface. In particular, the graphical component 302 includes performed process components which represent features of processes actually performed in the well construction process. For example, the arrangement of actually installed casings 304 is displayed with cement therebetween. By touching the display at the casings, a first box component 305 is generated specifying the actual casing and cement type used. Text components 308 are also produced on the chart indicating temperature and pressure values at the bit from measurements during the actual drilling process.
The graphical component 302 also includes predicted or planned process components based on the predicted or planned data prior to actual performance. For example, a second box component 306 is generated when touching the display at the casings that specifies the casing and cement type planned to be used before the process actually was performed. In addition, the planned trajectory of the wellbore is indicated at 307.
A status of the well construction process can thus be obtained from the combination of components.
With further reference to Figure 3B, a second well construction chart 350 is displayed on the display of a tablet computer device 351. The well construction chart 350 is produced as described above by processing of predicted or planned process data and performed process data, and is an updated version of the chart 300 of Figure 3A. Like features are referenced using the same references as in Figure 3A but are incremented by fifty. The chart 350 indicates the status of the well construction process after further processes have actually been performed. The graphical component 352 has a performed process component 353 that includes a representation of the configuration of casings and linings in the borehole and the position of drilling equipment in the borehole. An additional casing section component 360 is displayed, and the drill bit 361 is shown beyond this casing section lower on the display, to indicate the more advanced position and progress of the well construction process. The graphical component 352 includes a predicted or planned process component 357 which indicates the borehole trajectory as planned. As can be seen, the actual position of the lining indicated by component 360 is not symmetrically aligned with the casing section component 360 to indicate that the actual process has deviated from that as planned.
By touching the display at components of interest, associated components may be displayed, such as the box components 305 or 306 of the chart 300.
In a further embodiment, the chart may be modified by a user by touching the display.
For example, the predicted or planned process component may be modified. In the case of a borehole trajectory component for example, the trajectory component on the display may be moved so that it extends to a different target end position. With reference to Figure 3B, this may for example be accomplished by moving an end point of the component 357 to another position on the display beyond the drill bit. The actual drilling processes, for example, to be performed in the well may then be performed based on the moved end point. By moving the end point, updated predicted or planned process data is geneiated as input, and an updated chart using that data is produced. The updated predicted or planned process data may be fed into prediction models, e.g. in the well chart computer program, to predict well construction parameters that may be displayed in the updated chart.
By moving oi manipulating predicted or planned piocess components diffeient chaits may be quickly produced that are convenient for analysing whether the process planned to be performed is actually realistic.
As the well constiuction piocess piogiesses, multiple well constiuction charts of the kind described above are produced. Historic charts may be stored for example as image data. Charts based on different planned data, for example associated with different options for performing future processes may also be stored. Such storage may be on the memory of a computer device such as described above. Stored charts may be retrieved from the memory and displayed when desired. A movie of the well construction process, or operations performed therein, may be produced. Such a movie can for example be based on a sequence of stored charts, for example based on successive updating of the performed process data, and viewed on a digital display.
Various modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the scope of the invention heiein described.
Claims (22)
- CLAIMS: 1. A method of determining a status of a well construction process, the method comprising the steps of: a) providing predicted or planned process data associated with at least one predicted condition or operation planned to be performed in the well construction process; b) providing performed process data associated with at least one operation actually performed in the well construction process; c) processing the performed process data and the predicted or planned process data to produce a well construction chart on a digital display device; and d) using said chart to determine the status of the well construction process.
- 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein either or both of the predicted or planned process data and the performed process data comprises well construction parameters from any one or more of: dynamic wellbore parameters; static wellbore parameters; and wellbore surroundings parameters.
- 3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said predicted or planned process data comprises first predicted or planned process data which are pre-provided, before said actually performed operation in the well construction process, or before any other operation in the process is actually performed.
- 4. A method as claimed in claim 3, which further comprises performing said actually performed operation based on the pre-provided predicted or planned process data.
- 5. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said performed process data are obtained from measurements of well construction parameters.
- 6. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said predicted or planned process data comprises second predicted or planned process data which are post-provided, after said actually performed operation in the well construction process.
- 7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the post-provided predicted or planned data are based upon said performed process data.
- 8. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the predicted or planned process data are provided by estimation.
- 9. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the step of estimation is performed by evaluating a model.
- 10. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said predicted or planned process data is associated with at least one process operation planned to be performed after said performed process operation.
- 11. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said well construction chart has at least one performed process component and at least one predicted or planned process component, based upon the performed process data and the predicted or planned process data respectively.
- 12. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein step d) comprises comparing the performed process component and the predicted or planned process component in order to determine the status.
- 13. A method as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein either or both of said planned or performed process components comprise at least one graphical component arranged to represent a feature of the well construction process.
- 14. A method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the graphical component comprises a diagram or plot.
- 15. A method as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein the well construction chart comprises at least one text or numerical indicator component arranged to indicate the status of the well construction process.
- 16. A method as claimed in any of claims 11 to 15, wherein the digital display device has touch input means and the well construction chart is displayed on said device, and the method further comprises the steps of: -modifying said predicted or planned process component by touching the display at said component, to produce a modified well construction chart.
- 17. A method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in the modifying step, touching the display generates input predicted or planned data, and the modifying step includes processing the generated input data to produce the modified chart; and the method includes using the modified chart to determine the status.
- 18. A method as claimed in claim 17, in which the input predicted or planned process data is pre-provided or post-provided relative to the actually performed process, or is associated with at least one process operation planned to be performed after said performed process operation.
- 19. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, which further comprises updating either or both of the performed process data and the provided predicted or planned process data, to produce respectively updated performed process data and updated predicted or performed process data, processing said updated data to produce an updated well construction chart, and using the updated chart to determine the status of the well construction process.
- 20. A computer program arranged to process, when executed, performed process data and predicted or planned process data to produce a well construction chart on a digital display device for use in determining a status of a well construction process, the predicted or planned process data being associated with at least one predicted condition or operation planned to be performed in the well construction process, the performed process data being associated with at least one operation actually performed in the well construction process.
- 21. A computer device arranged to execute the computer program of claim 20 so as to produce said well construction chart.
- 22. Apparatus for performing the method as claimed in any of claims ito 19.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1319085.5A GB2520478A (en) | 2013-10-29 | 2013-10-29 | Determining a status of a well construction process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1319085.5A GB2520478A (en) | 2013-10-29 | 2013-10-29 | Determining a status of a well construction process |
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| GB201319085D0 GB201319085D0 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
| GB2520478A true GB2520478A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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| GB1319085.5A Withdrawn GB2520478A (en) | 2013-10-29 | 2013-10-29 | Determining a status of a well construction process |
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| CN111794743B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-10-21 | 四川长宁天然气开发有限责任公司 | Shale gas well engineering tracking deduction method |
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- 2013-10-29 GB GB1319085.5A patent/GB2520478A/en not_active Withdrawn
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