GB2512438A - Cooling system for a vehicle - Google Patents

Cooling system for a vehicle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2512438A
GB2512438A GB1400703.3A GB201400703A GB2512438A GB 2512438 A GB2512438 A GB 2512438A GB 201400703 A GB201400703 A GB 201400703A GB 2512438 A GB2512438 A GB 2512438A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cooling
cooling system
vehicle
water
water trough
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1400703.3A
Other versions
GB201400703D0 (en
Inventor
Zeeshan M Afzal
Desmond Bubeck
Harihara Sudhan Devarajan
Varadharajan Srinivasan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Priority to GB1400703.3A priority Critical patent/GB2512438A/en
Publication of GB201400703D0 publication Critical patent/GB201400703D0/en
Publication of GB2512438A publication Critical patent/GB2512438A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00492—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices comprising regenerative heating or cooling means, e.g. heat accumulators
    • B60H1/005—Regenerative cooling means, e.g. cold accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00507—Details, e.g. mounting arrangements, desaeration devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B60H1/00207—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices characterised by the position of the HVAC devices with respect to the passenger compartment
    • B60H2001/00235—Devices in the roof area of the passenger compartment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A cooling system (18 fig. 2) for a vehicle 10, comprises a one water trough 20 preferably on the vehicle roof 22, the trough carrying water that can be by means of night sky radiant cooling. The trough preferably has at least one transparent wall. The cooling system 18 can cool a passenger compartment 14 of the vehicle by using the cooled water stored in a insulated tank (28). Preferably a heat exchanger (34) cool air in the compartment. Preferably pumps (30, 42) move the water around the system (see figure 2) and a fan (36) blows the air through the heat-exchanger (34). Night time cooled water can thus cool the vehicle interior during the day.

Description

Cooling System for a Vehicle The invention relates to a cooling system for a vehicle and a method for cooling a passenger compartment of a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle.
Air conditioning systems of vehicles are well known from the general prior art. Usually, such an air conditioning system is a component of a system of heating, ventilation and air conditioning which is also referred to as "HVAC". The air conditioning system is used for cooling air and thereby cooling a passenger compartment of the vehicle. In a conventional air conditioning system a refrigerant and a compressor are used. The refrigerant is compressed by means of the compressor. The compressor is driven by a motor. In a conventional drive train this motor is an internal combustion engine of the vehicle, the internal combustion engine also serving for driving the vehicle. Thus, the air conditioning system of a vehicle usually consumes a considerable portion of the output of the internal combustion engine. Thus, by turning the air conditioning system off, the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine can be reduced. However, this leads to high temperatures in the passenger compartment, in particular a driver's cab, especially when the ambient temperature is high. This results in discomfort for the driver.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a cooling system and a method by means of which a passenger compartment of a vehicle can be cooled particularly efficiently and effectively.
This object is solved by a cooling system having the features of patent claim 1 and a method having the features of patent claim 7. Advantageous embodiment with expedient and non-trivial developments of the invention are indicated in the other patent claims.
In order to provide a cooling system by means of which a passenger compartment, in particular the driver's cab can be cooled particularly efficiently and effectively, according to the present invention the cooling system comprises at least one container in the form of a water trough for receiving a liquid and cooling the liquid contained in the water trough by means of night sky radiant cooling, wherein the cooling system is designed to cool the passenger compartment of the vehicle by means of the liquid cooled by night sky radiant cooling. The cooling system according to the present invention utilizes the concept of night sky radiant cooling (NSRC) which is also referred to as night-sky cooling. In the process of night sky radiant cooling a surface loses heat energy by radiation to the sky at night. This principle is used in the cooling system according to the present invention to cool the water trough and the liquid contained in it. Thereby, the liquid contained in the water trough can be cooled when the vehicle is moving and/or stationary. After the liquid contained in the water trough has been cooled by night sky radiant cooling at night the cooled liquid can be used in daytime to cool the passenger compartment.
Thereby, the passenger compartment, in particular the driver's cab can be cooled particularly efficiently and effectively without using a power output of a motor, in particular an internal combustion engine of the vehicle since a compressor for compressing a refrigerant can be avoided. Hence, the fuel consumption of the vehicle can be kept particularly low. The cooling system according to the present invention is particularly suited for long haulage trucks and intercity buses which are operated over night when the liquid can be cooled by night sky radiant cooling. Being an ultra-low energy consumption system the cooling system according to the present invention can enhance fuel efficiency and driver comfort. Moreover, the cooling system according to the present invention has a simple design so that costs to develop and build the system can be kept particularly low.
In order to provide a method by means of which a passenger compartment, in particular the driver's cab can be cooled particularly efficiently and effectively, according to the present a liquid is stored in at least one water trough in which the liquid is cooled by night sky radiant cooling, and wherein the passenger compartment of the vehicle is cooled by means of the liquid cooled by night sky radiant cooling. Advantages and embodiments of the cooling system according to the present invention are to be regarded as advantages and embodiments of the method according to the present invention and vice versa.
Further advantages, features, and details of the invention derive from the following description of a preferred embodiment as well as from the drawings. The features and feature combinations previously mentioned in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned in the following description of the figures and/or shown in the figures alone can be employed not only in the respective indicated combination but also in other combination or taken alone without leaving the scope of the invention.
The drawings show in: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective front view of a commercial vehicle having a driver's cab and a cooling system which comprises at least one water trough for receiving a liquid and cooling the liquid contained in the water trough by means of night sky radiant cooling, the cooling system being designed to cool the driver's cab by means of the liquid cooled by night sky radiant cooling; and Fig. 2 a schematic view of the cooling system.
Fig. 1 shows a vehicle in the form of a commercial vehicle 10. The commercial vehicle 10 is a truck having a frame which cannot be seen in Fig. 1. The commercial vehicle 10 comprises an internal combustion engine by means of which the commercial vehicle 10 can be driven. The commercial vehicle 10 also comprises a cargo load body 12 attached to the frame, the body 12 bounding a cargo bay for storing goods to be conveyed by the commercial vehicle 10. The commercial vehicle 10 also comprises a passenger compartment in the form of a driver's cab 14. Directional arrows 16 illustrate air flowing around the commercial vehicle 10 when the commercial vehicle 10 is moving forwards.
The commercial vehicle 10 also comprises a cooling system 18 shown in Fig. 2. The cooling system 18 serves for cooling the driver's cab 14. The cooling system 18 comprises at least one water trough 20 which can also be seen in Fig. 1. The water trough 20 is arranged on top of a roof 22 of the body 12, the roof 22 bounding the cargo bay in the vertical direction of the vehicle towards the top. The water trough 20 is designed to receive a liquid, for example, in the form of water. Moreover, the water trough is designed to cool the water contained in the water trough 20 by means of night sky radiant cooling. In other words, the cooling system 18 utilizes the process of night sky radiant cooling to cool the water contained in the water trough 20. Thereby, the water can be cooled without using a compressor for compressing a refrigerant.
Especially during cloudless nights large temperature drops occur. The total sky radiation of the earth's surface is equal to the sum of the solar radiation (short wave) and the thermal radiation (long wave). At night the short wave component is absent. If the radiation of a surface at night is higher than the long wave radiation cooling of the surface will happen. This night sky radiant cooling effect is used by the cooling system l8to cool the water contained in the water trough 20 which is, for example, insulated. The cooled water stored in the water trough 20 can then be used in daytime for cooling the driver's cab 14.
The water trough 20 can be used to cool the water contained in the water trough 20 when the commercial vehicle 10 is moving and stationary. As can be seen from Fig. 2, baffles 24 are arranged inside the water trough 20. By means of the baffles 24 the movement of the water contained in the water trough 20 can be restricted when the commercial vehicle lOis moving. The cooling system 18 is designed to cool the driver's cab 14 by means of the water cooled by night sky radiant. Thereby, the temperature inside the driver's cab 14 can be kept low even at high ambient temperatures.
In order to cool the water contained in the water trough 20 by night sky radiant cooling very efficiently, at least one wall of the water trough 20 is transparent. For example, a top wall 26 is transparent, the top wall 26 bounding a space for storing the water in the vertical direction of the vehicle towards the top. Thereby, the water contained in the water trough 20 can lose heat energy by radiation very efficiently. Radiation emitted by the water contained in the water trough 20 can be determined by using the Stefan-Boltzmann law: E1 = caT4, wherein E1 is the radiation emitted by the water in W/m2, c is the emissivity, a is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant and T is the body temperature of the water trough 20 in Kelvin.
Radiation received by the water from the sky can be calculated using the Swingbank model: = 5.4667 x io' T5'9 RH ftUbo5 wherein E2 is the radiation received by the water in W/m2, T is the ground level meteorological absolute air temperature in Kelvin, RH is the relative humidity in percentage. Thus, the effective cooling can be calculated by E1 -E2.
As can be seen in Fig. 2, the cooling system 18 comprises an insulated tank 28. The water to be cooled by night sky radiant cooling can be filled in the insulated tank 28. The cooling system 18 further comprises a pump 30 by means of which the water contained in the insulated tank 28 can be pumped from the insulated tank 28 into the water trough 20.
For example, the pump 30 is designed as a centrifugal pump and driven by electricity.
The water contained in the insulated tank 28 will be pumped into the water trough 20 once a day, in particular during the evening. The water contained in the water trough 20 will cool down due to night sky radiant cooling as explained above. In the following morning the water contained in the water trough 20 is transferred back into the insulated tank 28.
Since the water trough 20 is arranged above the driver's cab 14 and the insulated tank 28 in the vertical direction of the vehicle, the water contained in the water trough 20 can be transferred back into the insulated tank 28 under the effect of gravity. The cooling system 18 has a valve 32 by means of which the flow of the water from the water trough 20 to the insulated tank 28 can be controlled.
If the commercial vehicle 10 is moving over night, convective cooling can be used to cool the water trough 20 and the water contained in the water trough 20 since air flows around the commercial vehicle 10. The top of the water trough 20 will be cooler than the water contained in the water trough 20 so that the temperature of the water can be further reduced.
The water contained in the insulated tank 28 can be guided to a heat exchanger 34 of the cooling system 18. The water coming from the insulated tank 28 can flow through the heat exchanger 34 which comprises, for example, coils through which the water can flow.
Thereby, air flowing around the heat exchanger 34 can be cooled by means of a heat transfer from the air via the heat exchanger 34 to the water flowing through the heat exchanger 34.
The cooling system 18 also comprises at least one fan 36 for conveying air around the heat exchanger 34. This air is illustrated by directional arrows 38 in Fig. 2. The air illustrated by the directional arrows 38 is guided into the driver's cab l4so that the passenger compartment can be cooled.
As can be seen in Fig. 2, the cooling system 18 comprises a cooling circuit 40 inside the driver's cab 14. The cooling circuit 40 comprises the insulated tank 28 and the heat exchanger 34. Moreover, the cooling circuit 40 comprises a pump 42 for conveying the water from the insulated tank 28 to the heat exchanger 34 and from the heat exchanger 34 back into the insulated tank 28. For example, the pump 42 can be a centrifugal pump which is driven by electricity.
Furthermore, the cooling system 18 can comprise at least one conduit for guiding the water cooled by night sky radiant cooling from the water trough 20 around at least a portion of the passenger compartment (driver's cab 14) of the commercial vehicle 10 thereby cooling the passenger compartnient.
By means of the cooling system 18 the driver's cab 14 can be cooled without using a compressor driven by the internal combustion engine of the commercial vehicle 10. Thus, the fuel consumption can be kept particularly low. Moreover, a very high comfort for the driver can be realized since the driver's cab 14 can be cooled.
List of reference signs commercial vehicle 12 body 14 drivers cab 16 directional arrows 18 cooling system water trough 22 roof 24 baffle 26 top wall 28 insulated tank pump 32 valve 34 heat exchanger 36 fan 36 directional arrows cooling circiut 42 pump

Claims (7)

  1. Claims A cooling system (18) for a vehicle (10), the cooling system (18) comprising at least one water trough (20) for receiving a liquid and cooling the liquid contained in the water trough (20) by means of night sky radiant cooling, the cooling system (18) being designed to cool a passenger compartment (14) of the vehicle (10) by means of the liquid cooled by night sky radiant cooling.
  2. 2. The cooling system (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the water trough (20) is arranged on top of a roof (22) of a body (12) of the vehicle (10).
  3. 3. The cooling system (18) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the water trough (20) has at least one transparent wall (26).
  4. 4. The cooling system (18) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the cooling system (18) comprises at least one conduit for guiding the fluid cooled by night sky radiant cooling from the water trough (20) around at least a portion of the passenger compartment (14) of the vehicle (10) thereby cooling the passenger compartment (14).
  5. 5. The cooling system (18) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the cooling system (18) comprises at least one heat exchanger (34) through which the liquid cooled by night sky radiant cooling can flow thereby cooling air flowing around the heat exchanger (34).
  6. 6. The cooling system (18) according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling device (18) comprises at least one fan (36) for conveying air around the heat exchanger (34).
  7. 7. A method for cooling a passenger compartment (14) of vehicle (10), wherein a liquid is stored in at least one water trough (20) in which the liquid is cooled by night sky radiant cooling, and wherein the passenger compartment (14) of the vehicle (10) is cooled by means of the liquid cooled by night sky radiant cooling.
GB1400703.3A 2014-01-16 2014-01-16 Cooling system for a vehicle Withdrawn GB2512438A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1400703.3A GB2512438A (en) 2014-01-16 2014-01-16 Cooling system for a vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1400703.3A GB2512438A (en) 2014-01-16 2014-01-16 Cooling system for a vehicle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201400703D0 GB201400703D0 (en) 2014-03-05
GB2512438A true GB2512438A (en) 2014-10-01

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ID=50239018

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1400703.3A Withdrawn GB2512438A (en) 2014-01-16 2014-01-16 Cooling system for a vehicle

Country Status (1)

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GB (1) GB2512438A (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4257399A (en) * 1978-11-13 1981-03-24 Shonerd David E Hydro-solar system for heating and cooling
FR2578493A3 (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-12 Saint Gobain Vitrage Device for cooling the surfaces of a vehicle subjected to localised heating
JPH05330331A (en) * 1992-06-02 1993-12-14 Nippondenso Co Ltd Air conditioner for electric vehicle
US6357512B1 (en) * 2000-07-26 2002-03-19 Zomeworks Passive heating and cooling system
WO2009043179A1 (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-09 Mcnnnac Energy Services Inc. Night sky cooling system
CN103183057A (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-03 上海市向明中学 Automobile roof capable of reducing temperature

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4257399A (en) * 1978-11-13 1981-03-24 Shonerd David E Hydro-solar system for heating and cooling
FR2578493A3 (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-12 Saint Gobain Vitrage Device for cooling the surfaces of a vehicle subjected to localised heating
JPH05330331A (en) * 1992-06-02 1993-12-14 Nippondenso Co Ltd Air conditioner for electric vehicle
US6357512B1 (en) * 2000-07-26 2002-03-19 Zomeworks Passive heating and cooling system
WO2009043179A1 (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-09 Mcnnnac Energy Services Inc. Night sky cooling system
CN103183057A (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-03 上海市向明中学 Automobile roof capable of reducing temperature

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Publication number Publication date
GB201400703D0 (en) 2014-03-05

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