GB2510901A - Improvements In Waste Processing - Google Patents

Improvements In Waste Processing Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2510901A
GB2510901A GB1302840.2A GB201302840A GB2510901A GB 2510901 A GB2510901 A GB 2510901A GB 201302840 A GB201302840 A GB 201302840A GB 2510901 A GB2510901 A GB 2510901A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
processing chamber
chamber
oven
secondary processing
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB1302840.2A
Other versions
GB201302840D0 (en
GB2510901B (en
Inventor
Rifat Al Chalabi
Ophneil Henry Perry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd
Original Assignee
Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd filed Critical Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd
Priority to GB201302840A priority Critical patent/GB2510901B/en
Publication of GB201302840D0 publication Critical patent/GB201302840D0/en
Priority to EP14701614.1A priority patent/EP2958976A1/en
Priority to PCT/GB2014/050201 priority patent/WO2014128432A1/en
Priority to TW103105039A priority patent/TW201500107A/en
Publication of GB2510901A publication Critical patent/GB2510901A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2510901B publication Critical patent/GB2510901B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0335—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/035—Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/005—Rotary drum or kiln gasifiers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation whereby the particles to be separated are in solid form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/60—Separating
    • F23G2201/603—Separating recyclable material

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying material, eg municipal solid waste containing a mixture of organic material and metals, comprises an oven 10 mounted for rotation on at least one support 12,14. The oven 10 comprises a main processing chamber 16 for heating the material in a low or zero oxygen atmosphere to gasify or pyrolyse its organic content. A secondary processing chamber 18 for receiving processed material from the main processing chamber 16 is also provided. An eddy current separator 22 is positioned adjacent or in the secondary processing chamber 18 and is located such that as the oven rotates, material in the second processing chamber repeatedly passes it. The eddy current separator 22 is orientated such that, in use, it ejects non-ferrous metals from the secondary processing chamber 18 eg into a separation chamber 20. Ferrous metals may be removed by an electromagnet 32 before transfer from main chamber 16 to secondary chamber 18.

Description

I
Improvements in Waste Processing This invention relates to the pyrolysi.s and/or gasification of material, i.n particular of material such as municiai solid waste containing a mixture of organic material and metals.
Gasification and pyrolysis olorganic matter are known techniques in which the material is heated in the absence of oxygen (pyrolysis) or in a low oxygen environment (gasification) to produce synas. One example of this is in waste to energy systems wherein waste materiaL for example municipal sol:id waste! is pyrolysedlgasified to produce syngas whkh is then used to create elecWity. However when material having a large amount of organFc material with a ow calonfic value for example wood (in contrast to materials such as plastics which have a high calorific value), is pyrolysed a carbonic residue remains together with inert ash like materials and the non organic matter, e.g. qlass, metal etc. The carbonic residue is a char or coke. like substance referred to collectively herein as char.
After the pyrdlysis reaotio is complete this char still contains a recoverable energy! which can be recovered through gasification reactions in which oxygen is consumed.
These take place at high temperatures and due to the ternperatur and the oxygen present tend to oxidise any metal$ present within th remaining material. This degrades the netai which, ft preserved in good condition can be recovered and recycled Arcordmgly systrns that perform these processes are runninci at a ower than may be expected total efficiency as either the. energy is trapped in the char, or the recoverable high value meals (e.g. aluminium) become oxidised and are either non recyclable or have their value significantly degraded due to the:oxid&ion.
It is the purpose of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus and method of processing Waste.
According to the present invention there is. proVided an apparatUs for pyrolysing or ga&fying material containing an organic content, comprising an oven mounted br rotation on at least one support, wherein said oven comprises: a main processing chamber for heating the material in a low or zero oxygen atmosphere to gasify or pyrolyse its organic content a secondary processing chamber for receiving processed material from the main processing chamber; an eddy current separator positioned adjacent or in the sec1ondary processing chamber and located such that as the oven rotates material in the secono processing charnoer repeatedly passes saic eddy current secarator, wherein the eddy current separator is orientated to, in use, e'ect non-errous metals fram th secondary processing chamber.
As the apparatus separates the non ferrous metals from the processed materIal, the remainder of the processed material can then be 9asified without oxidisThg the non ferrous metals. Generally the non ferrous metals., for example aluminium, copper, brass etc are the metals having a high monetary value as recycled metals and accordingij it these can be separated then tha most valuable nater'als are prevented fro.m becoming oxidised Once the non-ferrous metals have been separated, hot as (in excess of 3QO C) containing a. low level of oxygen (up to 12% mess flow) can be introduced into the secondary processing chamber to gasify the char therein to release carbon monoxide A selectively openable gate may be provided between said main processing chamber and said secondary processing chamber. This prevents rnatehal passing from, the main processing chamber into the secondary processing chamber before processing I the main processing chamber is complete.
The apparatus may further comprise a separation chamber and the eddy current generator can be located to eject non-ferrous metals into the separation chamber.
In one arrangement the secondary processing chamber may be adjacent the main prQcesing chamber In another arrangement the secondary proeessing chamber may be separated from Inc main processing chamber by tne seporatiori chamber The apparatus my further cohiptise an electromagnet located such that the material within the oven passes said electromagnet as the oven rotates. said electro magnetfor the separation of ferrous metals from the processed material.
In this manner the ferrous metals can be separated from the processed materials. A.S they pass the electromagnet they will become attracted thereto and be separated from the remainder of the processed material. Preferably this is done prior to the separation of the non1errous metats so That there is ro magnetic interactions between the ferrous metals and the eddy current separator.
In one arrangement the elcctromagnet is provided in one of: the main processir.ig chamber, the secondary processing chamber, or the separation chamber If provded in the nlain processing chamber the fenous metals can be separated at the end or during the main processing cycle before the processed material transfers intc the secondary processing chamber. If provided in the separation chamber the material will all be passed into the. separation chamber, the oven rotated with ih mgnet activated to attract the ferrous metals, and then the remainder of the processed material, excluding the ferrous material, can be transferred into the seconcaty processing chamber after whtch the non ferrous metals can be ejected from the secondary processing chamber back in'o tHe man processing chamber If provided n the secondary processing chmher The apparatus is provided With a means for heating the main processing chamber and for heating the secondary procØssin chariber, This may ccwnprise the provision of a supply of hot gas to the first processing chamber and the provi$ipn f supply of hot gas to the secondary processing chamber. The supply of hot gas to the seccnd2ry processing chamber can have a higher oxygen content than the hot gas provided to the pn:may processing chamber. The supply of hot gas to the m:ain processing chamber may have substantially no oxygen. In this way the reaction in the main processing chamber can be a pyroiysis reaction that produces syngas and a char and the process in the secondary processing chamber can be a asification reaction that reacts the char with oxygen to produce carbon monoxide.
The apparatus may includo a means of aividing the secondary processing chamber oto a first part ha'ing the eddy current separator associated therewith and a second part The means may e a gate or a closabie aperture The hot gas may be orovided to the second part of the secondary processing chamber. in tbi.s way the eddy current separator is protected from the* *heat and the heat is retained in the secflon of the secondary processing chamber that does not open onto the separation chamber.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a method of pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organic content and non4errous metal, the m:ethod comprising: heatihg, in the main processing chamber of a rotating oven material containing an organic content to a first temperature in a low or zero oxygen environment to pcooess u to release syngas transferring said processed material from said main processing chamber to a secondary processing chamber of the oven; and separatIng, the hon-ferrous metal from the remainder of t.he prbcssS material using the eddy current separator.
After comptetion of the processing of the material in the first processing chamber the' method may further comprise; selectively opening a. gate between said main processing chamber and said seconder,' processing chamber: and moving said oven to cause the processed material to pass from the main processin.g chamber to the secondary processing chamber.
A separation chamber may be provided and the method may further comprise operattng the eddy current separator to move the non-ferrous metals ntO the separation chanter.
The method may ftgther cømprise: providing an electromagnet on said oven: and rotating said oven such that the material within, the oven pasaes said electromagnet as the oven rotates such that said ferrous material is separated therefrom. The ferrous material is separated after the material in the main processing chamber has been processed.
The method may comprise heating. the material in the secondary processing chamber.
The material in the secondary processing chamber may be heated tp second temperature h?gher than the first tempeiature The heating may comprise p'oviaing a ilo.w of hot gas to the main processing chamber to heat the material therein in a first stage of processing; and providing.a. flow 1 hot gas to the secondary processing chamber to heat the material therein, in.0 second stage Of proceihg. The floW of hot gas to the secondan,' processing chamber may have a higher oxygen content than the flow of hot gas provided to the primary processing charttber, Preferably the step of separating the non-ferrous metals from the processed material precedes the step of heating the material in the secondary processing chamber.
After separating the nonferrous metals from the material within the second chamber the method may further conipiie: dividing tho second chamber into a first part having the eddy current separator associated therewrth and a second part containing the matenal and heating the matonal in the second part of the secondaiy procossing chamber.
A specific embodiments of the invention are described helow, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings., in which Figure 1 is a scherhatic cross section through an oven of the apparatus; Fgure. 2 is.a schematic thagrarn of a valve arrangement of the apparatus;*and Figue.3 is-a sdhematic cross section through an alternative oven of the apparatus> Referring to Figure 1 a rotating oven 10 of the invention is shown. The oven 10 is rotatably mounted on two supports 12, 14 The oven 10 comprises a main processng chamber 16, a seconda>y processing chamber 18 and a separation chamber 20 An eddy current separator 22 is mounted adjacent the secondary processing chamber 18 such that the separation force exerted by it on non ferrous metals is *in the direction indicated by the arrow A. In use, material is loaded into main processing chambe.r 12 the oven 10. This can be done in a number of ways. A openable door maybe provided in the oven or a section of the oven 10 may form a removab'e charging box 24 which can be loaded with the material: to be processed arid then attached to the remainder of the oven i0.a flow of hot gas is cen provided to the inlet 26 vhich then enters the main processing thamber 12 and exits va outlet 28 The oven 10 rotates on its supports 12, 14 as the material is heated by the flow of hot gas. The hot gas contains substantially no xgen and hä a temperature in excess of 300°C The organic content of the material pyrolysos and releases syngas containing a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxite.
Once all the organic matter is pyrolyses the first step of processing is complete and the flow of hot gas can be stopped. The completion of the pyrolysis reaction can he ascertained by the monitoring of the ouflet gas from the main processing chamber 16 6.
When it is sensed that the hydrogen ahd/or carbon monoxide levels drop below a certain level, or that the cnange in carbon monoxide and/or hydro9en over time has stabilised then it can be scertaineo that the piocess is complete The processed material will contain the inorganic content, for exampa, dietals, ceramics, glass etc, inert fully pyrolysed residue and some char which still contains a large amount of carbon.
An electromagnet 32 is then energised and the oven 10 continues rotate such that the ferrous material rs attracted to and magnetically retained by the electromagnet 32 1.0 to separate it from the. remainder of the processed material. Although depicted at the top of the oven 10 (when it is not rotated) it will be appreciated that the electromagnet 32 can be positioned a any position relative to the main processing chamber 10 providing the material therern passes the electromagnet 32 as the oven rotates Once th ferrous material has bee.h separated from the remainder of the. processed material the a gate 30 which separates the rosin proOCesing chamber 16 from the separation cnamber 20 anc the secondary processing chamber 18 i'. opened The oven 10 is then pivoted about a pivot bearing 34 and optionally rotated such that the material in the main Ørocessing chamber 12, exciuding the ferrois metal: passes through the gate ao into the secondary processing chamber 18, after which the gate 30 is then closed.
The oven 10 is reverted back to the position shown in Figure 1 and rotates. The electromagnet 32 may be deactivated at this point or may optionally remain on throughout the remainder of the process.
As the oven rotates the eddy curre.nt separator 22 is activated such that a force in the directio.n depicted by the arrow A is exerted on nOn ferrous metals that pass the epsraIor. These metals, sudh as aluminium, copper etc. will be forced by the separator through an openrng 35 and will pass into the separation chamber 20 Two ramped edges 38 assist in preventing the material (excluding the non ferrous metals)in the rotating oven i0.from passing from the secondary processing chamber 18 into the separation chamber 20 as the oven rotates.. In this way the non ferrous metals can be separated from the material in the second processing chamber.
When the. non-ferrous metals has been separated a second gate 40 in the secondary processing chamber is closed with the nateril Eh the bottom Of the chamber 13 with the oven substanualy in the positron as shown in FigUre 1 The material re therefore trapped in a processnci section of the secondary piocessing chamber 18 unclosed by the gate 40.
Secondary processing of the char within the material fri tha secondary. rocessihg chamber 18 than commences. Hot gasses ccntaining between 3 and 1.2% oxygen mass flow rate is then passed through the processing section of the secondary processing chamber 18 The gas has a temperature in excess of 300°C preferably in excess of 500CC The temperature ana oxygen reaJa with the char in a gasification reaction to xidise it to release carbon monoxide If steam is ciso present in the hot gas then the gasification process may also release hydrogen As the non ferrous metals are isolated from the hot gasses they are protected from the heat and oxygen and do not oxidise During the secondery processing the eddy current separator 22 may be switched off or optionally may continue to be activated to prevent any pieces of non ferrous metal reenrering the secondary processing chamber 18 as the oven 10 rotates The hot gas entering the secondary processing chamber 1 may ei ter and leave the oven 10 via the same inlet 26 and outlet 28. Referring to Figure 2 a valving arrangement Of the oven 10 is shown with the main processing chamber 16 and the secondary processing chamber 18 being connected in parallel and valves 42. 44 and 46, 48 respectively controlling the inlet and outlet flow from the inlet 26 and outlet 28 of the oven 10 to the main 16 and secondary 18 processing chambers. The valves 42, 44, 46, 48 and the conduits between them and the processing chambers can all form part of the oven structure.
As the char becomes fully gasified the carbon monoxide levels and the hydrogen levels, which, can be sensed by gas analysers 50, 52 indicate that the prodess is 3Q complete and the prppes$ parr be stopped.
The fully processed and separated material can then be removed from the oven, The chargin.g box 24 can be detached tro.m the remainder of the oven 1.0 and the separated materials will be in three different sections thereof, the ferrous material will be in the section. that formed part of the main processing chamber 16. the non ferrous metal will be fri the section that forms part of the separation chamber, and the inert fulty processed residue which win include ash, fully processed organic matenal residue, and non-metallic non-organ material Cc g glass ceramic. etc) will be in the part of the charging box 24 thth formed part of the secondary processing chamber 18.
The oven may be a drum shaped oven buf may also be a substantially rectangular in cross section.
A variation to the design shown in Figure 3 omits the separation chamber 20 altogether. The ferrous material is separated from the material after the main processing is complete by means of the electromagnet 32. The gate 30 is then opened and the material transferred to the secondary processing chamber 18 as detailed above.
With the flate 30 open the oven ba is rotated with the eddy current separator 22 activated to eject the nnn-fei rous metals back into the main processing crrdrnber 18 The gate IQ is then closed and secondary processing begins When unloading the oven after completion of th proqess fh electro maghet.32 can be maintained activated until the non-ferrous metals a removed, after which the electro magnet 32 can be deactivated to release the ferrous material.
In other respects the oven and process operate in the same was as described above in relation to Figure 1 and 2.
It wHI be appreciated by the skilled person rhat the forgoing s an exampie of the invention only arid other embodiments Lll he apparent to the skilled person. For examole the skilled person will understaro that the 5eparation chamber 20 is not necessarily located between the main 16 and secondary 18 processing chambers, for example the secondary rocessing chamLer 18 could be located between the main processing chamber 16 and the separation chaniber 20 Other modifications will be apparent to the skilled person and arewithi the scope of this Thveition,.the limitation of which is defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

  1. CLAIMS: 1 An apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organiQ content, comprising an oven mounted for rotation on at least one sUpport, wherein said oven comprises: a main processing chamber for heating the material in a low or zero oxygen atmosphere to gasify or pyrolyse its organic content; a secondary processing chamber for receiving processed material from the main processing charner; an eddy current separator positioned adjacent or En the secondary procesSing chamber and located such that as the oven rotates material in I he second proccssnq chamber repeatedly passes said eddy current separator wherein the eddy current separator is orientated to, in use, eject non-ferrous metals from the secondary processing chamber.
  2. 2 An apparatus accordihg to claim 1 further comprising a seiectiveiy openable gate between said main processing chamber and said secondary processing chamber.
  3. 3 An apparatus according tp claim 1 or claim 2 further comprising a separation chamber and wherein the eddy current generator is located to eject non-ferrous nietals ino the separafion chamber.
  4. 4 An apparetus according to claim 1 or ciairn 2 wherein The secondary processing chamber i.s adjacent the main processin.g chambet.
  5. An apparatus according to claim a wherein the secondary processing chamber is separated from the main processing chamber by the separation chamber.
  6. 6 An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claim further comprising an eectromagnet located such that the material within the. oven passes said electromagnet as the oven rotates, said electro magnet for the separation of ferrous materials from the processed material. 1.0
  7. 7 An apparatus according to any one of the preceding ctaims wherein the olectiomagnet is in one of trie main processing chambLr, the secondary processing chainter, o the separation chamber.
  8. 8 An apparatus according to any one of The preceding.cirnS further corftprising a means for heating the main processing chamber and for heating the secondary processing chamber.
  9. 9 An apparatus according to claim a whein the, means for heating the main processing chamber and for heating the secondary processing chamber comprise means for providing a supply of hbt gas to the first processing chamber and for providing a suppy of hot gas to the secondary processing chamber, An apparatus according to c1am wherein the means for heating the main process ng chamber and for heating thu secondary processing chamber are configured to provide a supoly of hot gas to the secondary processing harnber having a higher oxyen cQfltent than the hot gas. provided to the primary processing chamber.11 An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a means of dividing the secondary processing chamber into a first part having the Øddy current separator associated therewith and a second part.12 An apparatus according to claim 11 when dependant on cLaim 9 wherein the hot gas is provided to the second part of the. secondary processing chamber.13 A method of pyrolys'ing or gasi4ing material containing an organic content and non4errøus metal, comprising heating, in the' main processing chambor of.a rotating oven,rnaterial cc'n'tain'ing an crganic content to a f rst temperature in a low or zero oxjgen environment to 3(1 process it to release 5yngas; transferring said processed material from said main processing chamber to a secondary processing chamber of the oven: and separating the non-ferrous. metal from the remainder of the processed material using the eddy curren.t separator'.14 A method according to claim 13, the method furthercomprising: after completion of the processing of the ñiaterial in the first processing chamber selectively opeuinq a gate between said rnatn processing chamber aria said Secondary process ing chamber; and moving said oven to cause the processed material to Øass from the main prcessing ohmber to thesecondary processing chamber.A methodaccording to claim 13. or claim 14 themethod further comprising: providing a sparatipn chamber; and operating the eddy current separator to move the non4errous metals into the separation chamber.16 A method according any one of claims 13 to 15 further comprising providing an electroniegnet on said oven; and rotating said oven such that the material within the oven passes said electromagnet as th ovØn rbtate such that sa:d ferrous material is separated therefrom.17 A method according to daim 16 wherein the ferrous mtorial is separated after the material in the main processing chamber has been processed.18 A method according to any one of claims 13 to 17 further comprising: heating the material in the secondar' processEng chamber.19 A method according to claim 18 comprising heating the material in the secondary processing chamber to Second temperature higher than the first temperature.A method according to claim 18 or 1.9. comprising: providing a flow of hot gas to the main processing chamber to heat the material therein in a first stage of processing; nd providing a flow of hot gas to the secondary procssitig chamber to hat the material: theren in a second stage of processing.21 A method according to c]im 20 wherein providing a suppLy of hot gas to the secondary processing chamber in the second mode of opeaUon comprises providing a flow of hof gas te th4 secondary processing chamber having a hjgher cixygri content than the Uo.w of hot gas provkied to the prThiar processing chamber.22 A method according to any preceding claim 22 whersin the step. of separatIng the non-ferrous metals from the processed material precedes the step of heating the material in the scondary processing chamber 23 A method according to claim 22 further comprising, after separating the nop-ferrous metals from the material within the second chamber dividing the second chamber into a first part iawng the eddy current separator associated therewith and a second part containing the material;, and heating the material in the second, part of the secondary' processing chamber..Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows CLAIMS: 1 An apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organic content, comprising an oven mounted for rotation on at least one support, wherein said oven comprises: a main processing chamber for heating the material in a low or zero oxygen atmosphere to gasify or pyrolyse its organic content; a secondary processing chamber for receiving processed material from the main processing chamber; an eddy current separator positioned adjacent or in the secondary processing chamber and located such that as the oven rotates, material in the second processing chamber repeatedly passes said eddy current separator; wherein the eddy current separator is orientated to, in use, eject non-ferrous metals from the secondary processing chamber.2 An apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising a selectively openable gate between said main processing chamber and said secondary processing chamber.S3 An apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 further comprising a separation chamber and wherein the eddy current generator is located to eject non-ferrous metals into the separation chamber.* 4 An apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the secondary processing S.....* chamber is adjacent the main processing chamber.An apparatus according to claim 3 wherein the secondary processing chamber is separated from the main processing chamber by the separation chamber.6 An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claim further comprising an electromagnet located such that the material within the oven passes said electromagnet as the oven rotates, said electro magnet for the separation of ferrous materials from the processed material.7 An apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the electromagnet is in one of the main processing chamber, the secondary processing chamber, or the separation chamber.8 An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a means for heating the main processing chamber and for heating the secondary processing chamber.9 An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the means for heating the main processing chamber and for heating the secondary processing chamber comprise means for providing a supply of hot gas to the first processing chamber and for providing a supply of hot gas to the secoridary processing chamber.An apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the means for heating the main processing chamber and for heating the secondary processing chamber are configured to provide a supply of hot gas to the secondary processing chamber having a higher oxygen content than the hot gas provided to the primary processing chamber.S.....* 11 An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a : 20 means of dividing the secondary processing chamber into a first part having the eddy fl.current separator associated therewith and a second part.12 An apparatus according to claim 11 when depéndant on claim 9 wherein the hot gas is provided to the second part of the secondary processing chamber. * .13 A method of pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organic content and non-ferrous metal, comprising heating, in the main processing chamber of a rotating oven material containing an organic content to a first temperature in a low or zero oxygen environment to process it to release syngas; -transferring said processedmaterial from said main processing chamber to a secondary processing chamber.of the oven; and separating the non-ferrous metal from the remainder of the processed material using an eddy current separator.14 A method according to claim 13, the method further comprising: after completion of the processing of the material in the first processing chamber selectively opening a gate between said main processing chamber and said secondary processing chamber; and moving said oven to cause the processed material to pass from the main processing chamber to the secondary processing chamber.A method according to claim 13 or claim 14, the method further comprising: providing a separation chamber; and operating the eddy current separator to move the non-ferrous metals into the separation chamber.16 A method according any one of claims 13 to 15 further comprising providing an electromagnet on said oven; and rotating said oven such that the material within the oven passes said electromagnet as the oven rotates such that said ferrous material is separated therefrom. * * . * *SS.. *** * 17 A method according to claim 16 wherein the ferrous material is separated after :" 20 the material in the main processing chamber has been processed. *5* S18 A method according to any one of claims l3to 17 further comprising: *:"4 heating the material in the secondary processing chamber.SS..... * S19 A method according to claim 18 comprising heating the material in the secondary processing chambAr to second temperature higher than the first temperature.A method according to claim 18 or 19 comprising: providing a flow of hot gas to the main processing chamber to heat the material therein in a first stage ot processing; and providing a flow of hot gas to the secondary processing chamber to heat the material therein in a second stage of processing.21 A method according to claim 20 wherein providing a supply of hot gas to the secondary processing chamber in the second mode of operation comprises providing a flow of hot gas to the secondary processing chamber having a higher oxygen content than the flow of hot gas provided to the primary processing chamber.22 A method according to any one of claims 13 to 21 wherein the step of separating the non-ferrous metals from the processed material precedes the step of heating the material in the secondary processing chamber.23 A method according to claim 22 further comprising, after separating the non-ferrous metals from the material within the second chamber: dividing the second chamber into a first part having the eddy current separator associated therewith and a second part containing the material; and heating the material in the second part of the secondary processing chamber. * o * * .*****. * . **** * * S * *
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PCT/GB2014/050201 WO2014128432A1 (en) 2013-02-19 2014-01-27 Improvements in waste processing
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DE19608093C2 (en) * 1996-03-02 2000-08-10 Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh Process for recycling residual and waste materials as well as low calorific fuels in a cement kiln
NL1007710C2 (en) * 1997-12-05 1999-06-08 Gibros Pec Bv Method for processing waste or biomass material.
IT1398597B1 (en) * 2009-04-29 2013-03-08 Protodesign Srl HYBRID PYROLYSIS PROCESS AND GASIFICATION FOR THE CONVERSION OF A GENERIC REFUSAL IN A GASEOUS FUEL (A PARTICULAR FUEL FROM REJECT - C.D.R.) AT LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT.
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US6149773A (en) * 1992-06-09 2000-11-21 Waste Gas Technology Limited Generation of electricity from waste material
US20090218209A1 (en) * 2003-08-04 2009-09-03 Gerard Poulleau Thermolysis of organic waste in a ball furnace

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